WO2013007134A1 - 一种电气线路短路电流限制及保护装置 - Google Patents

一种电气线路短路电流限制及保护装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013007134A1
WO2013007134A1 PCT/CN2012/075925 CN2012075925W WO2013007134A1 WO 2013007134 A1 WO2013007134 A1 WO 2013007134A1 CN 2012075925 W CN2012075925 W CN 2012075925W WO 2013007134 A1 WO2013007134 A1 WO 2013007134A1
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Prior art keywords
circuit
short
current limiting
group
training
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PCT/CN2012/075925
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
韩亚兰
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Han Yalan
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Publication of WO2013007134A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013007134A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26—Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
    • H02H9/02—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection responsive to excess current

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of short circuit protection of electric lines, which is a short circuit current limiting and protection device for electric lines.
  • the electric circuit installation and maintenance training room generally adopts the common circuit breaker switch as the power-on and disconnection control and the line short-circuit protection function, and the circuit breaker itself cannot effectively limit the short-circuit current.
  • the circuit breaker itself cannot effectively limit the short-circuit current.
  • the disconnection of the circuit breaker of its own will also cause the disconnection of the main circuit breaker switch of the training room. That is, as long as any short-circuit fault occurs in any training group, all groups will be powered off.
  • the purpose of the utility model is to overcome the deficiencies of the conventional short circuit protection device in the multi-group electric technical training occasion, and provide a power supply that only cuts off the short-circuit fault line group in time without affecting other The short-circuit current limit and protection device for the electrical line supplied by the group power supply.
  • an electric line short-circuit current limiting protection device comprising a current limiting protection unit, wherein the current limiting protection unit is composed of mutually
  • the current limiting element Z is connected with the circuit breaker switch QF1.
  • the circuit breaker switch QF1 in the current limiting protection unit is any one of a circuit breaker switch or a fuse or a PTC thermistor.
  • the current limiting element Z in the current limiting protection unit is an iron-free inductive coil structure or a high-power low-resistance resistor.
  • the current limiting protection unit may further be connected with a protection alarm holding circuit, and the protection alarm holding circuit is mainly composed of a light emitting element, an alarm element and a holding relay.
  • the maximum short-circuit current is equal to the line voltage divided by the reactance value of the current-limiting element (inductance value for the coil), effectively limiting the short-circuit current, which will be limited
  • the instantaneous operating current value of the circuit breaker switch QF at the front end of the flow protection unit (generally 5-20 times the rated current) is selected to be greater than the maximum short-circuit current, and the instantaneous operating current value of the circuit breaker switch QF1 in the current limiting protection unit is selected.
  • the selection is less than the maximum short-circuit current, so when a short-circuit fault occurs, only the circuit breaker switch QF1 in the current-limiting protection unit is disconnected in time, and the circuit breaker switch QF at the front end of the current-limiting protection unit is not tripped.
  • a current limiting protection unit can be connected in series on the phase line after the power switch of each group of electrical lines. Because the current limiting component Z effectively limits the short-circuit current intensity, the short-circuit current after the limitation is much smaller than the instantaneous operating current value of the electrical circuit breaker (workshop) total circuit breaker switch QF, and larger than the circuit breaker switch of the current limiting protection unit.
  • the instantaneous operating current value therefore, when a short-circuit fault occurs in the line of an i-th training group (i is any one of l ⁇ n), the device can ensure that only the fault group circuit breaker switch QFi is instantaneously actuated, cut off
  • the power supply of the fault group (group i) will not cause the protective jump of the total circuit breaker switch QF of the electrical training room (workshop) line, so that it will not affect the normal training of other groups, so that it can be more Let the students train in electrical operation, and also be able to set up short-circuit type faults to train students' ability to detect and eliminate short-circuit type faults. .
  • the utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1.
  • the short-circuit current can be effectively limited, thereby effectively avoiding excessive short-circuit current, causing the faulty line to rapidly heat up or ignite, and the limited short-circuit current intensity is limited by the device.
  • the flow component parameters are used to determine.
  • the short circuit current limiting and protection device of the electric circuit has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost and convenient installation.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the present invention applied to a single-phase line.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a combination application of the present invention and a protection alarm holding circuit.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first embodiment of the present invention applied to a three-phase line. [0017] FIG.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a second embodiment of the present invention applied to a three-phase line. [0018] FIG.
  • an electric line short-circuit current limiting protection device includes a current limiting protection unit 1 , wherein the current limiting protection unit is a current limiting element Z and a circuit breaker switch connected in series with each other.
  • QF1 composition As shown in FIG. 1 , an electric line short-circuit current limiting protection device includes a current limiting protection unit 1 , wherein the current limiting protection unit is a current limiting element Z and a circuit breaker switch connected in series with each other.
  • QF1 composition is a current limiting protection unit 1 , wherein the current limiting protection unit is a current limiting element Z and a circuit breaker switch connected in series with each other.
  • the circuit breaker switch QF1 in the current limiting protection unit 1 is any one of a circuit breaker or a fuse or a PTC thermistor.
  • the current limiting element Z in the current limiting protection unit 1 is an iron-free inductive coil structure or a great work Low resistance value resistor.
  • the current limiting element Z effectively limits Short-circuit current
  • the instantaneous operating current value (usually 5-20 times of the rated current) of the circuit breaker switch QF located at the front end of the current limiting protection unit is selected to be greater than the maximum short-circuit current
  • the circuit breaker switch QF1 in the current limiting protection unit The instantaneous action current value selection is less than the maximum short-circuit current, so when a short-circuit fault occurs, only the circuit breaker switch QF1 in the current limiting protection unit is disconnected in time, and the circuit breaker switch QF of the front end of the current limiting protection unit is not tripped.
  • the device can guarantee Only the fault group breaker switch QFi will be actuated instantaneously, and the power of the fault group (group i) will be cut off, which will not cause the protective trip of the total circuit breaker switch QF of the electrical training room (workshop) line, so that it will not be affected.
  • Normal training to other groups so that students can be more relaxed in the training of electrical operations, and can be boldly set up for short-circuit type Barrier, in order to train students checks and the ability to short-circuit type troubleshooting.
  • the electric circuit short-circuit current limiting protection device can also be combined with the protection alarm holding circuit.
  • the current limiting protection unit 1 can also be connected with the protection alarm holding circuit.
  • the protection alarm holding circuit 2 is mainly composed of a light-emitting element 3, an alarm element 4, and a holding relay 5.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the three-phase line of the electric line short-circuit current limiting and protection device, which is different from the first embodiment applied to the three-phase line, and is common to the electric main line.
  • a set of current limiting elements Z is used, since the current limiting element Z needs to pass the load current of all groups. Therefore, the power dissipation of the current limiting element Z is much larger than that applied in accordance with Figure 4.

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  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)

Abstract

一种电气线路短路电流限制及保护装置，包括限流保护单元（1），所述限流保护单元（1）由相互串接的限流元件（Z）与断路器开关（QF1）组成。该保护装置克服了常规短路保护装置用于多组别电气技术训练场合中的不足，既能对发生短路故障线路组别的短路电流强度进行有效限制，又能及时地切断发生短路故障组别线路电源。

Description

一种电气线路短路电流限制及保护装置
技术领域
[0001] 本实用新型涉及电气线路短路保护技术领域，是一种电气线路短路电流限 制及保护装置。
背景技术
[0002] 目前，电气线路安装与维修实训室普遍采用普通断路器开关担任电源接通 与分断的控制和线路短路保护功能， 断路器本身不能对短路电流进行有效限制。 如实训室内有多组别进行电气安装或维修的技能训练， 由于训练者的技术生疏而 较频繁出现短路故障在所难免， 当某训练组别发生短路故障时， 不仅会使得发生 短路故障组别自身的断路器开关分断， 还会引起实训室总断路器开关的分断， 即 出现只要任一训练组别一旦发生短路故障都会致使所有组别都断电的现象。在进 行电气线路故障检测和排除训练时，往往还需要人为设置线路短路故障来训练受 训者检测和排除线路短路故障的能力。 因此， 需要在电气安装或维修训练的电气 线路发生短路故障或人为设置短路故障时， 能有效地限制线路的短路电流， 使得 某组别发生短路故障时， 只引起本组别的断路器开关的及时分断， 只切断本组别 线路的电源， 不会引起实训室总断路器开关的分断， 避免因某个训练组别发生短 路故障而切断其他训练组别电源供给的现象。
发明内容
[0003] 本实用新型发明的目的就是为克服常规短路保护装置在用于多组别电气 技术训练场合中的不足， 提供了一种只及时切断发生短路故障线路组别的电源， 而不影响其它组别电源供给的电气线路短路电流限制及保护装置。
[0004] 本实用新型解决其技术问题所采用的技术方案是：一种电气线路短路电流 限制保护装置， 包括限流保护单元， 其特征在于， 所述限流保护单元是由相互串 接的限流元件 Z与断路器开关 QF1组成。
[0005] 本实用新型还可以采用以下技术措施解决：所述的限流保护单元中的断路 器开关 QF1是断路器开关或熔断器或 PTC 热敏电阻中的任意一种。
[0006] 所述限流保护单元中的限流元件 Z是无铁芯的电感线圈结构或是大功率 低阻值电阻。
[0007] 所述限流保护单元上还可以连接保护报警保持电路，保护报警保持电路主 要由发光元件、 报警元件和保持用继电器组成。
[0008] 当发生短路故障时， 由于限流元件 Z 的作用， 最大短路电流等于线路电 压除以限流元件的电抗值 （对于线圈就是感抗值）， 有效地限制了短路电流， 将 位于限流保护单元前端的断路器开关 QF的瞬时动作电流值（一般为额定电流的 5-20倍） 选取得大于最大短路电流， 而限流保护单元中的断路器开关 QF1 的瞬 时动作电流值选则选取小于最大短路电流， 因此当发生短路故障时， 只会使得限 流保护单元中的断路器开关 QF1 及时断开， 不会引起限流保护单元前端的断路 器开关 QF跳闸。
[0009] 当在一个电气训练室（车间）中有多个组别同时进行电气技术训练时， 可 以在每个组别的电气线路的电源开关后的相线上各串接一个限流保护单元， 由于 限流元件 Z对短路电流强度进行有效限制，使得限制后的短路电流远小于电气训 练室 （车间） 总断路器开关 QF的瞬时动作电流值， 而大于限流保护单元中断路 器开关的瞬时动作电流值， 因此， 当某第 i训练组 （i为 l〜n中的任一组） 的线 路发生短路故障时， 本装置能保证只会使故障组别断路器开关 QFi瞬时动作， 切 断故障组别 （第 i组） 的电源， 不会引起电气训练室 （车间） 线路的总断路器开 关 QF的保护性跳间， 从而不会影响到其他组别的正常训练， 这样， 就可以更放 手地让学生进行电气操作的训练， 还可以大胆的人为设置短路类型的故障， 以此 来训练学生的检测和排除短路类型故障的能力。 [0010] 本实用新型的有益效果是： 1. 能有效的限制短路电流， 从而可以有效避 免过大的短路电流使故障线路迅速升温着火或损坏，被限制的短路电流强度是由 本装置中的限流元件参数来决定。
[0011] 2. 在多组别同时进行电气训练时， 当某训练组别发生短路故障时， 该本 装置只切断出现短路故障组别的电源， 不会影响到其他组别的正常训练。
[0012] 3. 由于有效地限制了短路电流， 且能瞬时切断短路线路的电源， 因此可 以大胆人为地设置线路短路类型故障， 以此来加强对学生电气技术更为全面的训 练。
[0013] 4. 本电气线路短路电流限制及保护装置结构简单， 制造成本低， 安装方 便。
附图说明
[0014] 图 1是本实用新型的结构示意图。
[0015] 图 2是本实用新型应用于单相线路实施方式的结构示意图。
[0016] 图 3是本实用新型与保护报警保持电路组合应用的结构示意图。
[0017] 图 4是本实用新型应用于三相线路的第一实施方式的结构示意图。
[0018] 图 5是本实用新型应用于三相线路的第二实施方式的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
[0019] 下面结合附图和实施方式例对本实用新型进一步说明。
[0020] 如图 1所示，一种电气线路短路电流限制保护装置，包括限流保护单元 1， 其特征在于， 所述限流保护单元是由相互串接的限流元件 Z与断路器开关 QF1 组成。
[0021] 所述的限流保护单元 1中的断路器开关 QF1是断路器或熔断或 PTC 热敏 电阻中的任意一种。
[0022] 所述限流保护单元 1中的限流元件 Z是无铁芯的电感线圈结构或是大功 率低阻值电阻。
[0023] 当发生短路故障时， 由于限流元件 Z 的限流作用， 最大短路电流等于线 路电压除以限流元件的电抗值 （对于线圈就是感抗值）， 限流元件 Z有效地限制 了短路电流， 将位于限流保护单元前端的断路器开关 QF的瞬时动作电流值 （一 般为额定电流的 5-20倍） 选取得大于最大短路电流， 而限流保护单元中的断路 器开关 QF1 的瞬时动作电流值选则选取小于最大短路电流， 因此当发生短路故 障时， 只会使得限流保护单元中的断路器开关 QF1 及时断开， 不会引起限流保 护单元前端的断路器开关 QF跳闸。
[0024] 应用于单相线路实施方式： 当在一个电气训练室（车间）中有多个组别同 时进行电气技术训练时，可以在每个组别的电气线路的电源开关后的相线上各串 接一个限流保护单元， 如图 2所示， 由于限流元件 Z对短路电流强度进行有效限 制， 使得限制后的短路电流远小于电气训练室 （车间） 总断路器开关 QF的瞬时 动作电流值， 而大于限流保护单元中断路器开关的瞬时动作电流值， 因此， 当某 第 i训练组 （i为 l〜n中的任一组） 的线路发生短路故障时， 本装置能保证只会 使故障组别断路器开关 QFi瞬时动作， 切断故障组别 （第 i组） 的电源， 不会引 起电气训练室 （车间） 线路的总断路器开关 QF的保护性跳闸， 从而不会影响到 其他组别的正常训练， 这样， 就可以更放手地让学生进行电气操作的训练， 还可 以大胆的人为设置短路类型的故障， 以此来训练学生的检查和排除短路类型故障 的能力。
[0025] 与保护报警保持电路组合应用：本电气线路短路电流限制保护装置还可以 与保护报警保持电路组合应用， 如图 3所示， 所述限流保护单元 1上还可以连接 保护报警保持电路 2， 保护报警保持电路 2主要由发光元件 3、 报警元件 4和保 持用继电器 5组成。
[0026] 附图 4就是将电气线路短路电流限制及保护装置与保护报警保持电路组 合， 应用于三相线路第一实施方式的原理结构图。
[0027] 当三相线路中的某组别的某一相线路 （或某两相线路） 出现短路故障时， 由于本装置的作用， 不会引起线路总断路器开关 QF的跳闸， 只会使得出现故障 组别的故障相（单相或两相）的断路器开关瞬时断开， 同时，该组别的故障相（单 相或两相）线路给出声光报警， 依据哪个组别的哪条相线 （或哪两条相线） 的报 警显示， 教练或考核员可以非常容易而且准确的判定出究竟是哪个组别的哪相
(或哪两相） 发生了短路故障， 保证了短路故障判断的准确性。
[0028] 附图 5 是本电气线路短路电流限制及保护装置应用于三相线路第二实施 方式的原理结构图， 与应用于三相线路第一实施方式所不同的是， 在电气总线路 中共用了一组限流元件 Z,由于限流元件 Z需要通过所有组别的负载电流。因此， 限流元件 Z的耗散功率要远比按附图 4应用时的大。
[0029] 以上所述的具体实施方式例，仅为本实用新型较佳的实施例而已，举凡依 本实用新型申请专利范围所做的等同设计， 均应为本实用新型的技术所涵盖。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种电气线路短路电流限制及保护装置， 包括限流保护单元（1 )， 其特 征在于，所述限流保护单元是由相互串接的限流元件 Z与断路器开关 QF1组成。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的电气线路短路电流限制及保护装置， 其特征是， 所述的限流保护单元 （1 ) 中的断路器开关 QF1是断路器或熔断或 PTC热敏电 阻的任意一种。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的电气线路短路电流限制及保护装置， 其特征是， 所述限流保护单元 （1 ) 中的限流元件 Z是无铁芯的电感线圈结构或是大功率 低阻值电阻。
PCT/CN2012/075925 2011-07-11 2012-05-23 一种电气线路短路电流限制及保护装置 WO2013007134A1 (zh)

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CN202134903U (zh) * 2011-07-11 2012-02-01 韩亚兰 一种电气线路短路电流限制及保护装置
CN106129958A (zh) * 2016-08-15 2016-11-16 北海市深蓝科技发展有限责任公司 一种过流保护系统

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