WO2012175381A1 - Accélérateur de particules, ensemble d'accélérateur et procédé d'accélération de particules chargées - Google Patents

Accélérateur de particules, ensemble d'accélérateur et procédé d'accélération de particules chargées Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012175381A1
WO2012175381A1 PCT/EP2012/061178 EP2012061178W WO2012175381A1 WO 2012175381 A1 WO2012175381 A1 WO 2012175381A1 EP 2012061178 W EP2012061178 W EP 2012061178W WO 2012175381 A1 WO2012175381 A1 WO 2012175381A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cavity
particle
helical
accelerator
circularly polarized
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/061178
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Oliver Heid
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to PL12728062T priority Critical patent/PL2745654T3/pl
Priority to EP12728062.6A priority patent/EP2745654B1/fr
Publication of WO2012175381A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012175381A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
    • H05H7/14—Vacuum chambers
    • H05H7/18—Cavities; Resonators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
    • H05H7/22—Details of linear accelerators, e.g. drift tubes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
    • H05H7/12—Arrangements for varying final energy of beam
    • H05H2007/122—Arrangements for varying final energy of beam by electromagnetic means, e.g. RF cavities
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
    • H05H7/22—Details of linear accelerators, e.g. drift tubes
    • H05H2007/227—Details of linear accelerators, e.g. drift tubes power coupling, e.g. coupling loops

Definitions

  • Particle accelerator Particle accelerator, accelerator assembly and method of accelerating charged particles
  • the invention relates to a particle accelerator for accelerating charged particles by means of high-frequency fields. Furthermore, the invention relates to an accelerator arrangement with such a particle accelerator and a method for accelerating electrically charged particles.
  • Particle accelerators powered by high frequency electromagnetic fields are used to accelerate a charged particle beam.
  • an electric field suitable for acceleration is available only at a specific , relatively short phase during an HF full-wave, so that typically a modulation (bunching) of the particle beam, ie a density modulation, is necessary.
  • the bunching of the particle beam carried out in advance of the actual acceleration by means of RFQ pre-accelerator presents a difficult technical problem.
  • the increased space charge density also limits the maximum possible particle flow.
  • a forced pulsed structure of the accelerated particle beam may not be desirable at all.
  • a particle accelerator for accelerating a charged particle beam helical, which each move at a predetermined speed in a predetermined degree ⁇ linig by an axis acceleration direction is provided.
  • the particle accelerator includes fully doing a circular cylindrical RF cavity with an annular entrance slit and the entrance slit ge ⁇ genionat lying annular outlet gap for the helix-shaped particle.
  • the particle accelerator comprises an HF generator device for generating a circularly polarized electromagnetic wave with an electric field (161) directed in the acceleration direction and rotating synchronously with the entry point of the helical particle beam into the RF cavity about the axis within the HF frequency. Cavity. Since the azimuthal position of the particle beam entering the RF cavity via the annular inlet gap moves synchronously with the rotating electric field in the particle accelerator according to the invention, each particle entering the HF cavity is positive over the entire duration of flight through the cavity directed in the direction of acceleration, exposed to electric field. Therefore, using the inventive part ⁇ chenbeschreibers an acceleration of the particle beam without prior density modulation is possible. Thus, the otherwise necessary devices for beam bundling can be dispensed with. By using a continuous particle beam the space charge density is further minimized within the particle beam, whereby particularly high beam current densities ⁇ or Operachenstrom participatn are possible.
  • the HF generator device is designed to generate a circularly polarized TM10O wave within the RF cavity.
  • This resonance mode has a pure E z field which is accessible to the helical particle beam through the annular entrance slit within the front wall of the RF cavity.
  • Synchronous beam rotation with the circulating TMllO wave produces a very effective continuous Acceleration of the particles achieved because the rotating about the axis field strength maximum of the E z field in the resonator at any time at a precisely predetermined location, so that it optimally used ⁇ acceleration effective with suitably controlled injection of the particle in the field strength maximum can be.
  • the particle accelerator comprises a first RF cavity with a first RF generator device and a second RF cavity connected downstream of the first RF cavity with a second RF generator device , wherein the two RF cavities a metallic partition with an annular passage gap are separated from each other.
  • the second RF generator device is configured to generate within the second RF cavity, a second circularly polarized electromagnetic ⁇ specific wave, which generated a phase delay of a maximum of 180 ° with respect to a first of the RF generator means within the first RF cavity first circularly polarized electromagnetic wave.
  • the acceleration effect of the particle accelerator can be increased.
  • the phase shift of the circularly polarized wave within the respective downstream HS-cavity can be ensured that the changing from the first to the second RF cavity particles always feel a positi ve ⁇ half-wave of the electric field.
  • a further embodiment provides that the second RF is formed generator means to generate the second circular po ⁇ lararrae electromagnetic wave having a Phasenverzöge ⁇ tion in the range of 90 ° to 120 ° to the generated by the first generator means first circularly polarized electromagnetic wave ,
  • the second RF is formed generator means to generate the second circular po ⁇ lararrae electromagnetic wave having a Phasenverzöge ⁇ tion in the range of 90 ° to 120 ° to the generated by the first generator means first circularly polarized electromagnetic wave ,
  • a further embodiment provides that the annular entrance slit and the annular outlet gap of an RF cavity each have a radius which substantially corresponds to the distance of a field strength maximum of the rotating within the jewei ⁇ time RF cavity around the axis of the electric field from the axis. This ensures that the charged particles are always fed into a region of the RF cavity by a particularly high electric field prevails. Hereby a very effective Accelerati ⁇ supply of the particles can be achieved, the electric field strength maximum are fed into the RF cavity.
  • the radii of the annular column of an RF cavity substantially equal to 0.48 times the inner radius of the respective circular cylindrical RF cavity.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the HF cavity according to the invention
  • 3 is a front view of the RF cavity according to the invention; 4 shows the electric field within the Hf cavity;
  • Fig. 5 shows the distribution of the field strength maxima of the electric
  • Fig. 6 shows the distribution of the field strength maxima of the electric
  • FIG. 8 shows a particle accelerator according to the invention with a total of five accelerator cells connected in series
  • FIG. 9 shows a modification of the particle accelerator according to the invention from FIG. 8 for improving the efficiency of the particle accelerator
  • the particle accelerator according to the invention 100 for Accelerat ⁇ Nigen a helical beam 150 of charged particles 151, which move linearly along a predetermined axis 101, comprises at least one accelerator cell 130.
  • Such accelerator cell 130 includes doing a serving circular cylindrical RF cavity 110 raumresonator as hollow and an associated generator device 120 for generating a circularly polarized RF wave within the RF cavity 110.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a particle accelerator 100 consisting of a single accelerator cell 130, the associated generator device 120 not being shown here for reasons of clarity is.
  • the coaxial with the axis 101 arranged cylindrical RF cavity 110 includes a circular front wall 112th with an entrance slit 113 for the helical particle beam 150 arranged coaxially with the axis 101 and a circular rear wall 114 opposite the front wall with an annular exit slit 115 for the helical particle beam 150, likewise coaxial to the axis 101. Due to the perspective illustration, the rear wall 114 and the exit slit 115 in Figure 1 is not visible ⁇ bar.
  • the rotationally symmetrical to the axis 101 arranged RF cavity 110 is a cavity resonator in which forms a high-frequency electromagnetic ⁇ tical wave with appropriate excitation.
  • an orthogonal coordinate system is shown in FIG. 1, which is also used in the following figures. In this case, the Z axis of the coordinate system is predetermined by the axis 101 of the particle accelerator 100.
  • a circularly polarized electromagnetic wave 160 with an electric field (E z field) 161 oriented in the Z direction is generated within the RF cavity 110.
  • the electric field 161 is rotated while within the RF cavity 110 having a predetermined frequency and phase position about the axis 101.
  • the Rotationsfre acid sequence of the E z; field is in this case by the resonance frequency COR of the formed within the RF cavity 110 circularly pola- linearized electromagnetic wave 160 determined.
  • the helical particle beam 150 is fed via the annular entrance slit 113 into the RF cavity 110, the azimuthal phase position of the particle beam 150 being modulated by modulating its azi ⁇ mutal angle ⁇ ⁇ (see FIG. adapted so that ent ⁇ long the entrance slit 113 migratory entry point 156 of the helical particle beam 150 in the RF cavity 110 of the positive half-wave of the rotating E z field by a maximum of 90 ° leads.
  • each entering through the entrance slit 113 in the RF cavity 110 elec tric ⁇ charged particles 151 of particle 150 is always one more than the total flight time through the RF cavity 110 in loading acceleration direction Z oriented part 162 of the oscillating electric E z field 161 is exposed. This prevents the particles 151 from being decelerated by the negative half-wave 164 of the electric field.
  • the optimum phase angle of the helical particle beam 150 may vary depending on the application.
  • the particle beam 150 is injected at the entry point 156 into the RF cavity 110, just before the maximum field strength 163 reaches the azimuthal position ⁇ ⁇ the entry point 156, and the particles from the RF cavity 110 shortly after the field strength ⁇ maximum 163 azimuthal position ⁇ ⁇ has passed the point of entry 156, so only a relatively small part of the posi ⁇ tive half-wave 162 is used for acceleration. However, if the particle beam 150 is injected into the RF cavity 110 with a phase shift of 90 ° with respect to the field strength maximum 163 and the RF cavity 110 leaves only after half a period, the entire positive half cycle 162 of the E z field 161 becomes Acceleration of General ⁇ chen 151 used.
  • the particle beam 150 fed into the HF cavity 110 is a helically fanned-out particle beam in which the particles each move at a predetermined velocity vi in the Z-direction along the axis 101.
  • the generation of such a helical particle beam 150 can take place by means of any suitable method.
  • the helical portion ⁇ chenstrahl 150 can be generated from a continuous linear particle beam 152 by corresponding electrical or magnetic deflection.
  • the particles ⁇ beam 152 initially directed from the axis 101 and subsequently ⁇ walked using a second Ablenkelektrodencrues again be deflected in an offset parallel to the axis 101 of the web.
  • a corresponding rotation of the azimuthal angle during Ablenkvorgangs from the axis 101 of the particles 150 may be fanned beam ⁇ helically in a simple manner become.
  • the particle beam 150 retains the helical or spiral shape even after leaving the HF cavity through the annular outlet gap.
  • the emerging from the RF cavity 100 particle beam 150 is significantlystilgezo ⁇ gene due to the higher Ge ⁇ speed 2 of the particles 151st
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view of the circular-cylindrical RF cavity 110 along the YZ plane.
  • the preferably metallic housing of the RF cavity 110 comprises a circular-cylindrical front wall 112 and a rear wall 114 lying opposite this mirror-image.
  • an annular gap 113 is formed within the front wall 112.
  • the annular gap 113 arranged coaxially with the axis 101 forms an inlet opening for the helical particle jet 150 into the interior of the RF cavity 110.
  • An annular gap 115 located within the rear wall 114 opposite the entrance slit 113 forms the exit opening for the helical particle jet 150 from FIG RF cavity 110.
  • the off ⁇ takes gap 115 is arranged coaxially to the axis of the 110th
  • a front view of the RF cavity 110 is open shows ⁇ in FIG. 3
  • the formed in the front wall 112 ring ⁇ shaped entrance gap 113 is shown with a radius r2.
  • the radius r2 is chosen so that the charged Mol ⁇ chen the helical particle beam preferably at the location of the maximum electric field in the RF cavity 110 are fed ⁇ .
  • the E z field has two field strength maxima at about 0.48 times the inner radius ri of the RF cavity 110.
  • Figure 3 also illustrates that the entry point 156 of the helical particle beam 150 ⁇ in the RF cavity 110 at a certain angular velocity ⁇ travels along the singing shaped entrance slit 113 so that the azimuta ⁇ le angle ⁇ ⁇ under which a particle 151 of the helical particle beam 150 enters the RF cavity 110, always changing to the inside of the RF cavity 110 rotating electrical field while maintaining a predetermined phase.
  • FIG. 4 shows a sectional view of the circular cylinder-shaped RF cavity 110 in the XY plane with a Momentauf ⁇ exception of the rotating electric field 160th
  • the time varying field E has, on two field strength maxima 163, 165, and ei ⁇ NEN intermediate azimuthal nodes.
  • the two field strength maxima 163, 165 rotate with the resonator frequency G) R about the axis 101.
  • the electromagnetic field of a circularly polarized TMllO mode can thereby generally be written as follows ⁇ :
  • the resonator radius is therefore a factor of 1.593341 times greater than a1 s in a corresponding TM 0 i 0 mode.
  • the E; .- field has its maximum amplitude E £ w 0.5828652E 8
  • the helical particle beam 150 can be fed by means disposed at this location annular gap opening 113 without additional ⁇ Liche power losses in the RF cavity 110th
  • this can be generated in different ways to accelerate the helical particle beam 150 as a necessary rotating E z field.
  • Particularly suitable for generating the electric field generate by the cavity resonator 110 is operated in a circularly polarized mode, wherein two orthogonal eigenmodes are tuned to a ge ⁇ common operating frequency ⁇ .
  • the resonator 110 can be operated by means of RF power modules which are arranged along an azimuthal annular slot in the outer jacket of the HF cavity (not shown here).
  • the Mo ⁇ modules are driven out of phase by means of corresponding control signals, wherein the individual phase shifters ⁇ environment of a module corresponds long the periphery of the RF cavity depends on each of its azimuthal position.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show two cross-sectional views of the RF cavity 110 in the YZ plane, each with a snapshot of the electrical part of the circularly polarized TM10O wave at different times of a rotation cycle.
  • 5 shows a snapshot of the circularly polarized TM10O wave to a nem first time at which the positive (ie in acceleration ⁇ direction of rectification) directed half-wave 162 of the electric field 161 in the upper part of the RF cavity 110 is disposed.
  • the negative half-wave 164 of the electric field 161 is arranged in the lower part of the HF cavity 110.
  • the RF cavity 110 shows the situation intra ⁇ half at a time at which the elekt ⁇ generic field is further moved by a half period (180 °) 161st
  • the positive half-wave is now arranged in the lower part of the RF cavity 110 162, during the negative half cycle 164 is befin ⁇ det in the upper part of the RF cavity 110th
  • the feed-solution is the particles 151 in the RF cavity 110 at the corresponding synchronization between the rotating E z field 161 and the helical particle beam 150 now also at the bottom of the RF cavity 110 instead of.
  • the synchronization of the helical particle beam 150 with the resonator frequency G) R ensures that each entering the RF cavity 110 particles throughout its flight time through the RF cavity always only the oriented in the Z direction positive half-wave 162 of the rotating electric field 161 is exposed. How strongly a particle is accelerated within the RF cavity, depends particularly on the dwell time of the particle within the cavity as well as the Staer ⁇ ke of the electric field, wherein the particle is exposed during his stay within the RF cavity. In this case, the residence time is decisively determined by the initial velocity vi at which the particle 151 enters the cavity 110 and by the length of the HF cavity 110 in the Z direction.
  • the phase position of the helical particle beam 150 and the phase position of the rotating electric field 161 can be coordinated by modulating the azimuthal angle ⁇ ⁇ of the particle beam 150 so that a particle 151 shortly before reaching the electric
  • Feld alwaysmaximums 163 enters the RF chamber 110, during its flight through the RF chamber, the electric field strength ⁇ maximum 163 passes and leaves the RF chamber shortly after passing the electric field strength maximum 163 via the exit gap 115 again.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates the basic functioning of the particle accelerator 100.
  • the Generalchenbe ⁇ accelerator 100 comprises supplying one or more of the accelerator cells 110 described in the previous Figures 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6.
  • the on entry nip of the first accelerator cell in the particle accelerator 100 eintre ⁇ tende helical particle beam 150 is accelerated within the particle accelerator and leaves the General ⁇ chenbevanter 100 again on the exit slit of the last accelerator cell.
  • ⁇ acceleration 151 have the incoming with the initial velocity vi now charged particles to a higher velocity V2.
  • the helical particle beam 150 is pulled apart by the acceleration process.
  • a plurality of accelerator cells 110 can be connected in series in order to achieve a higher acceleration effect.
  • Each of the accelerator cells 130i to 130s includes a circular cylindrical RF cavity 110i to IIO 5, each with an overall an entrance slit front wall and a leakage gap comprises rear wall.
  • the rear walls of each form upstream RF cavity and the front wall of the respective downstream RF cavity a common partition wall 116.
  • the discharge gap of the respective preceding ⁇ switched RF cavity and the entrance slit of the respective downstream RF cavity form a common passage gap 117.
  • each accelerator cell summarizes 130i to 130s own genes ⁇ rato means 120i to I2O. 5
  • generator devices 120i to I2O 5 the RF cavities can llOi 5 individually are ⁇ controls up IIO. Since the flight time of the charged particle increasingly shortened due to acceleration of the charged particles 151 within the accelerator cells of a built-up of several series-connected accelerator cells 130 particle accelerator 110 by an accelerator cell, the charged particles are suspended in the last accelerator cell 130 5 considerably shorter the electric field as in the first accelerator cell 130i. Accelerator cells of different lengths can be used to compensate for this shortening of the time of flight and thus for a more effective utilization of the electric field in the rear accelerator cells.
  • FIG. 9 shows by way of example a particle accelerator 100 modified in this manner, in which the length of the individual accelerator cells IIOi to IIO 5 increases from left to right by a certain amount.
  • FIG. 10 shows an arrangement for accelerating charged particles with a particle accelerator 100 according to the invention as well as the particle accelerator 100 upstream beam shaping device 220.
  • the Anord ⁇ voltage 200 further includes a beam shaping device 220 upstream beam generating means 210 152.
  • the arrangement 200 may, as in the present example, the case, comprise a part of the ⁇ chenbeschreiber 100 downstream second beam shaping device ⁇ 230th
  • any suitable method can be used.
  • the linear particle beam 152 which is initially coaxial with axis 101, can be deflected out of axis 101 and then guided again parallel to axis 101 by means of further electrical or magnetic deflection elements.
  • the setting of the azimuthal angle of the helix can be ⁇ well done using electrical baffles or using a magnetic field.
  • the spiraling of the particle beam can also take place by means of circularly polarized fields, as is the case, for example, with a so-called gyrocon or magnicon.
  • a mirror-image arrangement of the first beam shaping device 220, the second beam shaping device 230 can be formed.
  • the individual generator devices 120i to 120io of the accelerator cells 110i to 110i connected in series can be controlled by means of a common control device 121.
  • the generator device by means of a respective connecting line 122i to 122io with the common
  • Control device 121 connected.
  • the individual phase shift of the individual accelerator cells 110i-110i can be achieved both by a different activation of the corresponding generator device 120i-120io as well as by an individually staggered arrangement of the RF feed-in points for the RF radiation in the respective accelerator cell 110i HOio done.
  • the circularly polarized wave can be tuned in a known manner to the same operating frequency by tuning the two orthogonal TMllO resonance modes in the X and Y directions and (at least) two RF feed points with a suitable phase shift (eg 0 ° to 90 °). to reach.
  • a suitable phase shift eg 0 ° to 90 °.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un accélérateur de particules (100) destiné à accélérer un faisceau hélicoïdal (150) de particules chargées (151) qui se déplacent avec une vitesse prédéterminée (v1) de manière rectiligne le long d'un axe prédéterminé (101), comprenant : - une cavité HF (110) en forme de cylindre ayant une fente d'entrée (113) de forme annulaire et une fente de sortie (115) du faisceau hélicoïdal de particules (150), de forme annulaire, qui lui est opposée ; et - un dispositif générateur HF (120) destiné à produire une onde électromagnétique polarisée circulairement (160) à l'intérieur de la cavité HF (110). L'onde électromagnétique polarisée circulairement (160) comprend un champ électrique (161) qui est orienté dans la direction de l'axe (101) et qui tourne autour de l'axe (101) de manière synchrone avec le point d'entrée du faisceau hélicoïdal de particules (150) dans la cavité HF (110). L'invention concerne en outre un ensemble d'accélérateur ainsi qu'un procédé d'accélération d'un faisceau hélicoïdal (150) de particules chargées (151).
PCT/EP2012/061178 2011-06-22 2012-06-13 Accélérateur de particules, ensemble d'accélérateur et procédé d'accélération de particules chargées WO2012175381A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL12728062T PL2745654T3 (pl) 2011-06-22 2012-06-13 Akcelerator cząstek, układ akceleratora i sposób akceleracji naładowanych cząstek
EP12728062.6A EP2745654B1 (fr) 2011-06-22 2012-06-13 Accélérateur de particules, ensemble d'accélérateur et procédé d'accélération de particules chargées

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011077976.0 2011-06-22
DE102011077976A DE102011077976A1 (de) 2011-06-22 2011-06-22 Teilchenbeschleuniger, Beschleunigeranordnung und Verfahren zum Beschleunigen geladener Teilchen

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WO2012175381A1 true WO2012175381A1 (fr) 2012-12-27

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DE (1) DE102011077976A1 (fr)
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DE102018005981A1 (de) * 2018-07-23 2020-01-23 Alexander Degtjarew Teilchenbeschleuniger

Citations (1)

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US20060022151A1 (en) * 2004-07-30 2006-02-02 Advanced Energy Systems, Inc. System and method for producing Terahertz radiation

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US3463959A (en) * 1967-05-25 1969-08-26 Varian Associates Charged particle accelerator apparatus including means for converting a rotating helical beam of charged particles having axial motion into a nonrotating beam of charged particles
IL61759A (en) * 1980-12-18 1984-10-31 Elta Electronics Ind Ltd Electron gun for producing spiral electron beams and gyrotron devices including same
US5497050A (en) * 1993-01-11 1996-03-05 Polytechnic University Active RF cavity including a plurality of solid state transistors
AU4896297A (en) * 1996-10-18 1998-05-15 Microwave Technologies Inc. Rotating-wave electron beam accelerator

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US20060022151A1 (en) * 2004-07-30 2006-02-02 Advanced Energy Systems, Inc. System and method for producing Terahertz radiation

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BRIGGS R J ET AL: "Helical Pulse Line Structures for Ion Acceleration", PARTICLE ACCELERATOR CONFERENCE, 2005. PAC 2005. PROCEEDINGS OF THE KNOXVILLE, TN, USA 16-20 MAY 2005, IEEE, PISCATAWAY, NJ, USA, 16 May 2005 (2005-05-16), pages 440 - 442, XP010890833, ISBN: 978-0-7803-8859-8, DOI: 10.1109/PAC.2005.1590462 *
KATSUYA YONEHARA: "Development of Helical Cooling Channels for Muon Colliders", PROCEEDINGS OF COOL '09, vol. 1, March 2010 (2010-03-01), pages 81 - 85, XP002683584 *

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EP2745654A1 (fr) 2014-06-25
EP2745654B1 (fr) 2015-07-29
DE102011077976A1 (de) 2012-12-27
PL2745654T3 (pl) 2016-01-29

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