WO2013009207A1

WO2013009207A1 - Air ionization method and device for the implementation thereof

Info

Publication number: WO2013009207A1
Application number: PCT/RU2011/000502
Authority: WO
Inventors: Николай Ефимович КУРНОСОВ; Дмитрий Сергеевич ИНОЗЕМЦЕВ
Original assignee: Закрытое Акционерное Общество "Вкм Групп"
Priority date: 2011-07-08
Filing date: 2011-07-08
Publication date: 2013-01-17
Also published as: RU2013158077A; RU2576513C2

Abstract

The air ionization method includes separating air into a cooled stream and a heated stream in a vortex tube, ensuring the condensation of moisture contained in the cooled air stream, and discharging from the vortex tube the air streams ionized as a result of the Lenard effect. A magnetic field is applied to the cooled ionized stream at the outlet from the vortex tube. The cooled ionized stream is then separated into several streams, and diametrically opposing streams are directed at each other, ensuring the impact dynamic interaction thereof. The device for implementing this method comprises a vortex tube, a duct for tangential air supply, a vortex generator, ducts for discharging a cooled air stream and a heated air stream, and a flow regulator valve located in the heated air outlet duct. The vortex tube is equipped with a separator at the cooled air outlet, said separator having channels equally distributed around the perimeter thereof which exit into a cylindrical mixer in the form of a cavity on the external side of the separator, while the outlet openings of the channel are arranged in diametrically opposing pairs.

Description

METHOD OF IONIZATION OF AIR AND DEVICE FOR ITS

IMPLEMENTATION

Technical field

The invention relates to the field of ionization, ozonation and conditioning of atmospheric air in order to improve its consumer properties and is intended for use in industrial and domestic premises for processing ambient air. The invention can also be used for aeroionotherapy of various diseases and the treatment of any gaseous media. State of the art

Ionization of gases or liquids, as a physical phenomenon, is the formation in the medium of positive and negative ions and free electrons from electrically neutral atoms and molecules by means of energy exposure to them. Among the various methods of ionization, electric, thermal, shock, photon, laser, electrolytic and other types are distinguished.

There is a method of ionizing, for example, a liquid by thinly dispersing (spraying) it, which is based on the balloelectric effect (I.L. Knunyants Chemical Encyclopedia in 5 volumes, vol. 1, M, Soviet Encyclopedia, 1988, p. 448).

The disadvantages of the ionization method due to the balloelectric effect are the insufficiently high degree of ionization of the liquid, the low intensity of saturation of air with ions when mixing the ionized liquid with air, the inability to control the process and achieve the required unipolarity.

From document SU 115834, a method for ionizing atmospheric air is known, according to which the liquid coming from the tank is sprayed with an impeller, as a result of which the liquid molecules acquire an electric charge. Through the slots of the impeller housing, air is sucked in, which mixes with the sprayed liquid and picks up light and medium hydroion liquids. The resulting mixture of air and ionized particles of liquid is discharged outside and enters the room. Large (heavy) hydroions that are not picked up by the air flow settle on the walls of the impeller housing and flow into the reservoir with the liquid and ionize it, increasing the number of hydroions in it, which helps to increase the unipolarity and intensity of air saturation with liquid ions.

The disadvantages of this method are the low degree of dispersion of the liquid, due to the mechanical dispersion method using the impeller, and the inefficiency of the passive system for mixing liquid with air by sucking air from the atmosphere. A low degree of dispersion of the liquid results in a coarsely dispersed liquid, including the presence of a large number of non-ionized medium and large particles that are not trapped by air and do not increase the ionization potential of air. The inefficiency of the system of mixing air and liquid leads to an uneven distribution of liquid ions in the air and a decrease in the general unipolarity of the air. In addition, when treating air with coarse particles of ionized liquid, the humidity of the mixture increases, which in some cases is an undesirable phenomenon.

From document JP2001-1 198219, a method of ionizing air is known, according to which the dispersion of the liquid is carried out using an ultrasonic transducer located in the bottom of the device. Liquid and air are supplied to the bottom of the device. After atomization of the liquid by ultrasonic action and its ionization, it enters the device body and is passively mixed with air. The resulting mixture enters the vessel with double walls, where medium and large particles of liquid settle on the walls of the vessel and are removed from the mixture.

The disadvantages of this method are the design complexity, inefficiency of the system of mixing air and ionized liquid, increased air humidity, reduced degree of air ionization due to the neutralization of part of the charges on the walls of the vessel. As in the previous invention, the mixture of air with liquid particles is heterogeneous, which reduces the overall degree of ionization of the air. The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a device for treating moist air according to the copyright certificate SU 1483205. When this device is in operation, ionization is achieved by treating moist air using a vortex energy separator (vortex tube) and a high-voltage electric discharge ionizer. The high-voltage electric-discharge ionizer is made in the form of a casing placed around a cold flow outlet pipe and connected to a positive electrode and a needle negative electrode located along the axis of the cold stream pipe. In a vortex tube, air is divided into cooled and heated streams. Cooled air with the fog formed in it enters the region of a unipolar corona discharge, where the particles of fog and air molecules acquire a negative charge and under the action of electrostatic forces move to the positive ring electrode, dragging the cooled air along with them. In the corona discharge zone, ozone molecules are formed from excited oxygen molecules. Ionized and ozonized air is sent to cool the cutter in the metalworking zone.

The described device has the following disadvantages:

- the absence of a forced system for mixing air and condensed particles of fog leads to heterogeneity of the mixture and a decrease in ionization potential;

- the need to use an electrical ionization method to increase the degree of ionization of the air, which leads to a complication of the device and an increase in energy costs;

- imperfection of the electrode system for air ionization. This disadvantage is that the corona discharge with the described arrangement and shape of the electrodes is formed only in a narrow region around the central needle electrode with a diameter of 3- ^ 5 mm, and the remaining channel cross-sectional area at the periphery of the confuser is outside the corona discharge region, as a result of which a significant amount of air is not subjected to ionization treatment. This circumstance reduces the degree of ionization of the air.

The noted drawbacks in the aggregate do not provide a high degree of ionization of the air and reduce its effectiveness. The invention is aimed at increasing the degree of ionization of air, providing control over the ionization process, increasing the intensity of air saturation with ions of a dispersed liquid and increasing the efficiency of the ionization process with the simplicity of the method and the device used.

Disclosure of invention

The problem is solved in the method of ionization of air, including the separation of air into cooled and heated flows in a vortex tube with the condensation of moisture contained in the cooled air stream, and the output of the vortex tube ionized due to the balloelectric effect of the flows of cooled and heated air. According to the invention, the cooled ionized stream is divided into several separate jets uniformly distributed along the vortex tube perimeter and directed diametrically opposite jets towards each other to ensure their shock-dynamic interaction, and the magnetic ion pre-acting on the stream of cooled ionized air at the exit of the vortex tube with the force magnetic lines along the air flow in opposite or passing directions.

The impact on the flow of chilled pre-ionized air at the outlet of the vortex tube of a magnetic field with the possibility of different positions of the magnetic lines of force relative to the air flow makes it possible to obtain both bipolar ionization and ion separation and ensure the unipolarity of ionized air. The separation of the stream of cooled ionized air after its magnetic treatment into several separate jets evenly distributed along the vortex tube perimeter and the direction of diametrically opposite jets towards each other with the provision of their shock-dynamic interaction, providing additional dispersion of liquid droplets and additional air ionization.

Thus, the method according to the invention can significantly increase the degree of ionization of air compared with known methods due to the presence of two stages of ionization: dispersion of the liquid in the vortex tube and additional dispersion of liquid droplets in the separator at counter shock dynamic interaction of air jets. An increase in the degree of ionization is promoted by a high degree of dispersion of the liquid and mixing of the components of the mixture. In addition, the intensity of air saturation by ions of a dispersed liquid increases due to intensive mixing of components due to counter shock dynamic interaction of air jets in the mixer with the formation of a finely dispersed ionized mixture with a uniform distribution of ions throughout the mixture. This increases the degree of controllability of the ionization process (obtaining bipolar and unipolar ionization) due to the possibility of changing the direction of the magnetic field. The increase in the unipolarity of ionized air is ensured by magnetic air treatment, as a result of which it is possible to obtain ionized air with an absolute predominance of ions of the same sign.

The problem is also solved in a device for ionizing air, containing a vortex tube, a pipe for tangential air supply, a swirl, outlet pipes for cooled and heated air flows and a throttle located in the outlet pipe for heated air. According to the invention, the vortex tube at the outlet of the cooled air is additionally equipped with a separator with channels evenly distributed along its perimeter, extending into a cylindrical mixer made in the form of a cavity on the outside of the separator, while the channel outlet openings are diametrically opposed in pairs.

Preferably, the channels are substantially L-shaped, with the ratio of the total area of the channels of the separator to the living area of the outlet pipe of the cooled air stream being 1 / 2.5-1 / 3.0.

In addition, the outlet pipe for the cooled air can be equipped with two annular permanent magnets covering the pipe, mounted on the end planes of the swirl with the possibility of their rearrangement to change the direction of the magnetic field relative to the flow of cooled air.

Features and advantages of the present invention will be better understood from the further detailed description of a variant of its implementation with reference to the drawings. Brief Description of the Drawings

In FIG. 1 schematically shows a device for ionizing air according to the present invention, a view in longitudinal section;

in FIG. 2 is a section along AA in FIG. 1. An embodiment of the invention

As shown in FIG. 1, a device for implementing the air ionization method in accordance with the present invention is a vortex tube consisting of a housing 1, a swirl 2, a throttle 3, a pipe 4 for tangential air supply to the swirl 2, a cooled air outlet 5 and a heated air outlet 6. The inner surface of the casing of the vortex tube 1 is made of non-porous material that does not conduct electric current, for example, fluoroplastic, polystyrene, polyvinyl, organic glass, etc. with a roughness of not more than Ra 0.8. The inner surfaces of other parts of the device are made of the same material. All other surfaces and other parts of the device can be made of any material. The housing has a cylindrical or conical shape. The swirl 2 is a cochlear supercharger that swirls the air flow and feeds it along a helical line into the vortex tube body. The throttle 3 is intended, firstly, for the selection of heated air and, secondly, for regulating its flow rate, and, accordingly, the flow rate of chilled air.

The vortex tube provides energy separation of air into cooled and heated flows. Separation is due to the Rank-Hills effect. The heated stream moves along the periphery of the vortex tube, and the cooled stream moves along the pipe axis in the opposite direction. At the end of the pipe there is a reflector 7, which ensures the rotation of the flow and the outlet of heated air through the peripheral holes 8 into the pipe 6.

The chilled air outlet pipe 5 is provided with two permanent ring magnets 9 and 10, covering said pipe. The magnets are mounted on the end planes of the swirl 2 on its outer sides. The magnets 9 and 10 are mounted with the possibility of their rearrangement, so that the direction of the magnetic field is either oncoming or passing relative to the flow of cooled air. Coercive magnetic field strength and dimensions magnets are determined by the parameters of the air flow (flow, pressure, speed), the size of the vortex tube and are selected experimentally.

The device at the outlet of the cooled air is equipped with a separator 11, dividing the air flow into separate jets. To this end, channels 12 are made in the separator, for example, of an L-shaped shape uniformly distributed around the perimeter of the separator 1 1. The channels 12 exit into a cylindrical mixer 13, which is a cavity on the outside of the separator. The outlet openings of the channels 12 are arranged in pairs diametrically opposite (Fig. 2)

The total area of the channels 12 and their number in the separator are calculated based on the ratio: F _K / F _0B = 1 / 2.5-1 / 3.0, where F _K is the total area of the channels, F _0B is the living section area of the cooled outlet pipe air flow. To output ionized air from the device, there is a pipe 14.

The method is as follows.

Through the pipe 4 and the swirl 2 in the casing 1 of the vortex tube serves moist air (humidity more than 30%) depending on the required output parameters of humidity and ionization potential. The air flow in the vortex tube is intensively swirled at high peripheral speed, turbulized and divided into two flows: heated (peripheral) and cooled (axial). Both flows move towards each other, which increases turbulization.

In a cooled air stream, due to the lowered temperature, the moisture contained in the stream is condensed to form liquid droplets. Drops of liquid during a vortex rotational motion in a vortex tube are crushed into individual particles, sprayed into finely divided fractions and, in accordance with the balloelectric effect, are ionized as a result of the separation of electrons from the atoms and molecules of the liquid and the formation of positive ions and free electrons. Then finely dispersed ionized liquid is mixed with air flows (heated and cooled) and gives them the ionization potential. The heated ionized air is discharged through the pipe 6, the cooled ionized air is supplied to the pipe 5. The stream of chilled air at the exit of the vortex tube is treated with a magnetic field with the location of the magnetic lines of force along the air stream in the opposite or passing directions. One or another direction of the magnetic field is provided by the installation of magnets 9 and 10. For example, in FIG. 1 shows one of the options for installing magnets with an indication of their poles. With this arrangement of the poles of the magnets, the magnetic field will coincide in direction with the air flow. When the poles are reversed, the magnetic field will be directed towards the air flow.

When the magnetic forces are directed in the direction of the air flow, positive ions will deviate to the periphery of the flow due to the action of magnetic forces before entering the nozzle 5, and then they will be captured by the air flow coming from the swirl 2 and return to the vortex tube. Negatively charged particles under the influence of magnetic forces will deviate to the center of the flow and freely exit with cooled air. As a result, only negative ions will be contained in the stream of chilled air.

The described redistribution of charged particles ensures the unipolarity of ionized air flows. When the poles of the magnets are reversed, the cooled air stream will have only positive ions.

After magnetic treatment, the cooled air enters the L-shaped channels 12 of the separator 1 1. Since the total area of the channels 12 is 2.5-3 times less than the living area of the chilled air outlet 5, the air velocity in the channels and at the outlet of them increases . High-speed jets of air enter the mixer 13, made in the form of a cavity on the outside of the separator.

Since the outlet openings of the channels 12 in the separator are directed diametrically opposite in pairs, then at the exit from them the air jets intensively contact each other in the oncoming shock-dynamic interaction.

During the interaction of air jets, the remaining liquid droplets are additionally dispersed due to the kinetic shock-dynamic interaction of air jets. At the same time, the number of ions increases (due to secondary impact ionization) and their density in the air stream, as a result of which the degree of air ionization increases. Also air and charged particles are actively mixed with the achievement of a high uniformity of the distribution of ionized particles in the air.

A high degree of dispersion of liquid droplets and air ionization is provided due to the above optimal ratio of the total area of the channels in the separator and the living area of the chilled air pipe. The above ratio allows for a high speed of air jets without a significant increase in the resistance of the channels and the total pressure in the device. So, with a ratio of less than 2.5, the speed of the air jets decreases, the process of dispersing liquid droplets becomes ineffective due to a decrease in the kinetic energy of the air jets, and with a ratio of more than 3.0, the resistance of the channels and the pressure in the device increase, increasing the energy consumption for air ionization.

The invention in comparison with the known solutions allows to obtain the following advantages:

- increase the degree of ionization of the air due to the presence of two stages of ionization: due to the dispersion of the liquid in the vortex tube and due to the additional dispersion of droplets of liquid in the separator in the counter shock-dynamic interaction of air jets. In addition, a high degree of dispersion of the liquid and mixing of the components of the mixture contribute to the increase in ionization;

- to increase the intensity of air saturation by ions of a dispersed liquid due to intensive mixing of the components due to counter shock-dynamic interaction of air jets in the mixer with the formation of a finely dispersed ionized mixture with a uniform distribution of ions throughout the mixture;

- to ensure controllability of the ionization process (obtaining bipolar and unipolar ionization) by setting the direction of the magnetic field;

- increase the unipolarity of ionized air due to the magnetic treatment of air, as a result of which it is possible to obtain ionized air with an absolute predominance of ions of the same sign;

- increase the efficiency of the ionization process, which is provided by the intensification of all technological operations of ionization - dispersion of a liquid, ionization of a liquid, mixing air and liquid. As a result, the productivity of the process of air ionization increases significantly.

Claims

CLAIM

1. The method of ionization of air, including the separation of air into cooled and heated flows in a vortex tube with the condensation of moisture contained in the cooled air stream, and the output of the vortex tube ionized due to the balloelectric effect of the flows of cooled and heated air, characterized in that the cooled the ionized stream is divided into several separate jets uniformly distributed along the perimeter of the vortex tube and direct diametrically opposite jets towards each other with echeniem shock their dynamic interactions, wherein the flow of cooled ionized air at the outlet of the vortex tube pre affect the magnetic field with the location of magnetic lines of force along the air flow in the opposite or the same direction.

2. A device for ionizing air, containing a vortex tube (1), a pipe (4) for tangential air supply, a swirler (2), pipes (5, 6) for the outlet of cooled and heated air flows and a throttle (3) located in the pipe ( 6) the outlet of heated air, characterized in that the vortex tube (1) at the outlet of the cooled air is additionally equipped with a separator (11) with channels (12) evenly distributed along its perimeter that exit into a cylindrical mixer (13), made in the form of a cavity on the outside side of the separator (11), while one of the openings of the channels (12) are arranged diametrically opposite in pairs.

3. The device according to p. 2, characterized in that the channels (12) are essentially L-shaped.

4. The device according to p. 3, characterized in that the ratio of the total area of the channels (12) of the separator to the living area of the pipe (5) of the outlet of the cooled air stream is 1 / 2.5-1 / 3.0.

5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that the pipe (5) of the cooled air outlet is equipped with two ring permanent magnets (9,

10), covering the mentioned pipe (5) and installed on the end planes of the swirl (2) with the possibility of their rearrangement to change the direction of the magnetic field relative to the flow of cooled air.