WO2013000515A1 - Wind generator with two contrarotating turbine rotors - Google Patents

Wind generator with two contrarotating turbine rotors Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013000515A1
WO2013000515A1 PCT/EP2011/060971 EP2011060971W WO2013000515A1 WO 2013000515 A1 WO2013000515 A1 WO 2013000515A1 EP 2011060971 W EP2011060971 W EP 2011060971W WO 2013000515 A1 WO2013000515 A1 WO 2013000515A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
wind turbine
turbine according
generator
propellers
helix
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/060971
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Andre Wacinski
Original Assignee
Eotheme Sarl
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eotheme Sarl filed Critical Eotheme Sarl
Priority to PCT/EP2011/060971 priority Critical patent/WO2013000515A1/en
Publication of WO2013000515A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013000515A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D1/02—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor  having a plurality of rotors
    • F03D1/025—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor  having a plurality of rotors coaxially arranged
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/40—Transmission of power
    • F05B2260/403—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components
    • F05B2260/4031—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing
    • F05B2260/40311—Transmission of power through the shape of the drive components as in toothed gearing of the epicyclic, planetary or differential type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to driving an electric generator or other device requiring a power source from a wind turbine.
  • the opposite direction of rotation of the propellers is obtained by appropriate aerodynamic profiles.
  • the regulation of the number of revolutions of each helix can be done in a manner similar to the solutions known hitherto.
  • a first aspect of the invention concerns a wind turbine comprising a mast, two counter-rotating propellers, a three-axis epicyclic type multiplier with a multiplied output axis and connected to a rotor of an electric generator, each of the two other axes. said multiplier being connected to a helix, characterized in that the counter-rotating propellers are arranged on either side of the mast.
  • the invention is characterized by the presence of two counter-rotating propellers placed on both sides of the mast which drive a single generator whose axis of rotation is parallel to the axis of rotation of the propellers.
  • the wind turbine according to the invention makes it possible to increase the efficiency by moving the two propellers apart from each other, while keeping a compact multiplier.
  • the multiplied output axis is arranged around a portion of at least one of the other two axes.
  • the present invention provides a simple construction. Unlike the devices of the prior art, the stator is not mobile. This is a consequence of the particular arrangement of the multiplied output axis which surrounds at least one of the other two axes of the epicyclic multiplier.
  • the multiplied output axis comprises at least one guide bearing of at least one of the other two axes. This clever implementation further reduces the complexity of the wind turbine, and increases the compactness of the mechanism.
  • the multiplied output axis is an integral part of the rotor of the electric generator.
  • the multiplied output axis is the rotor. There is no connection between these two pieces, since they form only one.
  • the system is compact and more economical to achieve: the invention increases the number of functions on a single piece.
  • the generator is of radial magnetic flux type.
  • the generator is of axial magnetic flux type.
  • each helix may have a different diameter and a different number of blades from the other helix.
  • the wind turbine comprises a mechanical or electronic synchronization of the movement of the propellers.
  • a second aspect of the invention is a wind farm comprising at least one wind turbine according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • a first advantage is to provide a device for increasing the aerodynamic efficiency of a wind turbine. This translates into the possibility of extracting more energy from a land / sea area allocated for a wind farm.
  • Another advantage of the invention is to propose a solution where the increase in power passes through the addition of the relative rotational speed of the propellers and not by the increase in the torque traversing the kinematic chain related to the increase. the length of the blades. Since the mass and size of the multiplier are determined by the transmittable torque and the number of stages of multiplication for the given power, the size of the multiplier can be considerably reduced.
  • the next advantage is to maintain at a similar level the mechanical reaction of the drive system on the mast despite the increase in power. This is because the reaction in the wind direction increases, but the reaction due to the torque generated by one helix and taken up by the other helix and the system remains in equilibrium in the plane perpendicular to the wind direction.
  • the added benefit is that the braking of two propellers is done so that the braking torque from a propeller is compensated by the torque of the other - hence a low effort on the frame of the nacelle compared to the solution to a propeller.
  • multiplier rotates around its own central axis thus promoting a heat exchange with the ambient air, hence the possibility of greatly reducing or even eliminate the cooling system.
  • FIG. 1 shows a general view of the wind turbine built according to this patent
  • FIG. 2 shows the section passing through the main shaft of a configuration with an epicyclic multiplier placed inside a rotor of a RFPM generator (Radial Flux Permanent Magnet);
  • FIG. 3 shows the section passing through the main shaft of a configuration with an epicyclic multiplier placed in a rotor of an AFIPM generator (Axial Flux Interior Permanent Magnet).
  • Fig.1 shows the preferred arrangement according to this patent: the two propellers 10 and 1 1 which have a different diameter, turn in opposite directions. They are placed on two sides of the tubular mast 9. The generator is located inside the pod 8.
  • the first propeller 10 is supported by the shaft 12. Said shaft is guided by the bearings (bearings) 22 and 23.
  • the other propeller (1 1) is supported by the shaft 13 which at its turn is guided by the bearings (bearings) 14 and 16.
  • the bearings 16 and 23 are integral with the rotating housing 24 which, in turn, fills the inner part of the rotor 25.
  • the housing 24 is driven by the sun gear 26 of the planetary gear. Its rotation is determined by the movement of the satellites 27 and the ring 28.
  • the satellite gate 17 is kinematically connected to the helix 10 and the ring 28 to the second helix (11). The ring 28 and the satellite gate 17 rotate in the opposite direction.
  • the rotor with its magnets 29 is guided by the bearings (bearings) 21 and the stator 20 is fixed on the structure of the nacelle 8.
  • the coupling 30 is provided to allow the transmission of the power and the positioning between the rotating housing 24 and the rotor 25.
  • the system has the same technical characteristics.
  • the main difference is to replace the radial flow generator (RFPM) with a generator that is axial flow (AFIPM).
  • RFPM radial flow generator
  • AFIPM axial flow
  • the propellers are connected respectively to the ring 28 and the satellite port 17 of the multiplier.
  • the magnets 29 are fixed on the vertical part of both sides of the multiplier housing.
  • the two stators 20 are fixed on the supports connected to the nacelle 8.
  • the rotational speed of the rotor of the generator will be proportional to the sum of the speeds of each propeller, ie: ⁇ 19 ⁇
  • M-I2 is the torque coming from the propeller 10 acting on the shaft 12
  • M-I3 is the torque coming from the propeller 1 1 acting on the shaft 13
  • M 2 5 is the torque of the sun gear which drives the rotor 25.
  • the number of blades in each helix is different and the diameter of each is different.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

Wind generator comprising a mast (9), two contrarotating turbine rotors (10, 11), step-up gearing of the epicyclic type having three shafts with a stepped-up output shaft (26) connected to a rotor (25) of an electric generator, each of the other two shafts (12, 13) of said step-up gearbox being connected to a turbine rotor (10, 11), characterized in that the contrarotating turbine rotors (10, 11) are positioned one on either side of the mast (9).

Description

EOLI E N N E A D E UX H E LI C ES CONTRAROTATI VES  EOLI E N N E A D E U X H E CONTRAROTIZED LI C ES
La présente invention concerne l'entraînement d'une génératrice électrique ou d'un autre dispositif nécessitant une source d'énergie provenant d'une éolienne. The present invention relates to driving an electric generator or other device requiring a power source from a wind turbine.
Le sens de rotation opposé des hélices est obtenu par des profils aérodynamiques appropriés. La régulation du nombre de tours de chaque hélice peut se faire de façon similaire aux solutions connues jusqu'à présent.  The opposite direction of rotation of the propellers is obtained by appropriate aerodynamic profiles. The regulation of the number of revolutions of each helix can be done in a manner similar to the solutions known hitherto.
Selon la pratique courante, les éoliennes commercialisées actuellement possèdent une seule hélice. Théoriquement, le rendement aérodynamique de l'entraînement par une hélice ne peut pas dépasser 59.6% (selon Betz, 1926). Dans la pratique, ce résultat est encore plus faible (env. 45%-50% dans les meilleures conditions). Le rendement maximal ne concerne que la vitesse du vent optimale du point de vue du nombre de pales et de leur d'aérodynamique. Le rapport de vitesse du sommet de la pale et celle du vent se situe dans ce cas-là pour un rotor tripal autour de 6- 7. Une solution avantageuse pour augmenter le rendement maximal et augmenter la plage des rendements optimums d'une éolienne consiste à concevoir un système à deux hélices contrarotatives. Du fait d'un certain éloignement de deux hélices, le rendement total d'un tel dispositif est supérieur à la limite de Betz qui, à la base s'applique à une surface perpendiculaire à la direction du vent relative à une seule hélice.  According to current practice, currently marketed wind turbines have a single propeller. Theoretically, the aerodynamic efficiency of the drive by a propeller can not exceed 59.6% (according to Betz, 1926). In practice, this result is even lower (about 45% -50% under the best conditions). The maximum efficiency concerns only the optimal wind speed from the point of view of the number of blades and their aerodynamics. The speed ratio of the top of the blade and that of the wind is in this case for a three-bladed rotor around 6-7. An advantageous solution for increasing the maximum efficiency and increasing the optimum yield range of a wind turbine consists of to design a system with two counter-rotating propellers. Because of a certain distance from two propellers, the total efficiency of such a device is greater than the Betz limit which, at the base, applies to a surface perpendicular to the direction of the wind relative to a single helix.
Plusieurs documents présentent déjà des méthodes ou des systèmes d'entraînement à deux hélices. Un des plus anciens, proposé par Schônball (US Patent 3,974,396), décrit un dispositif ou une hélice entraînant un rotor avec une autre hélice entraînant le stator d'une génératrice. D'autre part, il prévoit une possibilité de combinaison des stators et des rotors pour pouvoir régler l'excitation électrique de la génératrice et influencer en même temps la vitesse de rotation des hélices. En ce qui concerne la chaîne cinématique, ledit brevet prévoit une liaison mécanique entre deux hélices. Several documents already present two-propeller methods or drive systems. One of the oldest, proposed by Schonball (US Pat. No. 3,974,396), describes a device or a propeller driving a rotor with another propeller driving the stator of a generator. On the other hand, it provides a possibility of combining stators and rotors to be able to regulate the electrical excitation of the generator and influence at the same time the rotational speed of the propellers. As regards the driveline, said patent provides a mechanical connection between two propellers.
Un autre brevet connu, US patent 5,506,453 de McCombs, décrit un arrangement avec deux hélices, entraînant directement le rotor et le stator d'une génératrice. La régulation du nombre de tours d'ensemble peut se faire par un mécanisme agissant sur l'inclinaison des pales ou un autre dispositif.  Another known patent, US patent 5,506,453 to McCombs, describes an arrangement with two propellers, directly driving the rotor and the stator of a generator. The regulation of the number of overall turns can be done by a mechanism acting on the inclination of the blades or another device.
Les deux brevets d'Appa, US Patent 6,127,739 et 6,278,197, sont basés sur un principe similaire par rapport au brevet de McCombs en ce qui concerne l'entraînement de la génératrice. La différence par rapport aux brevets précédents se situe dans la construction des pales : celles-ci possèdent des canaux longitudinaux permettant le passage de l'air qui est aspiré au centre de rotation et éjecté à l'extrémité des pales par la force centrifuge. La direction de la sortie de l'air est tangentielle à la circonférence décrite par les extrémités des pales. Ceci a été prévu pour augmenter le rendement aérodynamique de l'hélice.  Appa's two patents, US Pat. No. 6,127,739 and 6,278,197, are based on a similar principle with respect to the McCombs patent with respect to the drive of the generator. The difference from the previous patents lies in the construction of the blades: they have longitudinal channels allowing the passage of air which is sucked to the center of rotation and ejected at the end of the blades by the centrifugal force. The direction of the air outlet is tangential to the circumference described by the ends of the blades. This has been planned to increase the aerodynamic efficiency of the propeller.
Le brevet de Shin US Patent 5,222,924 prévoit les deux hélices de taille différente placées des deux cotés du mât. À la différence de notre invention, la génératrice est placée verticalement et la liaison cinématique entre deux hélices possède un rapport de transmission fixe. Par conséquent, il n'est pas possible de régler séparément la vitesse de rotation de chaque hélice et le mécanisme décrit est complexe. Ceci entrave la possibilité de trouver un point de fonctionnement optimal de l'éolienne.  The patent of Shin US Pat. No. 5,222,924 provides for the two propellers of different size placed on both sides of the mast. Unlike our invention, the generator is placed vertically and the kinematic connection between two propellers has a fixed transmission ratio. Therefore, it is not possible to separately adjust the rotational speed of each helix and the described mechanism is complex. This hampers the possibility of finding an optimal operating point of the wind turbine.
Le brevet de Debleser US Patent: 6,504,260 prévoit une configuration à double hélice contrarotative qui entraîne de façon directe deux génératrices séparées sans aucune liaison cinématique entre elles.  The patent of Debleser US Pat. No. 6,504,260 provides a counter-rotating double helix configuration which directly drives two separate generators without any kinematic linkage between them.
Le brevet de Wacinski US Patent: 7,384,239 décrit une configuration à une double hélice contrarotative qui se caractérise par un emplacement de deux hélices de même côté du mât qui entraînent une seul génératrice. Cette configuration entraîne un faible rendement aérodynamique du système. Un but de la présente invention est de répondre aux inconvénients des documents de l'art antérieur mentionnés ci-dessus et en particulier, tout d'abord, de proposer une éolienne à deux hélices contrarotatives qui présente un bon rendement et une construction simple. The patent of Wacinski US Pat. No. 7,384,239 describes a configuration with a counter-rotating double helix which is characterized by a location of two propellers on the same side of the mast which drive a single generator. This configuration results in a low aerodynamic efficiency of the system. An object of the present invention is to meet the disadvantages of the documents of the prior art mentioned above and in particular, first of all, to propose a wind turbine with two counter-rotating propellers which has a good yield and a simple construction.
Pour cela un premier aspect de l'invention concerne une éolienne comprenant un mât, deux hélices contrarotatives, un multiplicateur de type épicycloïdal à trois axes avec un axe de sortie multiplié et relié à un rotor d'une génératrice électrique, chacun des deux autres axes dudit multiplicateur étant connectés à une hélice, caractérisée en ce que les hélices contrarotatives sont agencées de part et d'autre du mât. L'invention se caractérise par la présence de deux hélices contrarotatives placées des deux cotées du mât qui entraînent une seule génératrice dont l'axe de rotation est parallèle à l'axe de rotation des hélices. L'éolienne selon l'invention permet d'augmenter le rendement en éloignant les deux hélices l'une de l'autre, tout en conservant un multiplicateur compact.  For this purpose, a first aspect of the invention concerns a wind turbine comprising a mast, two counter-rotating propellers, a three-axis epicyclic type multiplier with a multiplied output axis and connected to a rotor of an electric generator, each of the two other axes. said multiplier being connected to a helix, characterized in that the counter-rotating propellers are arranged on either side of the mast. The invention is characterized by the presence of two counter-rotating propellers placed on both sides of the mast which drive a single generator whose axis of rotation is parallel to the axis of rotation of the propellers. The wind turbine according to the invention makes it possible to increase the efficiency by moving the two propellers apart from each other, while keeping a compact multiplier.
De manière avantageuse, l'axe de sortie multiplié est agencé autour d'une partie d'au moins un des deux autres axes. La présente invention assure une construction simple. A la différence des dispositifs de l'art antérieur, le stator n'est pas mobile. Ceci est la conséquence de l'agencement particulier de l'axe de sortie multiplié qui entoure au moins un des deux autres axes du multiplicateur épicycloïdal.  Advantageously, the multiplied output axis is arranged around a portion of at least one of the other two axes. The present invention provides a simple construction. Unlike the devices of the prior art, the stator is not mobile. This is a consequence of the particular arrangement of the multiplied output axis which surrounds at least one of the other two axes of the epicyclic multiplier.
Avantageusement, l'axe de sortie multiplié comporte au moins un palier de guidage d'au moins un des deux autres axes. Cette mise en œuvre astucieuse réduit encore la complexité de l'éolienne, et augmente la compacité du mécanisme.  Advantageously, the multiplied output axis comprises at least one guide bearing of at least one of the other two axes. This clever implementation further reduces the complexity of the wind turbine, and increases the compactness of the mechanism.
Avantageusement, l'axe de sortie multiplié fait partie intégrante du rotor de la génératrice électrique. En d'autres termes, l'axe de sortie multiplié est le rotor. Il n'y a plus de liaison entre ces deux pièces, puisqu'elles n'en forment qu'une seule. Le système est compact et plus économique à réaliser : l'invention augmente le nombre de fonctions sur une seule pièce. Avantageusement, la génératrice est de type à flux magnétique radial.Advantageously, the multiplied output axis is an integral part of the rotor of the electric generator. In other words, the multiplied output axis is the rotor. There is no connection between these two pieces, since they form only one. The system is compact and more economical to achieve: the invention increases the number of functions on a single piece. Advantageously, the generator is of radial magnetic flux type.
En alternative de ce premier mode de réalisation, la génératrice est de type à flux magnétique axial. As an alternative to this first embodiment, the generator is of axial magnetic flux type.
Avantageusement, chaque hélice peut avoir un diamètre et un nombre de pâles différents de l'autre hélice.  Advantageously, each helix may have a different diameter and a different number of blades from the other helix.
Avantageusement, l'éolienne comporte une synchronisation mécanique ou électronique du mouvement des hélices.  Advantageously, the wind turbine comprises a mechanical or electronic synchronization of the movement of the propellers.
Un second aspect de l'invention est une ferme éolienne comportant au moins une éolienne selon le premier aspect de l'invention.  A second aspect of the invention is a wind farm comprising at least one wind turbine according to the first aspect of the invention.
Un premier avantage est de proposer un dispositif permettant d'augmenter le rendement aérodynamique d'une éolienne. Ceci se traduit par la possibilité d'extraire plus d'énergie d'une surface de terre/mer allouée pour une ferme éolienne.  A first advantage is to provide a device for increasing the aerodynamic efficiency of a wind turbine. This translates into the possibility of extracting more energy from a land / sea area allocated for a wind farm.
Un autre avantage de l'invention est de proposer une solution où l'augmentation de la puissance passe par l'adition de la vitesse relative de rotation des hélices et non pas par l'augmentation du couple traversant la chaîne cinématique lié à l'augmentation de la longueur des pales. Étant donné que la masse et la taille du multiplicateur sont déterminées par le couple transmissible et le nombre d'étages de multiplication pour la puissance donnée, la taille du multiplicateur peut être considérablement diminuée.  Another advantage of the invention is to propose a solution where the increase in power passes through the addition of the relative rotational speed of the propellers and not by the increase in the torque traversing the kinematic chain related to the increase. the length of the blades. Since the mass and size of the multiplier are determined by the transmittable torque and the number of stages of multiplication for the given power, the size of the multiplier can be considerably reduced.
L'avantage suivant consiste à maintenir à un niveau similaire la réaction mécanique du système d'entraînement sur le mât malgré l'augmentation de la puissance. Ceci vient du fait que la réaction dans la direction du vent augmente, mais que la réaction due au couple engendré par une hélice et reprise par l'autre hélice et le système reste en quasi- équilibre dans le plan perpendiculaire à la direction du vent.  The next advantage is to maintain at a similar level the mechanical reaction of the drive system on the mast despite the increase in power. This is because the reaction in the wind direction increases, but the reaction due to the torque generated by one helix and taken up by the other helix and the system remains in equilibrium in the plane perpendicular to the wind direction.
L'avantage supplémentaire consiste en ce que le freinage de deux hélices est fait de sorte que le couple de freinage provenant d'une hélice est compensé par le couple de l'autre - d'où un faible effort sur le châssis de la nacelle par rapport à la solution à une hélice. The added benefit is that the braking of two propellers is done so that the braking torque from a propeller is compensated by the torque of the other - hence a low effort on the frame of the nacelle compared to the solution to a propeller.
Un avantage supplémentaire consiste en ce que le multiplicateur tourne autour de son propre axe central favorisant ainsi un échange thermique avec l'air ambiant, d'où la possibilité de diminuer fortement voire supprimer le système de refroidissement.  An additional advantage is that the multiplier rotates around its own central axis thus promoting a heat exchange with the ambient air, hence the possibility of greatly reducing or even eliminate the cooling system.
D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de la présente invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description détaillée qui suit de modes de réalisation de l'invention donnés à titre d'exemples nullement limitatifs et illustrés par les dessins annexés, dans lesquels :  Other features and advantages of the present invention will appear more clearly on reading the following detailed description of embodiments of the invention given as non-limiting examples and illustrated by the appended drawings, in which:
- la Figure 1 montre une vue générale de l'éolienne construite selon le présent brevet ;  - Figure 1 shows a general view of the wind turbine built according to this patent;
- la figure 2 montre la section passant par l'arbre principal d'une configuration avec un multiplicateur épicycloïdal placé à l'intérieur d'un rotor d'une génératrice de type RFPM (Radial Flux Permanent Magnet) ;  FIG. 2 shows the section passing through the main shaft of a configuration with an epicyclic multiplier placed inside a rotor of a RFPM generator (Radial Flux Permanent Magnet);
- la figure 3 montre la section passant par l'arbre principal d'une configuration avec un multiplicateur épicycloïdal placé dans un rotor d'une génératrice de type AFIPM (Axial Flux Interior Permanent Magnet).  FIG. 3 shows the section passing through the main shaft of a configuration with an epicyclic multiplier placed in a rotor of an AFIPM generator (Axial Flux Interior Permanent Magnet).
La Fig.1 montre l'arrangement préférentiel selon le présent brevet : les deux hélices 10 et 1 1 qui possèdent un diamètre différant, tournent en sens contraire. Elles sont placées de deux côtés du mât tubulaire 9. La génératrice se trouve à l'intérieur de la nacelle 8. Fig.1 shows the preferred arrangement according to this patent: the two propellers 10 and 1 1 which have a different diameter, turn in opposite directions. They are placed on two sides of the tubular mast 9. The generator is located inside the pod 8.
Conformément à la Fig.2, la première hélice 10 est supportée par l'arbre 12. Ledit arbre est guidé par les roulements (paliers) 22 et 23. L'autre hélice (1 1 ) est supportée par l'arbre 13 qui à son tour est guidé par les roulements (paliers) 14 et 16. Les paliers 16 et 23 sont solidaires au carter tournant 24 qui, à son tour, remplit la partie interne du rotor 25. Le carter 24 est entraîné par la roue solaire 26 de l'engrenage planétaire. Sa rotation est déterminée par le mouvement des satellites 27 et la couronne 28. Le porte satellite 17 est cinématiquement lié à l'hélice 10 et la couronne 28 à la deuxième hélice (1 1 ). La couronne 28 et le porte satellite 17 tournent dans le sens opposé. Selon la configuration préférentielle, le rotor avec ses aimants 29 est guidé par les roulements (paliers) 21 et le stator 20 est fixé sur la structure de la nacelle 8. L'accouplement 30 est prévu pour permettre la transmission de la puissance et le positionnement adéquat entre le carter tournant 24 et le rotor 25. According to Fig.2, the first propeller 10 is supported by the shaft 12. Said shaft is guided by the bearings (bearings) 22 and 23. The other propeller (1 1) is supported by the shaft 13 which at its turn is guided by the bearings (bearings) 14 and 16. The bearings 16 and 23 are integral with the rotating housing 24 which, in turn, fills the inner part of the rotor 25. The housing 24 is driven by the sun gear 26 of the planetary gear. Its rotation is determined by the movement of the satellites 27 and the ring 28. The satellite gate 17 is kinematically connected to the helix 10 and the ring 28 to the second helix (11). The ring 28 and the satellite gate 17 rotate in the opposite direction. According to the preferred configuration, the rotor with its magnets 29 is guided by the bearings (bearings) 21 and the stator 20 is fixed on the structure of the nacelle 8. The coupling 30 is provided to allow the transmission of the power and the positioning between the rotating housing 24 and the rotor 25.
Selon l'autre variante telle que montré sur la Fig.3 le système possède les mêmes caractéristiques techniques. La différence principale consiste à remplacer la génératrice à flux radial (RFPM) par une génératrice qui est à flux axial (AFIPM). Comme dans le premier système, les hélices sont connectées respectivement à la couronne 28 et au port satellite 17 du multiplicateur. Les aimants 29 sont fixés sur la partie verticale des deux côtés du carter du multiplicateur. Les deux stators 20 sont fixés sur les supports liés à la nacelle 8.  According to the other variant as shown in Fig.3 the system has the same technical characteristics. The main difference is to replace the radial flow generator (RFPM) with a generator that is axial flow (AFIPM). As in the first system, the propellers are connected respectively to the ring 28 and the satellite port 17 of the multiplier. The magnets 29 are fixed on the vertical part of both sides of the multiplier housing. The two stators 20 are fixed on the supports connected to the nacelle 8.
Selon les configurations proposées, la vitesse de rotation du rotor de la génératrice sera proportionnelle à la somme des vitesses de chaque hélice, soit : ω19 ~ |ω10|+|ω1 1 |  According to the proposed configurations, the rotational speed of the rotor of the generator will be proportional to the sum of the speeds of each propeller, ie: ω19 ~ | ω10 | + | ω1 1 |
Dès lors, les trois couples de rotation sont liés par la relation suivante :
Figure imgf000007_0001
Therefore, the three rotational pairs are linked by the following relation:
Figure imgf000007_0001
Où respectivement :  Where respectively:
M-I2 est le couple provenant de l'hélice 10 agissant sur l'arbre 12 M-I3 est le couple provenant de l'hélice 1 1 agissant sur l'arbre 13 M-I2 is the torque coming from the propeller 10 acting on the shaft 12 M-I3 is the torque coming from the propeller 1 1 acting on the shaft 13
M25 est le couple de la roue solaire qui entraîne le rotor 25. M 2 5 is the torque of the sun gear which drives the rotor 25.
On peut en déduire que les couples M12 et M13 ne sont pas égaux et, par exemple, la différence pour la multiplication i=10 est d'ordre de 10%. Selon l'autre variante, le nombre de pales dans chaque hélice est différent et le diamètre de chacune est différent. It can be deduced that the pairs M12 and M13 are not equal and, for example, the difference for the multiplication i = 10 is of the order of 10%. According to the other variant, the number of blades in each helix is different and the diameter of each is different.
En cas de nécessité, les hélices sont arrêtées par des freins 18 et 19. On comprendra que diverses modifications et/ou améliorations évidentes pour l'homme du métier peuvent être apportées aux différents modes de réalisation de l'invention décrits dans la présente description sans sortir du cadre de l'invention défini par les revendications annexées.  If necessary, the propellers are stopped by brakes 18 and 19. It will be understood that various modifications and / or improvements obvious to those skilled in the art can be made to the various embodiments of the invention described in the present description without depart from the scope of the invention defined by the appended claims.

Claims

R EVE N D I CATI ON S R EVE NDI CATI ON S
1 . Eolienne comprenant un mât (9), deux hélices contrarotatives (10, 1 1 ), un multiplicateur de type épicycloïdal à trois axes avec un axe de sortie multiplié (26) et relié à un rotor (25) d'une génératrice électrique, chacun des deux autres axes (12, 13) dudit multiplicateur étant connectés à une hélice (10, 1 1 ), caractérisée en ce que les hélices contrarotatives (10, 1 1 ) sont agencées de part et d'autre du mât (9). 1. A wind turbine comprising a mast (9), two counter-rotating propellers (10, 1 1), a three-axis epicyclic type multiplier with a multiplied output axis (26) and connected to a rotor (25) of an electric generator, each the other two axes (12, 13) of said multiplier being connected to a helix (10, 1 1), characterized in that the counter-rotating propellers (10, 1 1) are arranged on either side of the mast (9).
2. Eolienne selon la revendication 1 caractérisée en ce que l'axe de sortie multiplié (26) est agencé autour d'une partie d'au moins un des deux autres axes (12, 13).  2. Wind turbine according to claim 1 characterized in that the multiplied output axis (26) is arranged around a portion of at least one of the other two axes (12, 13).
3. Eolienne selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'axe de sortie multiplié (26) comporte au moins un palier de guidage (23, 16) d'au moins un des deux autres axes (12, 13).  Wind turbine according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the multiplied output axis (26) comprises at least one guide bearing (23, 16) of at least one of the two other axes (12, 13).
4. Eolienne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce que l'axe de sortie multiplié (26) fait partie intégrante du rotor (25) de la génératrice électrique.  Wind turbine according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the multiplied output axis (26) is an integral part of the rotor (25) of the electric generator.
5. Eolienne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la génératrice est de type à flux magnétique radial.  5. Wind turbine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the generator is of radial magnetic flux type.
6. Eolienne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisée en ce que la génératrice est de type à flux magnétique axial.  6. Wind turbine according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the generator is of axial magnetic flux type.
7. Eolienne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisée en ce que chaque hélice (10, 1 1 ) peut avoir un diamètre et un nombre de pâles différents de l'autre hélice (10, 1 1 ).  7. Wind turbine according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that each helix (10, 1 1) may have a different diameter and a number of pale from the other helix (10, 1 1).
8. Eolienne selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte une synchronisation mécanique ou électronique du mouvement des hélices (10, 1 1 ). 8. Wind turbine according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that it comprises a mechanical or electronic synchronization of the movement of the propellers (10, 1 1).
9. Ferme éolienne comportant au moins une éolienne selon l'u des revendications 1 à 8 9. Wind farm comprising at least one wind turbine according to claims 1 to 8
PCT/EP2011/060971 2011-06-29 2011-06-29 Wind generator with two contrarotating turbine rotors WO2013000515A1 (en)

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