WO2013021405A1 - Multidirectional dissipating hinge and antiseismic system comprising such hinge - Google Patents
Multidirectional dissipating hinge and antiseismic system comprising such hinge Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2013021405A1 WO2013021405A1 PCT/IT2012/000240 IT2012000240W WO2013021405A1 WO 2013021405 A1 WO2013021405 A1 WO 2013021405A1 IT 2012000240 W IT2012000240 W IT 2012000240W WO 2013021405 A1 WO2013021405 A1 WO 2013021405A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- hinge
- resting
- previous
- blades
- dissipating
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/0237—Structural braces with damping devices
Definitions
- the present invention concerns a multi-directional dissipating hinge and an antiseismic system comprising such a hinge, as well as a building construction comprising such type of antiseismic systems.
- a hinge able to dissipate seismic energy when it is submitted to bending torques acting on one or more vertical planes and adapted to be coupled to seismoresistant elements of a building construction has to be intended as multi-directional dissipating hinge.
- Such elements are typically a reinforced concrete wall, a pillar, a bearing masonry, a braced structure which is constrained to a building construction foundation and, more generally, a certain stiffened structural element which is associated to generic building foundations, such as for instance a building, a block or a bridge.
- the field of the invention concerns construction in a wider meaning, with specific " attention to constructions in areas at seismic risk and/or constructions submitted to relevant forces being variable in time, such as for instance bridges when they are exposed to strong periodical winds.
- Dissipating hinges able to substantially resist to forces acting along one only direction are known, such as for instance hinges as illustrated in CN101831959.
- Such typology of hinges in order to dissipate bending moments being generated by earthquake on a structure, are needed to be inserted at least in couple inside seismoresistant systems which, being designed as to use such dissipating hinges in a specific way as to opposing to bending moments, definitely result of complex realization and not ready implementation.
- An example thereof is also described in JP2005076261, where an antiseismic wall wherein hinges are distributed along a frame boundary at the base of the same wall for absorbing seismic energy being transmitted thereto, is taught to be built.
- hinges present the evident limit of being unable, when they are singularly arranged to an end of a seismoresistant element being subjected to bending moments and related rotations, to absorb respective seismic energy because they are unable, when singularly assembled, to resist and so to dissipate bending moments.
- hinges must be inserted in mutual combination according to particular arrangements of antiseismic systems seismoresistant elements, hinges definitely resulting to be articulated and complicated as well as constructions and systems comprising such a combined arrangement of hinges.
- WO/02090681 illustrates a dissipating antiseismic arrangement which comprises a first and a second bearing element being associated to a building structure seismoresistant element, a dissipating device being associated to the bearing elements for dissipating the energy generated by forces acting on the bearing elements, wherein the dissipating device comprises a hinge which is adapted to allow the mutual rotation between the first and second bearing element around a rotation axis being substantially orthogonal to the resting surfaces of the bearing elements, i.e. vertical when the bearing elements is horizontally implemented on laying.
- the present invention is aimed to solve the above mentioned prior-art drawbacks and to indicate a multi-directional dissipating hinge, an antiseismic system comprising such hinge and building construction comprising such antiseismic systems of simple arrangement and greatly effective in order to dissipate the seismic energy.
- An aim of the present invention is that of illustrating a typology of dissipating hinge able, by itself when it is arranged in association with a seismoresistant element of building construction to form an antiseismic systems, to resist bending moments, to allow related rotation and to effectively dissipate seismic energy.
- Another aim is that of being simply successful to dissipate seismic energy by means of a wide range of modalities, in particular by friction, hysteresis, viscous or visco-elastic resistance so to greatly adapting to different typology of buildings, to special soils features and forces being transmitted thereby to an antiseismic system and a building construction according to the invention.
- Another aim is that of carrying out a simple, easy and low-priced hinge and system implementation according to the invention.
- a multi-directional dissipating hinge an antiseismic system comprising such hinge and a building construction comprising such antiseismic systems according to the features of the enclosed claims, form the subject of the present invention.
- multi-directional dissipating hinge as per the invention is of a type comprising a first and a second resting element for the related fitting coupled to a seismoresistant element of a building structure, dissipating means in association with said first and second resting element for energy dissipation generated by forces acting on said elements.
- a first mean feature is that of comprising hinge means associated to said dissipating means and adapted to allow mutual rotation between said first and second resting element around a rotation axis being substantially parallel to at least a resting surface of said resting elements.
- the resting elements and the related resting surfaces are implemented substantially horizontal to the ground and therefore the hinge allows a rotation and, as following, a bending concerning the seismoresistant element around an axis being, itself too, substantially horizontal.
- hinges as for the invention advantageously allows to work with a wide variety of dissipating means in association to resting elements; such means are able, for instance, to be of a friction type, or based on hysteresis, or on a viscous or visco-elastic dissipation principle.
- such a hinge allows by itself, when arranged in association to a seismoresistant element and to the remaining building construction bearing structure through the contact with resting elements thereof, an excellent resistance to bending moments due to outer forces (seismic) acting on the same structure because it allows to follow and damp the related rotation movements developing around hinge means.
- Related dissipation energy (seismic) is so carried out by the means of a substantially simple structural arrangement, made of a seismoresistant element, of a hinge thereto is rested or fixed, hence in a practical, cheap and simple to be implemented way, and by the means of a foundation structure thereto a dissipating hinge is eventually constrained.
- FIG. 1 represents a schematic frontal view of a multi-directional dissipating hinge according to the present invention
- FIG. 2 represents sectional views respectively following section A-A, B- B and C-C of the frontal view of figure 1, the sectional views A-A e B-B representing in particular some details in side overturned view;
- FIG. 5 shows schematic view in elevation concerning four possible representation forms of an antiseismic system and related building construction using a hinge according to the invention as in figure 1;
- FIG. 9 and 10 are two respectively frontal and side views of a possible variation of a multi-directional dissipating hinge according to the present invention, being inserted in a possible representation of an antiseismic system in coupling to a reinforced concrete wall, as a seismoresistent system constrained thereto, and a foundation beam whereto the hinge is constrained in turn;
- FIG. 11 and 12 respectively represent frontal and side views of another representation form of a multi-directional dissipating hinge and related antiseismic system according to the invention, comprising respective sectional views referring to planes A-A and B-B.
- a dissipating hinge according to the invention is indicated with 10 in its whole arrangement, which is formed by:
- a first resting element for instance made of a lower crosspiece 11 with a H- shaped section and stiffening elements along its longitudinal extension, for the related fitting to a resting surface US thereof, which is located outer to the crosspiece 11 and for instance being plane and implemented substantially horizzontal, in coupling to a basis structural element 60;
- a second resting element for instance made of a upper crosspiece 12 with a H- shaped section and stiffening elements along its longitudinal extension, for the related fitting to a resting surface 12S thereof, which is located outer to the crosspiece 12 and, more in particular, is plane and implemented substantially horizontal in coupling to a seismoresistant element 50;
- - hinge means 15 which are solidly associated to said first 11 and second 12 resting element, for instance being welded or worked in unique piece, such means 15 being of a type adapted to allow the mutual rotation between the resting elements 11, 12 around a rotation axis being substantially parallel to at least a resting surface US, 12S of the same elements 11, 12;
- the hinge means 15 are made, for instance (in particular figure 2 can be seen), of a plane and/or cylindrical hinge which are formed of a first and a second set of plates 17 and 18 being holed in proximity of their ends, such sets 17, 18 being implemented by overlaying and aligning themselves with respect to the related holes 19 axis.
- a cylindrical pivot not being represented for simplicity reason, is positioned such in a way to allow the mutual rotation between the first set of plates 17, being associated, for instance being welded to the lower crosspiece 11, and the second set of plates 18 being associated, for instance being welded to the upper crosspiece 12, around an axis being substantially parallel to at least a resting surface of said resting elements.
- Dissipating means 20 are for instance of a friction type, and are made, for instance, of a first set of lower blades 21, which are solidly associated, for instance being welded at regular ranges along the lower crosspiece 11 by the side of the sets of plates 17, 18, and of a second set of upper blades 22 which are solidly associated, for instance being welded at regular ranges along the upper crosspiece 12, by the side of the sets of plates 17, 18.
- Blades sets 21, 22 are configured and arranged such in a way to mutually interfere, when implemented, as for dissipating energy in friction form.
- first set of blades 21 is made, for instance, of a first unit set of blades 23 being overlaid and mutually spaced apart, and of a second set of blades 29.
- Each blade 23 is in particular rectangular shaped and made of a first body 25 providing, in an extremal part thereof with respect to the lower crosspiece 11, a couple of holes 27 which are adapted to fit and drive first tightening means of a type providing tightening pression setting, for instance first tightening pins 31.
- Blades 23 provide, in a proximal part thereof, a support plate 29 which is welded to the same element 11 and provided with a through hole 30 being apt to fit second tightening means, for instance second tightening pins 32, in particular cylindrical pins.
- Second set of blades 22 is made, for instance, of a set of a second blades grouping 24 being overlaid and mutually spaced apart at a distance such as to be capable of fitting, within such a defined room, the first unit of blades 23; each of blade 24 is in particular regular rectangular shaped and being made of a second body 26 providing, in an extremal part thereof, a slot 28 being longitudinally arranged with respect to the same body 26 and apt to drive such an eventual sliding, within itself, of first tightening pins 31 passing through it when hinge 10 is assembled and implemented. Each blade 24 provides afterwards, in a part thereof proximal to the upper crosspiece 12, a support plate 29 being welded to the element 12 and provided with a through hole 30 being adapted to fit second tightening pins 32.
- first unit of blades 23 of first set of blades 21 is shaped and dimensioned such in a way to fit, within rooms as defined among such first blades 23, second blades grouping 24 of second set of blades 22; blades 21, 22 are, as a whole, shaped and dimensioned such in a way to form a plurality of blade packs 35 sequencing along the longitudinal development of the same hinge 10.
- Such blade packs 35 come to be implemented as respective blades 23, 24 are mutually tightened through first tightening pins 31, advantageously of a type at tightening torque setting, for instance being pins made of high-resistance materials which are threaded and bolted at an end and adapted to implement great tightening torque of a certain amount.
- FIGS. 5 to 8 show some allowable arrangements of antiseismic systems' comprising a dissipating hinge 10 according to the invention. Examples related to these figures represent similar arrangements, wherein a seismoresistant element 50 is associated, for instance laid on top of hinge 10 upper crosspiece 12 resting surface 12S, hinge 10 being in turn associated, for instance laid on the resting surface US of its lower crosspiece 11 on top of a building construction basis element 60, for instance part of foundation of the same building construction. Seismoresistant element 50 provides therefore a shaped surface thereof as laid onto at least part of hinge 10 resting element 12 resting surface 12S, for instance being fully laid on, so advantageously improving stability, endurance and resistance of the system as for the invention.
- a seismoresistant element 50 is associated, for instance laid on top of hinge 10 upper crosspiece 12 resting surface 12S, hinge 10 being in turn associated, for instance laid on the resting surface US of its lower crosspiece 11 on top of a building construction basis element 60, for instance part of foundation of the same building construction.
- Seismoresistant elements may be a building structural wall 50, for instance made of reinforced concrete, as in figure 5, or made of bricklaying as in figure 8; it may be a pillar 50, for instance made of reinforced concrete as in figure 6, or a braced structure 50 made of resistant metallic material, for instance made of iron-steel as in figure 7. More in details, in the arrangement of figure 8 bricklaying wall 50 provides a base being divided in three elements and dissipating hinge 10 is located lower the sole central element. In a variation arrangement thereof and according to calculations, singular dissipating hinges could be located lower than every element of the bearing masonry.
- antiseismic system results of simple implementation because it only requires the arrangement of a dissipating hinge being associated between a upper seismoresistant element and a lower foundation structural element.
- a building construction therefore, can be easily implemented by locating a dissipating hinge laying on a part of building foundation and thereon a seismoresistant element is laid, with no other need.
- hinge 10 When all the blade packs 35 give up elastic behaviour and start to slide, hinge 10 is not anymore capable of opposing in full to the outer moment acting thereon and the crosspieces 11, 12 start to rigidly rotate one another with angles of a certain size (about some degrees). At this point seismic energy is substantially dissipated by dynamic friction during the cylindrical hinge 15 rotation due to the sliding among blades 23, 24. Rotation can be implemented until the more external blade packs 35, the first ones to slide and rotate, do not reach the biggest allowable slide being defined by slots 28 dimensions compared to the related position of the first tightening pins 31. At this point such blade packs 35 are at stop and hinge is not anymore capable of dissipating energy. A maximum limit or ultimate moment the hinge 10 being capable to sustain is so reached.
- first tightening means of an adjustable tightening force type as first tightening pins 31, when they are forced to a defined tightening torque, contribute to apply a relevant and adjustable static and dynamic friction force among the outer surfaces of the concerned blades, so making hinge opposition capable to be conformed to various designing and operative conditions.
- such hinge can be widely dimensioned and adjusted for the widest applications and stresses, for instance by raising or lowering the blades 23, 24 number of each blade packs 35, as well as by raising or lowering the blade packs 35 number, as well as by using different materials and coverings for the blades 23, 24, and not at last by using various tightening torques for the first tightening pins 31.
- dissipating hinge 10 is therefore advantageously provided with:
- hinge 10 advantageously provides a relevant adaptability in full, which is calculable as the ratio between ultimate rotation 9u and elastic limit rotation 9e.
- Such ultimate rotation 9u is in particular defined by hinge 10 longitudinal extension and slots 28 dimensioning, in particular those ones related to blade packs 35 being more external to the cylindrical hingel5.
- hinge dissipating means may be of a type based on hysteretic, viscous or visco-elastic dissipation principle by using to the aim hysteretic, viscous or visco-elastic subsystems being associated to first and second resting elements and to hinge means, for a possible rotation of the same means and a following seismic energy dissipation.
- hysteretic subsystems may be made, for instance, of a plurality of hysteretic elements in metallic material which, by yielding, dissipate energy for hysteresis of the material; viscous subsystems may be made of oleodynamic piston/cylinder devices which dissipate energy when being high-speeded compressed or stretched. Visco-elastic subsystems may be made of compact arrangements of particular materials with high elastic and hysteretic behaviour, as rubber.
- a dissipating hinge may be made of a plurality of overlapped hinges sharing one only resting element and using dissipating means of one or more different typologies as above described, so advantageously combining different dissipating actions and therefore increasing versatility thereof.
- a dissipating hinge may be advantageously provided with first fastening means 52 to the seismoresistant element 50 and second fastening means 62 to the basis element 60 of a building construction, so as to be implemented and fixed to the dissipating system and allow the same hinge to better bending because of soil waggles in order to carry out an excellent absorption thereof and avoid dangers of building structural crushes.
- first fastening means may comprise for instance arch bars 52 in steel being stiffly associated to the hinge 10 upper crosspiece 12 resting surface 12S, for instance pre-welded before implementation and buried into the seismoresistant element as implemented, for instance a reinforced concrete wall 50 being formed through casting.
- Second fastening means may comprise log bolts 62 being buried, when casting, into the basis element, for instance a reinforced concrete foundation beam 60, the upper surface thereon is laid and anchored to the dissipating hinge 10 in a known way through tightening bolts.
- Other different application forms of the invention can concern actuating forms of hinge means.
- FIGS. 11 and 12 could be, as for the representation of figures 11 and 12, made of a spherical hinge 15 being associated, for instance welded to a first resting element, for instance a lower stiffened plate 11, and to a second resting element, for instance a upper stiffened plate 12 for the related arrangement in coupling to a seismoresistant element of a building structure, for instance a hollowed vertical structural element in reinforced concrete 50, as for instance an elevator room or a staircase in reinforced concrete.
- Dissipating means 20 of a typology similar to that of the already illustrated ones are associated, for instance welded, to said plates 11, 12.
- the means 20 are arranged so as to allow whichever mutual rotation of the plates 11, 12 around an axis being substantially parallel to at least a resting surface US, 12S of the related resting elements 11, 12.
- Dissipating means 20 are arranged and constrained around a spherical hinge 15 so as to allow hinge rotation around whichever direction allowing to horizontal plane. More in details, dissipating means 20 are, for instance, couples of blade packs 35 being arranged along two directions at a 90° angle, for instance the longitudinal and transversal ones.
- such spherical dissipating hinge according to the invention is capable of following all rotations around whichever axis being substantially parallel to the resting surfaces of the related resting elements and therefore it assures a superior capability of damping seismic moments because is capable of actively damping whatsoever moment and related rotation due to a seismoresistant element bending around said axis.
Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-directional dissipating hinge, an antiseismic system comprising such a hinge and a building construction comprising such antiseismic systems. The hinge (10) is of a type comprising a first (11) and a second resting element (12) for the related fitting coupled to a seismoresistant element (50) of a building structure, dissipating means (20) in association with said first (11) and second (12) resting element for the dissipation of energy generated by the forces acting on said elements (11,12). A first peculiarity of the invention relates to the hinge comprising hinge means (15) associated to said dissipating means (20) and adapted to allow the mutual rotation between said first and second resting element (11,12) around a rotation axis which is substantially parallel to at least a resting surface (11S,12S) of said resting elements (11,12).
Description
DESCRIPTION
The present invention concerns a multi-directional dissipating hinge and an antiseismic system comprising such a hinge, as well as a building construction comprising such type of antiseismic systems.
More in particular, a hinge able to dissipate seismic energy when it is submitted to bending torques acting on one or more vertical planes and adapted to be coupled to seismoresistant elements of a building construction has to be intended as multi-directional dissipating hinge. Such elements are typically a reinforced concrete wall, a pillar, a bearing masonry, a braced structure which is constrained to a building construction foundation and, more generally, a certain stiffened structural element which is associated to generic building foundations, such as for instance a building, a block or a bridge.
The field of the invention concerns construction in a wider meaning, with specific "attention to constructions in areas at seismic risk and/or constructions submitted to relevant forces being variable in time, such as for instance bridges when they are exposed to strong periodical winds.
Dissipating hinges able to substantially resist to forces acting along one only direction are known, such as for instance hinges as illustrated in CN101831959. Such typology of hinges, in order to dissipate bending moments being generated by earthquake on a structure, are needed to be inserted at least in couple inside seismoresistant systems which, being designed as to use such dissipating hinges in a specific way as to opposing to bending moments, definitely result of complex realization and not ready implementation. An example thereof is also described in JP2005076261, where an antiseismic wall wherein hinges are distributed along a frame boundary at the base of the same wall for absorbing seismic energy being transmitted thereto, is taught to be built.
Therefore, these known hinges present the evident limit of being unable, when they are singularly arranged to an end of a seismoresistant element being subjected to bending moments and related rotations, to absorb respective seismic energy because they are unable, when singularly assembled, to resist and so to dissipate bending moments. To the aim, hinges must be inserted in mutual combination according to particular arrangements of antiseismic systems seismoresistant elements, hinges definitely resulting to be articulated and complicated as well as constructions and systems comprising such a
combined arrangement of hinges.
WO/02090681 illustrates a dissipating antiseismic arrangement which comprises a first and a second bearing element being associated to a building structure seismoresistant element, a dissipating device being associated to the bearing elements for dissipating the energy generated by forces acting on the bearing elements, wherein the dissipating device comprises a hinge which is adapted to allow the mutual rotation between the first and second bearing element around a rotation axis being substantially orthogonal to the resting surfaces of the bearing elements, i.e. vertical when the bearing elements is horizontally implemented on laying.
The present invention is aimed to solve the above mentioned prior-art drawbacks and to indicate a multi-directional dissipating hinge, an antiseismic system comprising such hinge and building construction comprising such antiseismic systems of simple arrangement and greatly effective in order to dissipate the seismic energy.
An aim of the present invention is that of illustrating a typology of dissipating hinge able, by itself when it is arranged in association with a seismoresistant element of building construction to form an antiseismic systems, to resist bending moments, to allow related rotation and to effectively dissipate seismic energy.
Another aim is that of being simply successful to dissipate seismic energy by means of a wide range of modalities, in particular by friction, hysteresis, viscous or visco-elastic resistance so to greatly adapting to different typology of buildings, to special soils features and forces being transmitted thereby to an antiseismic system and a building construction according to the invention.
Another aim is that of carrying out a simple, easy and low-priced hinge and system implementation according to the invention.
In order to carry out such aims, a multi-directional dissipating hinge, an antiseismic system comprising such hinge and a building construction comprising such antiseismic systems according to the features of the enclosed claims, form the subject of the present invention.
More in particular, multi-directional dissipating hinge as per the invention is of a type comprising a first and a second resting element for the related fitting coupled to a seismoresistant element of a building structure, dissipating means in association with said first and second resting element for energy dissipation generated by forces acting on said
elements. A first mean feature is that of comprising hinge means associated to said dissipating means and adapted to allow mutual rotation between said first and second resting element around a rotation axis being substantially parallel to at least a resting surface of said resting elements. Typically, the resting elements and the related resting surfaces are implemented substantially horizontal to the ground and therefore the hinge allows a rotation and, as following, a bending concerning the seismoresistant element around an axis being, itself too, substantially horizontal.
Basic structure of hinges as for the invention advantageously allows to work with a wide variety of dissipating means in association to resting elements; such means are able, for instance, to be of a friction type, or based on hysteresis, or on a viscous or visco-elastic dissipation principle.
Advantageously, such a hinge allows by itself, when arranged in association to a seismoresistant element and to the remaining building construction bearing structure through the contact with resting elements thereof, an excellent resistance to bending moments due to outer forces (seismic) acting on the same structure because it allows to follow and damp the related rotation movements developing around hinge means. Related dissipation energy (seismic) is so carried out by the means of a substantially simple structural arrangement, made of a seismoresistant element, of a hinge thereto is rested or fixed, hence in a practical, cheap and simple to be implemented way, and by the means of a foundation structure thereto a dissipating hinge is eventually constrained.
Other aims, features and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following detailed description of favourite application forms of the invention, in particular when it is implemented by means of different typology of the antiseismic systems and related building according to the invention, which are furnished to a pure explanatory and not limiting purpose with the help of the enclosed figures, wherein:
- figure 1 represents a schematic frontal view of a multi-directional dissipating hinge according to the present invention;
- figures 2, 3 and 4 represent sectional views respectively following section A-A, B- B and C-C of the frontal view of figure 1, the sectional views A-A e B-B representing in particular some details in side overturned view;
- figures 5, 6, 7 and 8 show schematic view in elevation concerning four possible representation forms of an antiseismic system and related building construction
using a hinge according to the invention as in figure 1;
- figures 9 and 10 are two respectively frontal and side views of a possible variation of a multi-directional dissipating hinge according to the present invention, being inserted in a possible representation of an antiseismic system in coupling to a reinforced concrete wall, as a seismoresistent system constrained thereto, and a foundation beam whereto the hinge is constrained in turn;
- figures 11 and 12 respectively represent frontal and side views of another representation form of a multi-directional dissipating hinge and related antiseismic system according to the invention, comprising respective sectional views referring to planes A-A and B-B.
With particular reference to figures from 1 to 4, a dissipating hinge according to the invention is indicated with 10 in its whole arrangement, which is formed by:
- a first resting element, for instance made of a lower crosspiece 11 with a H- shaped section and stiffening elements along its longitudinal extension, for the related fitting to a resting surface US thereof, which is located outer to the crosspiece 11 and for instance being plane and implemented substantially horizzontal, in coupling to a basis structural element 60;
- a second resting element, for instance made of a upper crosspiece 12 with a H- shaped section and stiffening elements along its longitudinal extension, for the related fitting to a resting surface 12S thereof, which is located outer to the crosspiece 12 and, more in particular, is plane and implemented substantially horizontal in coupling to a seismoresistant element 50;
- hinge means 15, which are solidly associated to said first 11 and second 12 resting element, for instance being welded or worked in unique piece, such means 15 being of a type adapted to allow the mutual rotation between the resting elements 11, 12 around a rotation axis being substantially parallel to at least a resting surface US, 12S of the same elements 11, 12;
- dissipating means, being indicated as a whole with 20, which are associated to said first and second resting element 11 and 12.
More in details, the hinge means 15 are made, for instance (in particular figure 2 can be seen), of a plane and/or cylindrical hinge which are formed of a first and a second set of plates 17 and 18 being holed in proximity of their ends, such sets 17, 18 being
implemented by overlaying and aligning themselves with respect to the related holes 19 axis. Within such holes 19 a cylindrical pivot, not being represented for simplicity reason, is positioned such in a way to allow the mutual rotation between the first set of plates 17, being associated, for instance being welded to the lower crosspiece 11, and the second set of plates 18 being associated, for instance being welded to the upper crosspiece 12, around an axis being substantially parallel to at least a resting surface of said resting elements.
Dissipating means 20 are for instance of a friction type, and are made, for instance, of a first set of lower blades 21, which are solidly associated, for instance being welded at regular ranges along the lower crosspiece 11 by the side of the sets of plates 17, 18, and of a second set of upper blades 22 which are solidly associated, for instance being welded at regular ranges along the upper crosspiece 12, by the side of the sets of plates 17, 18. Blades sets 21, 22 are configured and arranged such in a way to mutually interfere, when implemented, as for dissipating energy in friction form. With reference to figure 3, first set of blades 21 is made, for instance, of a first unit set of blades 23 being overlaid and mutually spaced apart, and of a second set of blades 29. Each blade 23 is in particular rectangular shaped and made of a first body 25 providing, in an extremal part thereof with respect to the lower crosspiece 11, a couple of holes 27 which are adapted to fit and drive first tightening means of a type providing tightening pression setting, for instance first tightening pins 31. Blades 23 provide, in a proximal part thereof, a support plate 29 which is welded to the same element 11 and provided with a through hole 30 being apt to fit second tightening means, for instance second tightening pins 32, in particular cylindrical pins. Second set of blades 22 is made, for instance, of a set of a second blades grouping 24 being overlaid and mutually spaced apart at a distance such as to be capable of fitting, within such a defined room, the first unit of blades 23; each of blade 24 is in particular regular rectangular shaped and being made of a second body 26 providing, in an extremal part thereof, a slot 28 being longitudinally arranged with respect to the same body 26 and apt to drive such an eventual sliding, within itself, of first tightening pins 31 passing through it when hinge 10 is assembled and implemented. Each blade 24 provides afterwards, in a part thereof proximal to the upper crosspiece 12, a support plate 29 being welded to the element 12 and provided with a through hole 30 being adapted to fit second tightening pins 32.
When the hinge 10 is implemented, with particular reference to figures 3 and 4, first
unit of blades 23 of first set of blades 21 is shaped and dimensioned such in a way to fit, within rooms as defined among such first blades 23, second blades grouping 24 of second set of blades 22; blades 21, 22 are, as a whole, shaped and dimensioned such in a way to form a plurality of blade packs 35 sequencing along the longitudinal development of the same hinge 10. Such blade packs 35 come to be implemented as respective blades 23, 24 are mutually tightened through first tightening pins 31, advantageously of a type at tightening torque setting, for instance being pins made of high-resistance materials which are threaded and bolted at an end and adapted to implement great tightening torque of a certain amount.
Figures from 5 to 8 show some allowable arrangements of antiseismic systems' comprising a dissipating hinge 10 according to the invention. Examples related to these figures represent similar arrangements, wherein a seismoresistant element 50 is associated, for instance laid on top of hinge 10 upper crosspiece 12 resting surface 12S, hinge 10 being in turn associated, for instance laid on the resting surface US of its lower crosspiece 11 on top of a building construction basis element 60, for instance part of foundation of the same building construction. Seismoresistant element 50 provides therefore a shaped surface thereof as laid onto at least part of hinge 10 resting element 12 resting surface 12S, for instance being fully laid on, so advantageously improving stability, endurance and resistance of the system as for the invention.
Seismoresistant elements may be a building structural wall 50, for instance made of reinforced concrete, as in figure 5, or made of bricklaying as in figure 8; it may be a pillar 50, for instance made of reinforced concrete as in figure 6, or a braced structure 50 made of resistant metallic material, for instance made of iron-steel as in figure 7. More in details, in the arrangement of figure 8 bricklaying wall 50 provides a base being divided in three elements and dissipating hinge 10 is located lower the sole central element. In a variation arrangement thereof and according to calculations, singular dissipating hinges could be located lower than every element of the bearing masonry.
Advantageously, antiseismic system according to the invention results of simple implementation because it only requires the arrangement of a dissipating hinge being associated between a upper seismoresistant element and a lower foundation structural element. A building construction, therefore, can be easily implemented by locating a dissipating hinge laying on a part of building foundation and thereon a seismoresistant
element is laid, with no other need.
When dissipating hinge 10 is implemented as above and so a forces distribution apt to generate a bending moment orthogonal as vector and parallel as couple to the plane related to frontal view of figure 1, for instance being generated from seismic stresses acting on at least a seismoresistant element 50 being coupled to the same hinge 10, is applied on lower and upper crosspieces 11, 12, the following hinge 10 operation is implemented. Outer forces moment brings about effects of axial type inside the blade packs 35 and till to a certain resulting amount of outer acting forces moment, i.e. when axial stresses amounts as being transmitted to packs 35 does not exceed the amount of static friction forces being exerted among blades 23, 24 of blade packs 35, hinge 10 as a whole behaves as an elastic hinge, i.e. is able to convey bending, shearing and axial actions as well as a fixed bond. More in details, shearing and normal stresses acting between lower and upper crosspieces 11, 12 are sent by means of cylindrical hinge 15 cylindrical pin, while the moment induces a related rotation between the upper crosspiece 11 and the lower one 12, which tend to rotate around the cylindrical hinge 15 cylindrical pivot. During such rotation some blade packs 35 suffer an extension and other ones a shortening being substantially due to elastic behaviour concerning the related material thereof blades 23, 24 are made. Afterwards, as acting outer resultant moment increases, a static friction values exceeding, as being exerted by blade packs 35 more external to the cylindrical hinge 15, i.e. the more stressed ones, is carried out; therefore a rotation caused by a stiff sliding of the related first blades 23 with respect to the related more external second blades 24 of blade packs 35, which keep on implementing a certain resistance against the acting moment due to the related dynamic friction, is implemented. Such a kinematic motion is implemented because second bodies 26 provide slots 28 being shaped such in a way to drive through their own interior said first tightening pins 31 as engaged into the relative holes couples 27 concerning the first bodies 25. As the moment value increases, progressively more and more blade packs 35, from the more external to the more internal with respect to the cylindrical hinge 15, give up elastic behaviour and the related blades 23, 24 are engaged in a mutual sliding, as already described. When all the blade packs 35 give up elastic behaviour and start to slide, hinge 10 is not anymore capable of opposing in full to the outer moment acting thereon and the crosspieces 11, 12 start to rigidly rotate one another with angles of a certain size (about some degrees). At this point seismic energy is substantially dissipated by dynamic friction during the cylindrical hinge 15
rotation due to the sliding among blades 23, 24. Rotation can be implemented until the more external blade packs 35, the first ones to slide and rotate, do not reach the biggest allowable slide being defined by slots 28 dimensions compared to the related position of the first tightening pins 31. At this point such blade packs 35 are at stop and hinge is not anymore capable of dissipating energy. A maximum limit or ultimate moment the hinge 10 being capable to sustain is so reached.
Advantageously, first tightening means of an adjustable tightening force type, as first tightening pins 31, when they are forced to a defined tightening torque, contribute to apply a relevant and adjustable static and dynamic friction force among the outer surfaces of the concerned blades, so making hinge opposition capable to be conformed to various designing and operative conditions.
Advantageously, such hinge can be widely dimensioned and adjusted for the widest applications and stresses, for instance by raising or lowering the blades 23, 24 number of each blade packs 35, as well as by raising or lowering the blade packs 35 number, as well as by using different materials and coverings for the blades 23, 24, and not at last by using various tightening torques for the first tightening pins 31.
By summarising, dissipating hinge 10 is therefore advantageously provided with:
- elastic rotational stiffening until a maximum elastic moment Me and related rotation angle 9e are raised,
- shearing and normal stresses resistance depending on shearing and normal stresses resistance pertaining the cylindrical pin of the cylindrical hinge 15,
- a ultimate bending moment Mu depending on dynamic friction furnished by blades 23, 24 slides of the blade packs 35, thereto a ultimate rotation 9u corresponds when blade packs 35 come at stop as previously explained.
Therefore, hinge 10 advantageously provides a relevant adaptability in full, which is calculable as the ratio between ultimate rotation 9u and elastic limit rotation 9e. Such ultimate rotation 9u is in particular defined by hinge 10 longitudinal extension and slots 28 dimensioning, in particular those ones related to blade packs 35 being more external to the cylindrical hingel5.
It is apparent that, for technicians skilled in the field, there are numerous possible variations to the multi-directional dissipating hinge, the antiseismic system comprising such a hinge and to building construction comprising such antiseismic systems according
to the present invention; as well as it is apparent that, in their practical implementation, the forms of details as described may be different and replaced by the means of technically equivalent elements.
For instance, hinge dissipating means may be of a type based on hysteretic, viscous or visco-elastic dissipation principle by using to the aim hysteretic, viscous or visco-elastic subsystems being associated to first and second resting elements and to hinge means, for a possible rotation of the same means and a following seismic energy dissipation. More in particular, hysteretic subsystems may be made, for instance, of a plurality of hysteretic elements in metallic material which, by yielding, dissipate energy for hysteresis of the material; viscous subsystems may be made of oleodynamic piston/cylinder devices which dissipate energy when being high-speeded compressed or stretched. Visco-elastic subsystems may be made of compact arrangements of particular materials with high elastic and hysteretic behaviour, as rubber.
A dissipating hinge may be made of a plurality of overlapped hinges sharing one only resting element and using dissipating means of one or more different typologies as above described, so advantageously combining different dissipating actions and therefore increasing versatility thereof.
A dissipating hinge may be advantageously provided with first fastening means 52 to the seismoresistant element 50 and second fastening means 62 to the basis element 60 of a building construction, so as to be implemented and fixed to the dissipating system and allow the same hinge to better bending because of soil waggles in order to carry out an excellent absorption thereof and avoid dangers of building structural crushes. In the example of figures 9 and 10 as represented, wherein both the seismoresistant element 50 and the basis element 60 are implemented in reinforced concrete, first fastening means may comprise for instance arch bars 52 in steel being stiffly associated to the hinge 10 upper crosspiece 12 resting surface 12S, for instance pre-welded before implementation and buried into the seismoresistant element as implemented, for instance a reinforced concrete wall 50 being formed through casting. Second fastening means may comprise log bolts 62 being buried, when casting, into the basis element, for instance a reinforced concrete foundation beam 60, the upper surface thereon is laid and anchored to the dissipating hinge 10 in a known way through tightening bolts.
Other different application forms of the invention can concern actuating forms of hinge means. They could be, as for the representation of figures 11 and 12, made of a spherical hinge 15 being associated, for instance welded to a first resting element, for instance a lower stiffened plate 11, and to a second resting element, for instance a upper stiffened plate 12 for the related arrangement in coupling to a seismoresistant element of a building structure, for instance a hollowed vertical structural element in reinforced concrete 50, as for instance an elevator room or a staircase in reinforced concrete. Dissipating means 20 of a typology similar to that of the already illustrated ones are associated, for instance welded, to said plates 11, 12. The means 20 are arranged so as to allow whichever mutual rotation of the plates 11, 12 around an axis being substantially parallel to at least a resting surface US, 12S of the related resting elements 11, 12. Dissipating means 20 are arranged and constrained around a spherical hinge 15 so as to allow hinge rotation around whichever direction allowing to horizontal plane. More in details, dissipating means 20 are, for instance, couples of blade packs 35 being arranged along two directions at a 90° angle, for instance the longitudinal and transversal ones.
Advantageously, such spherical dissipating hinge according to the invention is capable of following all rotations around whichever axis being substantially parallel to the resting surfaces of the related resting elements and therefore it assures a superior capability of damping seismic moments because is capable of actively damping whatsoever moment and related rotation due to a seismoresistant element bending around said axis.
Claims
1. Multi-directional dissipating hinge comprising a first resting element (11) and a second resting element (12) for the related fitting coupled to a seismoresistant element (50) of a building structure, dissipating means (20) in association with said first (11) and second (12) resting element for dissipating energy generated by forces acting on said elements (11,12),
characterized in that of comprising hinge means (15) which are associated to said dissipating means (20) and adapted to allow mutual rotation between said first (11) and second (12) resting element around a rotation axis being substantially parallel to at least a resting surface (11S,12S) of said resting elements (11,12).
2. Hinge, according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that the resting surfaces (11S,12S) of said first (11) and second (12) resting element are substantially parallel between them.
3. Hinge, according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that said hinge means (15) provide a rotation axis laying on a plane substantially parallel to the resting surfaces (11S,12S) of said first (11) and second (12) resting element.
4. Hinge, according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that said hinge means (15) are solidly associated to said first (11) and second (12) resting element.
5. Hinge, according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that said dissipating means (20) are of a friction type.
6. Hinge, according to the previous claim, characterized in that said dissipating means (20) comprise a first set of blades (21) which are solidly associated along said first resting element (11) and a second set of blades (22) which are solidly associated along said second resting element (12), said sets of blades (21, 22), when iare implemented, being adapted to mutually interfere by friction.
7. Hinge, according to the previous claim, characterized in that said first (21) and second set of blades (22) are configured as a plane rack.
8. Hinge, according to the previous claim 6 o 7, characterized in that said first (21) and second set of blades (22) are solidly associated along the related resting elements (11,12) by the hinge means (15) sides.
9. Hinge, according to one of the previous claims 6-8, characterized in that said first set of blades (21) and second set of blades (22) are associated to first tightening means (31) for the mutually interfering by friction.
10. Hinge, according to the previous claim, characterized in that said first tightening means (31) are of an adjustable tightening force type.
11. Hinge, according to the previous claim 9 or 10, characterized in that said first set of blades (21) comprise a first unit of blades (23) which are overlapped, mutually spaced and having, in an extremal part thereof, at least a hole (27) apt to fit and drive said first tightening means (31), the second set of blades (22) comprising said second set of blades (22) comprising a second unit of blades (24) which are overlapped and mutually spaced at such a gap to fit inside the same defined gap the first set of blades (21), each of the blade (24) having in an extremal part thereof a longitudinally located slot (28) being adapted to internally drive through the tightening means (31) when the hinge (10) is implemented, to form a plurality of blade packs (35).
12. Hinge, according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that said hinge means comprise a spherical hinge (15).
13. Hinge, according to the previous claim, characterized in that the spherical hinge (15) is fit together with said dissipating means (20) such in a way to allow a whichever mutual rotation of the resting elements (11, 12) around an axis comprised in a plane parallel to at least a resting surface (US, 12S) of said elements (11, 12).
14. Hinge, according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that of comprising first fastening means (52) to said seismoresistant element (50) of a building construction.
15. Hinge, according to one of the previous claims, characterized in that of comprising second fastening means (62) to a basis element (60) of a building construction.
16. Antiseismic system comprising a multi-directional dissipating hinge according to one of the previous claims which is associated to a basis element (60) of a building construction by the means of a resting surface (US) of said hinge (10) and comprising at least a seismoresistant element (50) of a building construction which is coupled to a resting surface (12S) of said hinge (10) for a mutual rotation which is driven by the resting element (12) rotation.
17. System, according to the previous claim, characterized in that said seismoresistant element (50) provides a shaped surface thereof resting to at least part of the resting surface (12S) of the related hinge (10) resting element (12).
18. System, according to the previous claim, characterized in that said seismoresistant element (50) is associated above the hinge (10), in particular to the second resting element (12) thereof.
19. System, according to the previous claim, characterized in that the_resting surface of the seismoresistant element (50) figures, when is implemented, substantially adhering to the outer surface of the hinge (10) resting element (12).
20. System, according to claim 14 and one of the claims from 16 to 19, characterized in that of comprising first fastening means (52) to the seismoresistant element (50).
21. System, according to claim 15 and one of the claims from 16 to 20, characterized in that of comprising second fastening means (62) to a basis element (60) of a building construction.
22. Building construction comprising an antiseismic system according to one of the claims from 16 to 21.
* * * * * *
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITBO2011A000494 | 2011-08-09 | ||
| IT000494A ITBO20110494A1 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2011-08-09 | PLURIDIRECTIONAL DISSIPATIVE HINGE AND ANTI-SEISMIC SYSTEM INCLUDING SUCH A HINGE |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2013021405A1 true WO2013021405A1 (en) | 2013-02-14 |
Family
ID=44653409
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IT2012/000240 WO2013021405A1 (en) | 2011-08-09 | 2012-08-01 | Multidirectional dissipating hinge and antiseismic system comprising such hinge |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| IT (1) | ITBO20110494A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013021405A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108278032A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-13 | 上海蓝科建筑减震科技股份有限公司 | Anti-buckling metal energy dissipation component, shear wall structure and coupling beam structure |
| CN108278032B (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2024-04-19 | 上海蓝科建筑减震科技股份有限公司 | Buckling-restrained metal energy dissipation member, shear wall structure and connecting beam structure |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113123481B (en) * | 2021-04-16 | 2022-07-26 | 福建磊鑫(集团)有限公司 | Concrete structure based on energy dissipation and shock absorption and reinforcing method |
| CN113107105B (en) * | 2021-04-18 | 2022-06-10 | 无锡太湖学院 | Damper with energy dissipation and shock absorption for concrete structure and arrangement and use method thereof |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01318627A (en) * | 1988-06-20 | 1989-12-25 | Shimizu Corp | Oscillation suppressing method for structure with friction |
| EP1126101A1 (en) * | 1999-09-01 | 2001-08-22 | Shimizu Corporation | Mounting structure and method for viscosity system damping wall |
| WO2002090681A1 (en) | 2001-05-09 | 2002-11-14 | Damptech Aps | Frictional damper for damping movement of structures |
| JP2005076261A (en) | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-24 | Ohbayashi Corp | Earthquake-resisting wall structure |
| JP2007259984A (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-11 | Fuji Latex Kk | Earthquake-proof supporting device |
| CN101831959A (en) | 2010-06-12 | 2010-09-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Energy-dissipation beam column node of buckling-restrained bracing |
| WO2011038742A1 (en) * | 2009-10-02 | 2011-04-07 | Damptech Aps | Damping system |
-
2011
- 2011-08-09 IT IT000494A patent/ITBO20110494A1/en unknown
-
2012
- 2012-08-01 WO PCT/IT2012/000240 patent/WO2013021405A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01318627A (en) * | 1988-06-20 | 1989-12-25 | Shimizu Corp | Oscillation suppressing method for structure with friction |
| EP1126101A1 (en) * | 1999-09-01 | 2001-08-22 | Shimizu Corporation | Mounting structure and method for viscosity system damping wall |
| WO2002090681A1 (en) | 2001-05-09 | 2002-11-14 | Damptech Aps | Frictional damper for damping movement of structures |
| JP2005076261A (en) | 2003-08-29 | 2005-03-24 | Ohbayashi Corp | Earthquake-resisting wall structure |
| JP2007259984A (en) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-11 | Fuji Latex Kk | Earthquake-proof supporting device |
| WO2011038742A1 (en) * | 2009-10-02 | 2011-04-07 | Damptech Aps | Damping system |
| CN101831959A (en) | 2010-06-12 | 2010-09-15 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Energy-dissipation beam column node of buckling-restrained bracing |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108278032A (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2018-07-13 | 上海蓝科建筑减震科技股份有限公司 | Anti-buckling metal energy dissipation component, shear wall structure and coupling beam structure |
| CN108278032B (en) * | 2017-01-06 | 2024-04-19 | 上海蓝科建筑减震科技股份有限公司 | Buckling-restrained metal energy dissipation member, shear wall structure and connecting beam structure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ITBO20110494A1 (en) | 2013-02-10 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US9842509B2 (en) | Six-degree-of-freedom motion simulator assembly | |
| EP2302144B1 (en) | Frictional damper for damping movement of structures | |
| Li et al. | Experimental study of structure with “dual function” metallic dampers | |
| US20140259993A1 (en) | Structural connection mechanisms for providing discontinuous elastic behavior in structural framing systems | |
| JP2009541626A (en) | Stable flooring against earthquakes | |
| CN106988429A (en) | A kind of multiple multidimensional earthquake damping and isolating mechanism | |
| JP2010174550A (en) | Active mass damper and construction | |
| WO2013021405A1 (en) | Multidirectional dissipating hinge and antiseismic system comprising such hinge | |
| JP2013044155A (en) | Vibration control structure | |
| CN103742587B (en) | Six-dimension anti-shock vibration isolation system and manufacture method thereof | |
| CN112227682A (en) | Scaffold structure and scaffold erection process | |
| CN107700925A (en) | A kind of fixed structure of pile and column | |
| CN213271632U (en) | Civil engineering damping device | |
| CN211472848U (en) | Steel construction of high anti-seismic performance | |
| KR20120136667A (en) | Aseismic damper | |
| ES2302445A1 (en) | Levelling and damping system for vibrations | |
| RU2661512C1 (en) | Kinematic support for the seismic-building facilities | |
| Xu et al. | Performance of steel frame with linkage system under earthquake excitation | |
| Stanciu et al. | Stress and Displacements Analysis for Drilling Mast Elements Made of Rectangular Pipe under the Action of the Wind as a Hurricane | |
| RU46517U1 (en) | Foundation for earthquake-resistant building | |
| CN203930373U (en) | Dynamic simulation apparatus | |
| JPH0723741B2 (en) | Vibration damping device | |
| JP3209800U (en) | Damping structure and damping panel | |
| CN107109835A (en) | The building without truss, the fabrication being made without crossbeam | |
| Pathan et al. | Seismic response control of asymmetric building using friction damper and shear wall |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| 121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 12773384 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
| NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
| 122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 12773384 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |