WO2013047740A1 - 金属とセラミックスとの接合体 - Google Patents
金属とセラミックスとの接合体 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013047740A1 WO2013047740A1 PCT/JP2012/075062 JP2012075062W WO2013047740A1 WO 2013047740 A1 WO2013047740 A1 WO 2013047740A1 JP 2012075062 W JP2012075062 W JP 2012075062W WO 2013047740 A1 WO2013047740 A1 WO 2013047740A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- metal
- titanium
- ceramic
- peak
- hexagonal
- Prior art date
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 42
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 description 9
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001040 Beta-titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 4
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008521 reorganization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000012661 Dyskinesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000233805 Phoenix Species 0.000 description 1
- 102100026827 Protein associated with UVRAG as autophagy enhancer Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101710102978 Protein associated with UVRAG as autophagy enhancer Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000007536 Thrombosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium titanate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[Ba+2].[O-][Ti]([O-])([O-])[O-] JRPBQTZRNDNNOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000747 cardiac effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;5,10,15,20-tetraphenylporphyrin-22,24-diide Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC(C(=C2C=CC([N-]2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=2C=CC(N=2)=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C2=CC=C3[N-]2)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=NC1=C3C1=CC=CC=C1 RKTYLMNFRDHKIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002447 crystallographic data Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003176 fibrotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008105 immune reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007257 malfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003608 titanium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/18—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes
- A61N1/32—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents
- A61N1/36—Applying electric currents by contact electrodes alternating or intermittent currents for stimulation
- A61N1/372—Arrangements in connection with the implantation of stimulators
- A61N1/375—Constructional arrangements, e.g. casings
- A61N1/3752—Details of casing-lead connections
- A61N1/3754—Feedthroughs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/32—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/325—Ti as the principal constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B37/00—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating
- C04B37/02—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles
- C04B37/023—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used
- C04B37/026—Joining burned ceramic articles with other burned ceramic articles or other articles by heating with metallic articles characterised by the interlayer used consisting of metals or metal salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/18—High-melting or refractory metals or alloys based thereon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/46—Bases; Cases
- H01R13/52—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof cases
- H01R13/5224—Dustproof, splashproof, drip-proof, waterproof, or flameproof cases for medical use
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2315/00—Other materials containing non-metallic inorganic compounds not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2313/04
- B32B2315/02—Ceramics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2535/00—Medical equipment, e.g. bandage, prostheses or catheter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/02—Aspects relating to interlayers, e.g. used to join ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/12—Metallic interlayers
- C04B2237/125—Metallic interlayers based on noble metals, e.g. silver
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
- C04B2237/32—Ceramic
- C04B2237/34—Oxidic
- C04B2237/343—Alumina or aluminates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/30—Composition of layers of ceramic laminates or of ceramic or metallic articles to be joined by heating, e.g. Si substrates
- C04B2237/40—Metallic
- C04B2237/403—Refractory metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2237/00—Aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/50—Processing aspects relating to ceramic laminates or to the joining of ceramic articles with other articles by heating
- C04B2237/84—Joining of a first substrate with a second substrate at least partially inside the first substrate, where the bonding area is at the inside of the first substrate, e.g. one tube inside another tube
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
- H01R13/00—Details of coupling devices of the kinds covered by groups H01R12/70 or H01R24/00 - H01R33/00
- H01R13/40—Securing contact members in or to a base or case; Insulating of contact members
- H01R13/405—Securing in non-demountable manner, e.g. moulding, riveting
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12611—Oxide-containing component
- Y10T428/12618—Plural oxides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a joined body of metal and ceramics.
- an implantable pacemaker that corrects abnormal movements of the heart of the human body and an implantable cardiac defibrillator
- a feed-through terminal is provided in a casing containing a battery, a circuit board, etc., and an electrode of this feed-through terminal is connected to a lead wire surgically connected to an appropriate place in the heart.
- the battery and circuit board in the casing should not touch the human body tissue, and the feedthrough contains body fluid in the casing to prevent malfunctions of the pacemaker caused by body fluid adhering to the circuit board and battery. It is required to surely prevent the intrusion.
- it is required to be made of a safe material that is highly compatible with a living body and does not affect the function of the human body even when it comes into contact with body fluids.
- Patent Document 1 An example of a feedthrough applicable to such a living body is described in Patent Document 1, for example.
- a housing mainly composed of titanium (Ti), which is a metal having high biocompatibility, is joined so as to surround a ceramic member made of alumina.
- the ceramic member to which the housing is joined is provided with a through hole, and a conductor pin mainly composed of platinum is fixed in a state of being inserted into the through hole.
- titanium has been used as a metal having high biocompatibility, and like the feedthrough described in Patent Document 1, there are many occasions where titanium is used in a state of being joined to a ceramic member.
- a metal braze is placed at the joint between the titanium and ceramics, and the titanium and ceramics are placed in a firing furnace and heated to about 1000 ° C. over several hours. After cooling, titanium and ceramics were joined by metal brazing.
- Titanium metal has a transformation temperature of 882 ° C., and at 882 ° C. as a boundary, it is a hexagonal ⁇ phase (hexagonal ⁇ titanium) below 882 ° C., and a cubic ⁇ phase (cubic ⁇ titanium at 882 ° C. or higher). ).
- a conventional ceramic / titanium bonded body is an aggregate of large crystal grains as described above, and a step or the like generated at the boundary of the crystal grains appears on the surface of the titanium, resulting in a problem that the surface roughness is large. Had.
- the bonding between crystal grains may be low, and there is a problem that the toughness is low and relatively easy to break.
- the present invention has been made in view of such problems.
- the X-ray diffraction peak intensity of a surface portion of a bonded body of a metal mainly composed of titanium and ceramics, excluding the bonded region of the metal is hexagonal.
- the intensity of the (011) plane attribute peak of crystal ⁇ titanium is I 011
- the intensity of the (110) plane attribute peak of hexagonal ⁇ titanium is I 110
- the intensity of the (012) plane attribute peak of hexagonal ⁇ titanium is I 012 .
- a metal / ceramic bonding article is provided in which at least one of the I 110 and the I 012 is larger than the I 011 .
- the bonded body of metal and ceramic of the present invention has a small surface roughness of a metal mainly composed of titanium and is relatively difficult to break.
- FIG. is a schematic sectional drawing explaining the feedthrough 10 comprised by providing one Embodiment of the joined body of the metal and ceramics of this invention
- FIG. is a schematic top view of the feedthrough 10.
- FIG. is a schematic sectional drawing of the pacemaker 30 comprised including the feedthrough 10 shown in FIG.
- FIG. is a schematic block diagram explaining a part of manufacturing process of the feedthrough 10 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, and has shown the state which has arrange
- (a) is the data of the X-ray diffraction intensity of the metal of one Embodiment of this invention
- (b) is the electron micrograph image of the sample shown to (a). It is an electron micrograph image of the surface of the conventional joined body of metal and ceramics.
- FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view illustrating a feedthrough 10 configured to include an embodiment of a metal / ceramic bonded body according to the present invention
- FIG. 1B is a schematic view of the feedthrough 10. It is a top view.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pacemaker 30 configured with the feedthrough 10 shown in FIG.
- the feedthrough 10 of the present embodiment is biocompatible with, for example, a cylindrical ceramic 12 (also referred to as a ceramic body 12) mainly composed of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), a conductor pin 14, and titanium. And a metal 18 (also referred to as a housing 18).
- the ceramic body 12 has a diameter of about 3 mm and a height of about 2 mm.
- the feedthrough 10 is used by being mounted on, for example, a pacemaker 30 shown in FIG.
- the content ratio of each element shown below can be calculated from the spectrum intensity corresponding to each atom by obtaining a spectrum corresponding to each atom with an acceleration voltage of 15 kV using PHOENIX manufactured by EDAX.
- the ceramic body 12 is provided with a plurality of through holes 12a penetrating from the upper surface (upper main surface in FIG. 1 (a)) to the lower surface (lower main surface in FIG. 1 (a)).
- the content of alumina in the ceramic body 12 is 50% by mass or more, for example, preferably 90% by mass or more.
- the conductor pin 14 is made of an alloy containing 90% by mass of platinum and 10% by mass of iridium (Ir).
- the conductor pin 14 may contain a material having good biocompatibility such as palladium (Pd), ruthenium (Ru), rhodium (Rh) in addition to platinum and iridium.
- the conductor pin may contain palladium, ruthenium, rhodium, iridium or the like as a main component.
- the conductor pin 14 is inserted into the through hole 12 a of the ceramic body 12, and the inner surface of the through hole 12 a and the conductor pin 14 are joined by the joint portion 20.
- the joint portion 20 is a brazing material layer mainly composed of a noble metal such as gold brazing, which is composed mainly of gold (Au), for example.
- a noble metal such as gold brazing
- Au gold
- the structure composed of the ceramic body 12 and the conductor pin 14 joined and integrated by the joint portion 20 is also referred to as a pin member 2.
- the conductor pin 14 has a diameter of about 0.3 mm, and the diameter of the through hole 12a of the ceramic body 12 is about 0.4 mm.
- the housing 18 is a cylindrical member having a through hole 18a, and has flange portions 18b at both end portions along the through hole.
- the pin member 2 is disposed in the through hole 18 a of the housing 18, and the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic body 12 of the pin member 2 and the outer peripheral surface 18 a of the housing 18 are joined by the joint portion 19.
- the joint portion 19 is a gold brazing layer mainly composed of gold, for example.
- the joining portion 19 joins the ceramic body 12 and the housing 18 by solidifying the ceramic brazing material between the ceramic body 12 and the housing 18 after the metal brazing material is once heated to, for example, 1000 ° C. or more and melted.
- region with the ceramic body 12 of the housing 18 means the area
- the X-ray diffraction peak intensity can be measured under the following conditions using, for example, Empirean PW6003 / 00 manufactured by Spectrolith Co., Ltd. as an X-ray diffractometer.
- the surface portion of the housing 18 is measured by an X-ray diffraction method using CuK ⁇ rays, and the intensity I 011 of the (011) plane attribute peak of hexagonal ⁇ titanium and the (110) plane attribute peak of hexagonal ⁇ titanium are measured.
- the intensity I 110 , the intensity I 012 of the (012) plane attribute peak of hexagonal ⁇ titanium, and the intensity of the (013) plane attribute peak of hexagonal ⁇ titanium are measured as I 013 .
- the X-ray diffraction pattern of hexagonal ⁇ titanium is PDF (Powder Diffraction Datafighty, Publicity titration of the International Center for Diffraction Data) (ICDD). Reference can be made to the code 00-0441-1294.
- the plane spacing of the (011) plane attributed X-ray diffraction peak of hexagonal ⁇ -titanium is 2.24289 mm, the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ is 40.173 °, and the (110) plane attributed X-ray diffraction
- the peak spacing is 1.475550 mm, the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ is 62.941 °, the (012) plane attribution X-ray diffraction peak spacing is 1.72564, the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ is 53.024 °, and the (013) plane attribution X.
- the surface interval of the linear peak is 1.31333, and the diffraction angle 2 ⁇ is 70.704 °.
- the interplanar spacing and diffraction angle 2 ⁇ described in the PDF code 00-004-1294 of hexagonal ⁇ -titanium may fluctuate due to differences in measurement equipment, measurement errors, etc., and the plane of the (011) plane attribution peak
- the interval is 2.22 to 2.26 mm
- the (110) plane attribute peak is 1.46 to 1.50 mm
- the (012) plane attribute peak is 1.71 to 1.75 mm
- the face spacing of the attribution peak may vary in the range of 1.31 to 1.36 mm.
- X-ray diffraction intensity is measured with an X-ray diffractometer in the range of a diffraction angle 2 ⁇ of 10 ° to 90 °, and peak intensities in the range including the above-mentioned plane spacing corresponding to each plane attribute peak are measured.
- the intensity of the plane attribution peak was measured I 011, I 110, I 012 , I 013 used to calculate the respective intensities ratio of I 110, I 012, I 013 with respect to the surface attributable peak intensity I 011 it can.
- normal titanium that is not largely oriented in a specific plane orientation is in a normal hexagonal ⁇ -titanium state at a temperature below 882 ° C.
- the X-ray diffraction peak intensity of normal hexagonal ⁇ -titanium that is not largely oriented in a specific plane orientation is that I 110 is about 15 and I 012 is about 13 when I 011 is 100, compared with I 011 .
- I 110 and I 012 are small values of less than 1/5.
- the housing 18 mainly composed of titanium according to this embodiment has a feature that at least one of I 110 and I 012 is larger than I 011 . That is, in the housing 18, it is considered that titanium is strongly oriented in the (110) plane and the (012) plane.
- the (110) plane and (012) plane of this titanium are non-slip surfaces in the metal crystal, and the housing 18 that is strongly oriented to this non-slip surface undergoes plastic deformation as compared with the normal hexagonal ⁇ -titanium state. hard.
- the housing 18 is hardly deformed by receiving an external force.
- X-rays diffraction peak intensity of the housing 18 of the present embodiment when the intensity of the (013) plane attributed peak of the hexagonal ⁇ titanium I 013, I 013 is greater than I 011.
- the (013) surface is also a non-slip surface, and the housing 18 is difficult to deform.
- the half width of the X-ray diffraction peak of the housing 18 is such that at least one of the half width of the (110) plane attribution peak of hexagonal ⁇ titanium and the half width of the (012) plane attribution peak of hexagonal ⁇ titanium is 0. Less than 2 °.
- the housing 18 has a steep peak in which the half width of the surface attribute peak appearing in the X-ray diffraction peak is relatively small.
- the crystal contained in the housing 18 is in a so-called high crystallinity state in which the regularity of atomic arrangement in the crystal is high. It can be said that the housing 18 is highly crystalline and hardly deforms.
- the housing 18 mainly composed of titanium is subjected to a heat treatment when being joined to the ceramic body 12. That is, when forming the joint portion 19 that joins the housing 18 and the ceramic body 12, for example, heat treatment of about 1100 ° C. is performed. In a normal heat treatment performed in the field of joining technology of metal and ceramics, the temperature is increased over a long time of several tens of minutes to several hours, up to a temperature of about 1100 ° C. exceeding the transformation temperature of 882 ° C. of titanium. Yes. When heat treatment is performed on a metal containing titanium as a main component by this normal heat treatment, the entire titanium is once transformed into cubic ⁇ -titanium, and then returns to the hexagonal ⁇ -titanium state again.
- the reorganization of titanium proceeds slowly and the crystal becomes larger than necessary.
- the crystal formed by the conventional heat treatment in which the temperature is raised to nearly 1000 ° C. over a long time of several tens of minutes to several hours as described above is an amorphous state that cannot be called a cubic ⁇ -titanium or a hexagonal ⁇ -titanium.
- the titanium is in a close state, and is difficult to be oriented in a specific plane orientation.
- the housing 18 and the ceramic body 12 are joined together by a joint portion 19 made of, for example, Au brazing.
- a joint portion 19 made of, for example, Au brazing.
- the time taken to raise the temperature to 1100 ° C. Is extremely short, about 1 to 1.5 minutes. Further, after the temperature is raised extremely in such a short time, the temperature is lowered to 882 ° C. or less in a short time of less than 1 minute, for example.
- the time during which the temperature exceeds 882 ° C., which is the transformation temperature of titanium is less than 2 minutes in total. .
- Such rapid heating can be realized by a rapid heating apparatus or the like that has not been conventionally used in the field of joining metal and ceramics.
- a rapid heating apparatus for example, an infrared rapid heating apparatus in which an infrared heating body and a reflecting mirror that locally condenses the thermal energy (infrared radiation) radiated from the infrared heating body to a certain narrow area are combined.
- the aggregate of the housing 18 made of titanium, the ceramic body 12, and the metal brazing that is a precursor of the joint portion 19 is disposed, for example, in the light condensing portion of the infrared rapid heating apparatus, thereby rapidly increasing the temperature of the entire aggregate. Can be raised.
- the temperature of the atmosphere other than the condenser is particularly set at the condenser arranged in the condenser. It can be kept quite low compared to the body, and heating (irradiation with infrared rays) can be stopped and the whole temperature can be lowered rapidly.
- the feedthrough 10 includes a conductor pin 14 mainly composed of Pt, a housing 18 made of titanium, a joint 20 and a joint 19 mainly composed of a noble metal, and the like, all of which are composed of highly biocompatible components. ing.
- a biological placement device such as a pacemaker, for example, even if the feedthrough 10 comes into contact with body fluids, there is little influence on the human body.
- the metal having a relatively high biocompatibility is a metal that has little immune reaction of the body, especially thrombus formation and fibrotic cell tissue encapsulation even when it touches the body tissue and blood of the body, for example, Examples include gold (Au), platinum (Pt), titanium (Ti), niobium (Nb), and boron (B).
- noble metals having a relatively high melting point and chemically stable such as palladium (Pd), ruthenium (Ru), and rhodium (Rh) iridium (Ir), have relatively high biocompatibility.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a pacemaker 30 configured with the feedthrough 10 shown in FIG.
- the pacemaker 30 includes a battery 42, a circuit board 44, an EMI filter 46, and the like, and a lower case 40 in which the feedthrough 10 is fixed to the upper wall surface, and a lead wire 52 connected to the conductor pin 14 of the feedthrough 10.
- the upper case 50 is combined with an antenna 54 that passes through the inside and is connected to the antenna 54 connected to the other conductor pin 14 of the feedthrough 10.
- the lower case 40 is a casing made of, for example, titanium, and an opening is provided on the upper wall surface in FIG. 2.
- the feedthrough 10 is disposed so as to close the opening, and the housing 18 of the feedthrough 10 and the lower case 40.
- a battery 42 made of a lithium ion battery
- a circuit board 44 connected to the battery 42 to generate a predetermined electric signal, and electromagnetic waves from, for example, a television transmitter, a mobile phone, a radio tower, etc.
- An EMI filter 46 and the like for removing EMI (electro-magnetic interface) caused by the above-mentioned components are incorporated.
- the battery 42, the circuit board 44, and the EMI filter 46 are separated from body fluids such as blood by the lower case 40 and the feedthrough 10.
- the upper case 50 is made of a resin material having high biocompatibility, for example.
- the upper case 50 has a container shape in which an opening is arranged on the lower side in the drawing, and the lower opening in the drawing is closed by the lower case 40.
- a seal member 72 made of a material having high biocompatibility that suppresses intrusion of body fluid into the upper case 50 is disposed at the contact portion between the upper case 50 and the lower case 40.
- An antenna 54 is disposed in the internal space of the upper case 50 surrounded by the inner surface of the upper case 50 and the upper surface of the lower case 40 in the drawing.
- a plurality of openings 59 are provided in a part of the wall surface of the upper case 50, and the lead wires 52 are inserted through these openings.
- a seal member 74 made of a material with high biocompatibility that suppresses the intrusion of body fluid into the upper case 50 is disposed.
- the conductor pin 14 is inserted into the through hole 12 a of the ceramic body 12, and the circuit board 44 inside the lower case 40 and the lead wire 52 passing through the upper case 50 are physically connected via the conductor pin 14. Connected electrically and electrically.
- the lead wire 52 is electrically connected to a predetermined position of the human heart, and guides an electrical signal emitted from the circuit board 44 and supplied via the conductor pin 14 to a predetermined position of the human heart.
- An antenna 54 is also disposed in the upper case 50, and this antenna 54 is also connected to the circuit board 44 in the lower case 40 via the conductor pins 14 of the feedthrough 10.
- the antenna 54 transmits various data such as data representing the operating state of the pacemaker 30, data for adjusting the operating conditions of the pacemaker 30, and data representing the current health state of the human body wearing the pacemaker 30 to external communication. Send to and receive from the device.
- the antenna 54 is also connected to the circuit board 44 in the lower case 40 via the conductor pin 14 of the feedthrough 10, and transmits a signal from the circuit board 44 and also transmits a signal sent from an external communication device. Receive and send to circuit board 44.
- the antenna 54 is configured, for example, by arranging a conductor pattern 64 on the surface of a ceramic substrate 62.
- the manufacturing process is simplified as compared with the case where the antenna is configured by a metal wire, and a pacemaker can be manufactured at a low cost. It is also possible to prevent external force from being applied to the feedthrough conductor pins.
- the feedthrough 10 is made of a metal material having high biocompatibility, and even when it is placed on the human body, the safety to the human body is relatively high. Further, in the feedthrough 10 including the metal / ceramic bonded body of the present embodiment, the housing 18 made of titanium is not easily deformed. For example, even when a person wearing the heart pacer 30 repeats a violent operation continuously over a long period of time, the bonding state between the housing 18 and the ceramic body 12 can be maintained well. In addition, since the housing 18 is not easily deformed, the joined state between the housing 18 and the lower case 40 is maintained well, and a gap or the like is suppressed from being generated between the housing 18 and the lower case 40.
- the feedthrough 10 can be manufactured by the following method, for example.
- a ceramic body 12 having alumina as a main component and provided with a plurality of through holes 12a penetrating from the upper surface toward the lower surface is prepared.
- the ceramic body 12 can be produced by a known method of, for example, press-molding alumina powder and firing it.
- the material of the ceramic body is not limited to alumina, but alumina, barium titanate, zirconia, silicon nitride, and the like are preferable in consideration of biocompatibility.
- a metallized layer is formed on the inner surface of the through-hole 12a and the outer peripheral surface of the ceramic.
- the metallized layer on the inner surface of the through hole 12a may be formed using a known method such as sputtering or a paste method.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which each member is disposed in a heating furnace of the infrared rapid heating apparatus.
- the infrared rapid heating apparatus includes an infrared radiator 92 such as a known infrared lamp, and a reflecting mirror 94 for locally condensing thermal energy (infrared rays) radiated from the infrared heater in a narrow area. ing.
- the conductor pin 14 is inserted through the through hole 12 a having a metallized layer (not shown) attached to the inner surface, and the ceramic body 12 through which the conductor pin 14 is inserted is the through hole of the housing 18.
- Each member is hold
- a ring-shaped first gold brazing material 82 mainly composed of Au is disposed so as to close the upper opening portion of the gap between the through hole 12a and the conductor pin 14, and the ceramic body 12 and the housing 18 are arranged.
- the whole is disposed in the heating portion of the infrared rapid heating apparatus, that is, the portion where the infrared rays are collected by the reflecting mirror 94.
- 3 schematically shows the configuration of the infrared rapid heating apparatus.
- the infrared radiator 92 and the reflecting mirror 94 are shown smaller than the ceramic body 12 and the housing 18. Yes.
- the whole temperature is raised to 1100 ° C. in 1 minute to 5 minutes, and then maintained for 10 seconds at 1100 ° C., about 10 seconds to 1 minute to 882 ° C., about 15 minutes to 200 ° C. Let it cool naturally over time.
- Au constituting the first gold brazing material 82 and the second gold brazing material 84 has a melting point of about 1060 ° C., and is melted during the heat treatment, and the entire gap between the conductor pin 14 and the through hole 12a, and the ceramic body. 12 spreads over the entire gap between the housing 18 and solidifies as the temperature lowers to form the joint 20 and the joint 19.
- the feedthrough 10 can be manufactured in this way.
- FIG. 4A shows X-ray diffraction intensity spectrum data of the housing 18 of the feedthrough 10 manufactured through the above steps.
- the data in FIG. 4A is data obtained by using “Empirean PW6003 / 00” manufactured by Spectris as an X-ray diffractometer and measuring the X-ray output under conditions of 45 kV and 40 mA.
- I 110 and I 012 are larger than I 011 , and titanium is strongly oriented in the (110) plane and the (012) plane. It can be confirmed.
- I 013 is larger than I 011 .
- the full width at half maximum of I 110 was 0.101 mm, and the half width of I 012 was 0.102 mm, and it was confirmed that the crystal had high crystallinity as shown in FIG. .
- FIG. 4B is a photograph of a secondary electron image obtained by photographing the surface of the sample shown in FIG.
- the device used was “JSM-7001F” manufactured by JEOL Ltd., and the acceleration electron was 15 kV. It can be confirmed that no major deformation is observed in the housing, and the surface of the housing is relatively smooth.
- FIG. 5 is a photograph of a comparative example, which is a photograph of the surface of a metal mainly composed of titanium in a conventional metal / ceramic bonded body.
- the apparatus and shooting conditions used for shooting are the same as those shown in FIG.
- This conventional metal / ceramic bonded body is bonded using MINI-VAC-II manufactured by Tokyo Vacuum Co., Ltd., which is one of ordinary vacuum furnaces used in the field of metal / ceramic bonding technology. It is a thing.
- the temperature profile was raised to 1100 ° C. in 130 minutes, maintained at 1100 ° C. for 1 minute, and then naturally cooled to 880 ° C. or less over about 11 minutes and to 200 ° C. over about 5 hours.
- Table 1 shows the results of evaluating the mechanical strength of a metal mainly composed of titanium in a joined body of metal and ceramic.
- Each sample shown in Table 1 is obtained by heat-treating only a titanium metal containing titanium as a main component, and does not join the metal and ceramics.
- the RTC-1350A universal testing machine manufactured by A & D Corporation is used, the load cell used is a 25 kN load cell, the load speed is 5 mm / min, the gauge distance is 50 mm, and the chuck distance is 97 mm.
- “Elongation at break” and “tensile strength” of standard Z2201 (corresponding to ISO 6892 “Metalic-Tensile testing”) were measured.
- the sample of the shape based on the said JIS standard Z2201 No. 13B was used for the measurement.
- Samples 1 to 3 shown in “Infrared rapid heating apparatus” in Table 1 are the same as those shown in FIG. 4B using the same infrared rapid heating apparatus as the heat treatment for the sample shown in the photograph in FIG. The results of measuring the tensile strength and elongation at break for a titanium member heat-treated under the same conditions are shown.
- Samples 1 to 3 shown in “Conventional vacuum furnace” in Table 1 are heat-treated under the same conditions as the sample shown in FIG. 5 using the same conventional vacuum heat treatment apparatus as the heat treatment of the sample shown in FIG. The result of having measured the tensile strength and breaking elongation about the titanium member which did is shown.
- Each sample shown in Table 1 was obtained by heat-treating only a metal containing titanium as a main component to ceramics in order to measure mechanical strength.
- Samples 1 to 3 using an “infrared rapid heating apparatus” It has undergone the same heat treatment as the metal in the metal / ceramic bonded body shown in FIG. 4B, and well represents the mechanical properties of titanium in the metal / ceramic bonded body shown in FIG. 4B. I can say that.
- Samples 1 to 3 by the “conventional vacuum furnace” were also subjected to the same heat treatment as the metal in the metal / ceramic bonded body shown in FIG. It can be said that it expresses well.
- the sample heat-treated with the “infrared rapid heating device” has higher tensile strength and the elongation at break than the sample heat-treated with the “conventional vacuum furnace”. Yes. That is, the sample titanium heat-treated with the “infrared rapid heating apparatus” is not easily destroyed even when a relatively large external force is applied, and has high reliability.
- the feedthrough 10 according to the present embodiment is less susceptible to deterioration over time due to residual stress of the housing 18, for example, which occurs when the housing 18 of the feedthrough 10 and the lower case 40 are welded. In addition, even when an external stress is applied in various processes such as welding, the probability of breakage due to this stress is low.
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Abstract
Description
12 セラミック体
12a 貫通孔
14 導体ピン
18 ハウジング
19、20 接合部
30 ペースメーカー
40 下部ケース
42 バッテリ
44 回路基板
46 EMIフィルタ
52 リード線
54 アンテナ
Claims (6)
- チタンを主成分とする金属と、セラミックスとの接合体であって、
前記金属の、前記セラミックスとの接合領域を除いた表面部分のX線回折ピーク強度は、六方晶αチタンの(011)面帰属ピークの強度をI011、六方晶αチタンの(110)面帰属ピークの強度をI110、六方晶αチタンの(012)面帰属ピークの強度をI012としたとき、
前記I110および前記I012の少なくとも一方が、前記I011よりも大きいことを特徴とする金属とセラミックスとの接合体。 - 前記I110および前記I012の双方が、前記I011よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の金属とセラミックスとの接合体。
- 前記金属のX線回折ピーク強度は、六方晶αチタンの(013)面帰属ピークの強度をI013としたとき、前記I013が前記I011よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の金属とセラミックスとの接合体。
- 前記金属のX線回折ピークの半値幅は、六方晶αチタンの(110)面帰属ピークの半値幅および六方晶αチタンの(012)面帰属ピークの半値幅の少なくとも一方が、0.2°よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項3のいずれかに記載の金属とセラミックスとの接合体。
- 前記金属と前記セラミックスとが金属ロウを介して接合されていることを特徴とする請求項1乃至請求項4のいずれかに記載の金属とセラミックスとの接合体。
- 前記金属ロウが、金を主成分とすることを特徴とする請求項5記載の金属とセラミックスとの接合体。
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US14/348,501 US9339991B2 (en) | 2011-09-30 | 2012-09-28 | Metal-ceramic joined body |
JP2013536421A JP5873095B2 (ja) | 2011-09-30 | 2012-09-28 | 金属とセラミックスとの接合体 |
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EP3055095B1 (de) * | 2013-10-08 | 2020-12-09 | Kistler Holding AG | Verfahren zur herstellung einer metall-keramiklötverbindung |
WO2023054529A1 (ja) * | 2021-09-29 | 2023-04-06 | 京セラ株式会社 | 気密端子 |
JP7523457B2 (ja) | 2019-03-11 | 2024-07-26 | ニューロループ ゲーエムベーハー | 医療用インプラントを製造する方法 |
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US9692173B2 (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2017-06-27 | Greatbatch Ltd. | Feedthrough wire connector for use in a medical device |
US11211741B2 (en) | 2011-06-03 | 2021-12-28 | Greatbatch Ltd. | Removable terminal pin connector for an active electronics circuit board for use in an implantable medical device |
US20130132855A1 (en) * | 2011-11-21 | 2013-05-23 | Medtronic, Inc. | Medical device communication system with communication controller using interface device |
KR101656723B1 (ko) * | 2015-06-30 | 2016-09-12 | 재단법인 오송첨단의료산업진흥재단 | 피드스루 제조방법 |
EP3238778B1 (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2019-06-12 | BIOTRONIK SE & Co. KG | Header for a medical implant device, particularly for a pacemaker |
EP3332836B1 (de) | 2016-12-09 | 2019-07-03 | BIOTRONIK SE & Co. KG | Durchführung eines implantierbaren medizinelektronischen geräts |
US11560913B2 (en) * | 2018-01-19 | 2023-01-24 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Brazed joint and semiconductor processing chamber component having the same |
GB2600950A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2022-05-18 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Electronic assembly and method of producing the same |
WO2022225517A1 (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2022-10-27 | Kyocera International, Inc. | Ceramic feedthrough assemblies for electronic devices with metal housings |
US11424053B1 (en) | 2021-04-21 | 2022-08-23 | Kyocera International, Inc. | Ceramic feedthrough assemblies for electronic devices with metal housings |
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US9339991B2 (en) | 2016-05-17 |
US20140272457A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
JP5873095B2 (ja) | 2016-03-01 |
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