WO2013023350A1 - Fiber mode converter and fiber isolator with mode conversion function - Google Patents
Fiber mode converter and fiber isolator with mode conversion function Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013023350A1 WO2013023350A1 PCT/CN2011/078392 CN2011078392W WO2013023350A1 WO 2013023350 A1 WO2013023350 A1 WO 2013023350A1 CN 2011078392 W CN2011078392 W CN 2011078392W WO 2013023350 A1 WO2013023350 A1 WO 2013023350A1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/10—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings of the optical waveguide type
- G02B6/14—Mode converters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/27—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means
- G02B6/2746—Optical coupling means with polarisation selective and adjusting means comprising non-reciprocal devices, e.g. isolators, FRM, circulators, quasi-isolators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/32—Optical coupling means having lens focusing means positioned between opposed fibre ends
Definitions
- the present invention relates to optical fiber transmission technology, and more particularly to a fiber mode converter and a fiber optic isolator having a mode switching function. Background technique
- fiber lasers are a relatively new type of laser.
- the main advantages include high beam quality, high electro-optic conversion efficiency, heat dissipation, high reliability, and compact structure.
- fiber lasers There are two main types of fiber lasers. One uses a resonant cavity to select the lasing wavelength, and the other is a traveling wave amplification structure.
- the lasing wavelength depends on the wavelength of the seed source.
- a fiber laser with a traveling wave amplification structure is usually composed of multiple stages and is stepped up. In order to increase the working substance and reduce the optical power density, the fiber used in the subsequent amplification stage tends to have a larger core diameter than the previous amplification stage. Therefore, when the laser is transmitted from the previous stage to the subsequent stage, there is a problem of transformation and matching of the fiber mode.
- the light beam can only be transmitted unidirectionally from the seed source to the front stage to the latter stage, and the reverse transmission of light destroys the seed source. Therefore, between the front and rear amplification stages, optical isolators are often required to ensure one-way transmission of the laser.
- the fiber mode converter is used for the connection between fibers with different core diameters to reduce the optical power loss caused by the mode mismatch.
- the fiber mode converter can be implemented by thermally expanding the fiber or by lens transformation, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. Change the core diameter by thermal expansion (TEC) fiber as shown in Figure 1.
- Figure 2 shows the mode of input fiber to output fiber by placing a lens between the two fibers. Transform.
- Optical isolators are one of the commonly used devices in optical communication.
- the Faraday magneto-optical effect allows optical signals to be transmitted in one direction, isolates the reverse transmitted light to reduce system noise (used in fiber amplifiers) or avoids device damage (for In fiber lasers).
- Optical isolators are generally classified into two types: polarization-dependent and polarization-independent.
- Polarization-dependent optical isolators require forward-transmitted light to be linearly polarized and whose polarization direction is aligned with the transmission axis of the optical isolator. Otherwise, the forward light is also Will experience large power losses, and even be completely isolated.
- Polarization-dependent optical isolators are generally placed between a DFB laser (a type of semiconductor laser that emits a linearly polarized laser, so a polarization-dependent optical isolator can be used) and the optical fiber to isolate the reverse light transmitted from the optical fiber to the laser. Avoid damaging the laser.
- the polarization-independent optical isolator does not require a polarization state of the forward-transmitted light, and a positive power transmission of any polarization state experiences a small power loss.
- Polarization-independent optical isolators are generally used in fiber amplifiers and fiber lasers.
- the current traveling wave amplifying structure fiber laser between the front and rear amplification stages, generally needs to connect a mode converter and an optical isolator in series to realize the fiber mode conversion between the two stages and ensure the one-way optical signal. transmission. If you can integrate the functions of these two devices into one device, you can reduce losses, reduce size, and reduce costs.
- existing fiber-mode converter configurations shown in Figures 1 and 2) are not compatible with opto-isolator processes and cannot be packaged together. Summary of the invention
- the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fiber mode converter and a fiber isolator with mode switching function, in view of the defect that the existing fiber mode converter cannot be packaged together with the optical isolator.
- the technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem thereof is: constructing a fiber mode converter, comprising a relatively arranged input fiber collimator and an output fiber collimator;
- the input fiber collimator includes an input collimating lens that interfaces with the input fiber;
- the output fiber collimator includes an output collimating lens that interfaces with the output fiber;
- the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are oppositely disposed, and the collimating beam diameters of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are equal.
- the input fiber collimator further includes a socket An input glass capillary of the input fiber, and an input glass tube encapsulating the input glass capillary and an input collimating lens; the output fiber collimator further comprising an output glass capillary for nesting the output fiber, and a package The output glass capillary and the output glass tube of the output collimating lens.
- the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are both cylindrical flat-convex lenses; the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens satisfy when the refractive index is equal The following formula:
- ⁇ and ⁇ are the convex curvature radius of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens, respectively, and ⁇ and ⁇ 2 are the mode field radius of the input fiber and the output fiber, respectively.
- the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are both self-focusing lenses; the parameters of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens satisfy the following formula:
- ⁇ and ⁇ 2 are the central refractive indices of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens, respectively, and the autofocusing constants of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens, respectively, ⁇ and ⁇ 2 are the input fiber and the output fiber, respectively. Fiber mode field radius.
- the present invention also provides a fiber optic isolator having a mode switching function, comprising an integrated fiber mode converter and an optical isolator core, the fiber mode converter comprising an oppositely disposed input fiber collimator and an output fiber collimating
- the optical isolator core is disposed between the input fiber collimator and the output fiber collimator;
- the input fiber collimator includes an input collimating lens that interfaces with the input fiber;
- the output fiber collimator includes an output collimating lens that interfaces with the output fiber;
- the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are disposed relative to the optical isolator core, and the collimating beam diameters of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are equal.
- the input fiber collimator further includes an input glass capillary for socketing the input fiber, and packaging the input glass capillary and the input collimating lens Input glass tube;
- the output fiber collimator further includes a socket for the input An output glass capillary of the fiber, and an output glass tube enclosing the output glass capillary and the output collimating lens.
- the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are both cylindrical flat-convex lenses; the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are equal in refractive index
- ⁇ and ⁇ are the convex curvature radius of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens, respectively, and ⁇ and ⁇ 2 are the mode field radius of the input fiber and the output fiber, respectively.
- the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are both self-focusing lenses; the parameters of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens satisfy the following formula:
- ⁇ and ⁇ 2 are the mode field radii of the input fiber and the output fiber, respectively.
- the optical isolator core is an optical isolator core using a displacement crystal.
- the optical isolator core is an optical isolator core using a birefringent wedge piece.
- the fiber-optic mode converter and the fiber optic isolator with mode conversion function of the invention have the following beneficial effects:
- the invention makes input/output with optical fiber and collimating lens with different parameters on the basis of the existing optical isolator structure.
- the fiber collimator can isolate the reverse transmission light by forwardly transmitting light and has the fiber mode conversion function. It can be applied to the fiber laser to isolate the reverse transmission light and the fiber between the stages of the fiber laser.
- the modes are converted and matched, and the present invention integrates them in one device to achieve the effects of reducing loss, reducing volume, and reducing cost.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a fiber-optic mode converter realized by using a thermal expansion beam fiber
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a fiber mode converter realized by using a lens
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a fiber optic isolator having a mode switching function in a preferred embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fiber mode converter in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a collimating lens used in the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a collimating lens used in the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of an optical isolator core used in the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of an optical isolator core used in the present invention. detailed description
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a fiber isolator having a mode switching function in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
- the optical fiber isolator with mode switching function provided by this embodiment includes a fiber mode converter and an optical isolator core 30, wherein the fiber mode converter further includes an input fiber collimator 10 and an output fiber collimator. 20.
- the input fiber collimator 10 and the output fiber collimator 20 are disposed opposite each other and are respectively interfaced with the input fiber 12 and the output fiber 22, and the optical isolator core 30 is disposed between the input fiber collimator 10 and the output fiber collimator 20. .
- the present invention also provides a fiber mode converter including the above-described input fiber collimator 10 and output fiber collimator 20.
- the input fiber collimator 10 includes at least an input collimating lens 11 that interfaces with the input fiber 12, and the output fiber collimator 20 includes at least an output collimating lens 21 that interfaces with the output fiber.
- the collimated beam diameters of the two fiber collimators should be the same, that is, the collimated beam diameters of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are equal.
- the optical fiber and the collimating lens are packaged using a glass capillary tube and a glass tube to be physically connected.
- the input fiber collimator 10 further includes an input glass capillary 13 and an input glass tube 14, wherein the input glass tube 14 is wrapped around the input glass capillary 13 and the input collimating lens 11, thereby encapsulating the two together, in use, only
- the input fiber 12 needs to be inserted into the input glass capillary 13 to achieve docking.
- the output fiber collimator 20 has an output glass capillary 23 and an output glass tube 24 of the same structure. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can use other methods to align the lens between the straight lens and the optical fiber for convenient use.
- the invention proposes to fabricate a fiber collimator with optical fibers and collimating lenses with different parameters to realize mode conversion between input/output fibers.
- the collimating lens used in the present invention can be realized by C-Lens (a cylindrical flat-convex lens) or a self-focusing lens (GRIN-Lens, a cylindrical gradient index lens).
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a collimating lens used in the present invention.
- the fiber-optic mode converter of this embodiment adopts a cylindrical flat-convex lens, and the parameters of the C-Lens include a refractive index, a length and a convex curvature radius are set to a light wavelength, and ⁇ 0 is a fiber mode field.
- the radius is the collimated beam radius; then the collimated beam size of C-Lens as the fiber collimating lens in Figure 5 is as shown in equation (1):
- the input collimating lens 11 and the output collimating lens 21 are both cylindrical flat-convex lenses, and the convex surfaces of the lenses are oppositely disposed when placed.
- the input collimating lens 11 and the output collimating lens 21 are provided.
- the refractive index is equal, the convex curvature radius of the input collimating lens 11 is A, and the convex curvature radius of the output collimating lens is R 2 .
- the following formula can be obtained by calculation:
- FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a collimating lens used in the present invention.
- a self-focusing lens is used, and the parameters of the GRIN-Lens include a central refractive index. «. , length z and self-focusing constant.
- ⁇ is the collimated beam radius; then the collimated beam size of GRIN-Lens as the fiber collimating lens in Figure 6 is as shown in equation (3)
- the input collimating lens 11 and the output collimating lens 21 are both self-focusing lenses; the center refractive index of the input collimating lens 11 is W1 , the self-focusing constant is, and the central refractive index of the output collimating lens 21 is n 2 , The focus constant is .
- the parameters of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are calculated by the following formula:
- ⁇ and ⁇ 2 are the mode field radii of the input fiber and the output fiber, respectively.
- FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 are respectively schematic structural views of the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the optical isolator core used in the present invention.
- the first embodiment of Figure 7 is implemented using an optical isolator core of a displacement crystal.
- the upper and lower sub-pictures in Fig. 7 are the forward optical path and the reverse optical path of the optical isolator core using the displacement crystal, respectively.
- the optical isolator core using the displacement crystal comprises two displacement crystals, namely a displacement crystal 1 and a displacement crystal 2, which are respectively connected to the input fiber side and the output fiber side, respectively, in this embodiment, respectively, with the input fiber collimator 10 and the output.
- the fiber collimator 20 is connected.
- an optical rotating film and a half wave plate are arranged between the displacement crystal 1 and the displacement crystal 2, and a magnetic ring is arranged in the middle.
- One-way transmission of light can be achieved by the above structure.
- the second embodiment of Figure 8 is implemented using an optical isolator core of birefringent wedge segments.
- the left and right sub-pictures in Fig. 8 are the forward optical path and the reverse optical path of the optical isolator core using the birefringent wedge piece, respectively.
- the opto-isolator core using the birefringent wedge-corner includes an inner birefringent wedge piece and an outer magnetic ring. One-way transmission of light can also be achieved by this structure.
- optical fiber isolator with mode switching function proposed by the present invention.
- the above-prepared input/output fiber collimator and the optical isolator core are coupled and packaged to realize a fiber optic isolator with mode conversion function.
- the present invention is based on analyzing the working principle of the existing optical isolator and mode converter, and proposes a functional integrated optical device structure to achieve the effects of reducing loss, reducing volume, and reducing cost.
- the optical isolator can isolate the reverse transmission light by transmitting light in the forward direction, and has the fiber mode conversion function. It can be applied to the fiber laser, and the reverse transmission light and the fiber mode are isolated between the stages of the fiber laser. Convert and match.
- the device Based on the existing optical isolator structure, uses an optical fiber and a collimating lens with different parameters to fabricate an input/output fiber collimator. The design between the input/output fiber modes is achieved by matching the parameters between the respective parameters. match.
Abstract
The present invention relates to a fiber mode converter and a fiber isolator with conversion function. The fiber isolator includes a fiber mode converter and an optical isolator core which are integrated together. The fiber mode converter includes an input fiber collimator and an output fiber collimator which are set relatively. The input fiber collimator includes an input collimation lens which is in butt joint with the input fiber, and the output fiber collimator includes an output collimation lens which is in butt joint with the output fiber. The input collimation lens and the output collimation lens are set opposite the optical isolator core, and the collimation beam diameter of the input collimation lens is equal to the collimation beam diameter of the output collimation lens. The input/output fiber collimators are made of fiber and collimation lens with different parameters. The modes of the input/output fiber are matched by matching design between the respective parameters. The input/output fibers are packed together with the optical isolator core, so as to reduce loss, volume and cost.
Description
说 明 书 光纤模式转换器及具有模式转换功能的光纤隔离器 技术领域 Description Fiber mode converter and fiber optic isolator with mode conversion
本发明涉及光纤传输技术，更具体地说，涉及一种光纤模式转换器及具有 模式转换功能的光纤隔离器。 背景技术 The present invention relates to optical fiber transmission technology, and more particularly to a fiber mode converter and a fiber optic isolator having a mode switching function. Background technique
I960年， 美国人 Maiman在加利福尼亚休斯研究所研制成红宝石激光器， 这是世界上第一台激光器。激光新技术的诞生使光学这门古老的学科跨出了划 时代的一步， 也是人类历史上最重大的科学技术成果之一。 短短不到 50年的 时间， 激光器已经广泛地使用在人类生活的各个领域， 包括工业加工、 生物医 学、 军事、 科学研究、 测量等。 In 1960, American Maiman developed the Ruby Laser at the Hughes Institute in California, the world's first laser. The birth of new laser technology has made the ancient discipline of optics a step in the era, and one of the most significant scientific and technological achievements in human history. In less than 50 years, lasers have been used extensively in all areas of human life, including industrial processing, biomedical, military, scientific research, and measurement.
同传统的固体、 气体激光器相比、 光纤激光器是一种比较新型的激光器， 其主要优点包括高光束质量、 高电光转换效率、 易散热性、 高可靠性、 结构紧 凑等。 Compared with traditional solid-state and gas lasers, fiber lasers are a relatively new type of laser. The main advantages include high beam quality, high electro-optic conversion efficiency, heat dissipation, high reliability, and compact structure.
光纤激光器主要有两种结构，一种采用谐振腔选择激射波长，一种为行波 放大结构，激射波长取决于种子光源的波长。行波放大结构的光纤激光器通常 由多级构成， 逐级放大， 为了增加工作物质并降低光功率密度， 后面放大级所 采用的光纤， 芯径往往比前面放大级更粗。 因此激光在从前级传输到后级时， 存在光纤模式的变换和匹配问题。 同时， 对于行波放大结构的光纤激光器， 光 束只能从种子光源到前级再到后级单向传输， 反向传输光则会破坏种子光源。 因此在前后放大级之间， 往往需要采用光隔离器来保证激光的单向传输。 There are two main types of fiber lasers. One uses a resonant cavity to select the lasing wavelength, and the other is a traveling wave amplification structure. The lasing wavelength depends on the wavelength of the seed source. A fiber laser with a traveling wave amplification structure is usually composed of multiple stages and is stepped up. In order to increase the working substance and reduce the optical power density, the fiber used in the subsequent amplification stage tends to have a larger core diameter than the previous amplification stage. Therefore, when the laser is transmitted from the previous stage to the subsequent stage, there is a problem of transformation and matching of the fiber mode. At the same time, for a fiber laser with a traveling wave amplification structure, the light beam can only be transmitted unidirectionally from the seed source to the front stage to the latter stage, and the reverse transmission of light destroys the seed source. Therefore, between the front and rear amplification stages, optical isolators are often required to ensure one-way transmission of the laser.
因此，光纤模式转换器用于芯径不同的光纤之间的衔接，减小因模式不匹 配而造成的光功率损耗。光纤模式转换器可以通过热扩束光纤或者透镜变换来 实现， 如图 1和图 2所示。 如图 1中通过热扩束 （TEC) 光纤改变纤芯直径； 图 2 中通过在两级光纤之间设置一个透镜来实现输入光纤到输出光纤的模式
变换。 Therefore, the fiber mode converter is used for the connection between fibers with different core diameters to reduce the optical power loss caused by the mode mismatch. The fiber mode converter can be implemented by thermally expanding the fiber or by lens transformation, as shown in Figures 1 and 2. Change the core diameter by thermal expansion (TEC) fiber as shown in Figure 1. Figure 2 shows the mode of input fiber to output fiber by placing a lens between the two fibers. Transform.
光隔离器是光通信中常用的器件之一，通过法拉第磁光效应，让光信号单 向传输， 隔离反向传输光以减小系统噪声（用于光纤放大器中）或者避免器件 损坏（用于光纤激光器中）。光隔离器一般分为偏振相关型和偏振无关型两种， 偏振相关型光隔离器要求正向传输光为线偏振光且偏振方向与光隔离器的透 光轴对准， 否则正向光也会经历较大的功率损耗， 甚至被完全隔离。偏振相关 型光隔离器一般置于 DFB激光器 （半导体激光器的一种， 发射线偏振激光， 因此可以采用偏振相关型光隔离器）与光纤之间， 以隔离从光纤向激光器传输 的反向光，避免损坏激光器。偏振无关型光隔离器则对正向传输光的偏振态没 有要求， 任意偏振态的正向传输光通过时， 均经历一个较小的功率损耗。光纤 放大器、 光纤激光器中一般采用偏振无关型光隔离器。 Optical isolators are one of the commonly used devices in optical communication. The Faraday magneto-optical effect allows optical signals to be transmitted in one direction, isolates the reverse transmitted light to reduce system noise (used in fiber amplifiers) or avoids device damage (for In fiber lasers). Optical isolators are generally classified into two types: polarization-dependent and polarization-independent. Polarization-dependent optical isolators require forward-transmitted light to be linearly polarized and whose polarization direction is aligned with the transmission axis of the optical isolator. Otherwise, the forward light is also Will experience large power losses, and even be completely isolated. Polarization-dependent optical isolators are generally placed between a DFB laser (a type of semiconductor laser that emits a linearly polarized laser, so a polarization-dependent optical isolator can be used) and the optical fiber to isolate the reverse light transmitted from the optical fiber to the laser. Avoid damaging the laser. The polarization-independent optical isolator does not require a polarization state of the forward-transmitted light, and a positive power transmission of any polarization state experiences a small power loss. Polarization-independent optical isolators are generally used in fiber amplifiers and fiber lasers.
综上所述， 目前的行波放大结构光纤激光器， 前后放大级之间， 一般需要 串联一个模式转换器和一个光隔离器，以实现两级之间的光纤模式转换和保证 光信号的单向传输。如果能够将这两种器件的功能集成在一个器件中， 则可以 减小损耗、 縮小体积并降低成本。 然而， 现有的光纤模式转换器结构 （如图 1 和图 2中所示） 与光隔离器工艺不兼容， 无法封装在一起。 发明内容 In summary, the current traveling wave amplifying structure fiber laser, between the front and rear amplification stages, generally needs to connect a mode converter and an optical isolator in series to realize the fiber mode conversion between the two stages and ensure the one-way optical signal. transmission. If you can integrate the functions of these two devices into one device, you can reduce losses, reduce size, and reduce costs. However, existing fiber-mode converter configurations (shown in Figures 1 and 2) are not compatible with opto-isolator processes and cannot be packaged together. Summary of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题在于，针对现有光纤模式转换器在工艺上无法与 光隔离器封装在一起的缺陷，提供了一种光纤模式转换器及具有模式转换功能 的光纤隔离器。 The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fiber mode converter and a fiber isolator with mode switching function, in view of the defect that the existing fiber mode converter cannot be packaged together with the optical isolator.
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是： 构造一种光纤模式转换器， 包括相对设置的输入光纤准直器和输出光纤准直器； The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem thereof is: constructing a fiber mode converter, comprising a relatively arranged input fiber collimator and an output fiber collimator;
所述输入光纤准直器包括与输入光纤对接的输入准直透镜； The input fiber collimator includes an input collimating lens that interfaces with the input fiber;
所述输出光纤准直器包括与输出光纤对接的输出准直透镜； The output fiber collimator includes an output collimating lens that interfaces with the output fiber;
所述输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜相对设置，且所述输入准直透镜和输出 准直透镜的准直光束直径相等。 The input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are oppositely disposed, and the collimating beam diameters of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are equal.
在本发明所述的光纤模式转换器中，所述输入光纤准直器还包括用于套接
所述输入光纤的输入玻璃毛细管，以及封装所述输入玻璃毛细管和输入准直透 镜的输入玻璃管；所述输出光纤准直器还包括用于套接所述输出光纤的输出玻 璃毛细管， 以及封装所述输出玻璃毛细管和输出准直透镜的输出玻璃管。 In the fiber mode converter of the present invention, the input fiber collimator further includes a socket An input glass capillary of the input fiber, and an input glass tube encapsulating the input glass capillary and an input collimating lens; the output fiber collimator further comprising an output glass capillary for nesting the output fiber, and a package The output glass capillary and the output glass tube of the output collimating lens.
在本发明所述的光纤模式转换器中，所述输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜均 为柱形平-凸透镜； 所述输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜在折射率相等的情况下 满足以下公式：
In the fiber mode converter of the present invention, the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are both cylindrical flat-convex lenses; the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens satisfy when the refractive index is equal The following formula:
其中， 和^分别为输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜凸面曲率半径， ^和 ω2分别为输入光纤和输出光纤的光纤模场半径。 Wherein, and ^ are the convex curvature radius of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens, respectively, and ^ and ω 2 are the mode field radius of the input fiber and the output fiber, respectively.
在本发明所述的光纤模式转换器中，所述输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜均 为自聚焦透镜； 所述输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜的参数满足以下公式：
In the fiber mode converter of the present invention, the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are both self-focusing lenses; the parameters of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens satisfy the following formula:
其中， 和《2分别为输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜的中心折射率， 和 分别为输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜的自聚焦常数， ^和 ω2分别为输入光 纤和输出光纤的光纤模场半径。 Wherein, and " 2 are the central refractive indices of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens, respectively, and the autofocusing constants of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens, respectively, ^ and ω 2 are the input fiber and the output fiber, respectively. Fiber mode field radius.
本发明还提供了一种具有模式转换功能的光纤隔离器，包括集成在一起的 光纤模式转换器和光隔离器芯，所述光纤模式转换器包括相对设置的输入光纤 准直器和输出光纤准直器，所述光隔离器芯设置在所述输入光纤准直器和输出 光纤准直器之间； The present invention also provides a fiber optic isolator having a mode switching function, comprising an integrated fiber mode converter and an optical isolator core, the fiber mode converter comprising an oppositely disposed input fiber collimator and an output fiber collimating The optical isolator core is disposed between the input fiber collimator and the output fiber collimator;
所述输入光纤准直器包括与输入光纤对接的输入准直透镜； The input fiber collimator includes an input collimating lens that interfaces with the input fiber;
所述输出光纤准直器包括与输出光纤对接的输出准直透镜； The output fiber collimator includes an output collimating lens that interfaces with the output fiber;
所述输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜相对所述光隔离器芯设置，且所述输入 准直透镜和输出准直透镜的准直光束直径相等。 The input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are disposed relative to the optical isolator core, and the collimating beam diameters of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are equal.
在本发明所述的具有模式转换功能的光纤隔离器中，所述输入光纤准直器 还包括用于套接所述输入光纤的输入玻璃毛细管，以及封装所述输入玻璃毛细 管和输入准直透镜的输入玻璃管；所述输出光纤准直器还包括用于套接所述输
出光纤的输出玻璃毛细管，以及封装所述输出玻璃毛细管和输出准直透镜的输 出玻璃管。 In the fiber isolator with mode switching function of the present invention, the input fiber collimator further includes an input glass capillary for socketing the input fiber, and packaging the input glass capillary and the input collimating lens Input glass tube; the output fiber collimator further includes a socket for the input An output glass capillary of the fiber, and an output glass tube enclosing the output glass capillary and the output collimating lens.
在本发明所述的具有模式转换功能的光纤隔离器中，所述输入准直透镜和 输出准直透镜均为柱形平-凸透镜； 所述输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜在折射 率相等的情况下满足以下公式：
In the optical fiber isolator with mode switching function according to the present invention, the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are both cylindrical flat-convex lenses; the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are equal in refractive index The following formula is satisfied in the case:
其中， 和^分别为输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜凸面曲率半径， ^和 ω2分别为输入光纤和输出光纤的光纤模场半径。 Wherein, and ^ are the convex curvature radius of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens, respectively, and ^ and ω 2 are the mode field radius of the input fiber and the output fiber, respectively.
在本发明所述的具有模式转换功能的光纤隔离器中，所述输入准直透镜和 输出准直透镜均为自聚焦透镜；所述输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜的参数满足 以下公式：
In the optical fiber isolator with mode switching function according to the present invention, the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are both self-focusing lenses; the parameters of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens satisfy the following formula:
其中， 和《2分别为输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜的中心折射率， 和Where, and " 2 are the central refractive indices of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens, respectively, and
7 分别为输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜的自聚焦常数， ^和 ω2分别为输入光 纤和输出光纤的光纤模场半径。 7 are the self-focusing constants of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens, respectively, and ^ and ω 2 are the mode field radii of the input fiber and the output fiber, respectively.
在本发明所述的具有模式转换功能的光纤隔离器中，所述光隔离器芯为采 用位移晶体的光隔离器芯。 In the optical fiber isolator having the mode switching function of the present invention, the optical isolator core is an optical isolator core using a displacement crystal.
在本发明所述的具有模式转换功能的光纤隔离器中，所述光隔离器芯为采 用双折射楔角片的光隔离器芯。 In the optical fiber isolator having the mode switching function of the present invention, the optical isolator core is an optical isolator core using a birefringent wedge piece.
实施本发明的光纤模式转换器及具有模式转换功能的光纤隔离器，具有以 下有益效果： 本发明在现有光隔离器结构的基础上， 以不同参数的光纤和准直 透镜来制作输入 /输出光纤准直器， 可通过正向传输光而隔离反向传输光， 并 同时具有光纤模式转换功能， 可应用于光纤激光器中，在光纤激光器的各级之 间， 隔离反向传输光并对光纤模式进行转换和匹配， 并且本发明将其集成在一 个器件中， 以达到减小损耗、 縮小体积和降低成本的效果。
附图说明 The fiber-optic mode converter and the fiber optic isolator with mode conversion function of the invention have the following beneficial effects: The invention makes input/output with optical fiber and collimating lens with different parameters on the basis of the existing optical isolator structure. The fiber collimator can isolate the reverse transmission light by forwardly transmitting light and has the fiber mode conversion function. It can be applied to the fiber laser to isolate the reverse transmission light and the fiber between the stages of the fiber laser. The modes are converted and matched, and the present invention integrates them in one device to achieve the effects of reducing loss, reducing volume, and reducing cost. DRAWINGS
下面将结合附图及实施例对本发明作进一步说明， 附图中： The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which:
图 1为现有采用热扩束光纤实现的光纤模式转换器的结构示意图； 图 2 为现有采用透镜来实现的光纤模式转换器的结构示意图； 1 is a schematic structural view of a fiber-optic mode converter realized by using a thermal expansion beam fiber; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a fiber mode converter realized by using a lens;
图 3 为本发明优选实施例中具有模式转换功能的光纤隔离器的结构示意 图； 3 is a schematic structural view of a fiber optic isolator having a mode switching function in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图 4为本发明优选实施例中光纤模式转换器的结构示意图； 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a fiber mode converter in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
图 5为本发明采用的准直透镜的第一实施例的结构示意图； FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a collimating lens used in the present invention; FIG.
图 6为本发明采用的准直透镜的第二实施例的结构示意图； 6 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a collimating lens used in the present invention;
图 7为本发明采用的光隔离器芯的第一实施例结构示意图； 7 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of an optical isolator core used in the present invention;
图 8为本发明采用的光隔离器芯的第二实施例的结构示意图。 具体实施方式 FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of an optical isolator core used in the present invention. detailed description
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白， 以下结合附图及实 施例， 对本发明进行进一步详细说明。 The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
请参阅图 3， 为本发明优选实施例中具有模式转换功能的光纤隔离器的结 构示意图。如图 3所示， 该实施例提供的具有模式转换功能的光纤隔离器包括 光纤模式转换器和光隔离器芯 30， 其中光纤模式转换器又进一步包括输入光 纤准直器 10和输出光纤准直器 20。 Please refer to FIG. 3, which is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a fiber isolator having a mode switching function in a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the optical fiber isolator with mode switching function provided by this embodiment includes a fiber mode converter and an optical isolator core 30, wherein the fiber mode converter further includes an input fiber collimator 10 and an output fiber collimator. 20.
输入光纤准直器 10和输出光纤准直器 20相对设置， 分别与输入光纤 12 和输出光纤 22对接， 而光隔离器芯 30设置在输入光纤准直器 10和输出光纤 准直器 20之间。 The input fiber collimator 10 and the output fiber collimator 20 are disposed opposite each other and are respectively interfaced with the input fiber 12 and the output fiber 22, and the optical isolator core 30 is disposed between the input fiber collimator 10 and the output fiber collimator 20. .
下面对上述光纤模式转换器进行详细描述。如图 4所示，本发明还相应提 供了一种光纤模式转换器，包括上述输入光纤准直器 10和输出光纤准直器 20。 The above fiber mode converter will be described in detail below. As shown in FIG. 4, the present invention also provides a fiber mode converter including the above-described input fiber collimator 10 and output fiber collimator 20.
其中， 输入光纤准直器 10至少包括与输入光纤 12对接的输入准直透镜 11， 输出光纤准直器 20至少包括与输出光纤对接的输出准直透镜 21。 为了实 现输入 /输出光纤模式之间的匹配， 两个光纤准直器的准直光束直径应该相同， 即输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜的准直光束直径相等。
参照图 3和图 4，在本实施例中采用玻璃毛细管和玻璃管对光纤与准直透 镜进行封装， 从而在物理结构上进行连接。 输入光纤准直器 10还包括输入玻 璃毛细管 13和输入玻璃管 14， 其中输入玻璃管 14包裹在输入玻璃毛细管 13 和输入准直透镜 11外， 从而将两者封装在一起， 在使用时， 只需要将输入光 纤 12插入输入玻璃毛细管 13中即可实现对接。 同理， 输出光纤准直器 20具 有相同结构的输出玻璃毛细管 23和输出玻璃管 24。 应该理解的是， 本领域技 术人员可以采用其他方法对准直透镜与光纤之间进行封装， 从而方便使用。 The input fiber collimator 10 includes at least an input collimating lens 11 that interfaces with the input fiber 12, and the output fiber collimator 20 includes at least an output collimating lens 21 that interfaces with the output fiber. In order to achieve matching between the input/output fiber modes, the collimated beam diameters of the two fiber collimators should be the same, that is, the collimated beam diameters of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are equal. Referring to Figures 3 and 4, in the present embodiment, the optical fiber and the collimating lens are packaged using a glass capillary tube and a glass tube to be physically connected. The input fiber collimator 10 further includes an input glass capillary 13 and an input glass tube 14, wherein the input glass tube 14 is wrapped around the input glass capillary 13 and the input collimating lens 11, thereby encapsulating the two together, in use, only The input fiber 12 needs to be inserted into the input glass capillary 13 to achieve docking. Similarly, the output fiber collimator 20 has an output glass capillary 23 and an output glass tube 24 of the same structure. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can use other methods to align the lens between the straight lens and the optical fiber for convenient use.
本发明提出以不同参数的光纤和准直透镜来制作光纤准直器， 实现输入 / 输出光纤之间的模式变换。 本发明使用的准直透镜， 可以采用 C-Lens (—种 柱形平-凸透镜）或者自聚焦透镜（GRIN-Lens , —种柱形渐变折射率透镜）来 实现。 The invention proposes to fabricate a fiber collimator with optical fibers and collimating lenses with different parameters to realize mode conversion between input/output fibers. The collimating lens used in the present invention can be realized by C-Lens (a cylindrical flat-convex lens) or a self-focusing lens (GRIN-Lens, a cylindrical gradient index lens).
请参阅图 5， 为本发明采用的准直透镜的第一实施例的结构示意图。 如图 5所示， 该实施例中光纤模式转换器采用的柱形平-凸透镜， 该 C-Lens的参数 包括折射率《、长度 和凸面曲率半径^设 为光波长， ω0为光纤模场半径， 为准直光束半径； 则图 5中以 C-Lens为光纤准直透镜的准直光束尺寸如式 ( 1 ) 所示： Please refer to FIG. 5 , which is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of a collimating lens used in the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the fiber-optic mode converter of this embodiment adopts a cylindrical flat-convex lens, and the parameters of the C-Lens include a refractive index, a length and a convex curvature radius are set to a light wavelength, and ω 0 is a fiber mode field. The radius is the collimated beam radius; then the collimated beam size of C-Lens as the fiber collimating lens in Figure 5 is as shown in equation (1):
\n - 1 )πω( 设输入准直透镜 11和输出准直透镜 21均为柱形平-凸透镜， 且在放置时 透镜的凸面相对设置。 设输入准直透镜 11和输出准直透镜 21的折射率相等， 输入准直透镜 11的凸面曲率半径为 A, 输出准直透镜凸面曲率半径为 R2。通 过计算可得以下公式： \n - 1 ) πω (The input collimating lens 11 and the output collimating lens 21 are both cylindrical flat-convex lenses, and the convex surfaces of the lenses are oppositely disposed when placed. The input collimating lens 11 and the output collimating lens 21 are provided. The refractive index is equal, the convex curvature radius of the input collimating lens 11 is A, and the convex curvature radius of the output collimating lens is R 2 . The following formula can be obtained by calculation:
U (2 ) 其中， ^和 ω2分别为输入光纤和输出光纤的光纤模场半径。 U (2 ) where ^ and ω 2 are the mode field radii of the input fiber and the output fiber, respectively.
请参阅图 6， 为本发明采用的准直透镜的第二实施例的结构示意图。 如图 5 所示， 该实施例中采用自聚焦透镜， 该 GRIN-Lens 的参数包括中心折射率
«。、 长度 z和自聚焦常数 。 设 为光波长， ω。为光纤模场半径， ^为准直 光束半径； 则图 6中以 GRIN-Lens为光纤准直透镜的准直光束尺寸如式 （3 ) Please refer to FIG. 6, which is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of a collimating lens used in the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, in this embodiment, a self-focusing lens is used, and the parameters of the GRIN-Lens include a central refractive index. «. , length z and self-focusing constant. Set to the light wavelength, ω. For the fiber mode field radius, ^ is the collimated beam radius; then the collimated beam size of GRIN-Lens as the fiber collimating lens in Figure 6 is as shown in equation (3)
设输入准直透镜 11和输出准直透镜 21均为自聚焦透镜；设输入准直透镜 11 的中心折射率为 Wl， 自聚焦常数为 ， 输出准直透镜 21 的中心折射率为 n2， 自聚焦常数为 。 通过计算可得输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜的参数满 足以下公式：
It is assumed that the input collimating lens 11 and the output collimating lens 21 are both self-focusing lenses; the center refractive index of the input collimating lens 11 is W1 , the self-focusing constant is, and the central refractive index of the output collimating lens 21 is n 2 , The focus constant is . The parameters of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are calculated by the following formula:
其中， ^和 ω2分别为输入光纤和输出光纤的光纤模场半径。 Where ^ and ω 2 are the mode field radii of the input fiber and the output fiber, respectively.
请参阅图 7和图 8， 分别为本发明采用的光隔离器芯的第一实施例和第二 实施例的结构示意图。 Please refer to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, which are respectively schematic structural views of the first embodiment and the second embodiment of the optical isolator core used in the present invention.
图 7中第一实施例采用位移晶体的光隔离器芯实现。 图 7中上、下两部分 子图分别为该采用位移晶体的光隔离器芯的正向光路和反向光路。该采用位移 晶体的光隔离器芯包括两块位移晶体， 即位移晶体 1和位移晶体 2， 分别与输 入光纤侧和输出光纤侧对接， 在本实施例中分别与输入光纤准直器 10和输出 光纤准直器 20相接。 且位移晶体 1和位移晶体 2之间设有旋光片和半波片， 并在中部设有磁环。 通过上述结构就能实现光的单向传输。 The first embodiment of Figure 7 is implemented using an optical isolator core of a displacement crystal. The upper and lower sub-pictures in Fig. 7 are the forward optical path and the reverse optical path of the optical isolator core using the displacement crystal, respectively. The optical isolator core using the displacement crystal comprises two displacement crystals, namely a displacement crystal 1 and a displacement crystal 2, which are respectively connected to the input fiber side and the output fiber side, respectively, in this embodiment, respectively, with the input fiber collimator 10 and the output. The fiber collimator 20 is connected. And an optical rotating film and a half wave plate are arranged between the displacement crystal 1 and the displacement crystal 2, and a magnetic ring is arranged in the middle. One-way transmission of light can be achieved by the above structure.
图 8中第二实施例采用双折射楔角片的光隔离器芯实现。图 8中左、右两 部分子图分别为该采用双折射楔角片的光隔离器芯的正向光路和反向光路。该 采用双折射楔角片的光隔离器芯包括内部的双折射楔角片， 以及外部的磁环。 通过该结构也能实现光的单向传输。 The second embodiment of Figure 8 is implemented using an optical isolator core of birefringent wedge segments. The left and right sub-pictures in Fig. 8 are the forward optical path and the reverse optical path of the optical isolator core using the birefringent wedge piece, respectively. The opto-isolator core using the birefringent wedge-corner includes an inner birefringent wedge piece and an outer magnetic ring. One-way transmission of light can also be achieved by this structure.
下面对本发明提出的具有模式转换功能的光纤隔离器的具体实施步骤进 行说明： The specific implementation steps of the optical fiber isolator with mode switching function proposed by the present invention are described below:
1) 根据实际应用需求选择输入光纤 /输出光纤， 获得两者的光纤模场半径 参数 ωι和 co2 , 根据光隔离器芯通光孔径确定准直光束半径 coc。
2) 如果选择以 C-Lens作为准直透镜， 通过式 （5-6)计算两个透镜的曲率 半径。 1) Select the input fiber/output fiber according to the actual application requirements, obtain the fiber mode radius parameters ωι and co 2 of the two , and determine the collimated beam radius co c according to the optical aperture of the optical isolator core. 2) If C-Lens is selected as the collimating lens, the radius of curvature of the two lenses is calculated by equation (5-6).
{η - \)πω(:ωι (5 ) {η - \)πω (: ω ι (5 )
R, = R, =
λ λ
{η - \)πωεω. {η - \)πω ε ω.
R = (6) 如果选择以 GRIN-Lens作为准直透镜， 通过式 （7-8 ) 确定两个透镜的 折射率和自聚焦常数。 R = (6) If GRIN-Lens is selected as the collimating lens, the refractive index and autofocus constant of the two lenses are determined by equation (7-8).
ηι = ^^ (7) η ι = ^^ (7)
λ
λ
3) 采用以上选定的光纤和设计的准直透镜，分别制作输入和输出光纤准直 器。 由于满足式（2)或者式 （4)条件， 两个光纤准直器的准直光斑尺 寸相同， 输入与输出光纤的模场得到匹配。 3) Make the input and output fiber collimators separately using the selected fiber and the collimating lens designed above. Since the conditions of equation (2) or equation (4) are satisfied, the collimation spot sizes of the two fiber collimators are the same, and the mode fields of the input and output fibers are matched.
4) 设计和制作传统结构的光隔离器芯， 如图 7或者图 8所示。 4) Design and fabricate the optical isolator core of the traditional structure, as shown in Figure 7 or Figure 8.
将以上制备的输入 /输出光纤准直器与光隔离器芯联调并封装， 即实现具 有模式转换功能的光纤隔离器。 The above-prepared input/output fiber collimator and the optical isolator core are coupled and packaged to realize a fiber optic isolator with mode conversion function.
综上所述， 本发明是在分析现有光隔离器和模式转换器工作原理的基础 上， 提出一种功能集成的光器件结构， 以达到减小损耗、 縮小体积和降低成本 的效果。该光隔离器可通过正向传输光而隔离反向传输光， 并同时具有光纤模 式转换功能， 可应用于光纤激光器中， 在光纤激光器的各级之间， 隔离反向传 输光并对光纤模式进行转换和匹配。该器件在现有光隔离器结构的基础上， 以 不同参数的光纤和准直透镜来制作输入 /输出光纤准直器， 通过各自参数之间 的匹配设计， 实现输入 /输出光纤模式之间的匹配。 In summary, the present invention is based on analyzing the working principle of the existing optical isolator and mode converter, and proposes a functional integrated optical device structure to achieve the effects of reducing loss, reducing volume, and reducing cost. The optical isolator can isolate the reverse transmission light by transmitting light in the forward direction, and has the fiber mode conversion function. It can be applied to the fiber laser, and the reverse transmission light and the fiber mode are isolated between the stages of the fiber laser. Convert and match. Based on the existing optical isolator structure, the device uses an optical fiber and a collimating lens with different parameters to fabricate an input/output fiber collimator. The design between the input/output fiber modes is achieved by matching the parameters between the respective parameters. match.
本发明是根据特定实施例进行描述的，但本领域的技术人员应明白在不脱 The invention has been described in terms of specific embodiments, but those skilled in the art will understand that
-土 ί本发明范围时， 可进行各种变化和等同替换。此外， 为适应本发明技术的特 定场合， 可对本发明进行诸多修改而不脱离其保护范围。 因此， 本发明并不限 于在此公开的特定实施例， 而包括所有落入到权利要求保护范围的实施例。
Various changes and equivalent substitutions are possible in the context of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to the invention without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, and all the embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims
1、 一种光纤模式转换器， 其特征在于， 包括相对设置的输入光纤准直器 和输出光纤准直器； What is claimed is: 1. A fiber mode converter, comprising: an oppositely disposed input fiber collimator and an output fiber collimator;
所述输入光纤准直器包括与输入光纤对接的输入准直透镜； The input fiber collimator includes an input collimating lens that interfaces with the input fiber;
所述输出光纤准直器包括与输出光纤对接的输出准直透镜； The output fiber collimator includes an output collimating lens that interfaces with the output fiber;
所述输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜相对设置，且所述输入准直透镜和输出 准直透镜的准直光束直径相等。 The input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are oppositely disposed, and the collimating beam diameters of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are equal.
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的光纤模式转换器， 其特征在于： 2. The fiber mode converter of claim 1 wherein:
所述输入光纤准直器还包括用于套接所述输入光纤的输入玻璃毛细管，以 及封装所述输入玻璃毛细管和输入准直透镜的输入玻璃管； The input fiber collimator further includes an input glass capillary for nesting the input fiber, and an input glass tube encapsulating the input glass capillary and the input collimating lens;
所述输出光纤准直器还包括用于套接所述输出光纤的输出玻璃毛细管，以 及封装所述输出玻璃毛细管和输出准直透镜的输出玻璃管。 The output fiber collimator further includes an output glass capillary for nesting the output fiber, and an output glass tube encapsulating the output glass capillary and the output collimating lens.
3、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的光纤模式转换器， 其特征在于， 所述输入 准直透镜和输出准直透镜均为柱形平-凸透镜； 所述输入准直透镜和输出准直 透镜在折射率相等的情况下满足以下公式： 
The fiber mode converter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are both cylindrical flat-convex lenses; the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens The following formula is satisfied with equal refractive indices:
其中， 和^分别为输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜凸面曲率半径， ^和 ω2分别为输入光纤和输出光纤的光纤模场半径。 Wherein, and ^ are the convex curvature radius of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens, respectively, and ^ and ω 2 are the mode field radius of the input fiber and the output fiber, respectively.
4、 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的光纤模式转换器， 其特征在于， 所述输入 准直透镜和输出准直透镜均为自聚焦透镜；所述输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜 的参数满足以下公式： 
The fiber mode converter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are both autofocus lenses; parameters of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens Meet the following formula:
其中， 和《2分别为输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜的中心折射率， 和 分别为输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜的自聚焦常数， ^和 ω2分别为输入光 纤和输出光纤的光纤模场半径。 Wherein, and " 2 are the central refractive indices of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens, respectively, and the autofocusing constants of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens, respectively, ^ and ω 2 are the input fiber and the output fiber, respectively. Fiber mode field radius.
5、 一种具有模式转换功能的光纤隔离器， 其特征在于， 包括集成在一起 的光纤模式转换器和光隔离器芯，所述光纤模式转换器包括相对设置的输入光 纤准直器和输出光纤准直器，所述光隔离器芯设置在所述输入光纤准直器和输 出光纤准直器之间； 5. A fiber optic isolator having a mode switching function, comprising: an integrated fiber mode converter and an optical isolator core, wherein the fiber mode converter comprises a relatively disposed input fiber collimator and an output fiber quasi a light isolator core disposed between the input fiber collimator and the output fiber collimator;
所述输入光纤准直器包括与输入光纤对接的输入准直透镜； The input fiber collimator includes an input collimating lens that interfaces with the input fiber;
所述输出光纤准直器包括与输出光纤对接的输出准直透镜； The output fiber collimator includes an output collimating lens that interfaces with the output fiber;
所述输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜相对所述光隔离器芯设置，且所述输入 准直透镜和输出准直透镜的准直光束直径相等。 The input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are disposed relative to the optical isolator core, and the collimating beam diameters of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are equal.
6、根据权利要求 5所述的具有模式转换功能的光纤隔离器，其特征在于: 所述输入光纤准直器还包括用于套接所述输入光纤的输入玻璃毛细管，以 及封装所述输入玻璃毛细管和输入准直透镜的输入玻璃管； 6. The fiber optic isolator with mode switching function of claim 5, wherein: the input fiber collimator further comprises an input glass capillary for nesting the input fiber, and packaging the input glass Capillary and input glass tube for input collimating lens;
所述输出光纤准直器还包括用于套接所述输出光纤的输出玻璃毛细管，以 及封装所述输出玻璃毛细管和输出准直透镜的输出玻璃管。 The output fiber collimator further includes an output glass capillary for nesting the output fiber, and an output glass tube encapsulating the output glass capillary and the output collimating lens.
7、 根据权利要求 5或 6所述的具有模式转换功能的光纤隔离器， 其特征 在于， 所述输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜均为柱形平-凸透镜； 所述输入准直 透镜和输出准直透镜在折射率相等的情况下满足以下公式： 
The optical fiber isolator with mode conversion function according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are both cylindrical flat-convex lenses; the input collimating lens and The output collimating lens satisfies the following formula with equal refractive indices:
其中， 和^分别为输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜凸面曲率半径， ^和 ω2分别为输入光纤和输出光纤的光纤模场半径。 Wherein, and ^ are the convex curvature radius of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens, respectively, and ^ and ω 2 are the mode field radius of the input fiber and the output fiber, respectively.
8、 根据权利要求 5或 6所述的光纤模式转换器， 其特征在于， 所述输入 准直透镜和输出准直透镜均为自聚焦透镜；所述输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜 的参数满足以下公式： 
The fiber mode converter according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens are both autofocus lenses; parameters of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens Meet the following formula:
其中， 和《2分别为输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜的中心折射率， 和 分别为输入准直透镜和输出准直透镜的自聚焦常数， ^和 ω2分别为输入光 纤和输出光纤的光纤模场半径。 Wherein, and " 2 are the central refractive indices of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens, respectively, and the autofocusing constants of the input collimating lens and the output collimating lens, respectively, ^ and ω 2 are the input fiber and the output fiber, respectively. Fiber mode field radius.
9、 根据权利要求 5或 6所述的具有模式转换功能的光纤隔离器， 其特征 在于， 所述光隔离器芯为采用位移晶体的光隔离器芯。 The optical fiber isolator having a mode switching function according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the optical isolator core is an optical isolator core using a displacement crystal.
10、根据权利要求 5或 6所述的具有模式转换功能的光纤隔离器，其特征 在于， 所述光隔离器芯为采用双折射楔角片的光隔离器芯。 The optical fiber isolator having a mode switching function according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the optical isolator core is an optical isolator core using a birefringent wedge piece.
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| US9973283B2 (en) | 2013-04-11 | 2018-05-15 | Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development Lp | Mode conversion for optical isolation |
| CN105938223A (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2016-09-14 | 苏州伽蓝致远电子科技股份有限公司 | Low-loss four-port hybrid two-wavelength wavelength division multiplexing optical passive device |
| CN110770616B (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2021-02-05 | 罗格斯(新泽西州立)大学 | Ultra-compact plane mode size converter based on integrated aspheric semi-transparent mirror |
| CN108321668A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-07-24 | 无锡市德科立光电子技术有限公司 | The pure smooth fiber amplifier of microminiature |
| WO2021039572A1 (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2021-03-04 | 京セラ株式会社 | Optical module and optical unit |
| CN111474632B (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-12-04 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防科技创新研究院 | Optical fiber on-line isolator |
| CN112630888A (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2021-04-09 | 光越科技(深圳)有限公司 | Mode field conversion system |
| CN114137666A (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-03-04 | 北京光润通科技发展有限公司 | One-way collimator assembly |
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