WO2012174925A1 - 一种燃烧器 - Google Patents

一种燃烧器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012174925A1
WO2012174925A1 PCT/CN2012/073852 CN2012073852W WO2012174925A1 WO 2012174925 A1 WO2012174925 A1 WO 2012174925A1 CN 2012073852 W CN2012073852 W CN 2012073852W WO 2012174925 A1 WO2012174925 A1 WO 2012174925A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
furnace
burner
electric heating
combustion chamber
igniter
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/073852
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
程战锋
韩建英
Original Assignee
湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
三一重工股份有限公司
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Application filed by 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司, 三一重工股份有限公司 filed Critical 湖南三一智能控制设备有限公司
Publication of WO2012174925A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012174925A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/42—Starting devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/44—Preheating devices; Vaporising devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details, e.g. burner cooling means, noise reduction means
    • F23D11/44—Preheating devices; Vaporising devices
    • F23D11/441—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners
    • F23D11/448—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners heated by electrical means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
    • F23N5/082—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/10—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermocouples
    • F23N5/102—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using thermocouples using electronic means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/99006—Arrangements for starting combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2207/00—Ignition devices associated with burner
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2208/00—Control devices associated with burners
    • F23D2208/10—Sensing devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to thermal energy equipment, and in particular to a burner.
  • a burner is a device that converts fuel into heat and is now widely used in boilers, industrial furnaces, and civil appliances.
  • the burner mainly includes: a burner main engine, a fuel supply system, a wind oil adjusting device, a blower, a flame detecting system and the like.
  • the main part of the burner mainly includes: combustion chamber, bellows, oil gun, fuel interface and so on.
  • the combustion chamber includes a separate furnace and a combustion chamber integral with the main engine. During operation, the fuel is burned in the furnace, so that the high temperature resistant refractory bricks embedded in the furnace can form a high temperature temperature field, ensuring continuous and stable combustion flame and sufficient fuel combustion.
  • the working performance of the burner directly determines the energy consumption, quality, capacity and processing cost of the processed products of the asphalt mixing plant, and is also an important evaluation index for the performance of the asphalt mixing plant.
  • Most of the fuel used in early asphalt mixing plant burners was diesel.
  • the proportion of heavy oil, residual oil, gas and coal powder has increased, and a small part of coal powder technology (mainly domestic small stations).
  • fuel heavy oil, residual oil
  • gas and pulverized coal burners will occupy an important position in the asphalt mixing plant.
  • fuel oil (heavy oil, residual oil) and pulverized coal burners are used during the initial stage of combustion, because of the low temperature in the furnace, the ignition performance of the fuel and the early combustion stability are poor, especially when the ambient temperature is low. Ignition, initial combustion is often broken, the fuel can not be completely burned, accompanied by black smoke. Excess fuel (oil pollution) caused by frequent ignition of the burner will contaminate the drum blades, dust collector bags and other components, which will affect the quality of the finished asphalt mixture, and also cause bag clogging affecting the dust removal efficiency. Even the asphalt station has been covered by the dust collector bag. Oil pollution causes fires, causing major safety accidents and property damage. Although fuel (heavy oil, residual oil) can be heated in advance, it has limited effect on improving ignition and early combustion, and there are four safety hazards in heating the fuel (heavy oil, residual oil) too high.
  • a first object of the present invention is to provide a burner for improving the flammability and combustion stability of a fuel, comprising: a furnace, an igniter, an electric heating element and a power connector; The outer furnace and the inner furnace; the electric heating element is installed between the outer furnace and the inner furnace, and is powered by the power connector.
  • the invention forms a uniform high temperature temperature field when the electric heating elements disposed between the inner and outer furnaces are energized, which is beneficial to improving the flammability and combustion stability of the fuel, reducing pollution to the auxiliary equipment, and reducing the overall machine failure rate.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a burner of the present invention. detailed description
  • an embodiment of the burner of the present invention includes: an air supply duct 1, a flame observation hole 2, a thermocouple 3, an igniter 4, a burner housing 5, a burner duct 6, a fuel nozzle 7, The outer furnace 8, the heating wire 9, the inner furnace 10, the power connector (not shown) and the controller (not shown).
  • the heating wire 9 is installed in the channel between the outer furnace 8 and the inner furnace 10, and is connected to the power connector; the thermocouple 3 is connected to the controller for real-time sensing of the temperature value in the inner furnace 10, and The temperature value is transmitted to the controller; the controller is coupled to the igniter 4 to control activation and deactivation of the igniter 4.
  • the embodiment may further include: a photoelectric sensor (not shown) connected to the controller, configured to sense the light signal in the inner furnace 10 (ie, the light emitted by the flame) in real time after the igniter 4 is activated. Signal), and sending an electrical signal corresponding to the optical signal to the controller;
  • the controller may include: a comparison unit (not shown) for comparing the temperature value sensed by the thermocouple 3 in real time Setting a temperature threshold; a first control unit (not shown), configured to control the igniter 4 to be activated after the comparison unit determines that the temperature value sensed by the thermocouple 3 in real time is greater than a preset temperature threshold The function of automatically heating the burner; the second control unit (not shown) is configured to control the heating element to stop working after the value of the electrical signal sent by the photoelectric sensor is stabilized.
  • the power supply is turned on to energize the heating wire 9, and the temperature value in the furnace 10 in the burner is sensed in real time through the thermocouple 3, the controller
  • the comparison unit compares the temperature value with the preset temperature threshold (for example, 500 degrees Celsius), and the first control unit of the controller determines that the temperature value is greater than the preset temperature threshold after the comparison unit (ie, the temperature has been established in the furnace)
  • the temperature field is triggered to start the ignition of the igniter 4, and the air enters the combustion chamber through the supply duct 1 and the burner duct 6, and is atomized and combusted with the fuel injected through the fuel nozzle 7.
  • the photoelectric sensor senses the light signal corresponding to the flame in the inner furnace 10 in real time, and sends an electric signal corresponding to the optical signal to the controller, and the second control unit of the controller is stable in the electrical signal (ie, After the change does not occur, the control heating wire 9 is stopped, and the heating wire 9 is automatically turned off.
  • the flame combustion condition can also be observed through the flame observation hole (2).
  • the electric heating wire 9 is automatically turned off by operating the controller, for example, a heating wire 9 can be set on the controller to stop working.
  • the button when the button is pressed, generates a corresponding auto-off signal to automatically turn off the heating wire 9.
  • the heating wire 9 can also be other electric heating elements, such as electric heating plates, electric heating cables, electric heating cables, electric heating plates, electric thermocouples, electric heating crucibles, electric heating rods, etc., and various electric heating elements are arranged inside and outside the furnace.
  • the distance between the inner and outer furnaces is not limited; the thermocouple 3 can also be other temperature sensing devices, such as resistance temperature detectors, thermistors, and sensor integrated circuits.
  • the invention forms a uniform high temperature temperature field by energizing the heating wire 9 between the inner and outer furnaces, which is beneficial to improving the flammability and combustion stability of the fuel, and reducing the matching equipment (for example: drum blades, dust collector bags, etc.) Contamination, making the fuel and air entering the combustion chamber easier to ignite, burning more stable, reducing the overall machine failure rate; preferably, through the connection of the controller to the thermocouple 3, and the actual temperature value sensed in the thermocouple 3 is greater than After the preset temperature threshold, the igniter 4 is automatically activated, and the fuel combustion temperature field is processed in advance to realize the automatic preheating function of the burner; further preferably, the heating wire is realized by setting a photoelectric sensor connected to the controller. 9 automatically shuts down.
  • the matching equipment for example: drum blades, dust collector bags, etc.

Abstract

一种燃烧器，包括：炉膛、点火器（4）、电热元件（9）及电源连接器。炉膛包括外炉膛（8）及内炉膛（10），电热元件（9）安装在外炉膛（8）与内炉膛（10）之间，并通过电源连接器接通电源。该燃烧器能提供均匀高温的温度场，提升了燃料的可燃性能及燃烧稳定性，减少对配套设备的污染，降低设备整机故障发生率。

Description

一种燃烧器
本申请要求于 2011 年 06 月 22 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201120213223.8、 发明名称为"一种燃烧器"的中国专利申请的优先权， 其 全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及热能设备， 具体涉及一种燃烧器。
背景技术
燃烧器是一种将燃料转化为热能的装置， 现广泛应用于锅炉、 工业窑 炉和民用器具等设备上。 燃烧器主要包括： 燃烧器主机、 燃油供给系统、 风油调节装置、 鼓风机、 火焰检测系统等。 燃烧器主机部分主要包括： 燃 烧室、 风箱、 油枪、 燃料接口等。 燃烧室包括一个独立的炉膛和一个与主 机一体的燃烧室。 工作时， 燃料在炉膛内燃烧， 因而炉膛内部镶嵌的耐高 温耐火砖可形成高温温度场， 保障燃烧火焰连续稳定、 燃料燃烧充分。
通常燃烧器的工作性能直接决定沥青搅拌站加工产品的能耗、 质量、 产能和加工成本， 也是沥青搅拌站性能好坏的重要评价指标。 早期沥青搅 拌站燃烧器使用的燃料大多为柴油， 近年来， 重油、 渣油、 燃气及煤粉使 用的比例开始增多， 还有一少部分采用煤粉技术（主要是国内小型站）。 按 照能源结构发展的趋势来看， 且结合沥青搅拌站的生产和工艺特点， 燃油 (重油、 渣油）、 燃气和煤粉类燃烧器将在沥青搅拌站中占据重要地位。 目前， 燃油 （重油、 渣油）和煤粉类燃烧器在使用过程中， 因燃烧初期 炉膛内温度较低， 燃料的点燃性能及早期燃烧稳定性差， 特别是环境温度 较低时， 需多次点火， 初期燃烧还经常断火， 燃料不能完全燃烧， 同时伴 随着冒黑烟现象。 由于燃烧器频繁点火带来的多余燃料（油污）会污染滚 筒叶片、 除尘器布袋等部件， 进而影响成品沥青混合料品质， 也造成布袋 堵塞影响除尘效率， 甚至曾经有沥青站由于除尘器布袋被油液污染引发火 灾， 造成重大安全事故及财产损失。 虽然可预先对燃油 （重油、 渣油）加 热， 但对其改善点燃性及早期燃烧性效果有限， 同时对燃油（重油、 渣油） 加热温度过高也存在 4艮大的安全隐患。
发明内容 为了克服现有技术的上述缺陷和不足， 本发明的第一目的在于提供一 种提升燃料的可燃性能及燃烧稳定性的燃烧器， 包括： 炉膛、 点火器、 电 热元件及电源连接器； 炉膛包括外炉膛及内炉膛； 电热元件安装在外炉膛 与内炉膛之间， 并通过电源连接器接通电源。
本发明通过设置在内外炉膛之间的电热元件通电时， 形成均匀高温的 温度场， 有利于提升燃料的可燃性能及燃烧稳定性， 减少对配套设备的污 染， 降低设备整机故障发生率。
附图说明 图 1所示为本发明燃烧器的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图， 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进 行清楚、 完整地描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例， 本领域普通技术人员在没 有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例， 都属于本发明保护的 范围。
如图 1所示， 本发明燃烧器的实施例包括： 空气供给风道 1、 火焰观 察孔 2、 热电偶 3、 点火器 4、 燃烧器壳体 5、 燃烧器风道 6、 燃料喷嘴 7、 外炉膛 8、 电热丝 9、 内炉膛 10 、 电源连接器（图未示）及控制器（图未 示）。
其中， 电热丝 9安装在外炉膛 8及内炉膛 10之间槽道内，且与该电源 连接器连接； 热电偶 3与该控制器连接，用于实时感测内炉膛内 10中的温 度值， 并将该温度值传送至控制器； 控制器与该点火器 4连接， 控制该点 火器 4的启动及关闭。
优选地， 本实施例还可以包括： 与该控制器连接的光电传感器（图未 示）， 用于在点火器 4启动后， 实时感测内炉膛 10中光信号 （即为火焰所 发出的光信号）， 并将光信号对应的电信号发送至控制器； 相应地， 该控制 器可以包括： 比对单元（图未示）， 用于比对热电偶 3实时感测到的温度值 与预设温度阈值； 第一控制单元（图未示）， 用于在比对单元确定热电偶 3 实时感测到的温度值大于预设温度阈值后， 控制启动点火器 4, 以实现燃 烧器自动预热的功能； 第二控制单元（图未示）， 用于在光电传感器发送的 电信号的值稳定后， 控制电热元件停止工作。
上述各元件的工作工程如下： 在燃烧器正式工作之前通过该电源连接 器接通电源以对电热丝 9通电， 并通过热电偶 3实时感测燃烧器内炉膛 10 中的温度值，控制器的比对单元实时比对该温度值与预设温度阈值（如 500 摄氏度），控制器的第一控制单元在比对单元确定该温度值大于该预设温度 阈值后（即已经在炉膛内建立高温温度场）， 触发启动点火器 4点火， 使空 气经供给风道 1、 燃烧器风道 6进入燃烧室内， 并与经燃料喷嘴 7喷射出 的燃料混合雾化燃烧。 在点火器启动后， 光电感应器实时感测内炉膛 10 内火焰对应的光信号， 并将光信号对应的电信号发送至控制器， 该控制器 的第二控制单元在该电信号稳定（即不发生变化）后， 控制电热丝 9停止 工作， 实现电热丝 9的自动关闭。
当然， 具体操作时， 也可以通过火焰观察孔（2 )观察火焰燃烧情况， 待火焰燃烧稳定后， 通过操作控制器实现自动关闭电热丝 9, 如可以在控 制器上设置一个电热丝 9停止工作按钮， 在该按钮被按下时， 产生对应的 自动关闭信号， 以实现自动关闭电热丝 9。
本领域技术人员可以理解， 电热丝 9也可以是其他的电热元件， 如电 热板、 电热带、 电热缆、 电热盘、 电热偶、 电加热圏、 电热棒等， 各种电 热元件设置在内外炉膛之间即可， 不限定在内外炉膛之间的槽内； 热电偶 3 也可以是其他的温度感测装置， 如电阻温度检测器、 热敏电阻以及传感 器集成电路等。
本发明通过设置在内外炉膛之间的电热丝 9通电后形成均匀高温的温 度场， 有利于提升燃料的可燃性能及燃烧稳定性， 减少对配套设备（例如： 滚筒叶片、 除尘器布袋等）的污染， 使进入燃烧室的燃料和空气更易点燃， 燃烧更稳定， 降低设备整机故障发生率； 优选地， 通过控制器与热电偶 3 的连接， 并在热电偶 3感测到实际温度值大于预设温度阈值后自动启动点 火器 4, 提前对燃料燃烧温度场进行高温处理， 实现了燃烧器的自动预加 热功能； 进一步优选地， 通过设置与控制器连接的光电感应器， 实现了电 热丝 9的自动关闭。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已， 并不用以限制本发明， 凡在 本发明的精神和原则之内， 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包 含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims

1、 一种燃烧器， 包括炉膛、 点火器， 其特征在于， 还包括： 电热元件 及电源连接器； 所述炉膛包括外炉膛及内炉膛； 所述电热元件安装在所述 外炉膛与内炉膛之间， 并通过所述电源连接器接通电源。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的燃烧器， 其特征在于， 还包括：
温度感测装置， 用于实时感测所述内炉膛内的温度值；
控制器， 用于比对所述温度值与预设温度阈值， 并在所述温度值大于 所述预设温度阈值后控制启动所述点火器。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的燃烧器， 其特征在于， 还包括：
光电传感器， 用于在所述点火器启动后， 实时感测所述内炉膛内的光 信号， 并将所述光信号对应的电信号发送至所述控制器。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的燃烧器， 其特征在于， 所述控制器包括： 比对单元， 用于比对所述温度值与预设温度阈值； 度阈值后， 控制启动所述点火器；
第二控制单元， 用于在所述电信号的值稳定后， 控制所述电热元件停 止工作。
5、 根据上述权利要求 1-4中任一项所述的燃烧器， 其特征在于， 所述 电热元件为电热丝。
6、 根据上述权利要求 2-4中任一项所述的燃烧器， 其特征在于， 所述 温度感测装置为热电偶。
PCT/CN2012/073852 2011-06-22 2012-04-11 一种燃烧器 WO2012174925A1 (zh)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN2011202132238U CN202158562U (zh) 2011-06-22 2011-06-22 一种燃烧器
CN201120213223.8 2011-06-22

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WO2012174925A1 true WO2012174925A1 (zh) 2012-12-27

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CN202158562U (zh) * 2011-06-22 2012-03-07 三一重工股份有限公司 一种燃烧器
CN103243293A (zh) * 2013-05-14 2013-08-14 盐城市科奥热处理设备制造厂 一种可对炉胆内温度进行实时测温的渗锌炉
CN104949151A (zh) * 2014-03-31 2015-09-30 上海凌云瑞升燃烧设备有限公司 火焰检测器、燃烧机及火焰检测方法
CN105674262A (zh) * 2015-12-21 2016-06-15 湖南三一路面机械有限公司 一种燃烧器和喷枪及沥青搅拌站

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