WO2013023720A1

WO2013023720A1 - Method for laying and connecting building panels and locking device for building panels

Info

Publication number: WO2013023720A1
Application number: PCT/EP2012/002779
Authority: WO
Inventors: Richard Schwitte; Daniel Bieber; Stephan ELBERS; Burkhard Strotmann; Matthias Wolf
Original assignee: Hülsta-Werke Hüls Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date: 2011-08-12
Filing date: 2012-07-02
Publication date: 2013-02-21
Also published as: DE102011110071B4; DE102011110071A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for laying and connecting building panels (2, 3, 32), in particular floor, wall or ceiling panels, using a locking device (1) with a tongue and groove joint between adjacent building panels (2, 3, 32), a groove (8) being provided on a first edge (4) of a first building panel (2) and a tongue (9) corresponding to said groove (8) being provided on an opposite-lying second edge (5) of a second building panel (2, 3, 32). In order to enable the building panels to be easily joined, according to the invention the first building panel (2, 3, 32) having the groove (8) is initially lowered vertically from above the second building panel (2, 3, 32), which lies on the subsurface, there being an overlapping in the common edge region (4, 5), and at least one building panel (2, 3, 32) is displaced in the longitudinal direction (L) of the edges after the vertical lowering, so that the building panels (2, 3, 32) are subsequently locked vertically and/or horizontally.

Description

Method for laying and connecting building panels Locking device for building panels

The invention relates to a method for laying and connecting building panels, in particular floor, wall or ceiling panels, with a tongue and groove connection locking device between adjacent building panels, wherein at a first edge of a first building panel a groove and at the opposite second Edge of a second building plate is provided a groove corresponding to the tongue. Furthermore, the invention relates to a locking device for building panels, in particular floor, wall or ceiling panels, wherein at a first edge of a first building panel, a groove and the opposite second edge of a second building panel is provided a groove corresponding to the tongue and wherein the groove has an upper groove legs and a lower groove leg.

At present, various systems of edge geometries are known for floorboards designed as building panels, which is based on locking the longitudinal edge of the head in the longitudinal direction usually by push-button systems or snap locks. In push button systems, a pressure point must be overcome, which opposes only low holding forces against the release of the compounds. In the case of snap connections, the floorboard that has already been attached to one edge must be inserted laterally at an angle into the connection of already laid floorboards and then swung down to be joined at the other edge. This shifting means for the publisher uncomfortable work with additional necessary tools.

Other known systems have an additional component which allows joining of planks. The disadvantage of such systems on the one hand, the additional required component, which causes additional costs and on the other hand, a reduced fit due to adding tolerances of the various components.

BECTATIGt * "S * CÖPie A method of the generic type and a related locking device are already apparent from DE 101 59 284 B4. The known locking device has recesses on the groove side, while locking projections are provided on the spring side. The recesses allow insertion into the projections, so that in principle results in a joint connection. Subsequently, the floor panels are moved relative to each other in the known method, so that the locking projections leave the area of the respective recess and results in a bayonet-type connection.

A disadvantage of the known locking device is that the recesses in the edge region for the publisher are not readily apparent, since they are located at the front end in the lower region of the upper groove leg. Due to this concealed arrangement, it sometimes takes a certain time until the publisher has pushed the projections in the recesses of the upper groove legs. In addition, the insertion of the spring into the groove requires a corresponding space requirement, which corresponds at least to the depth of the joint. In some applications, however, extremely little space is available, so that the joining of two known panels causes difficulties.

Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a method and a locking device of the type mentioned in order to allow easy assembly of the components even in a small footprint.

The above object is achieved in a first alternative of the method according to the invention that the groove having first building plate is initially lowered in the common edge region of above the resting on the ground second building panel in the vertical direction and that at least one building panel after the vertical lowering laterally, ie in the longitudinal direction of the edge, is displaced, so that then results in a locking of the building panels in the vertical direction. Constructively, the locking device mentioned above is realized in that the spring at least one spring interruption and at least one spring portion and the lower groove leg have at least one Nutunterbrechung and at least one Nutschenkelabschnitt, so that the first building panel by vertically passing the Nutschenkelabschnitts by the spring interruption from above to the second Building plate can be attached and the building panels by lateral displacement, ie moving in the longitudinal direction of the edge, at least one of the building panels with simultaneous, at least partial overlap of a spring portion with a Nutschenkelabschnitt are lockable. The locking takes place at least in the vertical direction, preferably in the horizontal direction.

In the invention, it is such that the joining of two adjacent building panels is made possible by the fact that short sections of the existing geometry are removed on the two sides to be joined, so that a toothed geometry arises on both sides. The arrangement of the interruptions or recesses is coordinated so that the geometry alone does not enter into each other when nesting the building panels, but only when moving one of the building panels in the direction of the later position, a lock occurs. Ultimately, it is in the invention so that can be completely dispensed with the necessary in the prior art joining space for joining, for example, two top edges, since in the invention, a supply in the joining region from above is possible. As a result, a very simple and space-saving joining of adjacent building panels is possible in the invention.

By means of the invention, however, not only is it possible to lock adjacent building panels in the vertical but also in the horizontal direction. Structurally, it is provided in this connection that locking means for locking the building panels in the horizontal direction are provided on the first and on the second edge of building panels to be connected to each other and that at least one corresponding interruption and at least one corresponding section are respectively provided on the locking means, so that the building panels by lateral displacement, so moving in the longitudinal direction of the edge, at least one of the building panels in the horizontal direction can be locked. Ultimately The sections and interruptions of the locking means on the first and second edges correspond in dimension to the aforementioned portions of the tongue and groove leg, and the breaks of the spring and groove legs, so that in the joining of adjacent building panels, ultimately, both vertical and vertical in the horizontal direction results in a lock or a positive connection.

In a preferred embodiment, a downwardly projecting locking cam portion of a locking cam is provided at the first edge outside the groove and below the lower groove leg, while at the second edge below the spring portion a spring separate upwardly projecting locking projection portion of a locking projection for cooperating with the Locking cam portion is provided. The aforesaid embodiment with the spring projection separate from the spring or the individual locking projection section (s) has the advantage that the horizontal and the vertical locking function are decoupled and taken over by different elements.

In connection with the aforementioned embodiment, it has proved expedient both in terms of manufacturing technology and from the perspective of the publisher that the locking cam is set back relative to the end face of the upper groove leg of the first edge and / or the groove bottom, while the end face opposite the end face of the first edge the second edge and / or the spring end against the locking projection is set back. In this way, an oblique edge geometry results at both edges, which, as stated above, has a favorable effect on the edge processing and incidentally shows the publisher immediately at which point the joining of adjacent building panels has to take place.

Instead of dividing the locking functions in the vertical and horizontal directions to different, separate elements, it is also possible in principle, that at the first edge within the groove on the upper and / or lower Nutschenkelabschnitt a locking projection portion which may be formed by a further groove provided is while at the second edge on the spring portion a projecting locking cam portion for cooperation with the locking projection portion is provided. In this case, then concentrate the individual locking means on the spring or the or the spring sections and the groove or the individual groove sections.

In order to minimize the lateral displacement when joining adjacent building panels, it is advisable to provide a plurality of spring sections and / or groove leg sections and / or locking cam sections and / or locking projection sections. The individual sections can each have a length in the longitudinal direction of the edge of greater than 0.5 cm, each individual value greater than 0.5 cm is possible. The length of the individual sections is preferably between 0.5 and 2.0 cm. By the length of the individual sections or the length in the longitudinal direction of the edge of the individual interruptions, the displacement path for locking the respective edge is defined in a plurality of sections and interruptions. Depending on the application, therefore, the lock can be adapted to the width or the length of the building panel.

Furthermore, it is particularly advantageous if the spring section and the groove leg section and / or the locking cam section and the locking projection section in the joined, locked state overlap each other at least substantially completely. In the assembled state then there is an optimal lock. Incidentally, in this context, the length of the spring section (in the edge longitudinal direction) of the length of the groove interruption and the length of the Nutschenkelabschnitts the length of the spring interruption should at least substantially correspond. In the same way, this applies to the length of the locking cam portion and the locking projection portion with respect to the related interruptions.

Ultimately, in the embodiment according to the invention, it is preferably such that the spring sections and the locking projection sections are arranged one above the other in the region of the second edge and separated from adjacent sections by the interruptions arranged therebetween are, with the interruptions in the vertical direction merge into each other. In the same way, this applies to the Nutschenkelabschnitte and the locking cam sections.

In order to prevent inadvertent displacement of joined building panels and to ensure a play-free arrangement, the distance of the end face of the upper groove leg of the first edge to contact point / stop surface of the locking cam portion at least substantially equal to the distance of the end face opposite end face of the second edge to the contact point / stop surface of the locking protrusion section.

In addition, it can be provided that the clear distance of the groove legs and thus the groove height of the thickness of the spring corresponds at least substantially. In this way, a displacement of the building panels in the vertical direction can be prevented without play.

With regard to the division of the locking functions in the vertical and horizontal directions to different elements is additionally provided that adjoins the locking cam portion, a lower contact surface and that adjoins the locking projection section, an upper contact surface, wherein the distance between the lower contact surface to the groove surface of the lower groove leg the distance of the upper contact surface to the lower spring surface at least substantially corresponds. This design ensures that a closed surface of the building panels in the upper gap area can be guaranteed.

The inventive design of the locking device can be realized both on the head and on the longitudinal edges and the rest both on the top and longitudinal edges of the building panels.

Especially when the locking device according to the invention is provided on the longitudinal sides of a building panel, it is possible to relocate the plates without a building plate would have to be tilted during installation. Thus, an embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that a number of building panels connected to one another by their head sides are provided with their rem longitudinal edge region in the longitudinal edge region of a series already laid building panels from above or in the plane of the already laid building panels inserted transversely to the longitudinal side and then moved in the direction of the long side, so that then results in a locking of the building panels in the horizontal direction.

Prerequisite for the joining of a series of building panels is that the individual building panels are already connected to each other at their top ends. This can be done via conventional joint connections or else via a locking device according to the invention. Then the series is then applied to the already laid building panels and locked by a corresponding displacement bayonet-like.

Incidentally, it is such that the locking device according to the invention can be produced at both edges in a simple manner. Thus, the lower groove leg portions and the locking cam portions at the first edge and the spring portions and the Verriegelungsvorsprungs- sections at the second edge are each in alignment. The interruptions between the individual sections of the first and the second edge can each be produced with a rotating milling tool in one step, which realizes a circular path-shaped recess or interruption. In order to ensure the functionality of the edge geometry, it has been found that there is a geometric relationship between the thickness or thickness of the building panel on the one hand and the length of the geometry according to the invention. It is essential in particular that the upper groove leg may not be damaged on its front side during processing. The geometry length of the respective edge has an influence on the milling tool to be used, so that there is a further relationship between the thickness of the building panel and the tool diameter.

For the inventive geometry of the edges, this relationship is between the radius of the milling tool, which ultimately corresponds to the radius of the relevant milling surface at the edge, and the thickness of the building plate in a ratio R: D between 2.5: 1 to 3.5: 1, preferably between 2.8: 1 to 3.4: 1 and in particular between 2.9: 1 to 3.33: 1.

It has been found that for the following thickness of the building panel the tool diameter should be as follows:

It is understood that each individual value is possible for itself.

Incidentally, in connection with the above-mentioned table, it should be pointed out that, although it is fundamentally possible to produce milling tools with the resulting tool diameter, it is more expedient and less expensive to resort to common diameters of milling tools which are indicated in the right-hand column.

Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a building panel or a building plate arrangement comprising several building panels, wherein each of the building panels is formed with a profiling on its top and / or longitudinal sides, so that the above-described locking arrangement can be realized between adjacent building panels.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be explained with reference to the drawing. All features described or illustrated in the figures, alone or in any combination with each other, constitute the subject matter of the present invention, regardless of their combination in the claims or the description. It shows:

1 is a side view of a locking device according to the invention in the assembled state,

a view of the locking device in the unfixed state,

a perspective view of a portion of a first edge of a first building panel,

a perspective view of a portion of a second edge of a second building panel,

a perspective view of another embodiment of a locking device according to the invention,

Representations of individual steps of laying inventive building panels,

Representations of various steps of laying other building panels according to the invention,

Representations of various steps of the installation of building panels according to FIGS. 6 to 1 1 in a different installation variant,

Representations of various steps of laying building panels according to the laying variant of FIGS. 17 to 22, perspective view of a further embodiment of a building panel according to the invention,

another perspective view of the building panel of FIG. 29 and Fig. 31 stacked building panels corresponding to FIG. 29th

1 and 2, a locking device 1 between a first building panel 2 and a second building panel 3 is shown. The locking device 1 ultimately represents a predetermined geometry at a first edge 4 of the first building panel 2 and a second edge 5 of the second building panel 3.

It should be pointed out that each building panel 2, 3 has the locking device 1 as such on opposite sides, since the edge geometry of the second edge 5 is likewise realized on the side of the first building panel 2 opposite the first edge 4. In the same way, the edge geometry of the first edge 4 of the second building panel 3 is realized on the opposite side of the second edge 5.

Incidentally, it is so, and this is shown in FIGS. 6 et seq., That each of the building panels 2, 3 has a rectangular plate body with longitudinal sides 6 and head sides 7. It is such that the opposite longitudinal sides 6 and the opposing head sides 7 each have a mutually corresponding, complementary contouring, as shown for example in FIGS. 1 and 2.

Incidentally, it should be noted that the geometry shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, the edge 4 can be realized both on a longitudinal or at a top edge 6, 7 or at both edges 6, 7.

The plate body, the core of which may consist of a wood material such as wood fibers, for example, usually has an elongated rectangular shape. The building panels 2, 3 as such may be floor, wall and / or ceiling panels.

In the case of the locking device 1, a groove 8 is provided on the first edge 4 and a spring 9 corresponding to the groove 8 is provided on the opposite second edge 5. The groove 8 has an upper groove leg 10 and a lower groove leg 1 1. In the illustrated embodiments, it is now so that the spring 9 has at least one spring interruption 12 and at least one spring portion 13. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the spring 8 has a plurality of spring interruptions 12 and spring sections 13. The upper groove leg 10 is continuous and extends at least substantially over the entire length of the edge 4. The lower groove leg 1 1 is formed corresponding to the spring 9. It has at least one groove interruption 14 and at least one groove leg portion 15.

As can be seen for example from FIG. 4, a plurality of groove interrupts 14 and groove leg sections 15 are provided. In this case, the number and length of the spring interruptions 12 corresponds to the number and length of the groove interruptions 14, while the number and length of the spring sections 13 corresponds to the number and length of the groove leg sections 15.

The aforementioned training, which ultimately leads to a toothed edge on both the first edge 4 and the second edge 5, allows the first building panel 2 by vertical passage of the individual Nutschenkelabschnitte 5 by the spring interruptions 12 from above, d. H. in the vertical direction, to the second building panel 3 can be attached and the two building panels 2, 3 then by lateral displacement, so moving in the longitudinal direction L of the edge, at least one of the building panels 2, 3 are lockable. Ultimately, a relative movement of one to the other building plate 2, 3 in the lateral direction is required. This then results in an at least partial overlap of the individual spring sections 13 with the Nutschenkelabschnitten 15, which leads to a lock at least in the vertical direction. In the illustrated exemplary embodiments, it is the case that, in the case of proper joining, ie. H. in an aligned system of the building panels 2, 3 on or to each other, a complete overlap of the spring sections 13 with the Nutschenkelabschnitten 15 results. This will be discussed in more detail below.

In addition, at the first edge 4 and the second edge 5 of the building panels 2, 3 and thus also on opposite sides of each building panel 2, 3 each locking means for locking the building panels 2, 3 are provided in the horizontal direction. Also the locking In the horizontal direction make use of the aforementioned principle of the toothed edge geometry, namely, in each case at least one corresponding interruption and at least one respective section, whereby it is possible, the two building panels 2, 3 by vertically lowering the one building panel relative to the other building panel engage in the common edge area with each other without first locking them, and to lock by lateral displacement in the longitudinal direction L of the edge of at least one of the building panels 2, 3 in the horizontal direction.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is in this context at the first edge 4 outside the groove 8 below the lower groove leg 1 1, a locking cam 16 is provided which projects downward. The locking cam 16 is divided or interrupted in the same way as the lower groove leg 1 1 and accordingly has a number of the Nutschenkelabschnitte 15 corresponding number of locking cam portions 17. Between the individual locking cam portions 17 are corresponding cam breaks 18th

Corresponding to the locking cam 16 is provided at the second edge 5 below the spring 9 a separate from the spring 9, upwardly projecting locking projection 19 which cooperates with the locking cam 16. The locking projection 19 is separated from the spring 9 via a channel 19a. The locking projection 19 is interrupted in the same way as the spring 9 and has a corresponding number of locking projection portions 20. Projection interruptions 21 are located between the individual locking projection sections 20. The extension of the locking cam sections in the longitudinal direction L of the edge corresponds to the length of the individual groove leg sections 15, while the length of the cam interruptions 18 correspond to the length of the respective groove discontinuities 14 in the longitudinal direction L of the edge. In the same way, the opposite, second edge 5 is formed. Here, the length of the spring sections 13 corresponds to the length of the Verriegelungsvorsprungsab- sections 20 in the edge longitudinal direction L, while the length of each spring interruptions 12 corresponds to the length of the projection interruptions 21.

As already mentioned, the upper groove leg 10 extends at least substantially over the entire edge length. The upper groove leg 10 thus has no interruptions, which ensures that the building panels 2, 3 in the joined state have an at least substantially closed surface in the edge region. Only the joint gap 22 between the two building panels 2, 3 remains.

As is apparent, moreover, in particular from FIGS. 1 and 2, the locking cam 16 is set back relative to the end face 23 of the upper groove leg 10 of the first edge 4. The stop surface 24 of the locking cam 16 is also set back even with respect to the groove bottom 25 beyond. In this way, at the first edge 4 ultimately results in a total oblique, d. H. from top to bottom sloping contouring. In contrast, a complementary, generally obliquely increasing contouring is provided on the second edge 5. Here, the end face 23 of the first edge 1 opposite end face 26 of the second edge 5 is set back relative to the locking projection 19. Also, the spring end 27 is set back relative to the stop surface 28 of the locking projection 19. The overall oblique contouring of the first edge 4 and the second edge 5, on the one hand, offers manufacturing advantages in edge profiling and, moreover, distributes the functions of the vertical locking to the tongue and groove connection with the elements 8, 9 and the horizontal locking via the locking cam 16 and the cooperating locking projection 19.

Incidentally, it results in particular from FIG. 3 that the further edge 29 extending at right angles to the second edge 5-and thus also to the first edge 4-has a profiling deviating from the edge profiling of the first and second edges. The further edge 29 may be provided on the longitudinal or the head side 6, 7 of the building panel. Here, a joining groove 30 and a locking groove 31 is provided. In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, the joining groove 30 and the locking groove 31 extend over the entire length of the further edge 29. It is understood that on the opposite edge 29 opposite side of the relevant building panel a complementary to the joining groove 30 spring and a locking groove 31 complementary locking projection are provided.

In Fig. 5, an alternative embodiment is shown. Shown are schematically a first building panel 2 and a second building panel 3, wherein the first building panel 2 still requires the installation. The second building panel 3 is already attached to a further building panel 32. The further building panel 32 has at its further edge 29 the aforementioned profiling with the joining groove 30 and the locking groove 31. The building panels 2, 3 have at their edge 29 facing the further edge 33, a corresponding spring 34 and a latching projection 35.

In addition, the individual building panels 2, 3, 32 are also provided on their first and second edge with a profiling, as it corresponds to the profiling of the further edge 29 and the edge 33 basically. Accordingly, the joining groove 30 and the locking groove 31 is provided on the first edge 4. At the second edge 5, the spring 34 and the locking projection 35 is provided. However, both the joining groove 30 and the spring 34 are in individual sections, d. H. Fügenutabschnitte 36 and spring sections 37, divided. Between adjacent Fügenutabschnitten 36 are Fügenutunterbrechungen 38, while between the spring sections 37 spring interruptions 39 are provided. The length of the joining groove sections 36 corresponds to the length of the spring sections 37, while the length of the joining groove interruptions 38 in the edge longitudinal direction corresponds in each case to the length of the spring interruptions 39.

Also in this embodiment, it is possible to vertically lower the first building panel 2 from above, so that a joint interruption 38 is placed from above on a spring portion 37 without first to lock. Subsequently, the building panel 2 is moved in the longitudinal direction L of the edge on the already laid further building panel 32, so that there is a lock in the horizontal and vertical directions. Finally, the other edges 29 and 33 are joined together. This will be discussed in more detail below. After complete assembly of all building panels, the sections 36, 37 completely overlap. As is otherwise apparent from FIGS. 1 and 2, the distance between the end face 23 of the upper groove leg 10 of the first edge 4 to the stop surface 24 of the locking cam 16 at least substantially the distance of the end surface 26 of the second edge 5 to the stop surface 28 of the locking projection 19. Incidentally, the clear distance of the groove legs 10, 1 1 corresponds to the thickness of the spring 9. In this way, both in the horizontal and in the vertical direction, at least substantially a backlash.

Furthermore, it is apparent from FIGS. 1 and 2, that adjoins the locking cam 16, a recess 40. The recess 40 serves to receive the locking projection 19 and has a lower contact surface 41. Corresponding to the contact surface 41, an upper contact surface 42 is provided on the locking projection 19. In the joined state, the contact surfaces 41 and 42 abut each other. The distance of the lower contact surface 41 to the groove surface 43 of the lower groove leg 1 1 corresponds at least substantially to the distance of the upper contact surface 42 to the lower spring surface 44th

As can be seen moreover from the individual figures, it is possible for the locking device 1 only on the longitudinal sides 6, d. H. on the long sides of the building panels 2, 3, or only on the head sides 7, d. H. on the short sides of the building panels 2, 3, or alternatively on the longitudinal and on the head sides 6, 7 of the building panels 2, 3 provide.

If the locking device 1 is provided only on the longitudinal sides 6, they have the edge profiling corresponding to the edges 4, 5. The edges of the head sides 7 can then have a profiling, as provided in the other edges 29, 33 in FIG. 5. The same applies if only the head sides 7 of the building panels 2, 3 are provided with the locking device 1, ie the profiling according to the edges 4, 5 according to FIGS. 1 and 2 have. In this case, the longitudinal sides 6 can then be provided with a profiling corresponding to the further edges 29, 33. Incidentally, it is understood that in principle it is also possible to provide a different profiling than at the edges 29, 33. If the locking device 1 is attached to both the longitudinal and the head sides 6. Building panels 2, 3 is provided, then the profiling according to FIGS. 1 and 2 is then provided on all corresponding edges.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, dashed lines indicate that the first edge 4 and also the second edge 5 have been machined with a rotating milling tool. The dashed line indicates the milled surface 45, 46. The radius R of the surface 45, 46 ultimately corresponds to the radius of the rotating milling tool. The ratio of the radius R of the milled surface 45, 46 is in a ratio R: D to the thickness D of the building panels 2, 3 in the range between 2.5: 1 to 3.5: 1. The concrete value ultimately depends on the thickness the building plate and the available milling tool.

As FIG. 3 illustrates in this connection, both the upper spring interruption 12 and the lower projection interruption 21 are produced by the milling tool in one process step. Between the individual interruptions 12, 21 remain in the manner of teeth, the spring portions 13 and the locking projection portions 20. In the same way, the production of the interruptions 14 and 18, wherein there are located between the interruptions 14, 18 Nutschenkelabschnitte 15 and locking cam portions 17. This is evident from FIG. 4. As a result, FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate that the interruptions 12, 21 result through the continuous milling surface 46, while the interruptions 14, 18 result from the milled surface 45.

FIGS. 6 to 11 show a possible laying variant of building panels according to the invention. In this laying variant building panels are used, in which the locking device 1 is provided on the longitudinal sides 6. On the head sides 7 is a contouring with a snap connection, as described for example in Fig. 5 at the other edge 29, realized. In the present laying variant, it is such that the building panel 32 is already laid. Although only one building panel 32 is shown, it is understood that a plurality of other building panels 32 may be provided in the row of the building panel 32. Furthermore, the building plate 3 is already laid. There is a shift from left to right. In Fig. 6, the state is now shown, in which the building plate 2 is lowered from above at coverage in the common edge region in the vertical direction. In this case, then enter the Nutschenkelabschnitte 15 through the spring interruptions 12 until the building plate 2 is also on the ground on which the building plate 3 is already located. This condition is shown in FIG. Subsequently, the building panel 2 is moved to the contact of the head side 7 to the corresponding head side 7 of the building panel 32 forward in the direction of the arrow. When moving the building panel 2 relative to the building panel 3 is a lock in the longitudinal sides. This condition is shown in FIG. In this state, the building plate 2 is not yet locked on its head side.

Subsequently, the building plate 2, 3 are angled for pivoting in the top edges. The already lying building plate 2 is raised again. This condition is shown in FIG. Then, the building panel 2 is pushed in the arrow direction until the upper edges of the head sides 7 of the building panels 2 and 32 touch. This then results in a latching connection between the head sides 7 of the building panels 2 and 32. This state is shown in Fig. 10. Subsequently, the building panels 2, 3 are lowered, so that I give complete locking of the building panels.

A laying variant is shown in FIGS. 12 to 16, in which the locking device 1 is located only in the area of the head sides 7. In the region of the longitudinal sides 6 is a snap connection, as shown for example in the region of the other edges 29, 33 in Fig. 5. The individual figures show not only top views of a building plate arrangement as a whole, but below the top view also different side views.

In Fig. 12, the state is shown in which the building plate 2 is lowered vertically from above in the arrow direction. As can be seen from Fig. 13, the building panel 2 is then moved in the direction of arrow towards the already laid building panels 32 until the longitudinal sides 6 of the building panels 2 and 32 together. As is apparent from Fig. 14, the building plate 2 is then hers free longitudinal side 6 raised in the arrow direction. In this case, the building plate 3 is at least partially raised with. As can be seen from FIG. 15, pressure is then exerted in the direction of the arrow on the free longitudinal side 6 of the building panel 2 so that the opposite longitudinal side 6 comes into mating engagement with the longitudinal sides 6 of the already laid building panels 32. Finally, as is apparent from Fig. 16, the building panel 2 is lowered in the arrow direction, so that the joining state.

17 to 22, an alternative installation variant is shown, in which a whole series of building panels 2, 3 is inserted. Shown is a laying from left to right, wherein the building plate 2 is first lowered vertically from above (Fig. 17). The lowered state results from FIG. 18, wherein there is an offset in the region of the top edge 7. Subsequently, one of the building panels or both building panels is displaced relative to each other, so that the state shown in Fig. 19 results. There is then a locking of the plates 2, 3 before. Fig. 20 shows that the entire row of the building panels 2, 3 is angled for pivoting. It is understood that the series may comprise a plurality of building panels 2, 3. Subsequently, the entire row of building panels 2, 3 is inserted until a contact of the upper edges of the building panels 2, 3 results with the already laid building panel 32 and the already laid row of building panels 32. This is shown in FIG. 21. Finally, the row of building panels 2, 3 is lowered, resulting in complete locking of the two rows of building panels. This is shown in FIG. 22.

While the laying variant of FIGS. 17 to 22 relates to an embodiment in which the locking device 1 is provided on the longitudinal sides 6, the laying variant shown in FIGS. 23 to 28 relates to building panels in which the locking device 1 is attached to the Head side 7 is located.

From Fig. 23 shows that the building panels 32 are already laid in a row. The building panels 2, 3 are not yet laid. Fig. 23 shows the state in which the building panel 3 is located on the ground and the building panel 2 is lowered in the arrow direction. It then results in the in the state shown in Fig. 24. Subsequently, the building panel 2 is moved relative to the building panel 3 in the arrow direction, so that subsequently results in the state shown in Fig. 25. Then, the row of the building panels 2, 3 is bent in accordance with the arrow direction in Fig. 26. In Fig. 27, the row of the building panels 2, 3 is pushed with its longitudinal edges 6 to the longitudinal edges 6 of the already laid row of building panels 32. It is then pressed on the longitudinal sides 6 of the series of building panels 2, 3 in the arrow direction, as shown in Fig. 27. Finally, the row of building panels 2, 3 is pivoted down in the direction of the arrow, as indicated in FIG. 28. This results in the joint connection between the rows of building panels 32 and the building panels 2, 3rd

In Figs. 29 to 31 building panels are shown in which the contouring for the locking device 1 is provided both on the longitudinal side 6 and on the head side 7. The longitudinal side 6 facing the observer in FIG. 29 has a contouring corresponding to the second edge 5. The same applies to the observer facing the head side 7. The opposite, facing away from the viewer long side 6 and the viewer facing away from the head 7 has a contour corresponding to the first edge 4.

FIG. 31 illustrates that it is easily possible to connect individual building panels according to FIG. 29. It is readily possible to proceed according to the laying variant according to FIGS. 6 to 16 and also according to the laying variant of FIGS. 17 to 28.

However, a decisive difference from the installation variants described above is that angling of the building panel to be laid is no longer necessary. Joining can take place only in the plane, wherein the correct joining arrangement ultimately takes place by moving the relevant building panel or a series of building panels. For example, in the case of the embodiment according to FIG. 31, it is possible that, with the building panel 32 already laid or a series of already laid building panels 32, the building panel 3 is either pushed in from above and locked or inserted in the plane of the building panels 32. pushed and then locked by lateral movement. Then, the building plate 2 can be inserted from above or in the plane of the building panel 32 in the head side portion of the building panel 3 and at least slightly laterally displaced until a lock between the plates 2, 3 results. Then, the row of building panels 2, 3 so far moved in the longitudinal direction L that the building panel 2 can be inserted with its long side 6 in the edge region of the longitudinal side 6 of the building panel 32. Then, the row of building panels 2, 3 so far moved in the longitudinal direction L that results in a complete locking of the building panels 2, 3 on the already laid building panels 32 and the row of already laid building panels 32.

Alternatively, it is possible first to connect the building panels 2, 3 at their head sides in the manner described above with each other. Then, the row of building panels 2, 3 is pushed to the already laid row of building panels 32 until the state corresponding to FIG. 2 results. Subsequently, a lateral displacement in the longitudinal direction L, so that there is a locking of the two rows of the building panels 2, 3 on the one hand and 32 on the other hand.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Locking device 30 joining groove first building panel 31 latching groove second building panel 32 further building panel first edge 33 further edge second edge 34 spring

Long side 35 locking projection

Head side 36 joining groove section

Groove 37 spring section

Spring 38 Groove cut-off upper groove leg 39 Spring interruption lower groove leg 40 recess

Spring interruption 41 lower contact surface

Spring section 42 upper contact surface

Groove break 43 groove surface

Nutschenkelabschnitt 44 lower spring surface

Locking cam 45 milling surface

Lock cam section 46 milling surface

cam interruptions

locking projection

a channel

Locking projecting portion

Projection interruptions R radius

joining gap

face

stop surface

groove base

face

spring end

stop surface

further edge

Claims

claims:

1. A method for laying and connecting building panels (2, 3, 32), in particular floor, wall or ceiling panels, with a tongue and groove connection having locking device (1) between adjacent building panels (2, 3, 32), wherein at a first edge (4) of a first building panel (2) has a groove (8) and at an opposite second edge (5) of a second building panel (2, 3, 32) to the groove (8) corresponding spring (9) is

characterized,

that the first building plate (2, 3, 32) having the groove (8) is initially lowered in the vertical direction when overlapping in the common edge region (4, 5) from above the second building plate (2, 3, 32) resting on the substrate, and in that at least one building panel (2, 3, 32) is displaced after vertical lowering in the longitudinal direction (L) of the edges, so that subsequently a locking of the building panels (2, 3, 32) in the vertical and / or horizontal direction results.

2. Method according to the preamble of claim 1 and in particular according to claim 1,

characterized,

a series of building panels (2, 3, 32) connected to one another on their head sides (7) or a single building panel (2, 3) with their longitudinal side (6) in the longitudinal side area of a row of already laid building panels (32) from above or into the plane of the already laid building panels (32) inserted transversely to the longitudinal side (6) and then in the direction of the longitudinal side (L) is moved, so that then a locking of the building panels (2, 3, 32) in the horizontal and / or vertical direction results.

3. locking device (1) for building panels (2, 3, 32), in particular floor, wall or ceiling panels, preferably for a method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein at a first edge (4) of a first building panel (2, 3 , 32) has a groove (8) and at the opposite second edge (5) of a second building panel (2, 3, 32) a tongue (8) corresponding to the spring (9) is provided and wherein the groove (8) has an upper groove legs (10) and a lower groove legs (1 1),

characterized,

in that the spring (9) has at least one spring interruption (12) and at least one spring section (13) and the lower groove leg (11) at least one groove interruption (14) and at least one groove leg section (15), so that the first building plate (2, 3, 32) by vertically passing the Nutschenkelabschnitts (15) through the spring interruption (12) from above to the second building panel (2, 3, 32) can be attached and the building panels (2, 3, 32) by laterally displacing at least one of the building panels (2, 3, 32) with simultaneous, at least partial overlap of a spring portion (13) with a Nutschenkelabschnitt (15) in the vertical and / or horizontal direction can be locked.

4. Locking device according to claim 3, characterized in that on the first and the second edge (4, 5) respectively locking means for locking the building panels (2, 3, 32) are provided in the horizontal direction and that at the locking means in each case at least one corresponding Are provided interruption and at least one respective portion, so that the building panels (2, 3, 32) by lateral displacement of at least one of the building panels (2, 3) are lockable in the horizontal direction.

5. Locking device according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that at the first edge (4) outside the groove (8) below the lower Nutschenkelabschnitts (15) a downwardly projecting locking cam portion (17) of a locking cam (16) is provided and that on the second edge (5) below the spring portion (13) there is provided an upwardly projecting locking projection portion (20) of a locking projection (19) for cooperation with the locking cam portion (17) separate from the spring (9).

6. Locking device according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the locking cam (16) relative to the end face (23) of the upper groove leg (10) of the first edge (4) and / or the groove bottom (25) is offset back and / or that the end face (23) of the first Edge (4) opposite end face (26) of the second edge (5) and / or the spring end (27) relative to the locking projection (19) is set back.

7. Locking device according to one of claims 3 to 6, characterized in that a plurality of spring portions (13) and / or Nutschenkelabschnitten (15) and / or locking cam portions (17) and / or locking projection portions (20) on each edge (4, 5 ) are provided and that, preferably, in the joined state, the spring portion (13) and the Nutschenkelabschnitt (15) and / or the locking cam portion (17) and the locking projection portion (20) at least substantially completely cover each other.

8. Locking device according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the width of the spring portion (13) of the width of the groove interruption (14) and / or the width of the Nutschenkelabschnitts (15) corresponds to the width of the spring interruption (12) at least substantially ,

9. Locking device according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the locking device (1) on the longitudinal and / or the head sides (6, 7) of the building panels (2, 3, 32) is provided.

10. Locking device according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the first edge (4) and / or the second edge (5) for the preparation of the interruption (12, 14, 18, 21) is machined with a rotating milling tool and the ratio of the radius (R) of the milled surface (45, 46) to the thickness (D) of the building panel (2, 3, 32) is between 2.5: 1 and 3.5: 1, preferably between 2.8: 1 to 3.4: 1 and especially between 2.9: 1 to 3.33: 1.