WO2013046785A1

WO2013046785A1 - Tool path-calculating device, tool path-calculating method, and processing equipment

Info

Publication number: WO2013046785A1
Application number: PCT/JP2012/061551
Authority: WO
Inventors: 敏夫山中; 武尚吉川
Original assignee: 株式会社日立製作所
Priority date: 2011-09-26
Filing date: 2012-05-01
Publication date: 2013-04-04
Also published as: JP2013071187A

Abstract

Provided is technology, which relates to the control of processing equipment with a grinding tool (grindstone) and which is able to limit cost, etc. by calculating an ideal path for coping with tool wear. The tool path-calculating device (10) has a function for calculating a path that takes into consideration the wear that occurs in a tool during grinding with the processing equipment (20). For a combination of a work material and a tool, the processing unit (201) performs: (1) processing for storing in a DB (50) data that includes relational information between various grinding specifications and tool wear on the basis of results data for a first grinding process (test process); (2) processing for calculating tool wear for a second grinding process on the basis of said various grinding specifications and a DB (50) when generating NC data (52) for performing the second grinding process (actual process); and (3) processing for calculating a tool path, which corrects the path that does not take tool wear into consideration and reflects the amount of tool wear for the second grinding process.

Description

Tool path calculation device, tool path calculation method, and machining apparatus

The present invention relates to technologies such as computer-aided manufacturing (CAM: Computer Aided Manufacturing) and numerical control (NC: Numerical Control) of a processing apparatus. In particular, the present invention relates to information processing for generating CAM and NC data for a processing apparatus including a step of grinding a material (workpiece) with a grinding tool (grinding stone or the like). In particular, the present invention relates to a technique for coping with wear generated on a tool (grinding stone) during grinding and a technique for calculating / correcting a movement path of the tool (grinding stone).

Prior art examples relating to CAM and the like include JP-A-2-65971 (Patent Document 1), JP-A-2003-315992 (Patent Document 2), JP-A-10-15800 (Patent Document 3), and the like. .

Patent Document 1 has the following description. As a conventional technique, grinding wheels wear out during grinding. At this time, the grinding process is stopped, and the grinding wheel is dressed with a dresser embedded with diamond, which is a grinding and shaping tool, and then again. Grind. As a problem, this method cannot perform efficient grinding because dressing is performed by interrupting the grinding process every time the grindstone is worn. On the other hand, in patent document 1, the said dresser is arrange | positioned on the opposite side of the processing point of a grindstone, and it grinds, grind | polishing a grindstone. When the grindstone is dressed, the diameter of the grindstone is reduced, and therefore the grinding is performed while correcting the positions of the grindstone and the dresser with respect to the work material. In surface grinding, in which the grinding wheel moves linearly, the grinding wheel diameter that decreases as the grinding wheel wears is grasped in advance, and grinding is performed while the decrease is closer to the work piece as the grinding wheel diameter decreases. Process. At the same time, with respect to the dresser, the same amount as that for correcting the trajectory (path) of the grindstone is brought close to the grindstone. Thus, it is shown that efficient and accurate grinding can be achieved by performing dressing while grinding without stopping the machine.

Patent Document 2 has the following description. In the conventional technique, when grinding a roll material (cylindrical shape) that is long in the axial direction, since the wear of the grindstone (tool) proceeds in one pass, the roll diameter on the grinding start side The finished dimensions differ from the roll diameter on the grinding end side. Therefore, it is necessary to empirically secure the dimensions by increasing the number of grinding passes. On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, the relationship between the grindstone drive motor load current value and the grindstone actual cutting amount is obtained in advance and converted into a mathematical formula, while the required removal amount in the longitudinal direction of the roll is obtained for each processing position, and grinding is performed. The removal amount necessary for the processing position to be processed, that is, the grinding wheel cutting amount is controlled so as to match the above formula, and the grinding wheel actual cutting amount for the roll as the work material is corrected during grinding. Thus, it is shown that processing can be performed with high accuracy without measuring the roll dimensions during the grinding process.

Furthermore, Patent Document 3 has the following description. When manufacturing the aspherical lens mold with a grindstone, the wear amount of the grindstone after a certain process is experimentally determined and stored in advance in the memory of the control device of the processing machine, and this grindstone wear amount is stored in the machining process. A technique for correcting and processing with high accuracy is shown.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2-65971 JP 2003-315992 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-15800

The techniques shown in the background art (

Patent Documents

1, 2, 3, etc.) are techniques for performing correction to cope with the wear of the tool (grinding stone) during grinding. Can be caught. That is, the material (work material) to be processed by the grindstone (tool) and the production / machining process of the actual workpiece (product) using the grindstone (tool) are the same as the product (work material). Data on the amount of wear of the grinding wheel (tool) when processing in the same processing procedure as the production and processing of products, that is, the same processing equipment using the same processing equipment or processing equipment with specifications almost equivalent to this equipment. And this data is used as a correction amount for the position of the tool (grindstone) in actual machining. In other words, processes (conditions) that include the order of tools (grindstone) used for processing to obtain correction data, tool trajectory, tool rotation speed (grinding speed), tool feed speed, tool cutting depth, etc. And the process (condition) for processing the product reflecting the correction data. This includes the case where the test is performed using a material prepared only for data acquisition without using the product (trial processing) and the processing of the product (actual processing) is repeated. There are the following problems (problems) for such technology.

(1) As a first problem, in the test (trial processing) for obtaining correction data, the same processing equipment as the product processing (actual processing), the material and shape of the grinding tool (grinding stone), etc. Grinding process (part: grinding in this example with any device capable of both cutting with a blade and grinding with a grinding wheel), grinding wheel rotation speed, feed speed, grinding wheel dressing interval, etc. Data necessary for correcting the position of the tool (grinding stone) cannot be obtained unless a test product having the same shape as the product is manufactured under various processing conditions (hereinafter collectively referred to as “conditions”). This method is also possible if the material to be tested is relatively small and inexpensive. However, if the material to be manufactured is large and expensive, the cost and time will be increased accordingly. It is difficult to realize.

(2) As a second problem, when a change is made to the shape of the product that is actually manufactured (actual processing), the test (work material) with the changed shape is again tested (trial processing). It is necessary to execute the correction to acquire correction data. Each time a product design change occurs, a test (trial process) is required, which requires a lot of material costs, man-hours, and time to start production.

(3) As a third problem, as described in Patent Document 1, a dresser is disposed on the opposite side of the processing point of the grindstone, and grinding is performed while dressing the grindstone (a method called an in-process dress) ), It is necessary to process the grinding wheel while removing a larger amount than the amount that the grinding wheel naturally wears by grinding (otherwise, the dresser does not come into contact with the grinding wheel). Waste that reduces more than necessary occurs.

In summary, there are the following issues (problems):
(1) Costs and other problems due to constraints that make the conditions of trial processing and actual processing the same.
(2) Cost, time, and other problems due to testing each time a product is changed
(3) The problem of unnecessarily reducing the number of tools (grinding stones) due to in-process dressing.

In view of the above, the main object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems (1) to (3) in CAM, NC, etc., relating to a processing apparatus using the above-described grinding tool (grinding stone, etc.). That is, to provide a technology that can realize the following points:
(1) Relax the constraints to make the conditions of trial processing and actual processing the same, and reduce costs, etc.
(2) Eliminates or reduces the need for testing each time a product is changed, reducing costs and time,
(3) It is not necessary to reduce the number of tools (grinding stones) more than necessary, and the cost is reduced.

In order to achieve the above object, a representative embodiment of the present invention is to deal with wear generated in a tool during grinding in a CAM, NC, etc. related to a processing apparatus using the above-described grinding tool (grinding stone, etc.). A method / apparatus for performing information processing for calculating / correcting the position / path of tool movement, etc., having the following configuration.

The present invention, when generating NC data for controlling the grinding process of the processing apparatus, corrects / calculates a path along which the grindstone moves in consideration of wear generated on the grindstone during grinding (including a path after correction). An apparatus having a function of generating NC data) and a corresponding method are provided. In this equipment, data (whetstone wear amount) obtained by performing trial machining (such as a simple straight groove machining test) with a grindstone (tool) used for the work material and data created based on that data Using the (prediction formula and correspondence table), a grinding wheel wear amount (radius, etc.) corresponding to a grinding process (actual machining) having a different condition (shape, size, etc.) from the trial machining is calculated by prediction. Thereby, it correct | amends so that it may become a suitable path | route which considered abrasion of the grindstone in grinding, produces | generates and outputs NC data containing the path | route after the said correction | amendment, and controls a processing apparatus suitably by the said NC data.

The apparatus of this embodiment performs, for example, information processing for generating NC data (machining data) including a path of the tool for controlling the operation of a machining apparatus provided with a tool (grinding stone) that grinds a workpiece. A tool path calculation device for performing a function of calculating a path in consideration of wear generated in a tool during grinding. The processing unit includes (1) a first condition (working form) for a work material having a first shape and a size with respect to a combination of a work material (specific material type) and a tool (specific material type). Based on the data of the result of performing the first grinding process (trial process) according to, data including relation information between the grinding specification value of the first grinding process and the tool wear amount (reduction amount) is stored in the database. When generating NC data for processing and (2) second grinding (actual machining) under a second condition (machining form) for a workpiece having the second shape and size, A process for calculating a tool wear amount of the second grinding process on the basis of the grinding specification values of the grinding process 2 and the relational information of the database; and (3) a tool of the second grinding process. The second grinding tool calculated above for the path not considering wear Reflecting the wear amount, the tool path or diameter corrected so as to cancel the machining error due to the tool wear amount is calculated, and NC data corresponding to the machining data including the corrected path or diameter is generated. Process.

According to typical embodiments of the present invention, the following effects corresponding to the above-described conventional problems (1) to (3) are provided:
(1) Relax the constraints to make the conditions of trial processing and actual processing the same, and reduce costs, etc.
(2) Eliminates or reduces the need for testing each time a product is changed, reducing costs and time,
(3) It is not necessary to reduce the number of tools (grinding stones) more than necessary, and the cost is reduced.

1 is a diagram showing an overall schematic configuration of a system (tool path calculation system) according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this Embodiment, it is a figure which shows the structure of a CAM system (tool path | route calculation apparatus). It is a figure which shows the hardware constitutions of a CAM system (tool path | route calculation apparatus) in this Embodiment. In this embodiment, it is a figure which shows the hardware constitutions of the processing apparatus (machining center) (an example of the processing apparatus of an I / F connection destination (NC control object)). It is a figure which shows the flow of the tool path | route calculation process by a CAM system (processing part) in this Embodiment. (A)-(c) is explanatory drawing shown about the processing form containing the contact state of a grindstone and a work material in this Embodiment, (a) is the 1st processing form (straight line), (b ) Shows the second machining mode (arc outer side), and (c) shows the third machining mode (arc inner side). (A), (b) is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the method and result of a trial processing by the system according to a prior art, (a) is a processing form (straight line), (b) is a result by (a). (Relationship between grinding specification value (ψ) and grinding wheel radius reduction amount (W)). (A), (b) is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the prediction result of the grinding wheel radius reduction | decrease amount (W) by the system according to a prior art, (a) is a processing form (arc outer side) and grinding conditions (grinding wheel) (B) shows the result of (a) (relationship between cutting amount (Δ) and grinding wheel wear radius (W)). (A), (b) is explanatory drawing which shows the 2nd system which estimates the grindstone radius reduction amount (W) in this Embodiment, (a) is a contact arc of a grindstone and a workpiece. The length ratio, (b), shows the result of prediction based on (a) (the relationship between the cutting amount (Δ) and the grinding wheel radius reduction amount (W1)). (A)-(d) is explanatory drawing which shows the influence which the radius (R) of the grindstone to use has on the grindstone radius reduction amount (W). (A), (b) is explanatory drawing which shows the 1st system which estimates the grinding wheel radius reduction | decrease amount (W) in this Embodiment, (a) is the volume reduction | decrease amount ((psi) per grindstone unit width). (B) shows the result of prediction based on (a) (relation between the cutting depth (Δ) and the grinding wheel wear radius (W2)). It is explanatory drawing which shows the path | route (P), the grindstone radius reduction amount (W), etc. in this Embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that components having the same function are denoted by the same reference symbols throughout the drawings for describing the embodiment, and the repetitive description thereof will be omitted. In the description, symbols such as W: radius and M: volume are used as appropriate.

[Summary]
The tool path calculation device (CAD system) of the system according to the present embodiment (FIG. 1, FIG. 2, etc.) includes a path that takes into account wear during grinding of the grinding tool (grinding stone) of the processing device. Has a function to automatically calculate and correct machining data (NC data). Different conditions (such as the shape and size of the material) can be used for trial machining for obtaining correction data and actual machining reflecting the correction data. This function calculates (predicts) actual machining data (grindstone wear radius, etc.) based on trial machining data (grindstone wear volume, etc.).

At the time of trial machining, trial machining is executed by the machining device based on the first NC data under the first condition with a combination of the work material and the grinding tool (grinding wheel). The trial processing (first condition) can be a simple test such as linear groove processing of a small-sized flat plate, for example. Then, the result data of the trial machining is obtained, and for example, data including relation information indicating the relation between the grinding specification value and the grinding wheel wear volume is stored in the database.

During actual machining, based on the data stored in the database (related information), calculate a suitable path considering tool wear, correct the corresponding machining data including the path, and generate the corresponding NC data. Output. The actual machining is executed by the machining device using the second NC data under the second condition with the combination of the work material and the grinding tool (grinding stone) using the same material as that at the time of actual machining and trial machining. The actual machining (second condition) can be a circular arc machining of a large product.

In particular, as a first method relating to data (related information) used for correction (prediction), a grinding wheel reduction volume of the work material-grinding tool (grinding wheel) is used (DB50 in FIGS. 11 and 1). As a result, the prediction error of grinding wheel wear is greatly reduced as compared with the prior art.

In particular, the contact arc length ratio of the work material-grinding tool (grinding wheel) is used as a second method regarding data (related information) used for correction (prediction) (FIG. 9). As a result, the prediction error of grinding wheel wear is greatly reduced as compared with the prior art.

Since the first method is more effective than the second method (the prediction error is small), it will be described as a representative form (FIG. 1 and the like).

[system]
FIG. 1 shows an overall configuration of a system (tool path calculation system) 100 according to the present embodiment and a schematic configuration of a CAD system 30 as a main part. The system 100 includes an information processing apparatus (computer system) constituting the design / processing data creation system 101 and a processing apparatus 20 to be controlled by the information processing apparatus. The system 100 includes a CAD system 30 (shape design device), design data (design data storage device) 51, a CAM system 10 (tool path calculation device), NC data (NC data storage device) 52, and an NC simulator. 40 and a machining center (processing apparatus) 20 controlled by NC data 52, and these are connected by communication.

Reference numerals

51 and 52 denote data or storage devices for the data.

As a general flow of design and processing, first, the shape of an arbitrary part (target product) to be obtained is designed by the user's operation using the processing of the CAD system 30, and when the design is completed, the corresponding design data 51 is stored and output. Next, NC data 52 for processing (manufacturing) the target product is generated, stored, and output to the processing apparatus 20 based on the design data 51 using the processing of the CAM system 10 by user operation. Is done. In the processing apparatus 20, the processing operation is automatically controlled according to the NC data 52.

(30) The CAD system 30 is a shape design device, and is a device such as a PC that realizes information processing including a shape design function by CAD (Computer Aided Design). The CAD system 30 creates, holds, and outputs design data 51 based on the operation of a user (CAD operator or the like).

(51) The design data 51 is CAD data, and includes data such as the shape and material of the product to be manufactured (processed). The design data 51 is held in a memory in the CAD system 30 and the CAM system 10 or may be held in another storage device.

(10) The CAM system 10 is a tool path calculation device, and is a device such as a PC that realizes information processing including a tool path calculation function by the CAM. The CAM system 10 creates, holds, and outputs NC data 52 from the design data 51 based on the operation of the user (CAM operator or the like).

The CAM system 10 includes a processing unit 201, a storage unit 202, an I / F unit 203, a trial processing unit 204A, an actual processing unit 204B, and the like.

(52) The NC data 52 is NC data including an NC program for controlling the target machining apparatus 20. The NC data 52 is held in a memory in the CAM system 10 and the processing apparatus 20, or may be held in another storage device.

(40) The NC simulator 40 performs a process for verifying the operation of the NC data 52 before outputting the NC data 52 from the CAM system 10 to the machining apparatus 20, and the verified NC data 52 is transferred to the machining apparatus 20. The The verification (NC simulator 40) can be omitted.

It should be noted that a form in which the CAD system 30 and the CAM system 10 in FIG. 1 are integrated into one, or a form in which each function is separated into different devices, etc. are possible as appropriate. For example, when the CAM system 10 has a CAD function, the design data 51 may be created by the CAM system 10.

(201) The processing unit 201 performs information processing such as steps S1 to S6 shown schematically (described later). In particular, S3 and S4 are characteristic processes.

(202) The storage unit 202 holds necessary data information. In this embodiment, design data 51, condition information 53, DB 50, NC data 52, and the like are held.

(203) The I / F unit 203 is a part that performs communication interface processing for connection with the outside (particularly including the processing device 20) (using the communication I / F device 308 of FIG. 3 and the like). The I / F unit 203 performs communication processing such as transmitting NC data 52 and instruction information to the machining apparatus 20 and the NC simulator 40 through the communication network based on instructions from the trial machining unit 204A and the actual machining unit 204B. Do.

In the present embodiment, when the NC data 52 is transmitted from the CAM system 10 to the machining apparatus 20, the machining apparatus 20 automatically performs a machining operation according to the NC data 52. Further, it is possible to measure the state of machining or the result of machining using the measuring device 4 according to the NC data 52 (manual measurement is also possible). Thereby, result data (k1, k2 in FIG. 2) of trial processing and actual processing including at least grinding wheel wear data and the like are obtained. In addition, it is good also as a form which transmits data information (for example, data, such as a processing state and a processing result) from the processing apparatus 20 to the CAM system 10 etc. according to the form of the processing apparatus 20 or a system.

(204A) The trial processing unit 204A uses the processing unit 201, the I / F unit 203, and the like to perform processing during trial processing. Also, a predetermined user interface (screen or the like) for trial machining is provided.

(204B) The actual machining unit 204B uses the processing unit 201, the I / F unit 203, and the like to perform processing during actual machining. Also, a predetermined user interface (screen or the like) for actual machining is provided.

Note that the basic processing flow of both the trial processing unit 204A and the actual processing unit 204B is similarly realized using the processing unit 201. Processing conditions and processing details are different.

(50) The DB 50 is a database that stores data necessary for the CAM system 10 (processing unit 201) to perform a tool path calculation process and the like (amount of grinding wheel wear, relationship information 211, and the like). Particularly in the first method, the wheel wear volume DB 50 stores wheel wear volume data and the like (in the second method, the DB 50 includes contact arc length ratio information). The grinding wheel wear volume data as the relationship information 211 is created and stored in a format such as a function (prediction formula) or a correspondence table (table) (described later).

The DB 50 is created based on the trial processing result data k1 (FIG. 2) in the processing apparatus 20. The entire result data k1 may be stored in the DB 50, or only a part of information related to the relationship information 211 may be stored. For example, the result data k1 of the trial machining including the measurement result by the measuring device 4 (FIG. 2) in the machining device 20 is input / acquired to the CAM system 10 and stored in the DB 50. Then, a function (prediction formula) or a correspondence table serving as the relationship information 211 is created (set) and stored in the DB 50 by the user or partial calculation.

[Trial processing / actual processing]
FIG. 2 shows a connection configuration between the CAM system 10 and the machining apparatus 20 regarding trial machining and actual machining in the system of the present embodiment shown in FIG. The CAM system 10 and the processing apparatus 20 are connected by a LAN 90, for example.

In the trial machining using the trial machining unit 204A, trial machining is performed using the combination of the grinding tool (grindstone) 1A and the work material (part) 2A in the machining apparatus 20 using the first condition, NC data d1, As a result, data k1 is obtained. In the trial machining (first condition), it is possible to make a simple test by using a workpiece 2A having a simple shape such as a small size flat plate. The result data k1 is obtained by measuring the machining state and the machining result with the measuring device 4. Note that the result data k1 may be acquired by a device (means) different from the processing device 20 (measurement device 4) or by the user's work. In the trial machining, two or more tests are executed using different grinding specification values (ψ). Thereby, the relationship information 211 for storing in the DB 50 is obtained from the result data k1. The relationship information 211 is information indicating the relationship between, for example, the grinding specification value (ψ) and the grindstone wear volume (M) (in the case of the first method).

In actual machining using the actual machining unit 204B, actual machining is performed based on the second condition, NC data d2, using a combination of a grinding tool (grinding stone) 1B and a work material (part) 2B in the machining apparatus 20. As a result, data k2 is obtained. Similarly, the result data k2 is obtained by the measuring device 4 or the like. In actual machining, the material (type) of the combination of the grinding tool 1B and the work material 2B is the same as the trial machining combination (1A, 2A), and the shape (eg, arc) and size (eg, arc) different from the trial machining are used. A large size) work material 2B can be used, and different machining forms can be obtained. The NC data d2 corresponds to the NC data 52 generated by the processing unit 201.

The result data (k1, k2) in the processing apparatus 20 is input to the CAM system 10 and stored in the DB 50 or the like. Input of the result data (k1, k2) may be performed by automatic communication processing via the I / F unit 203 or the like, or may be input by a user.

In the present embodiment, both the trial machining and the actual machining are executed by the machining apparatus 20. However, the trial machining may be executed by another device (means) as long as necessary data stored in the DB 50 can be obtained. The trial machining can be performed with a simple configuration, since the basic conditions such as the material of the combination can be made the same and a simple test different from the actual machining conditions can be performed.

[Processing unit 201]
The processing flow in the processing unit 201 in FIG. 1 is as follows (S1 and the like represent processing steps). In FIG. 2, as each processing unit corresponding to the processing unit 201 (processing flow) of FIG. 1, a data input unit 11 (corresponding to S1), a condition selecting unit 12 (corresponding to S2), and an arithmetic unit 13 (corresponding to S3 and S4). , NC data setting unit 14 (corresponding to S5) is shown.

(S1) In S1, as data input processing by the data input unit 11, based on the design data 51 from the CAD system 30, design data (data such as target product shape), material data (material of the work material, etc.) Data) and material shape data (data such as the shape of the work material) are input / acquired. Note that the material data and the material shape data may be created by the user (CAM operator) in the CAM system 10.

In S1, data relating to the necessary processing device 20, tool (grinding stone), etc. may be input together (may be input in S2).

(S2) S2 performs a process of selecting (setting) general conditions related to processing (manufacturing) using the input data of S1, as the condition selecting process by the condition selecting unit 12. In particular, a processing site (work material), a grinding tool to be used (grinding stone), processing conditions (here, various conditions regarding the target grinding process (part)), and the like are selected. In S2, some information is selected by user input. The selection of S2 may be input by the user each time, or may be automatically performed using information from the outside or information set in advance. Each piece of information selected in S2 is stored in the storage unit 202 as condition information 53 and used in subsequent calculations.

In S2, a machining mode may be selected as one of the conditions. The machining mode here includes the mode of movement of the tool (grinding stone) according to the shape (flat plate, arc, etc.) of the work material (whether the trajectory of the axis is a straight line or an arc) (described later, FIG. 6 etc. ).

(S3) In S3, for the part (process) in which the tool of the actual processing apparatus 20 is a grindstone, the calculation unit 13 calculates the path of the tool (grindstone) that does not consider wear based on the selection conditions of S2. . In addition, the processing distance (grinding distance) (FIG. 12) of the corresponding tool (grinding stone) from the determined tool (grinding stone) path while the one form of machining is continuing is changed every time the machining form is changed. calculate. In S3, as a premise of calculation, a determination regarding a processing form (difference between straight line / circular arc outer side / circular arc inner side) is included (unnecessary when the processing is up to S2).

(S4) In S4, the processing unit 13 performs grinding wheel processing data correction processing based on the result of S3. That is, referring to the relation information 211 of the DB 50, the grinding wheel at the time of actual machining based on the relation information (ψ, M) of the grinding wheel wear at the time of trial machining and the grinding specification value (ψ) at the actual machining. Calculation to predict the volume (M) of wear and the like is performed. As a result, the machining data including the tool path not considering the pre-correction wear obtained in S3 is corrected so as to include the tool path considering the wear.

(S5) In S5, the NC data setting unit 14 generates an NC program based on the results up to S4, and performs processing for setting the NC data 52. The setting here means that NC data 52 for setting (reflecting) the machining apparatus 20 is generated, temporarily stored in the storage unit 202 and then output to the machining apparatus 20.

(S6) In S6, the processing unit 201 determines whether or not a series of all NC data 52 necessary for processing (control) of the target product has been generated and set. When there is another processing part or process (N), the process returns to S2 and the processes of S2 to S5 are repeated. When the generation and setting of all the NC data 52 is completed (Y), the NC data 52 in the storage unit 202 is output (transferred) to the processing apparatus 20 via the processing of the I / F unit 203 and the LAN 90. The Then, the machining apparatus 20 receives the NC data 52 through the I / F unit 5, and the machining operation is automatically controlled according to the NC data 52. That is, in actual machining, the target portion (work material) 2B is machined into a desired shape based on the design data 51 by the grinding tool (grinding stone) 1B based on the NC data d2.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above processing example, and a partial NC data 52 corresponding only to a part (process) using a grinding tool (grinding stone) may be generated and set in the processing apparatus 20.

[CAM system]
3, the hardware configuration of the CAM system 10 includes a CPU 301, a ROM 302, a RAM 303, a magnetic disk drive 304, a magnetic disk 305, an optical disk drive 306, an optical disk 307, a communication I / F device 308, a printer 309, a keyboard 310, and a mouse 311. , A display 312 and a bus.

2 is realized when the CPU 301 loads data from the magnetic disk 305, the optical disk 307, or the ROM 302 to the RAM 303 and executes program processing. The storage unit 202 is realized by a ROM 302, a RAM 303, a magnetic disk 305, an optical disk 307, and the like and control processing thereof. For example, a part of the magnetic disk 305 stores a program 321 for realizing the CAM function (conventional technology), the function of the processing unit 201, and the like, and each data 322 including the DB 50.

The communication I / F device 308 is a known element that performs processing for data communication with other devices via a communication network (LAN) 90. A mouse 311 and a keyboard 310 are used by a user to input data and instructions. The display 312 and the printer 309 display / print out various data (50 to 52) and user interface information on the screen / paper based on the processing of the trial processing unit 204A and the actual processing unit 204B. The user interface information includes, for example, data information and instruction input / output of each process such as S1, S2, etc., input / output of data stored in the DB 50, and the like. For example, it is possible to set the formula or table of the relationship information 211 by the user.

[Processing equipment]
With reference to FIG. 4, the machining center 20 which is a processing apparatus will be described. The I / F unit 203 (communication I / F device 308) of the CAM system 10 is connected to the I / F unit 5 of the processing device 20 via a communication network (LAN) 90. The I / F unit 5 performs connection / communication processing with a communication network (LAN) 90, receives, stores, and processes NC data 52 from the outside. The processing device 20 automatically operates according to the processing of the NC data 52 received from the CAM system 10. The processing apparatus 20 moves each part including the grinding tool 1 and the cutting tool 3 according to a path based on the NC data 52. The mechanism that operates by processing the NC data 52 in the processing apparatus 20 can be applied with a known technique, and thus the description thereof is omitted.

The processing apparatus 20 includes a grinding tool 1, a cutting tool 3, a measuring device 4, and the like as mechanisms for various processes including grinding, cutting, and measurement. The grinding tool 1 corresponds to 1A and 1B in FIG. In the present embodiment, an object to be subjected to characteristic processing is a grinding process (part) using a grinding tool (grinding stone) 1. Needless to say, machining using the cutting tool 3 can be similarly performed by instructing the NC data 52.

The grinding tool 1 is a tool for grinding a work material (2A, 2B), and is, for example, a cylindrical grindstone. The shape and operation of the grindstone are shown in FIG.

The measuring device 4 provided in the processing device 20 measures dimensions such as a length and a diameter of the grinding tool (grinding stone) 1 in a processing result using the grinding tool (grinding stone) 1 or the like. Similarly, a measuring device for measuring dimensions such as the length and diameter of the work material may be provided. Result data including the result measured by the measuring device 3 is input to and acquired by the CAM system 10. The measurement may be realized by another device or system, and the measurement result may be input to the CAM system 10 or the like.

As another embodiment, a form in which the function of the CAM system 30 (corresponding to the processing unit 201) is integrated with the processing apparatus 20 is also possible. That is, in this embodiment, the NC data including the existing tool path (the path not considering the wear of the grindstone) is converted into the NC data including the path considering the wear of the grindstone by the function (corresponding to the processing unit 201) included in the processing apparatus 20. Correct so that

[processing]
In FIG. 5, a detailed processing example regarding the processing including S3 and S4 in FIG. 1 in the processing unit 201 of the CAM system 10 will be described. As a premise, data (relation information 211) by trial machining is already stored in the DB 50, and this processing is executed to obtain NC data 51 (d2) for actual machining.

(S101) First, in S101, the data input unit 11 and the condition selection unit 12 are used to input / acquire design data 51, condition information 53, and the like. Here, it includes information such as the shape of the work material before processing, the shape of the work material (product) after processing, and the shape of the grinding tool 1 used for processing.

(S102) In S102, the processing unit 201 determines whether the corresponding process in the entire manufacturing process (consisting of a plurality of processes) of the target product is a part in which the tool to be used is a grindstone (grinding tool 1). When the tool is not a grindstone (for example, in the case of a part by the cutting tool 3), this characteristic process (the process of S103 to S105 by the calculation unit 13) is not performed, so the process proceeds to S106, and a general CAM is NC data in S106. The same processing as that for generating is performed.

(S103) In S103, using the calculation unit 13, based on the design data 51 and the condition information 53, a route (basic route, route before correction) that does not consider the wear of the tool (grindstone) in actual machining is used. calculate. In addition, the calculation includes determination of a related machining mode (straight line / arc outer side / arc inner side, etc.) and a machining distance.

(S104) In S104, first, an actual machining grinding specification value ψ (psi) is calculated using the calculation unit 13. ψ is shown in FIG. Further, by using the calculation unit 13, the stored data (relation information 211) of the DB 50 is referred to, and the actual processing grinding wheel wear volume (M) is predicted (calculated) from the actual processing grinding value ψ. Then, the calculation unit 13 is used to convert the resulting volume (M) into a grinding wheel radius reduction amount (W). The relation information 211 of the DB 50 is data necessary for calculating the grinding wheel radius reduction amount (W), and the relationship between the grinding specification value ψ and the grinding wheel wear volume (M) at the time of trial machining is a function or correspondence table format. (For example, exponential functions of ψ and W2 shown in FIG. 11A).

(S105) In S105, the calculation unit 13 is used to determine the tool path (or corresponding diameter) before correction in S103, and the path (or corresponding diameter) in consideration of wear using the result (W) in S104. Correct so that That is, the position of the tool (grinding stone) on the path is corrected so as to approach the work material by the grinding wheel radius reduction amount (W). Note that the path and diameter of the tool (grindstone) related to the NC data 52 can be converted by a simple calculation.

Also, when the route after correction in S105 is determined, the route should be smooth as a whole along the time axis (not to be a stepped route). For the route from one point to the next moving point in the basic route based on the design data 51 (for example, the route corresponding to the point p to q in FIG. 12), the amount of the grinding wheel radius reduction amount (W) is moved. It is distributed in proportion to the distance (processing distance), and is corrected so that a smooth (continuously changing) path is obtained. For example, the route P1 before correction in FIG. 12 becomes the route P2 after correction (in the case of a flat plate).

(S106) In S106, the processing unit 13 is used to generate an NC program corresponding to the corrected machining data including the corrected tool path based on the results up to S105. Then, it is stored as NC data 52 including the generated NC program.

(S107) In S107, the processing unit 201 determines the presence or absence of the next processing site. If there is (N), the processing returns to S101 and repeats the processing in the same manner. If not (Y), the processing ends.

[Grinding value ψ]
Regarding the process of calculating the grinding specification value ψ in S104, the grinding specification value ψ is calculated by the following formulas 1 to 3 according to the processing form:
(1) In the case of straight line machining (first machining mode):
ψ = (v / V) (Δ / 2R) (Formula 1)
(2) In the case of machining outside the arc (second machining mode):
ψ = (v / V) [Δ {(1 / 2R) + (1 / 2r)} (Expression 2)
(3) In the case of machining inside the arc (third machining mode):
ψ = (v / V) [Δ {(1 / 2R) − (1 / 2r)} (Formula 3).

The meaning of the symbols in the above formula will be described with reference to FIG. 6 below.

[Processing form]
FIG. 6 schematically shows various processing modes and conditions. As one of the features of this system, from the trial machining data (relation information 211) in the form of a straight line (flat plate) as shown in FIG. 6A, an arc (outside as shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C) Predict actual machining data in the (/ inner) form.

FIG. 6A shows the case of a flat plate (processing a straight groove) as a first processing form (corresponding to FIG. 7A). 1a shows a grindstone (grinding tool 1) in the shape of a cylinder (or disk or the like). 2a shows a flat plate-shaped work material (processed part). In particular, since this machining mode is used in trial machining, it corresponds to the aforementioned 1A and 2A. The grindstone 1a shown in FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 6C is the same.

6A, R: radius, Δ (delta): cutting depth, V: peripheral speed, v: feed speed (moving speed) as symbols corresponding to Equation 1. While the grindstone 1a having a radius R rotates at a peripheral speed V, a cutting of Δ is given to the work material 2a, and the grindstone 1a moves linearly at a moving speed v.

FIG. 6B shows a case where the outer side of the arc (convex surface) is processed as the second processing form (also corresponds to FIG. 8A). 2b shows a cylindrical work material having a circular arc outside (convex surface) shape. In particular, since this processing form can be used in actual processing, it corresponds to the above-described 1B and 2B.

FIG. 6C shows the case of machining the inside of the arc (concave surface) as the third machining mode. 2c shows the work material of circular arc inner side (concave surface) shape. In particular, since this processing form can be used in actual processing, it corresponds to the above-described 1B and 2B.

In FIG. 6B, r is a radius on the workpiece 2b side. While the grindstone 1a having a radius R rotates at a peripheral speed V, a cutting of Δ is given to the work material 2b having a radius r, and the grindstone 1a moves while drawing an arc locus at a moving speed v. In this state, the center of the cylindrical workpiece 2b coincides with the center of the arc locus of the grindstone 1a. The symbols shown in FIG. 6B correspond to Equation 2.

In FIG. 6 (c), contrary to FIG. 6 (b), a grinding wheel 1a having a radius R is rotated at a peripheral speed V to give a notch of Δ to the work material 2c having an arc-inner shape at a moving speed v. It shows a state of motion while drawing an arc locus. In this state, the center of the arc-shaped work material 2c and the center of the arc locus of the grindstone 1a coincide. The symbol shown in FIG. 6C corresponds to Equation 3.

For brevity, in FIGS. 6B and 6C, the center of the arc-shaped trajectory (path) of the grindstone 1a is coincident with the center of the arc-shaped shape of the

work materials

2b and 2c before grinding. However, it is also possible that the centers of the two do not coincide.

The grinding specification value ψ is a part of an approximate expression for obtaining the thickness of the chip of the work material. In the case of the same grindstone, as ψ increases, the resistance acting on the grindstone increases, and thus the wear of the grindstone tends to increase (FIG. 7B, etc.).

Here, the test (trial processing) is performed several times (at least twice) by changing the conditions (grinding specification value ψ) in the flat plate (straight line) processing form of FIG. Then, the relationship between the grinding specification value ψ and the wear amount of the grindstone 1a can be obtained. Further, the relationship between this ψ and the grinding wheel wear amount can be organized as an exponential function (FIG. 7B, etc.). Therefore, trial machining as in the example of FIG. 6A is performed with a combination of a certain tool (grindstone) 1A and the work material 2A, and an exponential function formula (prediction formula) based on the result data (k1) is obtained. , Stored as relation information 211 in the DB 50. Thereby, in another process (actual process), the wear amount of the grindstone 1a can be predicted using this formula (relation information 211) (S104). In particular, even in the case where the grindstone 1a moves along an arcuate locus (path) as shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, the wear of the grindstone 1a corresponding to ψ calculated from Expression 2 or Expression 3 The amount can be predicted by an equation (relation information 211) obtained by trial processing of the straight line. In the first method, the amount of wear is in the form of volume (M). The format in which the relationship information 211 is stored in the DB 50 may be a format in which the above exponential function formula is converted into a correspondence table.

[Problem (conventional method)]
Here, according to the conventional technique, the above-described method is applied to a heat-resistant alloy represented by Inconel 718 (registered trademark) (FIG. 7, grinding conditions) commercially available from DAIDO-SPECIAL METALS LTD. The value of ψ to be applied to arc-shaped machining is obtained from Equation 2 or Equation 3 based on the experimental equation of the relationship between the grinding specification value ψ and the grinding wheel radius reduction amount W obtained from the flat plate machining data shown in FIG. When an attempt was made to apply a simple substitution method, there were the following problems. Hereinafter, the problems of this conventional method will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 7 (a) shows a case where straight groove processing (trial processing) is performed on the flat work material 2a as shown in FIG. 6 (a) with a cylindrical grindstone 1a. FIG. 7B is a diagram showing the grinding conditions and results (relationship between ψ and W). ψ is according to Equation 1. W is a grinding wheel radius reduction amount (grinding wheel wear radius).

As shown in FIG. 7B, as a grinding condition, a grindstone (grinding tool 1) is a ceramic grindstone having a grain size of 46, a hardness of H, a structure of 10, a size of a radius of 60 mm, and a thickness of 6 mm. Use. Data was obtained under the conditions that the peripheral speed V of the grindstone was 30 m / sec, the feed speed v was 210 to 630 mm / min, and the cutting depth Δ was 0.2 to 6.0 mm. The grinding distance is 70 mm. The work material 2a is an Inconel 718AG material (aging treatment material). Then, the value of the grinding wheel radius reduction amount W [mm] was obtained from the following formula 4 (exponential function), and used as a database.

W = 0.0069e ^0.698ψ (Formula 4)
The grinding wheel radius reduction amount W indicates a reduction amount of the radius R of the grinding wheel 1a due to wear such as a change from FIG. 10 (a) to FIG. 10 (b). Or similarly, the reduction | decrease amount of the radius R of the grindstone 1a like FIG. 12 is shown.

Here, ψ for machining the outer side of the circular arc as shown in FIG. 6B is obtained from Equation 2 and is substituted into Equation 4 to obtain the grinding wheel wear radius (W). Correspondingly, FIG. 8B shows the result when the cylindrical work material 2b is machined with the grindstone 1a and the work material 2b being actually within the grinding conditions shown in FIG. 8A. .

The grindstone 1a used in FIG. 8 is the same ceramic grindstone as used in FIG. The grinding specification (ψ) has a peripheral speed V of 30 m / sec and a feed speed v of 420 mm / min at the contact point between the grindstone 1a and the work material 2b. The work material 2b is the same Inconel 718AG material used in FIG. 7 (2a).

As shown in the result of FIG. 8 (b), the prediction error was as large as 107% when the cutting depth Δ was 2.0 mm, for example. If the tool path is corrected based on this result, the depth of cut will be excessive. Note that [prediction error] = ([prediction value] − [experimental value]) / [experimental value].

As described above, according to the conventional technique, the method of simply predicting the machining data in the case of the arc shape based on the machining data in the case of the flat plate shape has a large prediction error, and an appropriate tool path cannot be corrected.

[Second method]
Next, using FIG. 9 and subsequent figures, the excessive prediction error by the method according to the above-described prior art (FIGS. 7 and 8) is reduced (in other words, the prediction accuracy of the grinding wheel radius reduction amount (W) is improved). The first and second methods of the embodiment will be described. FIG. 9 shows the second method, and FIG. 11 shows the more effective first method.

In FIG. 9, as a second method, the grinding wheel wear radius (W) is calculated using the ratio (L2 / L1) of the contact length (contact arc length) between the grindstone 1a and the work material 2 (2a, 2b). Calculate (predict). As a result, the effect of reducing the prediction error to 18% was obtained as shown in FIG.

9 (a), (1) shows a state in which the grindstone 1a linearly moves and grinds the flat work material 2a as in FIG. 6 (a). On the other hand, (2) shows a state in which the grindstone 1a moves on the outer circumference of the work piece 2b having an arcuate outer shape along a circular locus and is ground as in FIG. 6 (b). The contact arc length L1 between the grindstone 1a and the work material 2a in (1) is longer than the contact length L2 between the grindstone 1a and the work material 2b in (2) (L1> L2). That is, the contact arc lengths (L1, L2) are shorter in the case (L2) outside the arc of (2) than in the case (L1) of the straight line (1).

The contact time of the abrasive grains serving as the cutting edge of the grinding tool (grinding stone) 1 is shorter when (2) grinding the outer circumference of the arc than (1) straight grinding. When grinding a material with good machinability (work material 2), the contact arc length (L1, L2) has little influence on the radius reduction (W) due to wear of the grindstone 1, but it is difficult to cut When a Ni-based heat-resistant alloy is ground as in Inconel 718, the contact arc length (L1, L2) between the work material 2 and the grindstone 1 is considered to greatly affect the abrasive wear.

Therefore, as the second method, the above-mentioned contact arc length ratio (L2 / L1) is introduced to the formula for calculating the grinding wheel wear radius (W) based on the above-described conventional method (FIGS. 7 and 8) ( The grinding wheel wear radius (referred to as W1) corrected by the contact arc length ratio is calculated by the following formula 5.

W1 = (L2 / L1) W (Expression 5)
FIG. 9B shows the result of W1 (relationship between Δ and W1). In the second method, by introducing the above ratio, the prediction error is greatly reduced from 107% (conventional) to 18% at a position where the cutting depth Δ is 2.0 mm, for example. That is, it was possible to reduce the conventional excessive prediction error and to improve the prediction accuracy of the grinding wheel radius reduction amount (W).

[First method]
Although the above-mentioned second method has a great improvement effect, it still has a prediction error of 18%. A first method for further reducing the prediction error will be described below with reference to FIG. The first method is a method that includes the contact arc length ratio (L2 / L1) of the second method as an element, and is a method of calculating (predicting) using the grinding wheel reduction volume (M). By the first method, as shown in FIG. 11, the effect of further reducing the prediction error to 8% was obtained. In contrast to the conventional grinding wheel wear radius W and the grinding wheel wear radius W1 corrected by the second system, the first system represents the grinding wheel wear volume M and the grinding wheel wear radius W2 by correction.

[Radius R, grinding wheel wear radius W]
First, FIGS. 10A to 10D show the influence of the radius (R) of the grindstone used on the grinding wheel radius reduction amount (W). Each symbol is the same as in FIG. The grindstone 1a of (a) is the same cylindrical shape as described above, and has a radius R1. A point pq indicates a surface (line) when the work material 2a (flat plate) is ground with a cutting depth Δ, and indicates a corresponding machining distance. The grindstone 1a rotates at a peripheral speed V, performs a linear motion with a cutting depth Δ with respect to the work material 2a at a moving speed v, and tries to remove the portion pq.

(B) is the processing result of (a). The grindstone 1a 'in (b) shows a state after being ground by the grindstone 1a in (a), and the grindstone 1a is worn during the grinding process. is doing. ε (ε1) represents the uncut thickness (error) due to the influence of wear. P indicates a path of movement of the grindstone 1a.

(C) is the same arrangement as (a), but the grindstone 1a of (c) has a radius R3 smaller than the radius R1 of the grindstone 1a of (a) (R1> R3).

(D) shows the position (state) where grinding was started with the arrangement of (c) similar to (a) with the grindstone 1a of (c), and grinding was completed in the same manner as (b). The radius R4 of the grindstone 1a 'in (d) is reduced from the radius R3 of the grindstone 1a in (c). The error is ε2, which is larger than ε1 (ε1 <ε2).

As described above, when removing (grinding) the same portion of the work material, the amount of radius reduction increases and the uncut material (ε) also increases when a grindstone having a small radius R is used. This is because the number of abrasive grains existing on the working surface of the grindstone (the surface on which grinding is performed) is smaller in the grindstone having a smaller radius R, so the length of one abrasive grain in contact with the work material. This is because the wear of the grindstone increases.

Therefore, DB50 data (relation information 211) used for predicting the magnitude of grinding wheel wear is not the grinding wheel radius reduction amount (conventional W) with respect to the grinding specification value ψ, but the grinding wheel volume reduction amount (M). Is more appropriate. Since the volume of the work material that can be removed before one abrasive grain becomes ungrindable is the same, if the removal volume of the work material is the same, the volume that the grindstone is reduced is the same regardless of the radius of the grindstone. Can be estimated.

[Whetstone wear volume M]
11A and 11B show the first method. FIG. 11A shows a diagram in which the relationship (diagram) between ψ and W according to the conventional method shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is converted into the relationship between ψ and the grinding wheel reduction volume M. FIG. ψ is the same value as described above, and M is the volume reduction amount ([mm ³ / mm]) per unit width of the grindstone.

From the diagram of FIG. 11 (a), the approximate expression shown in Equation 6 below can be obtained. W2 represents the grinding wheel reduction radius W corrected based on the grinding wheel reduction volume M.

W2 = 2.587e ^0.699ψ (Formula 6)
FIG. 11 (b) is a diagram showing the grinding wheel radius reduction amount W2 calculated from the grinding wheel reduction volume M using Equation 6 above and compared with the experimental value of FIG. 9 (b). As a result, as shown in FIG. 11B, the prediction of the grinding wheel wear radius could be realized with a prediction error of 8% or less. The error could be further reduced with respect to the second method.

In the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 5 and the like, the relationship information 211 indicating the relationship between ψ and M is applied as data stored in the DB 50 (grinding wheel wear volume DB), and the relationship information 211 is referred to in S4 (S104). The wheel wear radius W (W2) is predicted (calculated). Based on the first method as described above, even in the grinding (actual processing) of the curved surface (arc) as shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, the grinding wheel wears with a small prediction error as shown in FIG. A radius (W2) can be obtained and the corresponding tool path (or tool radius) data can be corrected. The configuration of the CAM system 10 or the like using the first method generates and outputs a tool path that is accurately corrected in consideration of the wear of the tool (grinding stone) 1, suitably controls the grinding operation of the processing apparatus 20, Quality processed products can be obtained.

[Route etc.]
FIG. 12 shows a tool path before and after correction, a machining distance, a tool radius correction amount, and the like as a supplement to the present embodiment. Basically, paths P (P1, P2) corresponding to FIGS. 10A and 10B are shown. From the state before machining the work material 2a (flat plate) in FIG. 10 (a), before the grinding wheel 1a is worn (radius R1), after machining in FIG. 10 (b), after the grinding wheel 1a is worn (radius R2). To respond to changes. For the sake of simplicity, a case of processing a flat plate (straight line) is shown.

P1 is a path (path before correction) (from point a to point b) that does not consider the wear of the grindstone 1a, corresponding to the change from FIG. 10 (a) to (b). As shown in FIG. 10B, the work material 2a cannot obtain an ideal depth of cut Δ, resulting in uncut material (ε1). Here, the radius reduction amount (difference: R1-R2) is indicated by X.

P2 is a path (corrected path) (from point a to point c) in consideration of wear (R1 → R2) of the grindstone 1a according to the present embodiment (first method). The position of the grindstone 1a is moved closer to the work material 2a by the radius reduction amount X of the grindstone 1a. The work material 2a has an ideal depth of cut Δ. The radius reduction amount X corresponds to the correction amount of the tool diameter corresponding to the correction (P1 → P2) of the path.

In the concept of correction of machining data (NC data 52), the correction target is the same for the path or the diameter. The correction of the path from P1 to P2 is based on the grinding wheel diameter (R). Based on the basic path such as P1, the reduction amount X from the radius R1 to R2 is used as the tool radius correction amount. This corresponds to correcting the position of the central axis of the grindstone (point a, etc.) toward the work material side (lower side in FIG. 12) with the decrease amount at each time point. As a result, in the case of straight line processing, the path becomes P2. In the case of arc processing, a curved path is obtained.

[Effects]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, (1) it is possible to relax the constraint that the conditions of trial machining and actual machining are the same, and to reduce costs, etc. (2) degree of product design change Therefore, the cost and time can be reduced, and (3) it is not necessary to reduce the tool (grindstone) more than necessary, and the cost can be reduced.

Especially, the grinding wheel wear amount (radius W) at the time of actual machining is calculated (predicted) from the DB50 data obtained by trial machining (simple test), and used to correct the tool path (or diameter). Therefore, the man-hours and materials necessary for the conventional method in which the correction data needs to be acquired under the same conditions as the actual machining become unnecessary.

In addition, even when manufacturing large-size products that are difficult to test, a path corrected in consideration of wear of the grinding wheel can be obtained without grinding the actual size test piece, so the preparation time for starting the process can be reduced. Can be greatly shortened.

Furthermore, the function of grinding wheel wear compensation (tool path compensation) is automatically realized. Therefore, as in the prior art example, the operation of the processing device is temporarily stopped during grinding, and the grinding wheel is formed, or the grinding wheel wear amount is measured by measuring the dimensions of the grinding wheel and work material. There is no need for data correction work, etc., reducing labor and reducing the processing efficiency.

As mentioned above, the invention made by the present inventor has been specifically described based on the embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Needless to say.

The present invention can be used for a system such as a CAM, NC, or a processing apparatus for grinding.

Claims

A tool path calculation device for performing information processing for generating NC data including a path of the tool for controlling an operation of a processing apparatus including a tool for grinding a work material,
It has a processing unit that calculates a path that takes into account wear that occurs in the tool during grinding,
The processor is
About the combination of work material and tool,
(1) Based on the data of the result of performing the first grinding process under the first condition on the work material having the first shape and size, the grinding specification value and the tool wear amount of the first grinding process, Processing to store the data including the related information in the database,
(2) When generating NC data for performing the second grinding process under the second condition for the work material having the second shape and size, grinding specification values of the second grinding process, Based on the relation information of the database, a process of calculating the amount of tool wear of the second grinding process,
(3) For the path not considering the wear of the tool of the second grinding process, the calculated tool wear amount of the second grinding process is reflected to correct the machining error due to the tool wear amount. A tool path calculation device that calculates a path or a diameter of the tool and generates NC data according to machining data including the corrected path or diameter.
In the tool path calculation device according to claim 1,
The amount of tool wear is the amount by which the volume of the cylindrical tool is reduced,
The relationship information is information indicating a relationship between the grinding specification value and the tool volume reduction amount,
In the second grinding process, the processing unit calculates a tool volume reduction amount according to a grinding distance, converts the tool volume reduction amount to a tool radius reduction amount, and converts the tool volume reduction amount according to the tool radius reduction amount. A tool path calculating device, wherein a tool path or a diameter is corrected.
In the tool path calculation device according to claim 1,
The amount of tool wear is the amount by which the radius of the cylindrical tool is reduced,
The relationship information is information indicating a relationship between the grinding specification value and the tool radius reduction amount,
In the second grinding process, the processing unit calculates a tool radius reduction amount according to a grinding distance, and the first grinding tool and the first work are calculated with respect to the tool radius reduction amount. The corrected tool radius reduction amount is obtained by multiplying the ratio of the contact arc length with the agent and the contact arc length between the second grinding tool and the second work material, and the corrected tool A tool path calculation device, wherein the tool path or the diameter is corrected according to a radius reduction amount.
In the tool path calculation device according to claim 1,
The first grinding process is a simple test of two or more times with different grinding specification values, the first work material has a flat plate shape, and linear groove processing is performed on the flat plate. A tool path calculation device.
In the tool path calculation device according to claim 1,
In the second grinding process, the second work material has a shape having a curved surface on the outer side of an arc, and performs machining in an arc-shaped path with respect to the curved surface.
In the tool path calculation device according to claim 1,
In the second grinding process, the second work material has a shape having a curved surface on the inner side of an arc, and machining is performed in an arc-shaped path with respect to the curved surface.
In the tool path calculation device according to claim 1,
The relation information stored in the database is data representing a relation between the grinding specification value and the tool wear amount in the form of a function or a correspondence table.
In the tool path calculation device according to claim 1,
When calculating the path or diameter of the tool corrected so as to cancel the machining error due to the amount of tool wear, the processing unit changes from the first point to the second point in the path not considering the wear of the tool. A tool path calculation device, wherein a tool radius reduction amount corresponding to the tool wear amount is proportionally distributed for each time point to correct a smooth path at a machining distance.
A tool path calculation method that uses a computer to perform information processing for generating NC data including a path of the tool for controlling the operation of a processing apparatus including a tool for grinding a workpiece.
In the process to realize the function to calculate the path considering the wear that occurs in the tool during grinding,
About the combination of work material and tool,
(1) Based on the data of the result of performing the first grinding process under the first condition on the work material having the first shape and size, the grinding specification value and the tool wear amount of the first grinding process, A first processing step of storing data including the relationship information in a database;
(2) When generating NC data for performing the second grinding process under the second condition for the work material having the second shape and size, grinding specification values of the second grinding process, A second processing step of calculating a tool wear amount of the second grinding process based on the relation information of the database;
(3) For the path not considering the wear of the tool of the second grinding process, the calculated tool wear amount of the second grinding process is reflected to correct the machining error due to the tool wear amount. And a third processing step of generating NC data corresponding to the machining data including the corrected path or diameter, and calculating a path or diameter of the tool.
In the tool path calculation method according to claim 9,
In the process of realizing the function of calculating the path in consideration of wear generated in the tool during the grinding,
A processing step of inputting design data relating to the grinding process;
A processing step of selecting conditions relating to the grinding process;
The first processing step of performing the first grinding process;
The second processing step for performing the second grinding process;
The third processing step for performing the second grinding process;
A processing step of setting the NC data generated in the third processing step and outputting the NC data to the processing apparatus in order to perform the second grinding process;
A tool path calculation method characterized by comprising:
A processing apparatus comprising a tool for grinding a work material,
A processing unit that performs information processing for generating NC data including a path of the tool for controlling the operation of the machining apparatus;
The processing unit has a function of calculating a path in consideration of wear generated in the tool during grinding,
The processing unit is a combination of a work material and a tool,
(1) Based on the data of the result of performing the first grinding process under the first condition on the work material having the first shape and size, the grinding specification value and the tool wear amount of the first grinding process, Processing to store the data including the related information in the database,
(2) When generating NC data for performing the second grinding process under the second condition for the work material having the second shape and size, grinding specification values of the second grinding process, Based on the relation information of the database, a process of calculating the amount of tool wear of the second grinding process,
(3) For the path not considering the wear of the tool of the second grinding process, the calculated tool wear amount of the second grinding process is reflected to correct the machining error due to the tool wear amount. And a process of generating NC data corresponding to the machining data including the corrected path or diameter of the tool and calculating the path or diameter of the tool.