WO2013023088A1 - Geste à deux doigts sur un capteur linéaire ou un capteur à une seule couche - Google Patents

Geste à deux doigts sur un capteur linéaire ou un capteur à une seule couche Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013023088A1
WO2013023088A1 PCT/US2012/050191 US2012050191W WO2013023088A1 WO 2013023088 A1 WO2013023088 A1 WO 2013023088A1 US 2012050191 W US2012050191 W US 2012050191W WO 2013023088 A1 WO2013023088 A1 WO 2013023088A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
finger
current
linear electrode
aperture measurement
integrating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2012/050191
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Keith L. Paulsen
Original Assignee
Cirque Corporation
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Cirque Corporation filed Critical Cirque Corporation
Priority to CN201280039143.2A priority Critical patent/CN103733166A/zh
Priority to JP2014525153A priority patent/JP2014525611A/ja
Publication of WO2013023088A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013023088A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/0416—Control or interface arrangements specially adapted for digitisers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03—Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/041—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means
    • G06F3/044—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means
    • G06F3/0444—Digitisers, e.g. for touch screens or touch pads, characterised by the transducing means by capacitive means using a single conductive element covering the whole sensing surface, e.g. by sensing the electrical current flowing at the corners
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01—Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/048—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI]
    • G06F3/0487—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser
    • G06F3/0488—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures
    • G06F3/04883—Interaction techniques based on graphical user interfaces [GUI] using specific features provided by the input device, e.g. functions controlled by the rotation of a mouse with dual sensing arrangements, or of the nature of the input device, e.g. tap gestures based on pressure sensed by a digitiser using a touch-screen or digitiser, e.g. input of commands through traced gestures for inputting data by handwriting, e.g. gesture or text
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/00 - G06F3/048
    • G06F2203/041—Indexing scheme relating to G06F3/041 - G06F3/045
    • G06F2203/04104—Multi-touch detection in digitiser, i.e. details about the simultaneous detection of a plurality of touching locations, e.g. multiple fingers or pen and finger

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to touchpads using surface capacitance technology. More specifically, the present invention is a new method for identifying gestures that are based on two fingers placed in proximity of a resistive trace or a plurality of resistive traces .
  • figure 1 is a top view of an array of orthogonal electrodes 6, such as a plurality of X (2) and Y (4) electrodes, which are often used in touchpad and touch screen technologies such as those produced by Cirque
  • FIG. 1 An example of surface capacitance technology is shown in figure 2.
  • a surface cap panel 10 is a solid sheet of a conductive material 16 disposed on an insulating substrate 18 such as glass, with sensors 12 disposed at the corners.
  • the traditional method of measuring the position of a pointing object 14 or the "touch position" on the surface capacitance touch panel 10 is to apply an AC signal on all four corners of the touch panel's conductive layer 16,
  • the conductive layer 16 can be made, for example, of Indium Tin Oxide ( ⁇ ) ,
  • the surface of the glass substrate 18 is flooded or covered with a substantially even layer of a resistive ITO material which forms a sheet
  • a dielectric is then applied to cover the ITO conductive material.
  • capacitance value is very small, typically in the order of 50pF.
  • the amount of charge or current that has to be measured, going into each corner 12 of the panel is therefore very small. Because the current, is so small, the system is very susceptible to stray capacitance. Thus, the accuracy of touch panels 10 is often an issue.
  • stationary electronic appliances such as computers, smart phones, and any other device that can use a touch interface
  • a second point of contact such as a finger and thumb or two fingers
  • gestures such as "pinch and zoom", pan, rotate, etc.
  • Other applications use a third simultaneous contact for a "next and previous" gesture, and even a fourth simultaneous contact for switching between applications .
  • Multi-finger gestures can also be accomplished using an "area gesture”, such as in the method taught by Cirque
  • the multiple contacts as only a single large object, where the multiple contacts only define the outer boundaries of the large object.
  • the multiple points of contact can therefore be considered to have a height and a width.
  • the CIRQUE ⁇ Corporation touchpad is a mutual capacitance- sensing device and an example is illustrated as a block diagram in figure 3.
  • this touchpad 210 a grid of X (12) and Y (14) electrodes and a sense electrode 216 is used to define the touch-sensitive area 218 of the touchpad.
  • the touchpad 210 is a rectangular grid of
  • the CIRQUE ⁇ Corporation touchpad 210 measures an
  • the touchpad circuitry 220 When no pointing object is on or in proximity to the touchpad 210, the touchpad circuitry 220 is in a balanced state, and there is no charge imbalance on the sense line 216.
  • a pointing object creates imbalance because of capacitive coupling when the object, approaches or touches a touch surface (the sensing area 218 of the touchpad. 210) , a change in capacitance occurs on the electrodes 212, 214. What is measured is the change in capacitance, but not the absolute capacitance value on the electrodes 212, 214.
  • the touchpad 210 determines the change in capacitance by measuring the amount of charge that must be injected onto the sense line 216 to reestablish or regain balance of charge on the sense line.
  • the system above is utilized to determine the position of a finger on or in proximity to a touchpad 210 as follows.
  • This example describes row electrodes 212, and is repeated in the same manner for the column electrodes 214.
  • the values obtained from the row and column electrode measurements determine an intersection which is the centroid of the pointing object on or in proximity to the touchpad 210,
  • a first set of row electrodes 212 are driven with a first signal from P, N generator 222, and a different but adjacent second set of row electrodes are driven with a second signal from the P, N generator.
  • the touchpad circuitry 220 obtains a value from the sense line 216 using a mutual capacitance measuring device 226 that indicates which row electrode is closest to the pointing object. However, the touchpad circuitry 220 under the control of some
  • microcontroller 228 cannot yet determine on which side of the row electrode the pointing object is located, nor can the touchpad circuitry 20 determine just how far the pointing object is located away from the electrode.
  • the system shifts by one electrode the group of electrodes 212 to be driven. In other words, the electrode on one side of the group is added, while the electrode on the opposite side of the group is no longer driven.
  • the new group is then driven by the P, generator 222 and a second measurement of the sense line 216 is taken.
  • the sensitivity or resolution of the CIRQUE ⁇ Corporation touchpad is much higher than the 16 by 12 grid of row and column electrodes implies.
  • the resolution is typically on the order of 960 counts per inch, or greater.
  • resolution is determined by the sensitivity of the components, the spacing between the electrodes 212, 214 on the same rows and columns, and other factors that are not material to the present invention.
  • the sense electrode can actually be the X or Y electrodes 212, 214 by using multiplexing.
  • the present invention is a linear sensor (a single linear electrode) or a single layer sensor (a plurality of parallel and planar electrodes) that may be used in a single layer sensor, wherein a pinching gesture by two fingers can be detected on the linear or single layer sensors by measuring and then integrating current to determine if a finger is moving away from or towards an edge of the sensor, or it can be determined if the distance between the fingers is changing.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of an X and Y electrode grid touchpad as found, in the prior art.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of a surface cap panel as fo nd, in the rior art.
  • Figure 3 is a block diagram of operation of an embodiment of a conventional touchpad having electrodes that is found in the prior art, and which is adaptable for use in the present invention .
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of a surface cap panel 10 that is made in accordance with the principles of the present invention .
  • Figure 5 is a circuit diagram showing how a current measuring circuit comprised of a capacitor and a current measuring sensor is applied to the surface cap panel when a single object is present.
  • Figure 6 is a top view of a surface cap panel in the first embodiment for use with the 8 Wire Method that can detect a plurality of objects.
  • Figure 7 is a circuit diagram showing how a current measuring circuit comprised of two capacitors and two current measuring sensors are applied to the surface cap panel to detect a plurality of objects.
  • Figure 8 is a graph showing the measurements made during different time apertures.
  • Figure 9 is a top view of a surface cap panel that shows in which corners the electrodes of the current measuring circuit are p[ laced for the 8 different measurements that must be made in order to detect a plurality of objects.
  • Figure 10 is an alternative embodiment of a surface cap panel that can be used, in the present invention.
  • Figure 11 is a profile view of a single linear electrode in contact with two fingers.
  • Figure 12 is a schematic diagram, that represents an electrical circuit of figure 10.
  • Figure 13 is a graph showing a curve that, represents integrated current -when a finger is relatively near to an edge of the linear electrode, and a curve that represents integrated current when a finger is relatively far from the edge .
  • Figure 14 is a top view of a plurality of electrodes in a single layer.
  • FIG 4 is a perspective view of a surface cap panel 10 that is made in accordance with the principles of the present invention.
  • a new and novel approach to determining the position of an object on the touch panel is to charge a large capacitor and then apply this "flying capacitor" to two opposite ends of the touch panel 10.
  • this method measures the instantaneous and total current induced in a contact on a surface of the surface cap panel 20 when a constant voltage gradient is produced across the surface in a single axis.
  • a sensitive current measuring circuit 32 as shewn in figure 5 is applied to the surface cap panel 10 to make this current, measurement.
  • the flying capacitor 30 is used to charge the surface cap panel 10. Any charge that is removed from the surface cap panel 10 is measured with the current, measuring circuit 32.
  • Linearity of a voltage gradient can improve accuracy of the surface cap panel 10 in figure 4. Therefore, in a first step, it. is desirable but. not essential that, a lower
  • the voltage gradient lines 20 become closer and more linear from a top edge 26 to a bottom edge 28.
  • the present invention extends the capability of the "flying cap” method of position determination by using what is referred to as the "8 Wire Method”.
  • the surface cap panel 40 used for the 8 Wire Method is shown in figure 6.
  • a gap 42 is created in each corner so that individual electrodes can be connected to the low resistance material at each end of the low resistance path.
  • electrodes are coupled at 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62 and 64, which are the 8 wires of the 8 Wire Method.
  • the low resistance paths are separated but are sufficiently close to each other so as to form the constant voltage gradient as in the 4 Wire Method of the co-pending application .
  • the 8 Wire Method is performed by measuring the charge transfer rate in addition to the total charge transfer for each event.
  • An event is defined as when a measurement is taken.
  • the charge transfer rate is used to determine the distance between two points of contact on the surface cap panel 40. Height and width information related to the distance between the two points of contact is thus determined by doubling the number of electrodes at the corners of the surface cap panel 40.
  • Figure 7 shews a modified current measurement circuit 70 that is used in the 8 Wire Method.
  • two flying capacitors 72 and 74 are applied simultaneously to the surface cap panel 40. Simultaneous application of the flying
  • capacitors 72 and 74 enables relative measurement of the aggregate resistance between contacts and. horizontal and vertical low resistance paths on the surface cap panel 40. Specifically, the position of the contacts on the surface cap panel 40 is determined by measuring the current through the multiple fingers and determining the effective Norton resistances for each parallel axis to the contacts.
  • the Norton resistance is derived by two (2) successive integrations of the current in each axis.
  • the two (2) measurements integrated over a long and short aperture of time allow for the RC time constant to be determined.
  • the position or proximity of a contact to an edge is then derived from the computed resistance between the contact and the edge.
  • the total integrated current (area under the curve below) is proportional to the finger capacitance.
  • the present invention also extends the capability of the previous 4 Wire "flying cap” method by measuring rapid changes in capacitance to detect a second point of contact. Holding the first point of contact position fixed and moving the second point of contact provides midpoint location information that can now be used, for example, to provide information for a "rotate" gesture.
  • FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a surface cap panel 40 of the present invention.
  • the corners of the surface cap panel are labeled A, B, C and D.
  • Fl is an arbitrarily selected point of contact for a first pointing object.
  • F2 is an arbitrarily selected point of contact for a second pointing object.
  • 0 is labeled as the midpoint between points of contact Fl and F2.
  • Oppositely charged capacitors are applied successively between Detect Electrodes and Drive Electrodes. Charge that is leaving the surface cap panel in a specific aperture of time is accumulated in a specific aperture of time.
  • the aspect ratio related to the vertical and horizontal spacing of contacts is determined by the average of the ratio of Ax and Ay for each measurement (Ml through M8 ) .
  • MRn (Axn - Ayn) / (Axn + Ayn) .
  • Aspect Ratio - (MR1/MR5 + MR2/MR6 + MR3/MR.7 - MR4/MR8) / 4.
  • Figure 10 is provided as an alternative embodiment of the surface cap panel 40.
  • a small slot 80 is created in the surface resistive material at. each corner to further separate the electrodes 50, 52, 54, 56, 58, 60, 62 and. 64.
  • the slot 80 extends from the outside corner protruding up to the active area of the surface cap panel 40 where contacts are made.
  • the principles of the present invention may now be applied to a linear sensor comprised of a single electrode, and to a single layer sensor comprised of a plurality of parallel electrodes in a plane. More specifically, the principles of the present invention may be directed to a gesture commonly known as a pinch gesture.
  • a pinch gesture two fingers or a finger and thumb (hereinafter referred to as fingers) are brought together or moved apart.
  • a typical application for a pinch gesture is to perform a "zoom in” function when the two fingers are brought together, and to perform a "zoom out” function when the two fingers are moved apart.
  • any function may be applied to the moving together and moving apart motions of the two fingers. What is important is that the two finger gesture be
  • Figure 11 is a profile view of a single or linear electrode 90. Two fingers 92 and 94 appear to be touching the single electrode 90. It is assumed that a layer of a non- conductive or dielectric material such as glass separates the fingers 92, 94 from physical contact with the single electrode 90.
  • the motion being performed by the finger 92 is always the same motion as the finger 94.
  • the fingers 92, 94 are performing a pinch gesture, wherein the fingers 92 and 94 are either moving towards each other or are moving part from each other.
  • the present invention uses the technique of taking short aperture measurements and long aperture measurements described above for the surface cap concept.
  • the present invention can be used to determine the distance of each finger from an outer edge of the single electrode 90, and from those measurements determine the distance between the fingers, such information may or may not be needed in order to just perform the pinch gesture.
  • the distance between the fingers 92, 94 along the single electrode 90 can be determined by measuring the electrode resistance from the edge 100 to the finger 92, and from an edge 102 to the finger 94, However, it is not necessary to know the spacing between the fingers 92, 94 if it is only necessary to know if the pinch gesture is being performed. Nevertheless, if the length Dl of the single electrode 90 is known, and it is possible to determine the distance D2 between the edge 100 and the finger 92, and the distance D4 between the edge 102 and finger 94, then the distance D3 between the fingers 92, 94 can be precisely determined .
  • Figure 12 shows a schematic diagram of figure 11.
  • the first finger 92 is shown with a grounded end 110, and a capacitance 112 such as the capacitance through a glass layer on the single electrode 90.
  • the second finger 94 is shown with a grounded, end 114 and a capacitance 116 which is the capacitance through the glass layer on the electrode 90.
  • An AC signal is applied to the electrode 90 in order for the signal to get across the capacitances 112 and 116.
  • Measurement circuitry is used to measure the current passing through the fingers 92, 94.
  • the signal must, be applied from each edge of the single electrode 90 in order to determine the distance of each finger from each edge.
  • the RC time constant, group delay or phase shift is proportional to the resistance of the single electrode 90 and can be found by two successive measurements of current using a short and long aperture measurement.
  • FIG 13 shows a graph of current integrated as a function of time.
  • a signal is applied at time Tl and the integrated current is measured at time T2 and at time T3 , Time T2 is the short aperture measurement, and time T3 represents the long aperture measurement.
  • the signal is first applied to the electrode 90, the current initially rises rapidly and then levels off as the functional equivalent of a capacitor is charged.
  • the rate at which the capacitor is charged is a function of the distance of a finger from the edge of the electrode 90.
  • Curve 122 is the resulting integrated current curve when the distance D2 is larger and the resistance of the single electrode 92 is thus greater.
  • the curves 120, 122 only need to be compared to each other. If the curves are substantially identical, then the finger 92 is not moving. If the second, curve is flatter than the first curve, then the finger 92 is moving away from the edge 100, and if the first curve is flatter than the second curve, then the finger 92 is moving towards the edge of the linear electrode 90.
  • the first curve can thus be considered to be a first position, and the second curve can be considered to be a second position relative to the first.
  • the distance D2 is first determined by measuring current to the finger 92 and integrating the current over time, the first measurement or short aperture measurement taken at time T2 and the second or long aperture measurement taken at time T3. This information can be used to determine a precise location. Then, to determine if the distance D2 is growing larger or smaller, a subsequent set of two
  • curve 120 represents the first set of calculations and curve 122 represents the second set of calculations, then it is known that finger 92 is moving away from the edge 100 and towards the finger 94.
  • curve 122 represents the first set of calculations and curve 120 represents the second set. of calculations, then it is known that, finger 92 is moving towards edge 100 and therefore away from finger 94.
  • a precise distance D2 may be determined if a precise location of the finger 92 along the length of the single electrode 90 is needed.
  • Another way to analyze the results of integrated current, represented by the curves 120 and 122 is to state that the ratio of integrated current of curve 120 when the integrated, current at time T3 is only slightly larger than the amount of integrated current at time T2.
  • the ratio of integrated currents may thus be characterized as approaching 1:1 as the distance D2 becomes small,, or the finger 92 moves closer to the edge 100.
  • curve 120 represents a smaller ratio of integrated current than the curve 122.
  • the measured or calculated, values may then be compared to each other in order to
  • the measuring circuitry that is used by the present invention is capable of accurately measuring current flow through at least one electrode, the current flow caused by a signal generator applying a signal to the at least one electrode and at least one finger making contact with a dielectric material disposed over at least one electrode.
  • the measuring circuitry includes a processor for recording measurements and for integrating current flow through the at least one electrode.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Position Input By Displaying (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un capteur linéaire (une électrode unique) ou un capteur à une seule couche (une pluralité d'électrodes parallèles et planes) qui peuvent être utilisés dans un capteur à une seule couche, un geste de pincement par deux doigts pouvant être détecté sur les capteurs linéaire ou à une seule couche par mesure puis intégration d'un courant pour déterminer si un doigt se déplace à distance d'un bord du capteur ou vers celui-ci, ou il peut être déterminé si la distance entre les doigts change ou non.
PCT/US2012/050191 2011-08-09 2012-08-09 Geste à deux doigts sur un capteur linéaire ou un capteur à une seule couche WO2013023088A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201280039143.2A CN103733166A (zh) 2011-08-09 2012-08-09 在线性传感器或单层传感器上的两指手势
JP2014525153A JP2014525611A (ja) 2011-08-09 2012-08-09 線形センサまたは単一層センサ上の２本指ジェスチャ

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201161521475P 2011-08-09 2011-08-09
US61/521,475 2011-08-09

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013023088A1 true WO2013023088A1 (fr) 2013-02-14

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2012/050191 WO2013023088A1 (fr) 2011-08-09 2012-08-09 Geste à deux doigts sur un capteur linéaire ou un capteur à une seule couche

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JP (1) JP2014525611A (fr)
CN (1) CN103733166A (fr)
WO (1) WO2013023088A1 (fr)

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CN103257714A (zh) * 2013-05-31 2013-08-21 深圳职业技术学院 一种支持手势识别的一体机
CN103809748A (zh) * 2013-12-16 2014-05-21 天津三星通信技术研究有限公司 便携式终端及其手势识别方法
GB2507963A (en) * 2012-11-14 2014-05-21 Renergy Sarl Controlling a Graphical User Interface
CN104731430A (zh) * 2013-12-24 2015-06-24 Nlt科技股份有限公司 触摸传感器装置及电子设备

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2507963A (en) * 2012-11-14 2014-05-21 Renergy Sarl Controlling a Graphical User Interface
US9268400B2 (en) 2012-11-14 2016-02-23 Renergy Sarl Controlling a graphical user interface
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CN103257714B (zh) * 2013-05-31 2014-03-26 深圳职业技术学院 一种支持手势识别的一体机
CN103809748A (zh) * 2013-12-16 2014-05-21 天津三星通信技术研究有限公司 便携式终端及其手势识别方法
CN103809748B (zh) * 2013-12-16 2016-08-17 天津三星通信技术研究有限公司 便携式终端及其手势识别方法
CN104731430A (zh) * 2013-12-24 2015-06-24 Nlt科技股份有限公司 触摸传感器装置及电子设备
CN104731430B (zh) * 2013-12-24 2019-03-01 Nlt科技股份有限公司 触摸传感器装置及电子设备

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CN103733166A (zh) 2014-04-16
JP2014525611A (ja) 2014-09-29

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