WO2013013397A1 - 张紧装置及具有该张紧装置的履带式行走机械 - Google Patents

张紧装置及具有该张紧装置的履带式行走机械 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013013397A1
WO2013013397A1 PCT/CN2011/077681 CN2011077681W WO2013013397A1 WO 2013013397 A1 WO2013013397 A1 WO 2013013397A1 CN 2011077681 W CN2011077681 W CN 2011077681W WO 2013013397 A1 WO2013013397 A1 WO 2013013397A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tensioning device
oil passage
valve
controller
hydraulic cylinder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CN2011/077681
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
余林
龚敬
许辉
赵岳
贺劲
苏竹新
罗海斌
彭志威
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hunan Zoomlion Special Vehicle Co Ltd
Changsha Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Development Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Hunan Zoomlion Special Vehicle Co Ltd
Changsha Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Development Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hunan Zoomlion Special Vehicle Co Ltd, Changsha Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Development Co Ltd filed Critical Hunan Zoomlion Special Vehicle Co Ltd
Priority to PCT/CN2011/077681 priority Critical patent/WO2013013397A1/zh
Publication of WO2013013397A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013013397A1/zh
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D55/00Endless track vehicles
    • B62D55/08Endless track units; Parts thereof
    • B62D55/30Track-tensioning means
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B11/00Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor
    • F15B11/08Servomotor systems without provision for follow-up action; Circuits therefor with only one servomotor
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/30Directional control
    • F15B2211/305Directional control characterised by the type of valves
    • F15B2211/30505Non-return valves, i.e. check valves
    • F15B2211/30515Load holding valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/50Pressure control
    • F15B2211/505Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means
    • F15B2211/50509Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means the pressure control means controlling a pressure upstream of the pressure control means
    • F15B2211/50518Pressure control characterised by the type of pressure control means the pressure control means controlling a pressure upstream of the pressure control means using pressure relief valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/60Circuit components or control therefor
    • F15B2211/625Accumulators
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15BSYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2211/00Circuits for servomotor systems
    • F15B2211/70Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor
    • F15B2211/705Output members, e.g. hydraulic motors or cylinders or control therefor characterised by the type of output members or actuators
    • F15B2211/7051Linear output members
    • F15B2211/7053Double-acting output members

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of construction machinery, and in particular to a tensioning device and a crawler type traveling machine having the same.
  • a tensioning device for tensioning the crawler belt is used to adjust the degree of tightness of the crawler belt, and the performance of the crawler directly affects the running performance of the traveling machine.
  • the hydraulic tensioning device is a tensioning device commonly used in current crawler traveling machines.
  • the hydraulic tensioning device usually includes a hydraulic cylinder, a guide frame and a guide wheel, and a guide wheel located inside the crawler belt is mounted on the guide frame through a bearing.
  • the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder acts on the guide frame (the piston rod can be connected to the guide frame, or can only be in contact with the guide frame to be placed on the guide frame), by charging the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder
  • the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder drives the guide frame and the guide wheel to move toward the track, thereby tensioning the track.
  • the hydraulic cylinder shut-off valve is manually connected to the hydraulic source through the connecting pipe when the crawler belt needs to be tensioned, and after the tension is applied to the predetermined pressure, the connecting pipe is manually removed.
  • the cylinder is held in pressure by, for example, a shut-off valve to maintain the track at a predetermined tensioning pressure.
  • the existing hydraulic tensioning device is inconvenient for the charging operation and the pressure relief operation.
  • the inconvenient pressure relief operation may cause the traveling machinery not to be relieved when not in use for a long time, so that the bearing of the guide wheel The track and the track are subjected to tension for a long time, which shortens the life of the bearing and the track.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a tensioning device and a crawler type traveling machine having the same, which are convenient for both the charging operation and the pressure releasing operation, and can extend the life of the tensioning device and the crawler.
  • the present invention provides a tensioning device including a hydraulic cylinder, wherein the tensioning device further includes a main valve and a first control valve; Communicating with the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder to control the hydraulic cylinder to be in a pressurized state or a pressure maintaining state; between the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder and the working oil port of the main valve A first oil passage communicating with the oil tank is connected to the pipeline, and the first control valve is serially connected to the first oil passage to control the first oil passage to be turned on or off.
  • the tensioning device further includes a second oil passage connected in parallel with the first oil passage, and the second oil passage is connected in series with a second control valve to control the second oil passage to be turned on or off.
  • An overflow valve is also connected in series on the second oil road.
  • the second oil passages are plural, and the overflow values of the overflow valves on the respective second oil passages are different from each other.
  • the tensioning device further comprises an accumulator in communication with the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder.
  • the tensioning device further includes a controller electrically coupled to the main valve, the first control valve, and the second control valve.
  • the tensioning device further includes a pressure sensor in communication with the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder, the pressure sensor being coupled to the controller.
  • the main valve and/or the first control valve is an electromagnetic reversing valve, and a check valve is connected in series between the working port of the main valve and the rodless cavity, the single The valve allows hydraulic oil to flow from the working port of the main valve to the rodless chamber.
  • the tensioning device further includes a guide frame and a guide wheel, the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder is in contact with or connected to one end of the guide frame, and the other end of the guide frame is mounted on the guide wheel.
  • the present invention also provides a crawler type traveling machine, wherein the crawler traveling machine comprises the above-described tensioning device for tensioning a crawler of the traveling machine.
  • the present invention also provides a crawler type walking machine, the crawler type walking machine A tensioning device for tensioning a crawler belt of the traveling machine, the tensioning device including a hydraulic cylinder, wherein the tensioning device further includes a main valve, a first control valve, and a controller; Two working oil ports respectively communicate with the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder to control the hydraulic cylinder to be in a pressurized state or a pressure maintaining state; the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder and the main valve a first oil passage communicating with the oil tank is connected to the pipeline between the working oil ports, and the first control valve is serially connected to the first oil passage to control the first oil passage to be turned on or off; the controller Connecting with the main valve and the first control valve, when the traveling machine is stopped, the controller controls the first control valve to turn on the first oil passage, when the traveling machine is started, The controller controls the first control valve to shut off the first oil passage.
  • the controller controls the main valve to keep the hydraulic cylinder in a pressure holding state; when the traveling machine is started, the controller controls the main valve to make The hydraulic cylinder is in a pressurized state.
  • the tensioning device further includes a second oil passage connected in parallel with the first oil passage, and the second oil passage is connected in series with a second control valve to control the second oil passage to be turned on or off.
  • An overflow valve is also connected in series on the second oil passage, the second control valve is connected to the controller; when the running device is started, the controller controls the second control valve to make the second oil The road is turned on.
  • the tensioning device further includes a pressure sensor in communication with the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, the pressure sensor being coupled to the controller to transmit a signal representative of the detected pressure value of the rodless cavity
  • the controller when the running device is activated, the controller also compares a pressure value of the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder and an overflow value of the overflow valve, when the pressure of the rodless chamber
  • the controller controls the main valve to bring the hydraulic cylinder into a charging state, and controls the second control valve to cause the second oil guiding
  • the controller controls the main valve to put the hydraulic cylinder in a pressure holding state, and controls the second control a valve to cut the second oil passage.
  • the control The controller locks and issues an alarm.
  • the controller when the pressure value of the rodless chamber is less than the overflow value of the overflow valve, the controller further calculates a tensioning time of the tensioning device, when the tensioning time exceeds a predetermined time The controller locks and issues an alarm when the pressure value of the rodless chamber has not reached the overflow value of the relief valve.
  • the tensioning device further includes a speed detecting device for detecting a walking speed of the traveling machine, the speed detecting device being coupled to the controller to represent a signal of the detected walking speed of the traveling machine Sending to the controller;
  • the second oil passage is a plurality of, the overflow values of the overflow valves on the second oil passages are different from each other, and each overflow value corresponds to a walking speed interval
  • the controller controls a second control valve of one of the second oil passages to turn on the second oil passage according to the traveling speed of the traveling machine, and the overflow valve in the second oil passage
  • the overflow value corresponds to the running speed interval in which the traveling speed is located, and controls the second control valve on the other second oil passage to cut the other second oil passage.
  • the speed detecting means is a sensor for detecting an engine speed of the traveling machine.
  • the tensioning device when the tensioning device needs to be pressurized, only the main valve is controlled to be in a state of being pressurized, and the first oil passage is controlled by the first control valve, which can be realized;
  • the device When the device is relieved of pressure, it is only necessary to control the conduction of the first oil passage through the first control valve, so that the charging operation and the pressure relief operation of the tensioning device are convenient, and the tensioning device can be extended or even have the tensioning device.
  • the life of the track of the crawler-type traveling machine of the device when the tensioning device needs to be pressurized, only the main valve is controlled to be in a state of being pressurized, and the first oil passage is controlled by the first control valve, which can be realized;
  • Figure 1 is a schematic schematic view of a tensioning device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a schematic control block diagram of a tracked walking machine in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • a tensioning device includes a hydraulic cylinder 1, wherein the tensioning device further includes a main valve 2 and a first control valve 3;
  • the two working oil ports of the main valve 2 are respectively connected with the rod chamber and the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 1 to control the hydraulic cylinder 1 to be in a pressurized state or a pressure maintaining state;
  • a first oil passage communicating with the oil tank is bypassed on the pipeline between the rodless chamber and the working oil port of the main valve 2, and the first control valve 3 is serially connected to the first oil passage to control the first
  • the oil circuit is turned on or off.
  • the tensioning device may further include a second oil passage connected in parallel with the first oil passage, and the second oil passage is connected in series with a second control valve 5 to control the second oil.
  • the road is turned on or off, and a relief valve 6 is also connected in series to the second oil passage. Therefore, when the tensioning device is pressurized, the second oil passage is controlled by the second control valve 5, so that the hydraulic cylinder 1 can be made to overflow the overflow valve 6 of the second oil passage (overflow pressure).
  • the pressure is applied so that the pressure in the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 1 can be conveniently and accurately controlled, that is, the tension of the tensioning device can be conveniently and accurately controlled.
  • the second oil passage may be a plurality of strips, and the overflow values of the overflow valves 6 on the respective second oil passages are different from each other. Therefore, one of the corresponding second oil passages can be selected according to the specific working condition of the tensioning device in use, and the overflow pressure of the overflow valve 6 on the second oil passage is opposite to the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 1. The pressure is applied so that the tensioning device has a tensioning force adapted to the working condition. As shown in FIG. 1, the second oil passages are two.
  • the tensioning device may further comprise an accumulator 8 in communication with the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 1.
  • the accumulator 8 acts as a buffer to further enhance the life of the track.
  • the control modes of the main valve 2, the first control valve 3, and the second control valve 5 described above are automatically controlled by being connected to the controller 4.
  • the tensioning device may further comprise a pressure sensor 7 in communication with the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the pressure sensor 7 being coupled to the controller 4. Therefore, the controller 4 can automatically control the main valve 2 and the second control valve 5 according to the pressure in the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 1 (ie, the tensioning force of the tensioning device) (for specific control methods, for example, reference can be made. More detailed description below).
  • the above-mentioned main valve 2, the first control valve 3 and the second control valve 5 can also be controlled according to specific working conditions without passing through the controller 4 but by other means (for example, manual mode).
  • the main valve 2 can be realized by various suitable types of valves, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, the main valve 2 can be an electromagnetic reversing valve, the working oil port of the main valve 2 and the rodless cavity.
  • a check valve 9 is connected in series between the lines, and the check valve 9 allows hydraulic oil to flow from the working port of the main valve 2 to the rodless chamber.
  • the control port of the electromagnetic directional control valve is connected to the controller 4. More specifically, the main valve 2 It can be a three-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve. When the main valve 2 is in the neutral position (the electromagnets Y1 and Y2 on both sides of the main valve 2 are de-energized), the hydraulic cylinder 1 is in the pressure holding state, when the main valve 2 is in the right position.
  • the electromagnet Y2 of the main valve 2 is energized
  • the hydraulic cylinder 1 is in a pressurized state.
  • the left position of the main valve 2 (the electromagnet Y1 of the main valve 2 is energized) can be used under maintenance conditions, and the check valve 9 can be a hydraulically controlled check valve, as shown in Fig. 1, the hydraulic control
  • the control port of the check valve 9 is connected to the line between the working port of the main valve 2 and the rod chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 1, so that when the main valve 2 is in the left position, the check valve 9 is reversely guided, allowing hydraulic pressure
  • the oil flows from the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 1 to the working port of the main valve 2.
  • the one-way valve 9 can be replaced with a balancing valve or other hydraulic logic valve.
  • the first control valve 3 and the second control valve 5 can also be realized by various suitable types of valves, such as the electromagnetic reversing valve shown in FIG. 1, and more specifically, the two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing The valve, when the electromagnet Y3 of the first control valve 3 is energized, the first oil passage is cut, and when the electromagnet Y3 of the first control valve 3 is de-energized, the first oil passage is turned on. When the electromagnets Y4 and ⁇ 5 of the second control valve 5 on the second oil passage are energized, the second oil passage is turned on, and when the electromagnets ⁇ 4 and ⁇ 5 are de-energized, the second oil passage is cut.
  • the first control valve 3 and the second control valve 5 may also be other suitable valves such as a shut-off valve.
  • an overflow main valve 20 may be bypassed to the oil supply line of the main valve 2, thereby preventing the hydraulic system of the tensioning device from being subjected to excessive pressure and causing malfunction of the application equipment.
  • the tensioning device can be mounted to an application device (e.g., a tracked walking machine) in a variety of ways.
  • the tensioning device may further include a guide frame and a guide wheel (not shown), and the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 1 is in contact with or connected to one end of the guide frame, The other end of the guide frame is mounted (for example by a bearing) on the guide wheel.
  • the mounting is achieved by mounting the guide wheel to the inside of the crawler belt, for example, of a crawler type traveling machine.
  • the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder drives the guide frame and the guide wheel to move toward the crawler by pressurizing the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 1, thereby tensioning the crawler belt.
  • the present invention also provides a crawler type walking machine, wherein the crawler walking machine comprises a tensioning device as described above, the tensioning device being used for a crawler of the traveling machine Tightening.
  • the tracked walking machine described in the context of this application may be a variety of machines that travel through the track, including but not limited to construction machines such as pavers, excavators, crawler cranes, and bulldozers.
  • the present invention also provides a crawler type traveling machine including a tensioning device for tensioning a crawler belt of the traveling machine, the tensioning device
  • the hydraulic cylinder 1 is further included, wherein the tensioning device further comprises a main valve 2, a first control valve 3 and a controller 4; the two working ports of the main valve 2 and the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 1 and The rodless chamber is connected to control the hydraulic cylinder 1 to be in a pressurized state or a pressure maintaining state; the pipeline between the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the working oil port of the main valve 2 is bypassed with a fuel tank a first oil passage connected, the first control valve 3 is serially connected to the first oil passage to control the first oil passage to be turned on or off; the controller and the main valve 2 and the first control valve 3 Connecting, when the traveling machine is stopped, the controller 4 controls the first control valve 3 to turn on the first oil passage, and when the traveling machine is started, the controller 4 controls the The first control valve 3 is for cutting
  • the automatic control of the first control valve 3 by the controller 4 it is convenient to perform the pressure relief operation of the tensioning device when the traveling machine is stopped.
  • the state of the traveling machine can be judged, for example, by the power (start) or power loss (stop) of the engine of the traveling machine.
  • the controller 4 controls the main valve 2 to put the hydraulic cylinder 1 in a pressure holding state; when the traveling machine is started, the controller 4 controls the The main valve 2 is such that the hydraulic cylinder 1 is in a pressurized state.
  • the tensioning device further includes a second oil passage connected in parallel with the first oil passage, and the second oil passage is connected in series with a second control valve 5 to control the second oil passage.
  • the second oil passage is also connected in series with a relief valve 6, the second control valve 5 is connected to the controller 4; when the running device is started, the controller 4 controls the The second control valve 5 is configured to conduct the second oil passage. Therefore, when the tensioning device is pressurized, the second control valve 5 is controlled by the controller 4 so that the second oil passage is turned on, so that the hydraulic cylinder 1 can be made of the relief valve 6 of the second oil passage.
  • the overflow value (overflow pressure) is pressurized, so that the pressure in the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 1 can be conveniently and accurately controlled, that is, the tension of the tensioning device can be conveniently and accurately controlled.
  • the tensioning device may further include a pressure sensor 7 communicating with the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 1, the pressure sensor 7 being connected to the controller 4, and the representative is detected.
  • the signal of the pressure value of the rodless chamber is sent to the controller 4, and when the running device is started, the controller also compares the pressure value of the rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 1 and the overflow
  • the main valve 2 is such that the hydraulic cylinder 1 is in a pressure holding state, and the second control valve 5 is controlled to cut the second oil passage.
  • the pressure in the rodless chamber will be less than or equal to the overflow value of the relief valve 6, but when the traveling machine is in an unconventional state, such as walking on a rough terrain, it may result in a rodless chamber of the hydraulic cylinder 1.
  • the pressure in the overflow valve is greater than the overflow value of the relief valve 6, and the worker is required to manually determine whether interference or other operations are required on the tensioning device. Therefore, preferably, when the pressure value of the rodless chamber is greater than the overflow value of the relief valve 6, the controller 4 locks and issues an alarm.
  • the controller 4 when the pressure value of the rodless chamber is smaller than the overflow value of the relief valve 6, the controller 4 also calculates the tensioning time of the tensioning device when the tensioning time exceeds the predetermined time.
  • the tensioning device may have failed (for example, oil leakage, etc.), and the controller 4 locks and issues an alarm, The staff handles it.
  • the alarm can be issued in various ways, such as by a sound signal, an optical signal, or the like.
  • the tensioning device further includes a speed detecting device for detecting a walking speed of the traveling machine, the speed detecting device being connected to the controller 4 to represent the detected walking speed of the traveling machine.
  • the controller 4 controls the second control valve 5 of one of the second oil passages to turn on the second oil passage according to the traveling speed of the traveling machine, the second The overflow value of the relief valve 6 in the oil passage corresponds to the traveling speed interval in which the traveling speed is located, and controls the second control valve 5 on the other second oil passage to cut off the other second oil passage.
  • one of the corresponding second oil passages can be selected according to the specific working condition of the tensioning device in use, and the overflow pressure of the overflow valve 6 on the second oil passage is opposite to the rodless cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 1.
  • the pressure is applied so that the tensioning device has a tensioning force adapted to the working condition.
  • the speed detecting device may be in various suitable forms and may be detected in various manners.
  • the speed detecting device may be a sensor for detecting the engine speed of the traveling machine, and of course, the speed of the traveling motor may be detected.
  • the sensor can also be a displacement sensor of a traveling machine or the like.
  • the second oil passages are two.
  • the overflow value of the relief valve 6 on one of the second oil passages is P2, and the overflow value P2 can be in the high-speed traveling speed range of the traveling machine (for example, the engine speed is greater than or equal to 800 rpm).
  • the overflow valve 6 of the other second oil passage has an overflow value of P3, which can be adapted to the low speed travel speed range of the traveling machine (for example, the engine speed is less than 800 rpm).
  • the tensioning device can also be provided with more second oil passages, thereby dividing the walking speed of the traveling machine into more corresponding intervals, so that the tensioning device can have more optional tensioning pressures. The tension is tightened to effectively improve the running characteristics of the traveling machine.
  • the controller 4 controls the electromagnet Y3 of the first control valve 3 to lose power (the first oil passage is turned on), the main valve 2 is at the neutral position, and the hydraulic cylinder 1 is in communication with the oil tank, the hydraulic pressure The cylinder 1 is relieved of pressure.
  • the controller 4 controls the electromagnet Y3 of the first control valve 3 to be energized (the first oil circuit is cut off); and when detecting whether the engine speed reaches 800 rpm, there are two cases: 1.
  • the pressure in the rodless chamber of the pressure cylinder 1 and the overflow value P2 of the relief valve 6 are such that if the tensioning pressure is higher than P2, the controller 4 is locked and an alarm is issued when the tensioning pressure is lower than P2.
  • the electromagnet Y2 of the main valve 2 and the electromagnet Y5 of the second control valve 5 are energized, and the system starts to be pressurized.
  • the controller 4 locks and issues an alarm.
  • the system continues to pressurize until the pressure reaches P2.
  • the electromagnet Y2 of the main valve 2 and the electromagnet Y5 of the second control valve 5 are de-energized, and the accumulator 8 starts to hold pressure, and the charging process ends;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)

Abstract

一种张紧装置,包括液压缸(1)、主阀(2)和第一控制阀(3);所述主阀(2)的两个工作油口分别与所述液压缸(1)的有杆腔和无杆腔连通,以控制所述液压缸(1)处于充压状态或保压状态;所述液压缸(1)的无杆腔和所述主阀(2)的工作油口之间的管路上旁接有与油箱连通的第一油路,所述第一控制阀(3)串接在该第一油路上以控制该第一油路导通或切断。还提供了一种包括上述张紧装置的履带式行走机械。通过上述技术方案,张紧装置的充压操作和卸压操作都很方便,能够延长张紧装置乃至具有该张紧装置的履带式行走机械的履带的寿命。

Description

张紧装置及具有该张紧装置的履带式行走机械 技术领域
本发明涉及工程机械领域, 具体地, 涉及一种张紧装置和具有该张紧 装置的履带式行走机械。
背景技术
在摊铺机等履带式行走机械中, 对履带进行张紧的张紧装置用于调节 履带的松紧程度, 其性能的好坏直接影响行走机械的行驶性能。 液压式张 紧装置是目前的履带式行走机械通常采用的一种张紧装置, 该液压式张紧 装置通常包括液压缸、 导向架和导向轮, 位于履带内侧的导向轮通过轴承 安装在导向架上, 液压缸的活塞杆作用在导向架上 (活塞杆可以与导向架 连接, 也可以仅与该导向架接触以顶在导向架上), 通过对液压缸的无杆腔 内充压而使得液压缸的活塞杆驱动导向架和导向轮朝向履带移动, 从而使 得履带张紧。 在该现有的液压张紧装置中, 在需要对履带进行张紧时才手 动地通过连接管路将液压缸截止阀与液压源连通, 张紧到预定压力后, 手 动撤下连接管路, 并例如通过截止阀使得液压缸保压, 使履带保持预定的 张紧压力。 而如果要对张紧装置进行卸压, 则需要手动地通过连接管路将 液压缸与油箱等连通来实现。 因此现有的液压式张紧装置的充压操作和卸 压操作都不太方便, 尤其是卸压操作不方便会导致行走机械在长时间不使 用时也不进行卸压, 使得导向轮的轴承和履带长时间承受张紧力, 缩短了 轴承和履带的寿命。 发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种张紧装置和具有该张紧装置的履带式行走机 械, 该张紧装置充压操作和卸压操作都比较方便, 能够延长张紧装置和履 带的寿命。 为了实现上述目的, 本发明提供一种张紧装置, 该张紧装置包括液压 缸, 其中, 所述张紧装置还包括主阀和第一控制阀; 所述主阀的两个工作 油口分别与所述液压缸的有杆腔和无杆腔连通, 以控制所述液压缸处于充 压状态或保压状态; 所述液压缸的无杆腔和所述主阀的工作油口之间的管 路上旁接有与油箱连通的第一油路, 所述第一控制阀串接在该第一油路上 以控制该第一油路导通或切断。
优选地, 所述张紧装置还包括与所述第一油路并联的第二油路, 该第 二油路上串接有第二控制阀以控制该第二油路导通或切断, 该第二油路上 还串接有溢流阀。
优选地, 所述第二油路为多条, 并且各条所述第二油路上的所述溢流 阀的溢流值互不相同。
优选地, 所述张紧装置还包括与所述液压缸的无杆腔连通的蓄能器。 优选地, 所述张紧装置还包括控制器, 该控制器与所述主阀、 第一控 制阀和第二控制阀电连接。
优选地, 所述张紧装置还包括与所述液压缸的无杆腔连通的压力传感 器, 该压力传感器与所述控制器连接。
优选地, 所述主阀和 /或所述第一控制阀为电磁换向阀, 所述主阀的工 作油口与所述无杆腔之间的管路上串接有单向阀, 该单向阀允许液压油从 所述主阀的工作油口流向所述无杆腔。
优选地, 所述张紧装置还包括导向架和导向轮, 所述液压缸的活塞杆 与所述导向架的一端接触或连接, 所述导向架的另一端安装在所述导向轮 上。
另一方面, 本发明还提供了一种履带式行走机械, 其中, 该履带行走 机械包括上文所述的张紧装置, 该张紧装置用于对所述行走机械的履带进 行张紧。
另一方面, 本发明还提供了一种履带式行走机械, 该履带式行走机械 包括用于对所述行走机械的履带进行张紧的张紧装置, 该张紧装置包括液 压缸, 其中, 该张紧装置还包括主阀、 第一控制阀和控制器; 所述主阀的 两个工作油口分别与所述液压缸的有杆腔和无杆腔连通, 以控制所述液压 缸处于充压状态或保压状态; 所述液压缸的无杆腔和所述主阀的工作油口 之间的管路上旁接有与油箱连通的第一油路, 所述第一控制阀串接在该第 一油路上以控制该第一油路导通或切断; 所述控制器与所述主阀和第一控 制阀连接, 当所述行走机械停机时, 所述控制器控制所述第一控制阀以使 所述第一油路导通, 当所述行走机械启动时, 所述控制器控制所述第一控 制阀以使所述第一油路切断。
优选地, 当所述行走机械停机时, 所述控制器控制所述主阀以使所述 液压缸处于保压状态; 当所述行走机械启动时, 所述控制器控制所述主阀 以使所述液压缸处于充压状态。
优选地, 所述张紧装置还包括与所述第一油路并联的第二油路, 该第 二油路上串接有第二控制阀以控制该第二油路导通或切断, 该第二油路上 还串接有溢流阀, 所述第二控制阀与所述控制器连接; 当所述行走装置启 动时, 所述控制器控制所述第二控制阀以使所述第二油路导通。
优选地, 所述张紧装置还包括与所述液压缸的无杆腔连通的压力传感 器, 该压力传感器与所述控制器连接, 将代表检测到的所述无杆腔的压力 值的信号发送给所述控制器, 当所述行走装置启动时, 所述控制器还比较 所述液压缸的无杆腔的压力值和所述溢流阀的溢流值, 当所述无杆腔的压 力值小于所述溢流阀的溢流值时, 所述控制器控制所述主阀以使所述液压 缸处于充压状态, 并且控制所述第二控制阀以使所述第二油路导通; 当所 述无杆腔的压力值等于所述溢流阀的溢流值时, 所述控制器控制所述主阀 以使所述液压缸处于保压状态, 并且控制所述第二控制阀以使所述第二油 路切断。
优选地, 当所述无杆腔的压力值大于所述溢流阀的溢流值时, 所述控 制器锁定并发出警报。
优选地, 当所述无杆腔的压力值小于所述溢流阀的溢流值时, 所述控 制器还计算所述张紧装置的张紧时间, 当张紧时间超过预定时间而所述无 杆腔的压力值还未达到所述溢流阀的溢流值时, 所述控制器锁定并发出警 报。
优选地, 所述张紧装置还包括用于检测所述行走机械的行走速度的速 度检测装置, 该速度检测装置与所述控制器连接, 将代表检测到的所述行 走机械的行走速度的信号发送给所述控制器; 所述第二油路为多条, 各条 所述第二油路上的所述溢流阀的溢流值互不相同, 并且每个溢流值对应一 个行走速度区间; 所述控制器根据所述行走机械的行走速度, 控制其中一 条所述第二油路上的第二控制阀以使该条第二油路导通, 该条第二油路中 的溢流阀的溢流值与该行走速度所在的行走速度区间相对应, 并控制其它 第二油路上的第二控制阀以使该其他第二油路切断。
优选地, 所述速度检测装置为用于检测所述行走机械的发动机转速的 传感器。
通过上述技术方案, 在需要对张紧装置充压时, 只需通过主阀控制液 压缸处于充压状态, 并通过第一控制阀控制第一油路切断, 便能够实现; 在需要对张紧装置卸压时, 只需通过第一控制阀控制第一油路导通即可实 现, 因此该张紧装置的充压操作和卸压操作都很方便, 能够延长张紧装置 乃至具有该张紧装置的履带式行走机械的履带的寿命。
本发明的其他特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说 明。 附图说明
附图是用来提供对本发明的进一步理解, 并且构成说明书的一部分, 与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本发明, 但并不构成对本发明的限制。 在附图中:
图 1是根据本发明的一种优选实施方式的张紧装置的示意性原理图; 图 2是根据本发明的一种优选实施方式的履带式行走机械的示意性控 制框图。
附图标记说明
1 液压缸; 2 主阀
3 第一控制阀; 4 控制器
5 第二控制阀; 6 溢流阀
7 压力传感器; 8
9 单向阀。 具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是, 此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明, 并不用于限制本发 明。
如图 1 所示, 根据本发明的一种实施方式提供了一种张紧装置, 该张 紧装置包括液压缸 1, 其中, 所述张紧装置还包括主阀 2和第一控制阀 3 ; 所述主阀 2的两个工作油口分别与所述液压缸 1的有杆腔和无杆腔连通, 以控制所述液压缸 1处于充压状态或保压状态; 所述液压缸 1 的无杆腔和 所述主阀 2 的工作油口之间的管路上旁接有与油箱连通的第一油路, 所述 第一控制阀 3串接在该第一油路上以控制该第一油路导通或切断。
通过上述技术方案, 在需要对张紧装置充压时, 只需通过主阀 2控制 液压缸 1处于充压状态, 并通过第一控制阀 3控制第一油路切断, 便能够 实现; 在需要对张紧装置卸压时, 只需通过第一控制阀 3控制第一油路导 通即可实现, 因此该张紧装置的充压操作和卸压操作都很方便, 能够延长 张紧装置乃至具有该张紧装置的履带式行走机械的履带的寿命。 优选地, 如图 1所示, 所述张紧装置还可以包括与所述第一油路并联 的第二油路, 该第二油路上串接有第二控制阀 5 以控制该第二油路导通或 切断, 该第二油路上还串接有溢流阀 6。 从而, 当张紧装置充压时, 通过第 二控制阀 5控制第二油路导通, 便能够使得液压缸 1 以该第二油路上的溢 流阀 6 的溢流值 (溢流压力) 充压, 从而能够方便而准确地控制液压缸 1 的无杆腔中的压力, 即方便而准确地控制张紧装置的张紧力。
更优选地, 所述第二油路可以为多条, 并且各条所述第二油路上的所 述溢流阀 6 的溢流值互不相同。 从而可以根据张紧装置在使用时的具体工 况来选择其中一条相应的第二油路导通, 以该条第二油路上的溢流阀 6 的 溢流压力对液压缸 1 的无杆腔充压, 使得张紧装置具有与该工况相适应的 张紧力。 如图 1所示, 所述第二油路为两条。
优选地, 如图 1所示, 张紧装置还可以包括与所述液压缸 1 的无杆腔 连通的蓄能器 8。该蓄能器 8可以起到缓冲作用, 进一步提高履带的使用寿 命。
优选地, 如图 1所示, 上述主阀 2、第一控制阀 3和第二控制阀 5的控 制方式通过与控制器 4连接而实现自动控制。 更优选地, 所述张紧装置还 可以包括与所述液压缸 1的无杆腔连通的压力传感器 7,该压力传感器 7与 所述控制器 4连接。 从而, 控制器 4可以自动地根据液压缸 1的无杆腔中 的压力 (即张紧装置的张紧力) 来控制主阀 2和第二控制阀 5等 (有关具 体的控制方式例如可以参考下文中更详细的说明)。 当然上述主阀 2、 第一 控制阀 3和第二控制阀 5也可以不通过控制器 4而是通过其他方式 (例如 手动方式) 根据具体工况进行控制。
所述主阀 2可以通过各种适当类型的阀来实现, 例如如图 1所示, 所 述主阀 2可以为电磁换向阀, 所述主阀 2的工作油口与所述无杆腔之间的 管路上串接有单向阀 9,该单向阀 9允许液压油从所述主阀 2的工作油口流 向所述无杆腔。 该电磁换向阀的控制口与控制器 4连接。 更具体地, 主阀 2 可以为三位四通电磁换向阀, 当主阀 2位于中位时 (主阀 2的两侧电磁铁 Y1和 Y2都失电), 液压缸 1处于保压状态, 当主阀 2位于右位时 (主阀 2 的电磁铁 Y2得电), 液压缸 1处于充压状态。 主阀 2的左位 (主阀 2的电 磁铁 Y1得电)可以在维修等工况下使用, 此时单向阀 9可以为液控式单向 阀, 如图 1所示, 该液控式单向阀 9的控制口连接到主阀 2的工作油口与 液压缸 1的有杆腔之间的管路上, 从而当主阀 2位于左位时, 单向阀 9反 向导通, 允许液压油从液压缸 1的无杆腔流至主阀 2的工作油口。 当然, 所述单向阀 9可以用平衡阀或其它液压逻辑阀替代。
所述第一控制阀 3和第二控制阀 5也可以通过各种适当类型的阀来实 现, 例如如图 1 所示的电磁换向阀, 更具体地, 可以为二位二通电磁换向 阀, 当第一控制阀 3的电磁铁 Y3得电时, 第一油路切断, 当第一控制阀 3 的电磁铁 Y3失电时, 第一油路导通。第二油路上的第二控制阀 5的电磁铁 Y4、 Υ5得电时, 第二油路导通, 当电磁铁 Υ4、 Υ5失电时, 第二油路切断。 当然第一控制阀 3和第二控制阀 5也可以为截止阀等其他适当的阀。
优选地, 如图 1所示, 主阀 2的供油管路上还可以旁接有溢流主阀 20, 从而可以防止张紧装置的液压系统出现过高压力而导致应用设备发生故 障。
所述张紧装置可以根据各种方式安装到应用设备 (例如履带式行走机 械) 上。 作为一种具体的实施方式, 所述张紧装置还可以包括导向架和导 向轮(图中未示出), 所述液压缸 1的活塞杆与所述导向架的一端接触或连 接, 所述导向架的另一端安装 (例如通过轴承) 在所述导向轮上。 从而通 过将导向轮安装到例如履带式行走机械的履带内侧来实现安装。 通过对液 压缸 1 的无杆腔内充压而使得液压缸的活塞杆驱动导向架和导向轮朝向履 带移动, 从而使得履带张紧。
另一方面, 本发明还提供了一种履带式行走机械, 其中, 该履带行走 机械包括如上文所述的张紧装置, 该张紧装置用于对所述行走机械的履带 进行张紧。
本申请的上下文中所述的履带式行走机械可以为通过履带行走的各种 机械, 包括但不限于摊铺机、 挖掘机、 履带吊和推土机等工程机械。
还另一方面, 如图 1 所示, 本发明还提供了一种履带式行走机械, 该 履带式行走机械包括用于对所述行走机械的履带进行张紧的张紧装置, 该 张紧装置包括液压缸 1, 其中, 该张紧装置还包括主阀 2、 第一控制阀 3和 控制器 4;所述主阀 2的两个工作油口分别与所述液压缸 1的有杆腔和无杆 腔连通, 以控制所述液压缸 1处于充压状态或保压状态; 所述液压缸 1的 无杆腔和所述主阀 2 的工作油口之间的管路上旁接有与油箱连通的第一油 路, 所述第一控制阀 3串接在该第一油路上以控制该第一油路导通或切断; 所述控制器与所述主阀 2和第一控制阀 3连接, 当所述行走机械停机时, 所述控制器 4控制所述第一控制阀 3 以使所述第一油路导通, 当所述行走 机械启动时, 所述控制器 4控制所述第一控制阀 3以使所述第一油路切断。 在该技术方案中, 通过控制器 4对第一控制阀 3的自动控制, 可以方便地 在行走机械停机时对张紧装置进行卸压操作。 行走机械的状态 (启动或停 机) 例如可以通过行走机械的发动机的得电 (启动) 或失电 (停机) 来判 断。
优选地, 当所述行走机械停机时, 所述控制器 4控制所述主阀 2以使 所述液压缸 1处于保压状态; 当所述行走机械启动时, 所述控制器 4控制 所述主阀 2以使所述液压缸 1处于充压状态。
优选地, 如图 1所示, 所述张紧装置还包括与所述第一油路并联的第 二油路, 该第二油路上串接有第二控制阀 5以控制该第二油路导通或切断, 该第二油路上还串接有溢流阀 6, 所述第二控制阀 5与所述控制器 4连接; 当所述行走装置启动时, 所述控制器 4控制所述第二控制阀 5以使所述第 二油路导通。 从而, 当张紧装置充压时, 通过控制器 4控制第二控制阀 5 以使得第二油路导通, 便能够使得液压缸 1 以该第二油路上的溢流阀 6的 溢流值 (溢流压力) 充压, 从而能够方便而准确地控制液压缸 1 的无杆腔 中的压力, 即方便而准确地控制张紧装置的张紧力。
更优选地, 如图 1所示, 所述张紧装置还可以包括与所述液压缸 1 的 无杆腔连通的压力传感器 7, 该压力传感器 7与所述控制器 4连接, 将代表 检测到的所述无杆腔的压力值的信号发送给所述控制器 4,当所述行走装置 启动时,所述控制器还比较所述液压缸 1的无杆腔的压力值和所述溢流阀 6 的溢流值, 当所述无杆腔的压力值小于所述溢流阀 6 的溢流值时, 所述控 制器 4控制所述主阀 2以使所述液压缸 1处于充压状态, 并且控制所述第 二控制阀 5 以使所述第二油路导通; 当所述无杆腔的压力值等于所述溢流 阀 6的溢流值时, 所述控制器 4控制所述主阀 2以使所述液压缸 1处于保 压状态, 并且控制所述第二控制阀 5 以使所述第二油路切断。 通常无杆腔 中的压力会小于或等于溢流阀 6 的溢流值, 但是当行走机械处于非常规状 态时, 例如在较崎岖的路面上行走时, 可能会导致液压缸 1 的无杆腔中的 压力大于溢流阀 6 的溢流值, 此时需要工作人员进行人工判断是否需要对 张紧装置进行干涉或其他操作。 因此优选地, 当所述无杆腔的压力值大于 所述溢流阀 6的溢流值时, 所述控制器 4锁定并发出警报。
优选地, 当所述无杆腔的压力值小于所述溢流阀 6 的溢流值时, 所述 控制器 4还计算所述张紧装置的张紧时间, 当张紧时间超过预定时间而所 述无杆腔的压力值还未达到所述溢流阀 6 的溢流值时, 此时张紧装置可能 已经出现故障 (例如漏油等), 所述控制器 4锁定并发出警报, 由工作人员 进行处理。
所述警报可以通过各种方式发出, 例如可以通过声音信号、 光信号等。 优选地, 所述张紧装置还包括用于检测所述行走机械的行走速度的速 度检测装置, 该速度检测装置与所述控制器 4连接, 将代表检测到的所述 行走机械的行走速度的信号发送给所述控制器 4; 所述第二油路为多条, 各 条所述第二油路上的所述溢流阀 6 的溢流值互不相同, 并且每个溢流值对 应一个行走速度区间; 所述控制器 4根据所述行走机械的行走速度, 控制 其中一条所述第二油路上的第二控制阀 5 以使该条第二油路导通, 该条第 二油路中的溢流阀 6 的溢流值与该行走速度所在的行走速度区间相对应, 并控制其它第二油路上的第二控制阀 5 以使该其他第二油路切断。 从而可 以根据张紧装置在使用时的具体工况来选择其中一条相应的第二油路导 通, 以该条第二油路上的溢流阀 6的溢流压力对液压缸 1 的无杆腔充压, 使得张紧装置具有与该工况相适应的张紧力。 所述速度检测装置可以为各 种适当的形式, 可以通过各种方式进行检测, 例如速度检测装置可以为用 于检测所述行走机械的发动机转速的传感器, 当然, 也可以为检测行走马 达的转速的传感器, 也可以为行走机械的位移传感器等。
如图 1所示, 所述第二油路为两条。 如图 1和图 2所示, 其中一条第 二油路上的溢流阀 6的溢流值为 P2,该溢流值 P2可以与行走机械的高速行 走速度区间 (例如发动机转速大于等于 800 rpm)相适应, 另一条第二油路 上的溢流阀 6的溢流值为 P3 ,该溢流值为 P3可以与行走机械的低速行走速 度区间 (例如发动机转速小于 800 rpm)相适应。 当然, 张紧装置还可以设 置更多条第二油路, 从而将行走机械的行走速度更细地分为相应的更多个 区间, 从而张紧装置能够以更多个可选的张紧压力进行张紧, 有效提高行 走机械的行驶特性。
下面将结合图 1和图 2所示的具体实施方式来说明具有上述张紧装置 的履带式行走机械的工作过程。
行走机械的发动机失电时, 则控制器 4控制第一控制阀 3的电磁铁 Y3 失电 (第一油路导通), 主阀 2处于中位, 此时液压缸 1与油箱连通, 液压 缸 1卸压。
发动机得电时, 则控制器 4控制第一控制阀 3的电磁铁 Y3得电(第一 油路切断); 同时检测发动机转速是否达到 800 rpm, 将有以下两种情况: 1. 当检测到发动机转速大于 800 rpm时,比较张紧装置的张紧压力(液 压缸 1的无杆腔中的压力)与溢流阀 6的溢流值 P2的大小, 若张紧压力高 于 P2, 则使得控制器 4锁定并发出警报, 当张紧压力低于 P2时, 主阀 2 的电磁铁 Y2和第二控制阀 5的电磁铁 Y5得电, 系统开始充压。 在冲压时 间超过 T2时若张紧压力未达到 P2, 则控制器 4锁定并发出警报。 在时间 T2内, 在压力未达到 P2时, 系统持续充压直到压力达到 P2。 压力达到 P2 时, 主阀 2的电磁铁 Y2和第二控制阀 5的电磁铁 Y5失电, 由蓄能器 8开 始保压, 充压过程结束;
2. 当检测到发动机转速小于或等于 800 rpm时, 比较张紧装置的张紧 压力 (液压缸 1的无杆腔中的压力) 与溢流阀 6的溢流值 P3的大小, 若张 紧压力高于 P3 , 则使得控制器 4锁定并发出警报, 当张紧压力低于 P3时, 则主阀 2的电磁铁 Y2和第二控制阀 5的电磁铁 Y4得电, 系统开始冲压。 在冲压时间超过 T3时若张紧压力未达到 P3 , 则控制器 4锁定并发出警报。 在时间 T3内, 在压力未达到 P3时, 系统持续冲压直到压力达到 P3。 压力 达到 P3时, 主阀 2的电磁铁 Y2和第二控制阀 5的电磁铁 Y4失电, 由蓄 能器 8开始保压, 充压过程结束。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式, 但是, 本发明并不 限于上述实施方式中的具体细节, 在本发明的技术构思范围内, 可以对本 发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型, 这些简单变型均属于本发明的保护范 围。
另外需要说明的是, 在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特 征, 在不矛盾的情况下, 可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合。 为了避免不 必要的重复, 本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。
此外, 本发明的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合, 只要 其不违背本发明的思想, 其同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种张紧装置, 该张紧装置包括液压缸 (1 ), 其特征在于, 所述张 紧装置还包括主阀 (2 ) 和第一控制阀 (3 ); 所述主阀 (2) 的两个工作油 口分别与所述液压缸 (1 ) 的有杆腔和无杆腔连通, 以控制所述液压缸 (1 ) 处于充压状态或保压状态; 所述液压缸 (1 ) 的无杆腔和所述主阀 (2) 的 工作油口之间的管路上旁接有与油箱连通的第一油路,所述第一控制阀(3 ) 串接在该第一油路上以控制该第一油路导通或切断。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的张紧装置, 其特征在于, 所述张紧装置还包 括与所述第一油路并联的第二油路, 该第二油路上串接有第二控制阀 (5 ) 以控制该第二油路导通或切断, 该第二油路上还串接有溢流阀 (6)。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的张紧装置, 其特征在于, 所述第二油路为多 条, 并且各条所述第二油路上的所述溢流阀 (6) 的溢流值互不相同。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的张紧装置, 其特征在于, 所述张紧装置还包 括与所述液压缸 (1 ) 的无杆腔连通的蓄能器 (8)。
5、 根据权利要求 1-4中任意一项所述的张紧装置, 其特征在于, 所述 张紧装置还包括控制器 (4), 该控制器 (4) 与所述主阀 (2)、 第一控制阀
(3 ) 和第二控制阀 (5 ) 电连接。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的张紧装置, 其特征在于, 所述张紧装置还包 括与所述液压缸 (1 ) 的无杆腔连通的压力传感器 (7), 该压力传感器 (7 ) 与所述控制器 (4) 连接。
7、 根据权利要求 1所述的张紧装置, 其特征在于, 所述主阀 (2) 和 / 或所述第一控制阀 (3 ) 为电磁换向阀, 所述主阀 (2) 的工作油口与所述 无杆腔之间的管路上串接有单向阀 (9), 该单向阀 (9) 允许液压油从所述 主阀 (2) 的工作油口流向所述无杆腔。
8、 根据权利要求 1所述的张紧装置, 其特征在于, 所述张紧装置还包 括导向架和导向轮, 所述液压缸 (1 ) 的活塞杆与所述导向架的一端接触或 连接, 所述导向架的另一端安装在所述导向轮上。
9、 一种履带式行走机械, 其特征在于, 该履带行走机械包括根据权利 要求 1-8中任意一项所述的张紧装置,该张紧装置用于对所述行走机械的履 带进行张紧。
10、 一种履带式行走机械, 该履带式行走机械包括用于对所述行走机 械的履带进行张紧的张紧装置, 该张紧装置包括液压缸 (1 ), 其特征在于, 该张紧装置还包括主阀 (2)、 第一控制阀 (3 ) 和控制器 (4);
所述主阀 (2) 的两个工作油口分别与所述液压缸 (1 ) 的有杆腔和无 杆腔连通, 以控制所述液压缸 (1 ) 处于充压状态或保压状态;
所述液压缸 (1 ) 的无杆腔和所述主阀 (2) 的工作油口之间的管路上 旁接有与油箱连通的第一油路, 所述第一控制阀 (3 ) 串接在该第一油路上 以控制该第一油路导通或切断;
所述控制器与所述主阀 (2) 和第一控制阀 (3 ) 连接, 当所述行走机 械停机时, 所述控制器 (4) 控制所述第一控制阀 (3 ) 以使所述第一油路 导通, 当所述行走机械启动时, 所述控制器 (4) 控制所述第一控制阀 (3 ) 以使所述第一油路切断。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的履带式行走机械, 其特征在于, 当所述行 走机械停机时, 所述控制器 (4) 控制所述主阀 (2) 以使所述液压缸 (1 ) 处于保压状态; 当所述行走机械启动时,所述控制器(4)控制所述主阀(2) 以使所述液压缸 (1 ) 处于充压状态。
12、 根据权利要求 10所述的履带式行走机械, 其特征在于,
所述张紧装置还包括与所述第一油路并联的第二油路, 该第二油路上 串接有第二控制阀 (5 ) 以控制该第二油路导通或切断, 该第二油路上还串 接有溢流阀 (6), 所述第二控制阀 (5 ) 与所述控制器 (4) 连接;
当所述行走装置启动时, 所述控制器 (4) 控制所述第二控制阀 (5 ) 以使所述第二油路导通。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的履带式行走机械, 其特征在于,
所述张紧装置还包括与所述液压缸 (1 ) 的无杆腔连通的压力传感器 (7 ), 该压力传感器 (7 ) 与所述控制器 (4) 连接, 将代表检测到的所述 无杆腔的压力值的信号发送给所述控制器 (4),
当所述行走装置启动时, 所述控制器还比较所述液压缸 (1 ) 的无杆腔 的压力值和所述溢流阀 (6) 的溢流值,
当所述无杆腔的压力值小于所述溢流阀 (6) 的溢流值时, 所述 控制器 (4) 控制所述主阀 (2) 以使所述液压缸 (1 ) 处于充压状态, 并且 控制所述第二控制阀 (5 ) 以使所述第二油路导通;
当所述无杆腔的压力值等于所述溢流阀 (6) 的溢流值时, 所述 控制器 (4) 控制所述主阀 (2) 以使所述液压缸 (1 ) 处于保压状态, 并且 控制所述第二控制阀 (5 ) 以使所述第二油路切断。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的履带式行走机械, 其特征在于,
当所述无杆腔的压力值大于所述溢流阀 (6) 的溢流值时, 所述 控制器 (4) 锁定并发出警报。
15、 根据权利要求 13所述的履带式行走机械, 其特征在于, 当所述无 杆腔的压力值小于所述溢流阀 (6) 的溢流值时, 所述控制器 (4) 还计算 所述张紧装置的张紧时间, 当张紧时间超过预定时间而所述无杆腔的压力 值还未达到所述溢流阀 (6) 的溢流值时, 所述控制器 (4) 锁定并发出警 报。
16、根据权利要求 11-15中任意一项所述的履带式行走机械,其特征在 于,
所述张紧装置还包括用于检测所述行走机械的行走速度的速度检测装 置, 该速度检测装置与所述控制器 (4) 连接, 将代表检测到的所述行走机 械的行走速度的信号发送给所述控制器 (4);
所述第二油路为多条, 各条所述第二油路上的所述溢流阀 (6) 的溢流 值互不相同, 并且每个溢流值对应一个行走速度区间;
所述控制器 (4) 根据所述行走机械的行走速度, 控制其中一条所述第 二油路上的第二控制阀 (5 ) 以使该条第二油路导通, 该条第二油路中的溢 流阀 (6) 的溢流值与该行走速度所在的行走速度区间相对应, 并控制其它 第二油路上的第二控制阀 (5 ) 以使该其他第二油路切断。
17、 根据权利要求 15所述的履带式行走机械, 其特征在于, 所述速度 检测装置为用于检测所述行走机械的发动机转速的传感器。
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DE3237336A1 (de) * 1981-12-12 1983-06-16 Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen Gleiskettenfahrzeug mit hydraulischer spannvorrichtung
US4840437A (en) * 1988-03-15 1989-06-20 Cadillac Gage Textron Inc. Dynamic track tensioning system for tracked vehicles
CN2108668U (zh) * 1990-12-27 1992-07-01 鞍山钢铁公司 履带和传动链条调紧器
CN1119846A (zh) * 1993-03-26 1996-04-03 克虏伯工业技术有限公司 张紧履带式行走机构履带的液压式履带张紧设备
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US20050029866A1 (en) * 2003-06-30 2005-02-10 Komatsu Ltd. Track adjuster

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108278229A (zh) * 2018-03-19 2018-07-13 湖南星邦重工有限公司 一种曲臂式高空作业车连接体调平液压系统
CN108278229B (zh) * 2018-03-19 2024-03-26 湖南星邦智能装备股份有限公司 一种曲臂式高空作业车连接体调平液压系统

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