WO2013008186A2 - Concentrateur d'énergie solaire luminescent - Google Patents

Concentrateur d'énergie solaire luminescent Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013008186A2
WO2013008186A2 PCT/IB2012/053537 IB2012053537W WO2013008186A2 WO 2013008186 A2 WO2013008186 A2 WO 2013008186A2 IB 2012053537 W IB2012053537 W IB 2012053537W WO 2013008186 A2 WO2013008186 A2 WO 2013008186A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
inorganic
luminescent material
solar energy
energy concentrator
refractive index
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2012/053537
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English (en)
Other versions
WO2013008186A3 (fr
Inventor
Dirk Kornelis Gerhardus De Boer
Marcus Antonius Verschuuren
Remco VAN BRAKEL
Wouter Dekkers
Original Assignee
Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. filed Critical Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V.
Publication of WO2013008186A2 publication Critical patent/WO2013008186A2/fr
Publication of WO2013008186A3 publication Critical patent/WO2013008186A3/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H01L31/055—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means where light is absorbed and re-emitted at a different wavelength by the optical element directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. by using luminescent material, fluorescent concentrators or up-conversion arrangements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to converter materials for solar cells.
  • Luminescent solar energy concentrators are devices to decrease the costs of solar cells and have recently been introduced in the art e.g. in the WO 2010/67296, hereby incorporated by reference.
  • a luminescent solar energy concentrator for a photovoltaic cell comprising a waveguide comprising a transparent matrix having (i) particles of an inorganic luminescent material dispersed therein and/or (ii) an inorganic luminescent material provided at at least one side thereof, wherein the waveguide is associated with the photovoltaic cell so that, in use, at least some of the light emitted from the luminescent material passes into the photovoltaic cell to generate a voltage in the cell, whereby the difference of the refractive index 3 ⁇ 4 of the inorganic luminescent material and the refractive index n 2 of the transparent matrix, both measured at the emission peak of the inorganic luminescent material is ⁇ 0.6.
  • the efficiency of the concentrator is increased due to less light emitted by the inorganic luminescent material leaving the concentrator without passing into the photovoltaic cell
  • emission peak in the sense of the present invention especially means and/or includes the wavelength between 500 nm and 1000 nm where the emission of the inorganic luminescent material has the highest intensity
  • the difference of the refractive index 3 ⁇ 4 of the inorganic luminescent material and the refractive index n 2 of the transparent matrix, both measured at the emission peak of the inorganic luminescent material is ⁇ 0.4, more preferred ⁇ 0.2, yet more preferred ⁇ 0.13 and most preferred ⁇ 0.08.
  • the difference of the refractive index 3 ⁇ 4 of the inorganic luminescent material and the refractive index n 2 of the transparent matrix, both measured at the absorption peak of the inorganic luminescent material is >0.02, more preferred >0.03, most preferred >0.05. It has been shown in practice for many applications that this slight difference in refractive index may be advantageous since the resulting scattering of the incident radiation has the effect of increasing the path length in the phosphor and hence enhancing the chance of absorption.
  • absorption peak in the sense of the present invention especially means and/or includes the wavelength between 280 nm and 600 nm where the absorption of the inorganic luminescent material has the highest intensity.
  • the inorganic luminescent material comprises at least one ion selected from rare-earth ions like Sm 2+ , Ce 3+ , Eu 3+ , Eu 2+ , Er 3+ , Nd 3+ , Ho 3+ , Yb 3+ ,Tm 3+ , Sm 3+ , Dy 3+ ' Mn 2+ or Yb 2+ .
  • rare-earth ions like Sm 2+ , Ce 3+ , Eu 3+ , Eu 2+ , Er 3+ , Nd 3+ , Ho 3+ , Yb 3+ ,Tm 3+ , Sm 3+ , Dy 3+ ' Mn 2+ or Yb 2+ .
  • the inorganic luminescent material is selected from the group comprising oxidic, nitridic, oxidonitridic, fluoridic, borate, phosphate materials and mixtures thereof. These materials have been found advantageous in practice. Additionally or alternatively according to another embodiment of the present invention, the converter material is selected from the group comprising alkaline and/or earth alkaline containing materials.
  • the inorganic luminescent material is selected from the group comprising EAi_ x B 4 0v:Sm x with EA being an earth alkaline metal or mixtures of earth alkaline metals, Gd3Ga 5 0i 2 :Ce,Cr, CaAlSiN3:Ce,Eu or mixtures thereof.
  • the average diameter of the particles is >50 nm and ⁇ 10 ⁇ , preferably >100 nm and ⁇ 5 ⁇ and most preferred >300 nm and ⁇ 1 ⁇ m. This size has been shown to be a good compromise to ensure scattering (which will not happen at very small sizes) and a good processability of the particles.
  • the transparent matrix material is selected from the group comprising:
  • especially high-index organic polyimides are especially preferred.
  • examples of such polyimides are e.g. the material OptiNDEXTM Dl polyimide, sold by the company Brewer, Rolla, MO, USA.
  • Another class of high- index organic polymers is that of episulfides (e.g. those developed by Mitsubishi Gas Company).
  • Suitable polymers are PVP, PVB, Poly(meth)acrylates, Polycarbonates and/or polyimides which may have inorganic particles like oxides, especially Ti0 2 , Hf0 2 , Zr0 2 , BaTiC"3, SrTiC"3 dispersed therein.
  • the average size of these particles is ⁇ 100 nm, more preferred ⁇ 70 nm and most preferred ⁇ 30 nm.
  • the fraction of particles having a particle size of >200nm is ⁇ 5 (wt%), more preferred ⁇ 3 (wt%) and most preferred ⁇ 2 (wt%).
  • Suitable materials are silicone polymers such as PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) or silicone resins like the resin "SILRES", sold by the Wacker Company, Burghausen, Germany.
  • silicone polymers such as PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) or silicone resins like the resin "SILRES", sold by the Wacker Company, Burghausen, Germany.
  • the average size of these particles is ⁇ 100 nm, more preferred ⁇ 70 nm and most preferred ⁇ 30 nm.
  • the fraction of particles having a particle size of >200nm is ⁇ 5 (wt%), more preferred ⁇ 3 (wt%) and most preferred ⁇ 2 (wt%).
  • Suitable materials are especially inorganic oxides like Ti0 2 , Hf0 2 , Zr0 2 , BaTi0 3 , SrTi0 3 or mixtures of these materials. These materials may be incorporated in sol- gel (silicate-based) material.
  • sol-gel materials may be easily processed, whereas the refractive index may be tuned by adding an appropriate amount of the mentioned high-index oxide material to the low-index (approx. 1.4) silicate.
  • Fig. 1 shows a very schematic cross-sectional view through a luminescent solar energy concentrator and a solar cell according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows the embodiment of Fig. 1 explaning the path of light
  • Fig. 3 shows a more detailled view through the embodiment of Figs 1 and 2.
  • Fig. 4 shows a comparative example in the same view as Fig. 3
  • Fig. 5 shows a diagram showing the influence of nanoparticles on the
  • Fig. 1 shows a very schematic cross-sectional view through a luminescent solar energy concentrator 1 and a solar cell 4 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the luminescent solar energy concentrator 1 comprises a light guide 3 and a transparent matrix 2 having inorganic luminescent particles dispersed therein (not shown in Fig. 1, cf. Fig. 3).
  • Fig. 2 shows the embodiment of Fig. 1 explaning the path of light and the functioning of the luminescent solar energy concentrator: A part of the solar light that incidents through the transparent matrix into one of the inorganic luminescent particles (indicated by the dashed line) is converted by said particle to light of a different wavelight, which eventually passes into the solar cell 4.
  • Fig. 3 shows a more detailled view through the embodiment of Figs 1 and 2 and shows the inorganic luminescent particles 5 which are dispersed in the transparent matrix 2.
  • the particles 5 and the matrix 2 are index- matched, the light emitted from the particles 5 will not leave the matrix 2 or the light guide 3, whereas in case that the both are not index-matched (as in Fig. 4 which shows a comparative example), some of the light will leave the luminescent solar energy concentrator 1, thereby causing efficiency losses.
  • Fig. 5 shows a diagram showing the influence of nanoparticles (here: Ti0 2 ) on the refractive index in an organic binder (here: PVB) having nanoparticles dispersed therein.
  • Ti0 2 dispersion with an average particle size of about 60nm (Titandioxid P25, Degussa) in ethanol (35% m/m) was added to a PVB solution.
  • the mixture is then mixed with a speedmixer (2000-2500 rpm for 2 minutes) the mixture was blade coated with a ⁇ blade and dried at room temperature.
  • the ratio Ti0 2 /PVB-binder was varied to create a calibration curve
  • Fig. 5 it is possible to increase the refractive index by nearly 0.3, thereby allowing to fit refractive index of the transparent matrix (which is formed by the organic binder and the nanoparticular Ti0 2 ) to that of the inorganic luminescent particles.
  • the refractive index of SrB 4 C"7 is shown as a dashed line.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Luminescent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un concentrateur d'énergie solaire luminescent comprenant un matériau matriciel et des composés inorganiques luminescents dispersés dans le matériau matriciel ou associés à ce dernier, lequel matériau matriciel et lesquels composés inorganiques luminescents sont appariés selon leurs indices.
PCT/IB2012/053537 2011-07-12 2012-07-11 Concentrateur d'énergie solaire luminescent WO2013008186A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US201161506790P 2011-07-12 2011-07-12
US61/506,790 2011-07-12

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2013008186A2 true WO2013008186A2 (fr) 2013-01-17
WO2013008186A3 WO2013008186A3 (fr) 2013-07-04

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11251323B2 (en) 2016-07-12 2022-02-15 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Solar power harvesting building envelope

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010067296A1 (fr) 2008-12-12 2010-06-17 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Générateur photovoltaïque luminescent et guide d’ondes utilisable dans un générateur photovoltaïque

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008311604A (ja) * 2007-02-06 2008-12-25 Hitachi Chem Co Ltd 太陽電池モジュール及び太陽電池モジュール用波長変換型集光フィルム
US20090110356A1 (en) * 2007-06-18 2009-04-30 Xiao-Dong Xiang Methods and apparatuses for waveguiding luminescence generated in a scattering medium
WO2010127348A2 (fr) * 2009-05-01 2010-11-04 Garrett Bruer Dispositif et procédé pour convertir un rayonnement incident en énergie électrique à l'aide d'un concentrateur solaire photoluminescent à conversion-élévation
US9082904B2 (en) * 2009-09-18 2015-07-14 Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha Solar cell module and solar photovoltaic system

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2010067296A1 (fr) 2008-12-12 2010-06-17 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Générateur photovoltaïque luminescent et guide d’ondes utilisable dans un générateur photovoltaïque

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11251323B2 (en) 2016-07-12 2022-02-15 Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Solar power harvesting building envelope

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WO2013008186A3 (fr) 2013-07-04

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