WO2013022315A2 - Appareil et procédé permettant de fournir une image, et appareil et procédé permettant de lire une image - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé permettant de fournir une image, et appareil et procédé permettant de lire une image Download PDF

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WO2013022315A2
WO2013022315A2 PCT/KR2012/006403 KR2012006403W WO2013022315A2 WO 2013022315 A2 WO2013022315 A2 WO 2013022315A2 KR 2012006403 W KR2012006403 W KR 2012006403W WO 2013022315 A2 WO2013022315 A2 WO 2013022315A2
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
image
reconstructed
additional image
additional
resolution
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PCT/KR2012/006403
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
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WO2013022315A3 (fr
Inventor
김성훈
이주영
추현곤
최진수
김진웅
홍석진
오정근
곽진석
이민석
강동욱
정경훈
Original Assignee
한국전자통신연구원
(주)카이미디어
(주)디티브이인터랙티브
국민대학교 산학협력단
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Priority to US14/238,187 priority Critical patent/US9894341B2/en
Priority claimed from KR20120087752A external-priority patent/KR101349459B1/ko
Publication of WO2013022315A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013022315A2/fr
Publication of WO2013022315A3 publication Critical patent/WO2013022315A3/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/234—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/2343—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements
    • H04N21/234327—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing of video streams or manipulating encoded video stream scene graphs involving reformatting operations of video signals for distribution or compliance with end-user requests or end-user device requirements by decomposing into layers, e.g. base layer and one or more enhancement layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/10—Processing, recording or transmission of stereoscopic or multi-view image signals
    • H04N13/106—Processing image signals
    • H04N13/161—Encoding, multiplexing or demultiplexing different image signal components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
    • H04N13/10—Processing, recording or transmission of stereoscopic or multi-view image signals
    • H04N13/194—Transmission of image signals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
    • H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
    • H04N19/597—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding specially adapted for multi-view video sequence encoding
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/20—Servers specifically adapted for the distribution of content, e.g. VOD servers; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/23—Processing of content or additional data; Elementary server operations; Server middleware
    • H04N21/238—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network, e.g. adapting the transmission rate of a video stream to network bandwidth; Processing of multiplex streams

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for efficiently reconstructing an additional image having a low resolution when a resolution between a reference image and an additional image for a 3D image is different.
  • the ATSC Mobile / Handheld (M / H) service shares an RF channel with a standard ATSC broadcast (hereinafter referred to as TS-M) described in ATSC A / 53.
  • TS-M standard ATSC broadcast
  • the M / H service uses a part of the total bandwidth of about 19.39 Mbps and is provided to the mobile terminal through a transmission technology through an IP transport. That is, by time-division multiplexing and transmitting an M / H frame having a bandwidth of about 19.39 Mbps into a TS-M packet and an M / H packet, it is possible to independently and simultaneously provide different broadcast services.
  • the TS-M packet is transmitted through a fixed broadcast network to provide a standard ATSC broadcast service
  • the M / H packet is transmitted through a mobile broadcast network to provide a unique A / V service.
  • the left and right images constituting the stereo 3D image are encoded according to the service standards of the standard ATSC fixed broadcast and M / H mobile broadcast, respectively, and transmitted through the ATSC-M / H broadcast system, the existing fixed broadcast service is provided. And mobile broadcast services.
  • a stereo 3DTV broadcasting service may be provided through a terminal capable of comprehensively receiving a left image and a right image.
  • the resolution and the quantization noise levels of the left and right images reconstructed by the user terminal also differ. For this reason, the image quality of the 3D image obtained by combining the left image and the right image may also be deteriorated.
  • 3DTV broadcasting converged 3D-TV service using ATSC-M / H broadcasting system
  • the present invention provides a method and apparatus for more effectively restoring a low resolution right image, compared to a high resolution left image.
  • the present invention provides a method and apparatus for more effectively restoring a right image by restoring a right image using binocular disparity between a left image and a right image.
  • the present invention provides a method and apparatus for maintaining a certain level of image quality of a reconstructed right image by reconstructing binocular disparity between a left image and a right image according to a conditional replacement method.
  • the present invention provides a method and apparatus for efficiently encoding binocular disparity for reconstructing a right image according to temporal or spatial redundancy.
  • An image providing device includes an image identification unit for identifying a high resolution reference image and a low resolution additional image; A reconstruction mode determiner configured to determine a reconstruction mode of the low resolution additional image; And a data transmitter configured to transmit additional information including the high resolution reference image, the low resolution additional image, and the reconstruction mode.
  • an image providing apparatus including: a binocular disparity generating unit configured to generate a binocular disparity of a current frame using a high resolution reference image and a high resolution additional image with respect to a current frame;
  • a first reconstructed image generator configured to generate a first reconstructed additional image by parallaxically compensating a high-resolution reference image according to binocular disparity of the current frame;
  • a second reconstructed image generator configured to generate a second reconstructed additional image by parallaxically compensating a high-resolution reference image according to binocular disparity of a previous frame;
  • a third reconstructed image generator configured to spatially interpolate the low-resolution additional image to generate a third reconstructed additional image;
  • a reconstruction mode determiner configured to determine a reconstruction mode of the low resolution additional image by comparing the first reconstructed additional image, the second reconstructed additional image, and the third reconstructed additional image with a high resolution additional image.
  • An image reproducing apparatus includes an image receiving unit for receiving additional information including a high resolution reference image, a low resolution additional image, and a reconstruction mode for the low resolution additional image;
  • the image reconstructor may be configured to reconstruct the low resolution additional image using the additional information.
  • An image reproducing apparatus includes a reconstruction mode identification unit identifying a reconstruction mode with respect to a block or a pixel constituting a low resolution additional image; And an image reconstruction unit for reconstructing the low resolution additional image using the reconstruction mode.
  • An image providing method includes the steps of identifying a high resolution reference image and a low resolution additional image; Determining a reconstruction mode of the low resolution additional image; And transmitting additional information including the high resolution reference image, the low resolution additional image, and the reconstruction mode.
  • a method of providing an image including: generating binocular disparity of a current frame using a reference image of high resolution and an additional image of high resolution with respect to the current frame; Generating a first reconstructed additional image by parallaxically compensating a high-resolution reference image according to binocular disparity of the current frame; Generating a second reconstructed additional image by parallaxically compensating a high-resolution reference image according to binocular disparity of a previous frame; Generating a third reconstructed additional image by spatially interpolating the low resolution additional image; And comparing the first reconstructed additional image, the second reconstructed additional image, and the third reconstructed additional image with a high resolution additional image to determine a reconstruction mode of the low resolution additional image.
  • An image reproducing method comprises the steps of receiving additional information including a high resolution reference image, a low resolution additional image and a reconstruction mode for the low resolution additional image; And restoring the low resolution additional image using the additional information.
  • a method of reproducing an image including: identifying a reconstruction mode with respect to a block or a pixel constituting a low resolution additional image; And reconstructing the low resolution additional image using the reconstruction mode.
  • a high resolution reference image, a low resolution additional image, and a reconstruction mode for reconstructing the low resolution additional image may be recorded.
  • a relatively low resolution right image can be more effectively restored than a high resolution left image.
  • the right image may be more effectively restored by restoring the right image by using the binocular disparity between the left image and the right image.
  • the image quality of the reconstructed right image can be maintained by restoring binocular disparity between the left image and the right image according to a conditional replacement method.
  • binocular disparity for reconstructing a right image can be efficiently encoded according to temporal or spatial redundancy.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing the overall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an image providing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an image providing apparatus according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an image reproducing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an image reproducing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is a view for explaining a process of restoring a right image according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating binocular parallax according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for describing a process of generating additional information according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for describing a process of generating additional information according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of applying a quad tree method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a process of generating additional information in an image providing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a process of restoring a right image in an image reproducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a process performed by an image providing apparatus or an image reproducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing the overall structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may transmit a high resolution reference image, a low resolution additional image, and additional information to the image reproducing apparatus 102.
  • the high resolution reference image and the low resolution additional image refer to an image for providing a 3D TV service.
  • the high resolution reference image may be expressed as a left image and the low resolution additional image as a right image.
  • the high resolution reference image and the low resolution additional image have different resolutions, and the high resolution reference image has N times (real) resolution than the low resolution additional image.
  • a high resolution reference image is represented by a high resolution left image
  • a low resolution additional image is represented by a right image. That is, the present invention can be applied when the left image and the right image for implementing the 3DTV service exhibit asymmetric resolutions.
  • the high resolution reference image may be represented by a right image
  • the low resolution additional image may be represented by a left image. Meanwhile, even when a plurality of low resolution images having different parallaxes are used for one high resolution image, the present invention may be applied.
  • the present invention when a high resolution left image and a low resolution right image are transmitted, subjective or objective image quality deterioration of a 3D image service may be compensated for due to a difference in image quality between a left image and a right image.
  • the present invention can efficiently reconstruct the low resolution right image by utilizing the high spatial correlation between the left image and the right image and the temporal redundancy between the previous frame and the current frame.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may transmit additional information indicating how to restore a low resolution right image to the image reproducing apparatus 102.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may transmit a high resolution left image and a low resolution right image to the image reproducing apparatus 102 through different types of broadcasting networks. Then, the image reproducing apparatus 102 may restore the low resolution right image so that the low resolution right image is similar to the high resolution left image in consideration of the transmitted additional information.
  • the additional information may include a reconstruction mode for a low resolution right image.
  • a right image for stereo 3D images may need to be compressed at a much higher compression rate than a left image. Accordingly, the image quality of the right image may be relatively lower than that of the left image.
  • the image quality may be expressed in resolution.
  • the expressive power of detail is lowered in the reconstructed right image, and the edge of the object is reduced. May become blurred or block noise may occur.
  • the subjective image quality of the 3D image may be determined according to the high resolution left image.
  • the image quality of the right image is very bad compared to the image quality of the left image, the subjective image quality of the 3D image may drop rapidly.
  • a converged 3D-TV service system implemented by fixed broadcasting and mobile broadcasting may encode a left image into an HD image having 1080 scan lines and an right image into an SD image having 240 scan lines.
  • the subjective image quality of the 3D image may be sharply degraded.
  • the present invention synthesizes the left image and the right image transmitted through the independent broadcasting network to provide a 3D image, to restore the right image similar to the left image so as to maintain a certain level of subjective quality of the 3D image. It provides a way to do it.
  • the present invention may utilize the binocular disparity between the left image and the right image to efficiently restore the low resolution right image.
  • the binocular parallax may be implemented in the form of a vector map.
  • reconstructing the right image means processing the right image so that the image quality of the right image is similar to that of the left image.
  • the image providing device 101 may transmit additional information indicating how to reconstruct each block or pixel of the right image to the image reproducing apparatus 102.
  • the additional information may include a reconstruction mode indicating whether to reconstruct the right image using binocular disparity.
  • the reconstruction mode indicates whether to reconstruct the right image by using binocular disparity or by reconstructing the right image by spatial interpolation.
  • the additional information may be determined by simply reconstructing the right image by spatially interpolating and expanding the right image.
  • the additional information may be represented by a flag indicating a restoration mode.
  • the additional information may be utilized when the image reproducing apparatus 102 restores the right image transmitted from the image providing apparatus 101 to be similar to the quality of the left image.
  • the binocular disparity included in the additional information may be determined for each block or pixel of the right image according to a conditional replacement method.
  • binocular disparity can be efficiently encoded according to temporal redundancy and spatial redundancy.
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an image providing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image providing apparatus 200 may include an image identifier 201, a reconstruction mode determiner 202, and a data transmitter 203.
  • the image identification unit 201 may identify a high resolution left image and a low resolution right image.
  • the low resolution right image means a result of the resolution being lowered by downsampling or compressing the high resolution right image of the original form.
  • the reconstruction mode determiner 202 may determine a reconstruction mode of the low resolution right image.
  • the reconstruction mode determiner 202 may generate a first reconstructed right image by performing parallax compensation of a high resolution left image with binocular disparity.
  • the reconstruction mode determiner 202 may generate a second reconstructed right image by spatial interpolation of the low resolution right image. Then, the reconstruction mode determiner 202 may compare the first reconstruction right image and the second reconstruction right image of the high resolution right image to determine a reconstruction mode in which a difference between pixel values is equal to or less than a reference value.
  • the reconstruction mode may be determined according to a pixel unit or a block unit constituting the high resolution left image.
  • the reconstruction mode determiner 202 generates a first reconstructed right image by disparaging the high resolution left image with binocular disparity of the current frame, and compensates for the disparity with the high resolution left image with the binocular disparity of the previous frame.
  • the second reconstructed right image may be generated by replacing a part of the additional image with a parallax compensated high resolution reference image according to the binocular disparity of the previous frame.
  • the second reconstructed right image may be generated according to conditional parallax compensation.
  • the second reconstructed right image may be generated through conditional parallax compensation that performs parallax compensation only for pixels to which a binocular parallax vector is normally allocated in the previous frame. Then, the binocular disparity vector is not allocated in the second reconstructed right image, and thus the pixel which is not compensated for parallax does not have a significant pixel value.
  • the reconstruction mode determiner 202 may generate a third reconstructed right image by spatial interpolation of the low resolution right image.
  • spatial interpolation means to enlarge the resolution of the low resolution right image, and then fill the empty pixels through linear interpolation in the enlarged result.
  • the reconstruction mode determiner 202 compares the first reconstructed right image, the second reconstructed right image, and the third reconstructed right image with the high resolution right image of the original form, and the reconstruction mode in which the difference in pixel values is lower than the reference value. Can be determined.
  • the reconstruction mode may be determined according to a pixel unit or a block unit constituting the high resolution left image.
  • the binocular parallax described above may be determined by parallax estimation of a high resolution left image and a high resolution additional image.
  • the binocular parallax will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 7.
  • the data transmitter 203 may transmit additional information including a high resolution left image, a low resolution right image, and a reconstruction mode.
  • the high resolution left image and the low resolution right image may be encoded and transmitted according to various image encoding techniques.
  • the high resolution left image may be transmitted through the fixed broadcasting network
  • the low resolution right image may be transmitted through the mobile broadcasting network.
  • FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an image providing apparatus according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image providing apparatus 300 may include a binocular parallax generator 301, a first reconstructed image generator 302, a second reconstructed image generator 303, and a third reconstructed image generator 304. And a restoration mode determiner 305.
  • the binocular parallax generator 301 may generate binocular parallax of the current frame using a high resolution left image and a high resolution right image with respect to the current frame. In detail, the process of generating binocular parallax is performed based on the current frame.
  • the first reconstructed image generator 302 may generate a first reconstructed right image by parallaxically compensating a high resolution left image according to binocular disparity of a current frame.
  • the second reconstructed image generator 303 may generate a second reconstructed right image by parallaxically compensating a high resolution left image according to binocular disparity of a previous frame.
  • the second reconstructed right image may be generated by replacing a part of the additional image with a parallax compensated high resolution reference image according to the binocular disparity of the previous frame.
  • the second reconstructed right image may be generated according to conditional parallax compensation. That is, the second reconstructed right image may be generated through conditional parallax compensation that performs parallax compensation only for pixels to which a binocular parallax vector is normally allocated in the previous frame.
  • the binocular disparity vector is not allocated in the second reconstructed right image, and thus the pixel which is not compensated for parallax does not have a significant pixel value.
  • the binocular disparity of the previous frame is derived from the previous frame temporally ahead of the current frame to which the block or pixel to which the reconstruction mode is to be determined. If the first frame in the N frames, the second reconstruction right image may not be generated.
  • the third reconstructed image generator 304 may generate a third reconstructed right image by spatial interpolation of the low resolution right image.
  • the reconstruction mode determiner 305 may determine a reconstruction mode of the low resolution right image by comparing the first reconstruction right image, the second reconstruction right image, and the third reconstruction right image with a high resolution right image.
  • FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an image reproducing apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image reproducing apparatus 400 may include an image receiving unit 401 and an image restoring unit 402.
  • the image receiver 401 may receive additional information including a reconstruction mode for a high resolution left image, a low resolution right image, and a low resolution right image from the image providing apparatus.
  • the image reconstructor 402 may reconstruct the low resolution right image using the additional information.
  • the additional information may include a first reconstruction mode for reconstructing a low resolution right image as a first reconstructed right image that is a result of parallax compensation of a high resolution left image with binocular disparity of a current frame.
  • the additional information may include a second reconstruction mode for reconstructing a low resolution right image as a second reconstructed right image that is a result of parallax compensation of a high resolution left image with binocular disparity of a previous frame.
  • the second reconstructed right image may be generated by replacing a part of the additional image with a parallax compensated high resolution reference image according to the binocular disparity of the previous frame.
  • the additional information may include a third reconstruction mode for reconstructing a low resolution right image as a third reconstructed right image that is a result of spatial interpolation of the low resolution right image.
  • the additional information may include a binocular disparity vector map of the current frame to be used when reconstructing according to the first reconstruction mode.
  • the binocular disparity vector map of the current frame may also be separately encoded.
  • the additional information may include a binocular disparity vector map of a previous frame to be used when reconstructing according to the second reconstruction mode.
  • the additional information may include a reconstruction mode determined by the image providing apparatus for each low resolution right image.
  • the image reproducing apparatus may extract a reconstruction mode of the low resolution right image to be reconstructed from the additional information provided by the image providing apparatus.
  • the image reproducing apparatus may separately determine a reconstruction mode of the low resolution right image.
  • the binocular disparity means a shift value when the difference in pixel values and the horizontal gradient difference between the left and right images is minimum by shifting the left image within the search range based on the position of each pixel or block of the right image. do.
  • the left image may be transmitted through the fixed broadcasting network, and the right image may be transmitted through the mobile broadcasting network.
  • FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an image reproducing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image reproducing apparatus 500 may include a reconstruction mode identification unit 501 and an image reconstruction unit 502.
  • the reconstruction mode identification unit 501 may identify a reconstruction mode in relation to a block or a pixel constituting a low resolution additional image.
  • the reconstruction mode may include a first reconstruction mode for reconstructing a low resolution right image as a first reconstructed right image that is a result of parallax compensation of a high resolution left image with binocular disparity of a current frame.
  • the reconstruction mode may include a second reconstruction mode for reconstructing a low resolution right image as a second reconstruction right image that is a result of parallax compensation of a high resolution left image with binocular disparity of a previous frame.
  • the second reconstructed right image may be generated by replacing a part of the additional image with a parallax compensated high resolution reference image according to the binocular disparity of the previous frame.
  • the reconstruction mode may include a third reconstruction mode for reconstructing a low resolution right image as a third reconstructed right image that is a result of spatial interpolation of the low resolution right image.
  • the reconstruction mode may include a reconstruction mode determined by the image providing apparatus for each low resolution right image.
  • the image reproducing apparatus may extract a reconstruction mode of the low resolution right image to be reconstructed from the additional information provided by the image providing apparatus.
  • the image reproducing apparatus may separately determine a reconstruction mode of the low resolution right image.
  • the binocular disparity means a shift value when the difference in pixel values and the horizontal gradient difference between the left and right images is minimum by shifting the left image within the search range based on the position of each pixel or block of the right image. do.
  • the left image may be transmitted through the fixed broadcasting network, and the right image may be transmitted through the mobile broadcasting network.
  • the image reconstructor 502 may reconstruct a low resolution right image using a reconstruction mode.
  • the low resolution right image may be reconstructed as a result of parallax compensation of a high resolution left image according to binocular disparity of the current frame.
  • the second reconstruction mode the low resolution right image may be reconstructed as a result of parallax compensation of a high resolution left image according to binocular disparity of a previous frame.
  • a low resolution right image may be reconstructed by replacing a part of the additional image with a parallax compensated high resolution reference image according to binocular disparity of the previous frame.
  • the low resolution right image may be reconstructed through spatial interpolation.
  • the reconstruction means that the low resolution right image is processed as a high resolution right image which is an original form.
  • FIG. 6 is a view for explaining a process of restoring a right image according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • CASE 1 illustrates an example of using a first reconstructed right image 601 in which a high resolution left image 600 is parallaxly compensated by binocular disparity of a current frame.
  • CASE 2 illustrates an example of using a second reconstructed right image 603 in which a high resolution left image 602 is conditionally parallax compensated with binocular disparity of a previous frame.
  • the conditional parallax compensation normally performs parallax compensation only on pixels to which a binocular parallax vector is normally allocated, and a pixel on which parallax compensation is not performed does not have a significant pixel value.
  • CASE 3 shows an example of using the second reconstructed right image 605 by spatial interpolation of the low resolution right image 604.
  • spatial interpolation means increasing the resolution of the low resolution right image 602 through linear interpolation.
  • the image providing apparatus may include a first reconstructed right image 601 according to CASE 1, a second reconstructed right image 603 according to CASE 2, and a third reconstructed right image 605 according to CASE 3. ) Is more similar to the original high resolution right image.
  • the image providing apparatus may include a first reconstructed right image 601, a second reconstructed right image 603 according to CASE 2, and a third reconstructed right image 605 according to CASE 3.
  • a restoration result in which the difference in pixel values is equal to or less than a reference value can be used.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating binocular parallax according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the binocular parallax described in the present invention can be described with reference to FIG. 7.
  • the binocular parallax is a horizontal gradient and a difference in pixel values when the left image 701 is shifted by one pixel within the parallax search range 702 around the current position of the block 703 of the right image 700.
  • Means the distance between the shifted block 704 and the block 703 when the difference of? That is, d means binocular parallax.
  • binocular parallax means the distance between the most similar blocks using the block of the right image 700 and the block of the left image 701. This binocular parallax is caused by the difference between the left and right eyes of the same object.
  • the binocular disparity is calculated in units of blocks, but the binocular disparity may be derived in units of pixels of the left image 701.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for describing a process of generating additional information according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • a left image 800 and a right image 801 are illustrated.
  • the left image 800 has the same resolution as the original right image 801.
  • the right image 802 means a lower resolution than the left image 800 and the original right image 801.
  • the left image 800 may be transmitted in the form of TS-M packet through the fixed broadcasting network, and the right image 801 may be transmitted in the form of M / H packet through the mobile broadcasting network. Since the right image 801 is transmitted through a mobile broadcasting network having a relatively smaller channel capacity than the fixed broadcasting network, the right image 801 may be encoded with a higher compression rate or a lower resolution than the left image 800. Thus, if the left image 800 is transmitted in FULL HD level, the right image 802 may be compressed in the original right image 801 and transmitted in SD or HD level.
  • the image providing device 101 may derive the binocular disparity 803 through the parallax estimation between the left image 800 and the original right image 801.
  • the binocular parallax 803 may be expressed in a vector form.
  • the image providing device 101 may generate the first reconstructed right image 804 by performing parallax compensation of the left image 800 with the binocular disparity 803.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may generate the second reconstructed right image 805 by increasing the resolution of the right image 802 through spatial interpolation.
  • the first reconstructed right image 804 and the second reconstructed right image 805 have the same resolution as the left image 800.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may compare the first reconstructed right image 804 and the second reconstructed right image 805 with the original right image 801 and determine that a pixel value difference is less than or equal to a reference value.
  • the second recovery mode may be selected.
  • the reconstruction mode is determined for each pixel or block unit of the left image 800, and is included in the additional information 806 and transmitted to the image reproducing apparatus 102.
  • the additional information 806 may include a binocular parallax 803 for generating the first reconstruction right image 804.
  • the first reconstruction mode can only transmit the binocular disparity 803 as additional information, and the data transmission burden is large, it can be mostly selected as the second reconstruction mode.
  • the restoration result according to the first restoration mode is better than the restoration result according to the second restoration mode, the first restoration mode may be selected even if there is a data transmission burden.
  • the image providing device 101 may generate additional information 806 that uses binocular disparity according to a conditional replacement method.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may compare the pixel value difference between the first reconstructed right image 804 and the original right image 801 with a reference value. In this case, when the pixel value difference between the first reconstructed right image 804 and the original right image 801 is less than or equal to the reference value, the image providing device 101 reconstructs the first reconstruction mode using binocular disparity from the right image 802. You can select the mode. That is, the first reconstruction mode means using the first reconstruction right image 804.
  • the second reconstruction mode using the second reconstruction right image 805 is converted into the reconstruction mode of the right image 802. You can choose. That is, the second reconstruction mode means using the second reconstruction right image 805.
  • the additional information 806 is used to increase the resolution of the right image 802 by the resolution of the left image 800. As such, increasing the resolution of the right image 802 may be defined as reconstructing the right image 802.
  • the additional information 806 may be generated for each block or pixel constituting the right image 802.
  • the additional information 806 may be expressed in the form of a flag indicating whether to restore to the first reconstruction mode or the second reconstruction mode for each block or pixel constituting the right image 802.
  • the left image 800, the right image 802, and the additional information 806 may be transmitted from the image providing apparatus 101 to the image reproducing apparatus 102.
  • the binocular disparity for reconstructing the right image 802 may also be included in the additional information 806 and transmitted to the image reproducing apparatus 102.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for describing a process of generating additional information according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • a left image 900 and a right image 901 are illustrated.
  • the left image 900 has the same resolution as the original right image 901.
  • the right image 902 means a lower resolution than the left image 900 and the original right image 901.
  • binocular disparity between left and right images is highly spatially correlated.
  • the result of photographing one subject corresponding to the human left eye and the right eye is represented as one object in many areas of the left image and the right image. Since the region shows the same or similar binocular disparity, the binocular disparity between the left image and the right image is highly spatially correlated.
  • the temporal correlation between the previous frame and the current frame is high.
  • the binocular disparity between the left image and the right image corresponding to the previous frame is highly correlated with the binocular disparity between the left image and the right image corresponding to the current frame.
  • the present invention can efficiently encode additional information using temporal redundancy and spatial redundancy of binocular disparity.
  • the additional information may include a binocular disparity according to the reconstruction mode and the reconstruction mode of the right image.
  • a quadtree variable block coding method may be applied as a coding method using spatial redundancy.
  • a temporal prediction encoding method may be applied as an encoding method using temporal redundancy.
  • FIG. 9 illustrates a temporal predictive encoding method of side information.
  • the image providing device 101 may extract the binocular disparity 905 of the current frame by estimating the parallax between the left image 900 and the original right image 901.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may generate the first reconstructed right image 906 by compensating the left image 900 with the binocular disparity 905.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may generate a second reconstructed right image 907 by compensating the left image 900 with the binocular parallax included in the additional information 904 of the previous frame.
  • the second reconstructed right image may be generated by replacing a part of the additional image with a parallax compensated high resolution reference image according to the binocular disparity of the previous frame.
  • the second reconstructed right image may be generated according to conditional parallax compensation. That is, the second reconstructed right image may be generated through conditional parallax compensation that performs parallax compensation only for pixels to which a binocular parallax vector is normally allocated in the previous frame.
  • the binocular disparity vector is not allocated in the second reconstructed right image, and thus the pixel which is not compensated for parallax does not have a significant pixel value. Since the reconstruction mode is determined for each pixel, a particular pixel among all pixels of the previous frame may be reconstructed through spatial interpolation rather than binocular parallax. Since the binocular disparity included in the additional information 904 of the previous frame is a result already derived from the previous frame, it does not need to be separately extracted in the current frame.
  • the image providing device 101 may generate the third reconstructed right image 908 by increasing the resolution of the right image 902 through spatial interpolation.
  • the image providing device 101 compares the first restored right image 906, the second restored right image 907, and the third restored right image 908 with the original right image 901, and determines the pixel value.
  • the restoration result whose difference is less than the reference value can be selected as the restoration mode.
  • the first reconstruction mode means reconstruction of the right image 902 to the first reconstruction right image 906.
  • the second reconstruction mode means to reconstruct the right image 902 to the second reconstruction right image 907.
  • the third reconstruction mode means reconstruction of the right image 902 to the third reconstruction right image 908.
  • the image providing device 101 may transmit the selected reconstruction mode to the additional information 909.
  • the additional information 909 when the additional information 909 includes the first reconstruction mode, the additional information 909 may include a binocular parallax 905 extracted separately from the current frame in addition to the first reconstruction mode. However, when the additional information 909 includes the second reconstruction mode or the third reconstruction mode, the additional information 909 does not need to include a separate binocular disparity 905.
  • the additional information 909 may be determined for each block or pixel of the right image 901. As a result, the more binocular disparity of the previous frame is used, the smaller the binocular disparity actually to be transmitted as additional information can be reduced.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of applying a quad tree method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the quad tree method may be utilized when encoding or decoding the right image in consideration of spatial redundancy between the left image and the right image.
  • a description will be given from the viewpoint of the image reproducing apparatus 102 that performs the decoding process.
  • the image reproducing apparatus 102 may generate a right image having a middle size between a left image and a right image used for the 3D image (Step 1).
  • the right image may have a lower resolution than the left image.
  • the image reproducing apparatus 102 may divide the generated right image representing the intermediate resolution into blocks that do not overlap each other (Step 2). At this time, the image reproducing apparatus 102 may divide the right image into four blocks according to the quad tree method.
  • the image reproducing apparatus 102 may compensate for the disparity of the block of the left image corresponding to the divided block with binocular disparity, and then restore the block corresponding to the divided block (Step 3). Then, when the difference between the restored block and the original block is less than the reference value, the image reproducing apparatus 102 may further stop the process of dividing the block (quad tree method) and restore the block by using binocular disparity.
  • the video reproducing apparatus 102 may divide the corresponding block into four blocks again according to the quad tree method (Step 4).
  • the video reproducing apparatus 102 may perform step 3 on the divided four blocks.
  • Step 5 The process from Step 1 to Step 4 is repeated. If a block divided according to the quad tree method has a minimum size of a predetermined block, the video reproducing apparatus 102 may transmit the corresponding block through an M / H channel. In addition, the image reproducing apparatus 102 may restore the corresponding block by interpolating and expanding the right image (Step 5).
  • the image reproducing apparatus 102 merges the four blocks to generate one block and interpolates and enlarges the right image. Can be restored. This merging and restoration process is repeated repeatedly until the size of the first divided block. Thereafter, the finally reconstructed middle size right image may be enlarged by linear interpolation to correspond to the size of the left image.
  • blocks B1 and B4 show a case of restoring a parallax compensated left image using binocular parallax.
  • blocks B21, B23, and B24 and blocks B31, B32, and B33 also show a case of restoring a parallax compensated left image using binocular parallax.
  • the blocks B22-1 to B22-4 are the minimum size of the preset block, the blocks B22-1 to B22-4 represent a case of restoring by interpolating and enlarging the right image.
  • blocks B34-1 to B34-4 also show a case of restoring by interpolating and enlarging the right image.
  • a flag indicating whether to reconstruct using binocular disparity may be allocated to each divided block.
  • the flag means additional information for restoring the corresponding block, and the additional information may be hierarchically hatched according to the divided block.
  • various entropy encoding schemes may be used to encode the side information.
  • the following shows additional information for reconstructing a block of the right image.
  • the image providing device 101 may transmit additional information through an independent separate signaling channel to ensure backward compatibility with the existing broadcasting network. For example, when transmitting a left image through an ASTC 8-VSB TS-M stream and transmitting a right image through an ATSC M / H stream, the image providing device 101 may include a PSI / PSIP of a TS-M stream. Additional information may be transmitted through a signaling channel.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may transmit a packet by using the additional information as an independent PID and include a PID and a PID analysis method in a signaling channel such as PSI / PSIP for 3DTV service.
  • the image providing device 101 may transmit additional information through a signaling channel such as FIC / SMT of the M / H stream.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may transmit additional information to a specific IP stream of the M / H stream and include a PID and a PID analysis method related to the additional information through a signaling channel such as FIC / SMT for 3DTV service. have.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart illustrating a process of generating additional information in an image providing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may compensate for parallax of a left image by using binocular disparity between a left image and a right image.
  • the disparity compensation means processing the left image to be similar to the right image by using binocular disparity.
  • the left image means a higher resolution than the right image.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may calculate a pixel value difference between the original right image using the disparity compensated first reconstructed right image. In operation 1103, the image providing apparatus 101 may determine whether the pixel value difference is equal to or less than a preset reference value.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may determine the reconstruction mode of the right image as the first reconstruction mode. When determined as the first reconstruction mode, binocular disparity may also be included in the additional information. The additional information may be determined for each block or pixel of the right image.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may perform parallax compensation of the left image by using additional information of the previous frame.
  • the parallax compensated result means the second reconstructed right image.
  • the additional information of the previous frame may include binocular disparity derived from the previous frame.
  • the binocular disparity of step 1101 described above is a result derived separately through disparity prediction in the current frame.
  • the second reconstructed right image may be generated by replacing a part of the additional image with a parallax compensated high resolution reference image according to the binocular disparity of the previous frame.
  • the second reconstructed right image may be generated according to conditional parallax compensation.
  • the second reconstructed right image may be generated through conditional parallax compensation that performs parallax compensation only for pixels to which a binocular parallax vector is normally allocated in the previous frame. Then, the binocular disparity vector is not allocated in the second reconstructed right image, and thus the pixel which is not compensated for parallax does not have a significant pixel value.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may calculate a difference in pixel values between the parallax compensated second reconstructed right image and the original right image. In operation 1106, the image providing apparatus 101 may determine whether the pixel value difference is equal to or less than a reference value. If the pixel value difference is less than or equal to the reference value, in operation 1108, the image providing apparatus 101 may determine the reconstruction mode of the right image as the second reconstruction mode.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may spatially interpolate the right image.
  • spatial interpolation means that the resolution is increased by interpolating the right image through linear interpolation or the like.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may calculate a pixel value difference by comparing the third reconstructed right image derived through spatial interpolation with the original right image.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may determine the reconstruction mode of the right image as the third reconstruction mode. In contrast, when the pixel value difference exceeds a preset reference value, in operation 1113, the image providing apparatus may determine the corresponding block as the progress mode.
  • the progress mode means that the block is not selected as one of the first restoring mode, the second restoring mode, and the third restoring mode.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating a process of restoring a right image in an image reproducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image reproducing apparatus 102 may receive a left image, a right image, and additional information.
  • the left image and the right image may be transmitted through different broadcasting networks.
  • the left image may be transmitted through a TS-M channel which is a fixed broadcasting network
  • the right image may be transmitted through an M / H channel which is a mobile broadcasting network.
  • the right image may be transmitted with a lower image quality than the left image.
  • the additional information may be transmitted through at least one of a broadcasting network in which a left image is transmitted or a broadcasting network in which a right image is transmitted.
  • the image reproducing apparatus 102 may determine whether the additional information is in the first reconstruction mode. Step 1202 may be determined for each block or pixel of the right image.
  • the first reconstruction mode means reconstructing a right image with a first reconstructed right image, which is a parallax-compensated left image using binocular disparity of a current frame.
  • the image reproducing apparatus 102 may reconstruct the right image using the left image disparity compensated by the binocular disparity of the current frame.
  • the image reproducing apparatus 102 may determine whether the additional information is the second reconstruction mode. Step 1202 may be determined for each block or pixel of the right image.
  • the second reconstruction mode means reconstructing a right image with a second reconstructed right image, which is a parallax-compensated left image using binocular disparity of a previous frame.
  • the second reconstructed right image may be generated by replacing a part of the additional image with a parallax compensated high resolution reference image according to the binocular disparity of the previous frame.
  • the second reconstructed right image may be generated according to conditional parallax compensation.
  • the second reconstructed right image may be generated through conditional parallax compensation that performs parallax compensation only for pixels to which a binocular parallax vector is normally allocated in the previous frame. Then, the binocular disparity vector is not allocated in the second reconstructed right image, and thus the pixel which is not compensated for parallax does not have a significant pixel value.
  • the image reproducing apparatus 102 may reconstruct the right image using the left image disparity compensated by the binocular disparity of the previous frame.
  • the image reproducing apparatus 102 may determine whether the additional information is in the third reconstruction mode. Step 1206 may be determined for each block or pixel of the right image.
  • the third reconstruction mode means reconstructing the right image with the third reconstructed right image whose resolution is increased by spatially interpolating the right image.
  • the image reproducing apparatus 102 may reconstruct the right image by applying spatial interpolation to the right image.
  • step 1206 If the additional information is not the third reconstruction mode in step 1206, the operation mode may be maintained for the block in step 1207.
  • steps 1202, 1204, and 1206 are sequential but need not be sequential.
  • the image reproducing apparatus 102 checks the reconstruction mode included in the additional information immediately after performing the determination process of the additional information such as steps 1202, 1120, and 1206 of FIG. 12. Any one of step 1205 or step 1207 may be performed.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a process performed by an image providing apparatus or an image reproducing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 will be described mainly, and the same can be applied to the image reproducing apparatus 102.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may divide the right image into a super block, and set the reconstruction mode of all pixels of the entire image as the progress mode.
  • the progress mode means a state in which a specific restoration mode has not been designated yet.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may determine a current block to be processed according to a scanning order. In operation 1303, the image providing apparatus 101 may determine whether the current block to be processed is set to the progress mode.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 may determine a reconstruction mode of the block. In operation 1305, the image providing apparatus 101 may determine whether the current block to be processed is set to any one of the first, second, and third reconstruction modes.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 reconstructs all pixels included in the current block. You can set the mode.
  • the image providing apparatus 101 determines that the current block is the last in the entire image in the scanning order. It may be determined whether the block is a block. If the current block is the last block, the image providing apparatus 101 performs step 1302 again. If the current block is not the last block, in operation 1308, the image providing apparatus 101 may determine whether the size of the current block is a predetermined minimum size. If the size of the current block is not a predetermined minimum size, in operation 1309, the image providing apparatus 101 may divide the current block into quadrants of the current block according to a quad tree method. Each of the quadrant blocks is again subjected to steps 1302 to 1309. If the size of the current block is a predetermined minimum size, the process ends.
  • the image quality is significantly lower than that of a fixed broadcast left image.
  • the right image can be effectively restored.
  • the fixed broadcasting channel and the mobile broadcasting channel are simultaneously used to affect the quality of the existing 2D broadcasting. The impact can be minimized.
  • the present invention can be applied.
  • 3DTV services via DVB T2 (High Resolution Fixed Broadcast) and T-2 mobile / NGH (Low Resolution Mobile Broadcast),
  • ISDB-T High Resolution Fixed Broadcast
  • OneSeg Low Resolution Mobile Broadcast
  • 3DTV broadcasting service and
  • simulcasting high-definition video (main video) / low-resolution video (additional video) of a specific program through a fixed broadcasting network some countries adopting European DVB.
  • the image quality may be improved for a plurality of images having different parallaxes based on a specific high resolution image for multiview broadcasting.
  • Methods according to an embodiment of the present invention can be implemented in the form of program instructions that can be executed by various computer means and recorded in a computer readable medium.
  • the computer readable medium may include program instructions, data files, data structures, etc. alone or in combination.
  • Program instructions recorded on the media may be those specially designed and constructed for the purposes of the present invention, or they may be of the kind well-known and available to those having skill in the computer software arts.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention a trait à un procédé qui permet de fournir une image pour une image 3D, à un procédé qui permet de lire une image, et à un appareil conçu pour mettre en œuvre ces procédés. Le procédé permettant de fournir l'image peut transmettre un mode de récupération afin de récupérer une image supplémentaire qui a une résolution inférieure à celle d'une image de référence possédant une résolution élevée.
PCT/KR2012/006403 2011-08-10 2012-08-10 Appareil et procédé permettant de fournir une image, et appareil et procédé permettant de lire une image WO2013022315A2 (fr)

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KR10-2012-0087752 2012-08-10
KR20120087752A KR101349459B1 (ko) 2011-08-10 2012-08-10 영상 제공 장치 및 방법, 그리고 영상 재생 장치 및 방법

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