WO2013014151A2 - Machine électrique - Google Patents

Machine électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013014151A2
WO2013014151A2 PCT/EP2012/064495 EP2012064495W WO2013014151A2 WO 2013014151 A2 WO2013014151 A2 WO 2013014151A2 EP 2012064495 W EP2012064495 W EP 2012064495W WO 2013014151 A2 WO2013014151 A2 WO 2013014151A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stator
rotor
movement
machine according
groove
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/064495
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2013014151A3 (fr
Inventor
Markus KLÖPZIG
Jens Hamann
Olaf KÖRNER
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Publication of WO2013014151A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013014151A2/fr
Publication of WO2013014151A3 publication Critical patent/WO2013014151A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/125—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets having an annular armature coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/145—Stator cores with salient poles having an annular coil, e.g. of the claw-pole type
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02K29/03—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with a magnetic circuit specially adapted for avoiding torque ripples or self-starting problems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
    • H02K2201/12—Transversal flux machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrical machine having a rotor and a stator in the form of a transverse flux machine.
  • the number of individual stators referred to below as the stator, corresponds to the number of phases of the electric machine in the case of trans-flux machines.
  • Transverse flux machines are known from DE 37 05 089 AI and DE 10 2006 022 836 AI. It is found that the torque density for Transversalpoundma ⁇ machines compared to conventional radial flux machines can reach much higher values. This transversal ⁇ flow machines for direct drives are advantageous to apply. Furthermore, it is found that with transversal flux machines a higher number of pole pairs can be performed than with radial flux machines.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an electric machine with a rotor and a stator, which has a lower torque ripple.
  • the object of the invention is achieved by the electric machine according to claim 1.
  • the reduction of the torque mentwelltechnik is achieved in that a groove is provided at least in egg ⁇ nem stator pole at least that is arranged transversely to the direction of movement of the rotor. Due to the groove, the torque ripple is reduced.
  • the groove is arranged substantially perpendicular to the direction of movement of the rotor. Due to the vertical arrangement, a special reduction of the torque ripple is achieved.
  • the groove extends over the entire length of the stator, which faces the permanent magnet. In this way, the entire effective length of the stator pole is used for arranging the groove.
  • adjacent stator poles have a fixed distance from one another in the direction of movement of the rotor, wherein the groove has the defined distance as the width. In this way, compensation for the distances of the stator poles is achieved by means of the groove.
  • the groove has a depth which substantially corresponds to a width of the groove in the direction of movement.
  • the groove in the cross section of the direction of movement of the rotor seen two gegenü ⁇ berridgede parallel side surfaces which merge into a bottom ⁇ surface, wherein the bottom surface of the groove is disposed parallel to a front surface of the stator, which by the ⁇ manentmagneten of the rotor faces, and in which the groove is arranged.
  • the groove has a U-shape in cross-section with rounded transitions between the side walls and the bottom surface.
  • a stator pole has two parallel grooves. In a further embodiment, the stator pole has three parallel grooves.
  • stator in the form of a sheet metal packet, using different ⁇ Lich large sheets, the groove is realized.
  • stator pole is made of a soft magnetic composite material.
  • weichmag ⁇ genetic composites for example, plastics verwen ⁇ det, with magnetic fillers such.
  • iron particles nickel powder, nickel tin powder or Metglas (amorphous FeCoB alloy) are provided.
  • the permanent magnets are arranged obliquely to the direction of movement of the rotor. This he ⁇ goes further reducing the torque ripple.
  • two rows of permanent magnets are arranged side by side in the direction of movement, wherein the permanent magnets of the two rows are arranged offset in the direction of ⁇ movement of the rotor against each other. Also, a reduction of the Drehmomentwel ⁇ ltechnik is achieved.
  • the permanent magnets are arranged in the direction of movement of the rotor in such a way that the magnetic field direction in the plane perpendicular to the plane of rotation of the rotor from permanent magnet to permanent magnet changes direction by 90 °. Also by the wavy ⁇ ness of the torque is reduced.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic cross section through an electrical machine
  • FIG. 2 shows a detail of a stator
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic partial representation of a first embodiment of a machine
  • Figure 4 shows a plan view of the arrangement of the permanent magne ⁇ te of the first embodiment of the machine of Figure 3
  • Figure 5 is a schematic partial view of a second embodiment of a machine
  • Figure 6 is a schematic plan view of a further Anord ⁇ voltage of the permanent magnets of the rotor of Figure 5,
  • FIG. 7 shows a further embodiment of an arrangement of the permanent magnets of a rotor
  • FIG. 8 shows a schematic plan view of the arrangement of FIG. 7,
  • FIG. 9 shows a schematic partial representation of a further embodiment of an electrical machine
  • Figure 10 is a schematic plan view of the permanent Magne ⁇ te the arrangement of Figure 9, and
  • Figure 11 shows another embodiment of a stator.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a cross section through an electrical machine 1 in the form of a
  • Transverse flux machine with an internal rotor 2, which is rotatably mounted about a rotation axis 3.
  • the rotor 2 is surrounded by an outer annular stator 4 with a coil in the form of a concentric stator coil 5, which is formed for example as a single-phase annular stator coil.
  • a concentric stator coil which is formed for example as a single-phase annular stator coil.
  • other types of coils may be used.
  • the rotor 2 has on its radial outer side Permanentmag ⁇ Nete 6, which have different poling directions and are distributed radially around the circular rotor 2 rotor.
  • the stator 4 has stator poles on an inner side facing the permanent magnet 6.
  • the stator 4 represents a single stator with transverse flux guidance.
  • FIG. 1 shows a transverse flux machine with a stator 4 with a stator phase.
  • a plurality of stator phases may also be provided.
  • a plurality of stators 4 and associated rotors 2 may be provided.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic partial view of a view of the inside of the stator 4 with two stator poles 7, 8.
  • the stator poles 7, 8 are arranged side by side and in a plane.
  • the stator poles 7, 8 are connected via stator yokes 9, 10 with a stator ring 11.
  • the stator ring 11 is annular and surrounds the rotor 2, wherein the stator poles 7, 8 are aligned in the radial direction on the axis of rotation 3 in the direction of the permanent magnets 6 of the rotor 2.
  • the stator poles 7, 8 have stator surfaces 12, 13, which face the permanent magnet 6 and are preferably arranged parallel to a lateral surface of the rotor 2, which is formed by the permanent magnets 6.
  • stator poles 7, 8 are in the form of so-called claw poles, which have conically tapering stator surfaces 12, 13.
  • the stator poles 7, 8 may also have identical rectangular Sta ⁇ torfest 12, 13.
  • the invention is not limited to the described embodiment of the claw-pole machine .
  • the invention can also be applied to other types of trans-flow machines.
  • the number of rotor poles in transconductive machines can be identical to the number of pole shoes in the stator.
  • Figure 3 shows a partial schematic view of a partial ⁇ cross section in the plane perpendicular to the rotational axis 3.
  • a first and a second stator pole 7, 8 with a first and a second stator 12, 13 Darge ⁇ represents.
  • the stator surfaces 12, 13 are associated with the permanent magnet 6.
  • the circular path of the outer surfaces of the permanent magnets 6 is simplified Representation shown as a flat line.
  • Adjacent Perma ⁇ nentmagnete 6 have on the radially outer surface differ on ⁇ Liche poles whose orientation is shown in the form of arrows.
  • the permanent magnets 6 are fixed on the radial inside of an iron yoke 16, which is annular.
  • the stator poles 7, 8 are each spaced by ei ⁇ nen distance 17.
  • the stator poles 7, 8 are formed narrower in the region of the stator surfaces 11, 12 than the permanent magnets 6.
  • the stator surfaces 12, 13 each have at least one groove 14, 15.
  • the grooves 14, 15 may have different widths and / or different depths. The width is seen in the direction of movement of the rotor 2. Good effects for reducing the torque ripple were by grooves
  • grooves 14, 15 which are approximately as wide as the distances 17, which are the stator poles 7, 8 spaced in the direction of movement of the rotor.
  • grooves 14, 15 may also be narrower or wider.
  • good values for the Reduzie ⁇ tion of torque ripple have thus shown that the grooves 14, 15 are nearly as deep as it is wide.
  • the grooves in cross-section may have perpendicular to the rotational axis of the rotor have an angular or claimed from end to U-shape.
  • Figure 4 shows a plan view of the outside of the Perma ⁇ nentmagnete 6 of the rotor 3, where boundaries are located between the permanent magnets 6 eighteenth The direction of movement is indicated by an arrow 24.
  • projected areas 19 of the distances 17 are shown as a simple hatching.
  • second surfaces 20 are drawn as a cross hatch corresponding to the projected area of the first and second grooves 14, 15.
  • the areas of the projected area 19 of the spacings 17 and the projected second area 20 of the grooves 14, 15 are the same size.
  • the magnets are arranged parallel to the axis of rotation 3.
  • the permanent magnets 6 of the rotor 2 are preferably designed in such a way that they cancel the sum of the tangential forces in the rotor. This applies to the reluctance forces that act between seeing the permanent magnet of a phase and the iron core of a phase. Due to the permanent magnet arrangement, a sinusoidal magnetic flux is generated.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further arrangement of permanent magnets 6 of the rotor 2, which, contrary to the embodiment of FIGS. 3 and 4, are not arranged perpendicular to the direction of movement 24 but are inclined at an angle thereto.
  • FIG. 6 shows the plan view of the permanent magnets of FIG. 5.
  • the boundaries 18 between the adjacent permanent magnets 6 are shown in FIG.
  • the proji ⁇ ed first face 19 are shown of the distances 17 and the projected second surfaces 20 of the grooves 14, 15 °. Due to the oblique arrangement of the permanent magnets 6, a further reduction of the torque ripple can be achieved.
  • Figure 7 shows a further arrangement of permanent magnets 6, wherein in this embodiment, two rows of permanent magnets are arranged side by side.
  • the first and second series 21, 22 each have contiguous permanent magnets 6 on ⁇ with different polarizations.
  • the boundaries 18 between the adjacent permanent magnets 6 are located.
  • the magnetic polarity of the adjacent permanent magnets 6 changes.
  • FIG. 8 shows the top view of the permanent magnets 6 of FIG. 7. As can be seen from FIG. 8, the boundaries 18 between the permanent magnets 6 of the two rows 21, 22 of permanent magnets are shifted from one another. This also achieves a reduction in torque ripple.
  • FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment of a machine 1, in which the rotor 2 is a Halbachsystem as Permanentmagnetan- Has order.
  • adjacent permanent magnets 6 each have a magnetic pole, which changes from permanent magnet to permanent magnet in each case by 90 ° clockwise or counterclockwise.
  • the permanent magnets 6 are arranged on a nonmagnetic yoke 23.
  • the magnetization direction is shown in the form of arrows.
  • one or two rows 21, 22 of the permanent magnets 6 arranged in the Halbach arrangement can be provided.
  • FIG. 10 shows an arrangement with two rows 21, 22 of permanent magnets according to the half-axis system of FIG. 9. A further reduction of the torque ripple can also be achieved by this arrangement.
  • the permanent magnets 6 preferably have the same width in the direction of movement 24 of the rotor 2, as shown in Figure 9.
  • the polarity of the permanent magnets changes counterclockwise by 90 ° in each case.
  • FIG. 10 shows a first and a second row 21, 22 of permanent magnets, which are arranged in the Halbach system according to FIG. In the case of the two rows 21, 22, the boundaries of 18 adjacent permanent magnets of a row 21, 22 are offset laterally relative to the boundaries of adjacent permanent magnets.
  • FIG. 10 shows the projected first surfaces 19 of the spacings 17 and the projected second surfaces 20 of the grooves 14, 15.
  • the width of the grooves of a stator surface may be selected in such a way that the sum the width of the grooves in the direction of movement 24 corresponds to the width of a distance 17.
  • FIG. 11 shows, in a schematic representation, a further embodiment of a stator 4 which has two stator poles 7, 8 whose stator faces 12, 13 are rectangular in shape.
  • two grooves 14, 15 are respectively formed on the stator surfaces 12, 13.
  • more than two grooves 14, 15 may be arranged in a stator surface 12, 13 of a stator pole 7, 8.
  • the stator surfaces 12, 13 are arranged parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor.
  • stator poles 7, 8 may be layered in the form of sheet metal wovens.
  • the sheets of the laminated core may be dimensioned in such a way that the width of a groove 14, 15 corresponds to a single or multiple thickness of a sheet and the grooves are realized by differently shaped sheets.
  • a stator of a machine 1 may be realized in the form of a soft magnetic composite.
  • stator in the form of a claw pole, other shapes of the stator and other forms of rotor, and in particular, other arrangements of the permanent magnets used ⁇ the.
  • an internal rotor it is also possible to use an electric machine with an external rotor and an internal stator. be.
  • the invention can also be used in linear motors in an analogous manner.
  • the electrical machine may be designed as Elect ⁇ romotor or a generator.
  • the invention relates to an electrical machine having a rotor and a stator, wherein the rotor has permanent magnets ⁇ , said stator having a coil and stator poles, said stator poles are arranged the permanent magnet of the rotor conces-, wherein at least one stator pole has a groove ⁇ points, which is arranged transversely to the direction of movement of the rotor.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une machine électrique comprenant un rotor et un stator, le rotor présentant des aimants permanents, le stator présentant une bobine et un pôle statorique, les pôles statoriques présentant des surfaces statoriques qui sont tournées vers les aimants permanents du rotor, caractérisé en ce que au moins une surface statorique présente une rainure qui est disposée perpendiculairement au sens de déplacement du rotor.
PCT/EP2012/064495 2011-07-28 2012-07-24 Machine électrique WO2013014151A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011080008A DE102011080008A1 (de) 2011-07-28 2011-07-28 Elektrische Maschine
DE102011080008.5 2011-07-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013014151A2 true WO2013014151A2 (fr) 2013-01-31
WO2013014151A3 WO2013014151A3 (fr) 2013-05-23

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2012/064495 WO2013014151A2 (fr) 2011-07-28 2012-07-24 Machine électrique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102011080008A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013014151A2 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107919754A (zh) * 2017-12-15 2018-04-17 华中科技大学 一种横向磁通永磁电机

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102016205246A1 (de) 2016-03-30 2017-10-05 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Rotoranordnung

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3705089A1 (de) 1987-02-13 1988-08-25 Weh Herbert Transversalflussmaschine in sammleranordnung
DE102006022836A1 (de) 2006-05-16 2007-11-22 Minebea Co., Ltd. Statoranordnung und Rotoranordnung für eine Transversalflußmaschine

Family Cites Families (6)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3461123B2 (ja) * 1998-07-28 2003-10-27 ミネベア株式会社 クロ−ポ−ル型ステッピングモ−タのステ−タ構造
JP3691345B2 (ja) * 2000-05-25 2005-09-07 三菱電機株式会社 永久磁石型電動機
US6727630B1 (en) * 2002-07-31 2004-04-27 Wavecrest Laboratories, Llc. Rotary permanent magnet electric motor with varying air gap between interfacing stator and rotor elements
CN100385779C (zh) * 2003-04-11 2008-04-30 三菱电机株式会社 永磁式电动机
US6864612B1 (en) * 2004-03-09 2005-03-08 Kazuhiko Gotoh Iron core for electric motor and electric generator
DE102006050201A1 (de) * 2006-10-25 2008-04-30 Robert Bosch Gmbh Transversalflussmaschine und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Transversalflussmaschine

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3705089A1 (de) 1987-02-13 1988-08-25 Weh Herbert Transversalflussmaschine in sammleranordnung
DE102006022836A1 (de) 2006-05-16 2007-11-22 Minebea Co., Ltd. Statoranordnung und Rotoranordnung für eine Transversalflußmaschine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107919754A (zh) * 2017-12-15 2018-04-17 华中科技大学 一种横向磁通永磁电机
CN107919754B (zh) * 2017-12-15 2020-01-03 华中科技大学 一种横向磁通永磁电机

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Publication number Publication date
DE102011080008A1 (de) 2013-01-31
WO2013014151A3 (fr) 2013-05-23

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