Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
  • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
  • H01F29/025—Constructional details of transformers or reactors with tapping on coil or windings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
  • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
  • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
  • H01F27/2847—Sheets; Strips
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F29/00—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00
  • H01F29/02—Variable transformers or inductances not covered by group H01F21/00 with tappings on coil or winding; with provision for rearrangement or interconnection of windings
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
  • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
  • H01F2027/348—Preventing eddy currents
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
  • H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
  • H01F27/2871—Pancake coils
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
  • H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
  • H01F27/34—Special means for preventing or reducing unwanted electric or magnetic effects, e.g. no-load losses, reactive currents, harmonics, oscillations, leakage fields
  • H01F27/346—Preventing or reducing leakage fields

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a dry-type transformer comprising a winding with a tapping zone, with reduced losses in said winding.
• Dry-type transformers for high voltage classes have been widely used in recent years in a number of utility and industrial installations because of their high reliability. Some of these dry-type transformers require the use of high voltages, high rated powers and a high regulating range, which lead to heating and hot-spot problems related to eddy and DC (or ohmic) losses in the windings of the transformer, These eddy currents are induced by the magnetic flux generated by the current flowing through the winding, and they depend mainly on the module and direction of the magnetic flux: generally, it can be said that the more radial the magnetic flux, the higher the losses.
• a regulation winding is employed to decrease hot spots created by the eddy currents along the winding; however, such a regulation winding may not be a suitable or appropiate solution for a dry-type transformer, since, because of its air-cooling system, it would require adding a very large and expensive regulation coil to the dry-type transformer.
• the present invention aims to provide a dry-type transformer which solves at least partly the above drawbacks, by reducing the losses due to eddy currents, at least in the more problematic operating positions of the tap changer.
• the invention provides a dry-type transformer comprising a winding with a tapping zone, the tapping zone being the zone wherein at least two connections can be made, allowing to change the number of turns of the winding and thus change the turn ratio of the transformer, and with at least a first non-tapping zone, wherein the winding comprises a conductor having, in at least part of the tapping zone, a first width in the axial direction of the winding, and having, in at least part of the first non-tapping zone, a second width in the axial direction of the winding, the first width being smaller than the second width.
• the use of a conductor having such a smaller width in the tapping zone reduces the axial length of this zone, and in particular reduces the gap of unused turns in the lower position of the tap changer of the transformer, i.e. the position in which the winding has a smaller number of turns.
• This reduction in the gap brings about a more axial magnetic flux, reducing the radial component thereof; as a consequence of this change in the magnetic flux, the eddy currents and corresponding losses caused by the radial magnetic flux in those non-tapping zones of the windings that are adjacent to the tapping zone are reduced.
• Figure 1 depicts schematically a dry-type transformer comprising a high voltage winding and a low voltage winding, according to an embodiment of the present invention
• Figure 2 depicts schematically the conductors of a high voltage winding of a dry-type transformer, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
• Figure 1 shows schematically a dry-type transformer according to an embodiment of the present invention. More particularly, it shows schematically the arrangement of the windings of a transformer, according to a partial section taken along a plane that contains the axis of the windings.
• Dry type transformers may be of the type wherein the transformer is designed to operate with a certain rated current flowing through the high voltage (HV) winding. Therefore, substantially the same current flows through all the conductors forming the winding, even if the winding may comprise several conductors in series with different physical features.
• HV high voltage
• the transformer may comprise an HV winding 100 and a low voltage (LV) winding 200 inductively coupled with the HV winding, each winding comprising a conductor, and both windings being displayed in the figure in a usual arrangement wherein the LV winding is mounted coaxially inside the HV winding;
• the HV winding 100 may comprise a tapping zone 1 10, two non- tapping zones 120, and a tap-changer (not shown) which allows changing the turn ratio of the windings, in order to change the transforming relation of the dry type transformer.
• the tap-changer may comprise two connectors (not shown) which are connectable at different points of the conductor along the tapping zone 1 10 of the HV winding 100, so as to exclude a plurality of turns of the HV winding, thus enabling a change in the turn ratio of the transformer.
• the conductor forming the HV winding may be formed by, for example, a plurality of conducting parts connected to each other by welding or using a connecting part, such as, for example, a non-conducting part engaging both conducting parts together to allow a suitable current flow through them.
• the HV winding 100 may be formed by two sub-winding structures 101 , 102, connected to each other at an intermediate point 1 1 1 of the tapping zone 1 10.
• other embodiments may comprise a HV winding in a single structure, or more than two sub-winding structures, depending on the physical structure of the windings used to configure the transformer.
• Figure 2 shows schematically a portion of the HV winding of a transformer, according to a section taken along a plane that contains the axis (A) of the windings.
• the conductor forming the HV winding 100 may be shaped as a strip 300 having a width w, which may be arranged forming a plurality of spiral-shaped "disks" 10, the strip-shaped conductor having within each disk a uniform width in the axial direction of the winding.
• the disks may be interconnected with each other, and the spiral in each disk may have an inner strip end 301 and an outer strip end 302.
• Each spiral- shaped disk 10 may be connected with the adjacent ones by means of a suitable electric coupling 303 connecting the outer strip end 302 of each disk to the inner strip end 301 of the following disk in such a way that the disks are connected in series forming the winding 100.
• Figure 2 shows four of such disks 10 connected to each other.
• At least a portion 1 12 of the disks 10a in the tapping zone 1 10 may be configured in such a way that they comprise a strip- shaped conductor having a smaller width w a , in the axial direction of the winding (direction x), than the width w b of the strip-shaped conductor of the disks 10b of the non-tapping zone 120.
• the portion of the disks 10a having a conductor with such a width w a is shown with reference 1 12 in figure 1
• the portion of the disks 10b having a conductor with such a width w b are shown with reference 1 14 in figure 1 .
• the axial length of the tapping zone is reduced, thus reducing the gap of unused turns when the tap-changer works at a low range, i.e. the position in which the winding has a lower number of turns.
• This reduction allows to reduce the losses related to the eddy currents caused by the radial magnetic flux in those non-tapping zones 120 of the windings adjacent to the tapping zone 1 10.
• the disks 10a of the tapping zone 1 10 may have a conductor with a width w a in the axial direction of the HV winding 100 which may be between 40% and 80% of the width w b of the disks of the non-tapping zone 120, and may preferably be approximately 60% of the width of the disks of the non-tapping zone 120.
• the conductors of the disks 10a, 10c of the tapping zone 1 10 are made of a material with a higher conductivity than the materials used on the disks 10b, 10d of the non-tapping zones 120.
• the disks 10a, 10c of the tapping zone 1 10 may be made of copper, and the disks 10b, 10d of the non-tapping zones 120 may be made of Aluminum.
• the conductor of a portion of the disks 10c at the ends of the tapping zone 1 10 adjacent to the non-tapping zones 120 may have a width w c higher than w a .
• This relatively higher width allows to reduce the DC or ohmic losses in the disks 10c, in order to compensate the overall losses, which also comprise eddy losses, in the disks 10c, when the transformer is working at a high range in the tap changer.
• the portion of the disks 10c having a conductor with such a width w c is shown with reference 1 13 in figure 1 (in the example, only one disk 10c in each winding structure is shown).
• the conductor of a portion of the disks 10d at the ends of the non-tapping zones 120 remote from the tapping zone 1 may also have a width w d bigger than w b .
• a reduction of DC or ohmic losses is achieved in said disks 10d, in order to compensate the eddy losses caused by the radial magnetic flux in the ends of the non-tapping zones remote from the tapping zone.
• the portion of the disks 10d having such a width w d is shown with reference 1 15 in figure 1 (in the example, only one disk 10d in each winding structure is shown). It will be noted that each of the above features regarding the width and material of the conductor may be implemented in a dry-type transformer independently from each other, since each provides an effect that is not dependent on the others, although the combined effects may be advantageous.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Power Engineering (AREA)
• Coils Of Transformers For General Uses (AREA)
• Golf Clubs (AREA)
• Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)

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• 2011
  • 2011-08-30 ES ES11179279.2T patent/ES2685076T3/es active Active
  • 2011-08-30 EP EP11179279.2A patent/EP2565881B1/en active Active
• 2012
  • 2012-08-27 CN CN201280041746.6A patent/CN103765534B/zh active Active
  • 2012-08-27 KR KR1020147008504A patent/KR101990655B1/ko active Active
  • 2012-08-27 BR BR112014004664-6A patent/BR112014004664B1/pt active IP Right Grant
  • 2012-08-27 WO PCT/EP2012/066568 patent/WO2013030139A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2012-08-27 IN IN2218CHN2014 patent/IN2014CN02218A/en unknown
  • 2012-08-27 US US14/241,856 patent/US9147520B2/en active Active
  • 2012-08-27 RU RU2014112195/07A patent/RU2599728C2/ru active

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