WO2012171443A1 - 一种干粉给药装置 - Google Patents

一种干粉给药装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012171443A1
WO2012171443A1 PCT/CN2012/076647 CN2012076647W WO2012171443A1 WO 2012171443 A1 WO2012171443 A1 WO 2012171443A1 CN 2012076647 W CN2012076647 W CN 2012076647W WO 2012171443 A1 WO2012171443 A1 WO 2012171443A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
dosing
disposed
manual rotating
dry powder
delivery device
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/076647
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
陈岚
杜狄峥
徐磊
Original Assignee
上海秀新臣邦医药科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201110156768.4A external-priority patent/CN102228725B/zh
Priority claimed from CN201110156770.1A external-priority patent/CN102218182B/zh
Application filed by 上海秀新臣邦医药科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海秀新臣邦医药科技有限公司
Priority to US14/125,936 priority Critical patent/US9750901B2/en
Publication of WO2012171443A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012171443A1/zh

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Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00Inhalators
    • A61M15/0065Inhalators with dosage or measuring devices
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00Inhalators
    • A61M15/0001Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof
    • A61M15/0005Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof with means for agitating the medicament
    • A61M15/0006Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof with means for agitating the medicament using rotating means
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M15/00Inhalators
    • A61M15/0028Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
    • A61M15/0045Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters
    • A61M15/0046Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters characterized by the type of carrier
    • A61M15/005Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up using multiple prepacked dosages on a same carrier, e.g. blisters characterized by the type of carrier the dosages being arranged on a cylindrical surface
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2202/00Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
    • A61M2202/06Solids
    • A61M2202/062Desiccants
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61MDEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2202/00Special media to be introduced, removed or treated
    • A61M2202/06Solids
    • A61M2202/064Powder

Definitions

  • the present invention is in the field of devices for introducing a medium into a human body, and more particularly to an inhalation drug delivery device for delivering a prescribed dose of dry powdered medicament to the lungs of a user.
  • the route of administration to the user usually includes oral administration, inhalation, sublingual administration, topical application, rectal administration, injection, and the like.
  • the fast-acting mode of administration is the first mode of administration by oral (or nasal) inhalation.
  • fluorocarbon hydrocarbons CFC
  • chlorofluorocarbons a group of chlorine, fluorine and carbon
  • the halogenated hydrazine which was originally used as a refrigerator refrigerant, was decomposed by the ozone layer. Since January 1, 1996, chlorofluorocarbons have been officially banned. The ideal aerosol is under further investigation.
  • Isolation-packaged dry powder inhalation drug delivery device Take the commercially available "Sulidie” susceptor product as an example. The specific structure is on the announcement date of May 2, 2007, and the authorization announcement number is CN 1313171C.
  • the invention has been described in the patent, which discloses an "inhaler” having a plurality of chambers arranged in an array, each chamber containing a metered dose of a drug; And a lever that moves the chambers one by one to align with the suction holes constituting the nozzle, each chamber including an inner edge and an outer edge, the plurality of chambers being closed by the sealing layer.
  • the inhaler also has a mechanism for lifting the sealing layer away from the inner and outer edges of the chamber to open an air passage formed by the chamber and the sealing layer. Therefore, in use, when inhaling through the nozzle, the air flow in the air flow passage entrains the powder in the chamber through which air is drawn to the outside of the inhaler.
  • the authorization announcement date is July 12, 2000, and a "pharmaceutical delivery device" is disclosed.
  • the device has a powder container which can be filled with a powdered medicament, and must be The volume of air, a metering chamber in communication with the powder container, the metering chamber separating the powdered medicament from the container in a quantitative manner.
  • an "inhalation device” which comprises: a flow channel formed by a plurality of surfaces, the user inhaling An air stream carrying the powder of the dose is passed through the channel; a metering unit for providing a dose of powder to the flow channel for taking the powder by air flow.
  • such a depot dry powder inhalation device is generally provided with a powder container and a corresponding metering member through which the powdered medicament is dispensed quantitatively and quantitatively from the powder container.
  • a relatively large problem with dry/micronized administration is that powdered particles have a large surface energy and are prone to form a "agglomerated" state, thus causing greater difficulty in metering each dose of the depot type drug.
  • the drug metering method in the Chinese invention patent application 200780008580.7 also has the problem that it is difficult to accurately measure when the dry powder is small.
  • the air inlet/hole communicating with the flow path is usually opened on the housing, when the protective outer cover/shell of the dry powder delivery device is taken After that, the air inlet is exposed to the air, which leads to the air passage (the air inlet/hole first-pass powder container and the suction nozzle) in the dry powder delivery device that is in communication with the outside world.
  • the moisture contained in the outside air easily enters the powder container, causing the dry powder of the powder in the powder container to be easily “moistened” and agglomerating, affecting the accuracy and effect of administration.
  • the air inlet/hole communicating with the flow path is usually opened on the outer casing, and the protective outer cover/shell of the dry powder delivery device is After being removed, the air inlet is exposed to the air, resulting in a gas path (air inlet/hole first-pass powder container, one nozzle) in the dry powder delivery device that is in communication with the outside world.
  • a gas path air inlet/hole first-pass powder container, one nozzle
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a dry powder drug delivery device which adopts a fully sealed structure of a nozzle and an air inlet, and can dry the powder metering structure/component before each powdering, avoiding the powder container.
  • the dry powder of the medicament is damp and agglomerated; at the same time, the dry powder drug delivery device adopts a dosing structure with a dosing groove, which avoids the defects of "overdosage" administration and leakage powder; in addition, the dry powder drug delivery device By adopting the structure of the vibration administration unit at the outlet of the powder reservoir, the function of accurately measuring the dose of the powder is realized.
  • the technical solution of the present invention is: Providing a dry powder drug delivery device comprising at least a flow channel assembly, a powder storage container and a drug metering assembly, wherein the flow channel assembly comprises a nozzle and a flow channel member, wherein - providing a casing composed of a combination of an upper body member and a lower body member; an inverted cone shaped powder storage container is disposed at an upper portion of the casing; an annular manual rotating portion is disposed at an outer periphery of the upper portion of the casing; The outer surface is provided with a rotating slide, and a slider is disposed correspondingly inside the annular manual rotating portion; a first elastic member is disposed between the annular manual rotating portion and the upper portion of the housing; at one end of the rotating slide a gas passage is provided; a flow path member is disposed inside the casing; a suction nozzle is disposed on an outer side of the casing, and a nozzle sleeve is disposed outside the nozzle; a first end of
  • the rotating slide includes parallel upper and lower rotating slides and first and second lifting slides connecting the first and lower rotating slide heads and ends;
  • the annular manual rotating part is on/ Under the guiding/restricting/action of the lower rotating slide, the first/second lifting slide, the slider and the first elastic member, the rotation in the defined angle and the raising/lowering of the designated position can be performed on the upper body member.
  • the defined angle is 120 degrees; the specified position is the first and the end positions of the upper and lower rotating slides.
  • At least one air inlet is provided through the housing on the housing of the lower horizontal slide.
  • the dosing assembly of the present invention includes a dosing tray with a central axis, a spring cover located below the dosing plate, a second elastic member between the lower body member and the spring cover; The end portion is disposed through the upper portion of the upper body member, and the central axis passes through the shaft end portion of the upper portion of the upper body member, and a triangular key is disposed; in the middle of the annular manual rotating portion, a triangular slot is correspondingly disposed; a distal end rotatably connected to the lower body member; and three dosing grooves are disposed on one side of the dosing tray facing the inverted cone powder storage container, the dosing grooves are evenly distributed along the circumference The position of the medicine inlet of the flow path member is corresponding to the distribution circumference of the three administration grooves.
  • three elastic positioning cards are uniformly disposed on the circumference of the dosing plate, and three positioning grooves are correspondingly arranged on the inner side of the lower body member, and the elastic positioning card and the positioning groove are matched.
  • the first elastic member or the second elastic member is a spring.
  • a drying assembly comprising a drying tube and a particulate moisture absorbent in the drying tube, the opening of the drying tube being in the same direction as the outlet of the inverted cone powder storage container;
  • the drying assembly is disposed at an angle of 120 degrees with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the housing of the inverted cone powder storage container; the outlet of the drying assembly or the inverted cone powder storage container, and the dosing tray of the dosing unit
  • the distribution circumference where the administration grooves are located corresponds to the setting.
  • the positioning protrusion is disposed on the annular manual rotating portion, and when the nozzle sleeve is in the “covering” state, the positioning protrusion and the nozzle sleeve cooperate with each other to prevent the annular manual rotating part from being Rotation occurs between the body members to form an anti-misoperation mechanical structure.
  • the invention also provides an inhalation administration process of the above dry powder drug delivery device, which adopts the operation sequence and steps of "charged ⁇ inhale ⁇ dry", and adopts "drying and refilling" for each dosing groove.
  • the mode of operation not only ensures the angle of each rotation of the dosing plate, but also gives the user a clear "rotation in place” signal. Easy to use and operate.
  • the technical solution of the present invention further provides a dry powder drug delivery device according to claim 1, wherein the dry powder drug delivery device completes the entire inhalation administration process according to the following steps -
  • the annular manual rotating part automatically pops up upwards
  • the dry powder delivery device completes the entire "dry one drug delivery one administration" process in the following order:
  • the annular manual rotating part automatically pops up upward, the air inlet is opened, and the inhalation administration condition is provided; meanwhile, the triangular key of the central end of the central axis of the dosing and measuring component enters the triangular slot in the middle of the annular manual rotating part, Prerequisites for the next rotation of the dosing tray;
  • the user inhales the powder through the nozzle, and the gas for carrying the powder enters the dry powder feeding device from the air inlet, along the flow path member to the medicine inlet, and the medicine powder in the first dosage groove of the metering tray is
  • the nozzle is sent to the user's mouth to complete the administration process;
  • the present invention further provides a vibration drug delivery device of the above dry powder drug delivery device, comprising a housing composed of a combination of an upper body member and a lower body member, wherein a powder storage container and a dosing component are disposed in the casing, a suction nozzle is arranged on the outer side of the body, and a flow path member is arranged inside the casing, and the flow path member sequentially connects the air inlet port, the dosing and measuring component and the suction nozzle; and the nozzle is provided with an inverted cone on the upper part of the casing; Powder storage container; in the housing An upper peripheral portion is provided with an annular manual rotating portion; under the inverted cone powder storage container, a dosing and measuring assembly including a central rotating shaft and a dosing plate; and a central rotating shaft of the dosing and measuring assembly Connected to the annular manual rotating portion; a convex
  • the transmission sleeve and the dial gear of the lower end thereof rotate or lift synchronously with the annular manual rotating portion.
  • the vibrating assembly vibrates the outlet of the inverted cone powder storage container when the transmission sleeve is rotated by the annular manual rotating portion.
  • the toggle gear contacts/engages with the protruding vibration tooth, and the toggle gear rotates with the rotation of the annular manual rotating portion. Rotating, the moving tooth on the belt drives the vibration of the convex vibrating tooth, and then drives the lower outlet of the inverted cone powder storage container to vibrate, thereby realizing the function of "vibration administration".
  • a dialing tooth is disposed, and a wheel segment having a shifting tooth on the shifting gear is disposed corresponding to a horizontal position of the protruding vibrating tooth, thereby ensuring a shifting gear Within the range of the angle of rotation, the dialing teeth on the circumference of the wheel are always in contact with the raised vibrating teeth.
  • the carrier gas passage adopts a double full sealing structure, and the dry powder feeding device is only in a short time range when the nozzle sleeve is in the "removed” state and the annular manual rotating portion is bounced after the first rotation.
  • the inlet and outlet of the carrier gas passage are connected to the outside air. After the user inhales the powder and manually presses the annular manual rotating part, the "communication" state of the carrier gas passage and the outside air is cut off again, avoiding "protection".
  • the carrier gas passage is in a 'normally open' state that is always in communication with the outside world, reducing the chance and possibility of moisture and agglomeration of the dry powder in the powder container;
  • Vibration mode The vibration mode of a raised tooth is independent of the elastic component and is not affected by the change in the storage volume of the powder;
  • the dry powder drug delivery device adopts the operation sequence and procedure of "charged ⁇ inhale ⁇ dry”, adopts the operation mode of "drying and refilling" for each dosing groove, and completes the whole inhalation administration process. a more accurate measurement of the dosage of the powder;
  • the anti-missing mechanical limit of the annular manual rotating part is set to prevent abnormal rotation between the annular manual rotating part and the upper body part, ensuring the sealing effect of the carrier gas passage, preventing accidental drug supply, and eliminating the accident. Abnormal loss of stored powder.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural view of a dry powder drug delivery device of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic exploded perspective view of the dry powder drug delivery device of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of a drying assembly and an inverted cone powder storage container
  • Figure 4 is a schematic structural view of a flow path member
  • Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the position of the rotating/elevating slide and the air inlet on the upper body member
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a triangular key, an annular manual rotating portion, a center shaft, and a transmission sleeve clutch assembly
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a transmission structure between a triangular key, an annular manual rotating portion, and a central shaft
  • Figure 8 is a schematic structural view of a vibration administration unit
  • Figure 9 is a schematic structural view of a vibration assembly
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view showing the operation of the counterclockwise rotation of the annular manual rotating portion
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the clockwise operation of the annular manual rotating portion
  • Fig. 12 is a schematic view showing the operation of ending the administration by pressing the annular manual rotating portion.
  • 1 is the central axis
  • 1-1 is the central shaft hole
  • 2 is the positioning protrusion
  • 3 is the annular manual rotating part
  • 8 is the upper body part
  • 10 is the flow path part
  • 10-1 is the flow end of the flow path
  • 10-2 is the end of the flow channel
  • 10-3 is the feeding port of the flow channel
  • 11 is the suction nozzle
  • 12 is the air inlet
  • 13 is the dosing plate
  • 14 is the dosing groove
  • 15 is the bomb Reed cover
  • 16 is the lower body part
  • 17 is the drying tube
  • 19 is the inverted cone powder storage container
  • 20 is the second spring
  • 21 is the convex vibration tooth
  • 23 is the rotating slide
  • 23-3 is the first lifting chute
  • 23-4 is the second lifting chute
  • 24 is the elastic positioning card
  • 25 is the first spring
  • 26 is the slider
  • 27 is the transmission
  • 28 is a
  • the dry powder administration device is composed of a combination of an upper body member 8 and a lower body member 16 to constitute a casing.
  • an inverted cone-shaped powder storage container (see the member 21 shown in Fig. 3) is disposed, and an annular manual rotating portion 3 is provided on the outer periphery of the upper portion of the casing, and is disposed on the outer surface of the upper portion of the casing.
  • the rotary chute 23 is provided with a slider 26 corresponding to the inner side of the annular manual rotating portion, and a first elastic member 25 is disposed between the annular manual rotating portion and the upper portion of the casing, on the casing where the rotating chute is located.
  • the intake port 12 is provided, and the flow path member 10 is provided inside the casing, and the suction nozzle 11 is provided outside the casing, and the nozzle cover is provided outside the suction nozzle.
  • a dosing tray 13 including a central axis 1 , a spring cover 15 under the dosing plate, and a second spring 20 between the lower body member and the spring cover are provided. Dosing metering components.
  • a vibrating administration member comprising a convex vibrating tooth 21 disposed at a lower portion of the inverted cone powder storage container and a shift gear 28 disposed at a lower end of the transmission sleeve 27 is provided (see Fig. 8). Or as shown in Figure 9.)
  • the flow path member is sequentially connected to the air inlet, the dosing unit, and the suction nozzle.
  • a dosing groove 14 is provided on the dosing plate, and the dosing grooves are uniformly disposed circumferentially.
  • the dosing groove is in close contact with the bottom surface of the outlet of the inverted cone powder storage container; the powder flows from the inverted cone powder storage container into the dosing groove of the dosing plate, and the filling is required for the user to inhale the medicament once.
  • Dosage (referred to as "one dose” in the industry).
  • the dosing groove is not a through hole, when the central rotating shaft rotates to drive the dosing tray to rotate, during the administration, the problem of "overdosing" administration is avoided, and the purpose of accurate metering is achieved.
  • Three elastic positioning cards 24 are uniformly disposed on the circumference of the dosing plate, and three positioning grooves 29 are correspondingly arranged on the inner side of the lower body member, and the elastic positioning card and the positioning groove cooperate to rotate the dosing plate.
  • the user is given a clear rotation in-position signal, while ensuring that the angle of rotation of the dosing plate is one third of a circumference.
  • the aforementioned first elastic member or second elastic member is a spring.
  • an inverted cone-shaped powder storage container 19 is disposed downwardly at the outlet.
  • a drying unit including a drying pipe 17 opened in the same direction as the outlet of the inverted cone powder storage container and a particulate moisture absorbent in the casing.
  • the drying assembly and the inverted cone powder storage container are disposed at an angle of 120 degrees with respect to the longitudinal central axis of the housing (the center line of the shaft hole 1-1 of the central axis in the figure represents the longitudinal center axis).
  • the dosing groove is disposed on the horizontal circumference of the same radius corresponding to the outlet of the drying assembly and the inverted cone powder storage container; in other words, the outlet of the drying component or the inverted cone powder storage container, and the amount in FIG.
  • the horizontal distribution circumference of the three administration grooves 14 of the drug delivery tray 13 is correspondingly set.
  • any one of the dosing grooves will first pass under the opening of the tubular casing of the drying assembly (drying), and then under the outlet of the inverted conical powder storage container (charge), and finally through the flow
  • the medicine inlet below the channel component (duck) therefore, during the complete process of the user's inhalation powder, the three dosing grooves are always rotated (actually the dosing tray where the dosing groove is located)
  • the whole process of "drying, charging powder, and drug absorbing powder" can be realized.
  • the flow path member 10 is a first end opening, and a drug inlet member is also provided under the intermediate horizontal portion to provide a forced flow/flow path for the drug-loading gas.
  • the head end 10-1 of the flow path member is connected to the air inlet (labeled 12 in the figure) on the upper casing in Fig. 1, and the end 10-2 of the flow path member and the nozzle in Fig. 1 11 pneumatic connection, under the middle section/horizontal part of the flow path member, a medicine inlet 10-3 with an opening facing downward is provided (because its opening is facing downward, only the illustration is shown in the figure).
  • the position of the medicine inlet of the flow path member is set corresponding to the distribution circumference of the three administration grooves of the dosing dial, and is closely aligned with and aligned with the administration groove of the dosing dial.
  • the flow path member sequentially connects the air inlet to the air inlet, the dosing unit (actually the dosing groove of the dosing plate), and the nozzle. Since the flow path is entirely designed in an arc, there is no dead angle and there is no residual powder, thus ensuring accurate dosage.
  • a rotating slide (labeled 23 in Fig. 1) provided on the outer surface of the upper portion of the housing (actually the outer surface of the upper body 8) includes a parallel upper slide chute 23-1 and a lower rotary chute. 23-2. Connect the first lifting chute 23-3 and the second lifting chute 23-4 of the upper and lower rotating chutes.
  • a slider 26 is provided correspondingly (see the parts marked in Fig. 1).
  • the annular manual rotating portion 3 shown in Fig. 1 is guided/restricted/actuated by the upper/lower rotating chute, the first/second lifting chute, the slider and the first elastic member shown in the figure.
  • the rotation within the defined angle and the elevation/decrease of the specified position can be made on the upper body member 8.
  • the above defined angle is 120 degrees.
  • the above specified positions are the first and last positions of the upper and lower rotating slides.
  • an air inlet 12 is provided on the casing of the lower horizontal slide.
  • the "communication" state of the carrier gas passage and the outside air is cut off again, thereby solving the existing dry powder drug delivery device when the protective outer cover/shell is opened.
  • the gas path is in a "normally open” state that is always in communication with the outside world, reducing the chances and potential for moisture and agglomeration of the dry powder in the powder container.
  • the vibration administration assembly includes a convex vibration tooth (shown in Fig. 3) disposed at a lower portion of the inverted cone powder storage container, and a toggle gear 28 disposed at a lower end of the transmission sleeve 27, the upper end of the transmission sleeve It is fixed to the annular manual rotating portion 3, and the transmission sleeve is coaxially fitted on the central shaft (see Fig. 1).
  • the drive sleeve and the dial gear of the lower end thereof rotate or lift synchronously with the annular manual rotating portion.
  • the vibration assembly vibrates the outlet of the inverted cone powder storage container.
  • a triangular key 30 is provided at a shaft end end through which the center shaft passes through the top of the annular manual rotating portion.
  • a triangular slot 31 is provided in the middle of the top of the annular manual rotating portion.
  • the annular manual rotating portion 3 When the annular manual rotating portion 3 is guided and acted by the rotating slide and the first spring, after the rotation/rising, the triangular key provided at the head end of the central shaft is just embedded in the triangular slot, and then the annular manual rotating portion is Rotating, through the triangular slot hole and a triangular key transmission structure, the central shaft is rotated, and then the dosing disc is rotated.
  • a shifting tooth is disposed, and the circumferential portion of the wheel having the shifting tooth on the shifting gear corresponds to the horizontal position of the raised vibrating tooth 21
  • the grounding setting ensures that the dialing teeth on the circumference of the wheel are always in contact with the raised vibrating teeth within the range of the turning gear rotation angle.
  • the convex vibration tooth is fixedly disposed at the lower portion of the inverted cone powder storage container, and the dial gear 28 is disposed at the lower end of the transmission sleeve 27, the upper end of the transmission sleeve is fixed to the annular manual rotating portion 3, so only when When the annular manual rotating portion is in the home position or the lowered position, the toggle gear is in contact with the convex vibrating tooth.
  • the shifting gear rotates, and the dialing tooth on the rotating tooth drives the convex vibrating tooth
  • the vibration drives the lower outlet of the inverted cone powder storage container to vibrate, thereby realizing the function of vibration administration.
  • the drying unit (indicated by the drying tube 17 in the drawing) is disposed at an angle of 120 degrees with respect to the longitudinal center axis of the housing from the outlet 19 of the inverted cone powder storage container.
  • Fig. 8 shows the structural positional relationship between the dosing plate and the vibrating drug delivery assembly viewed from above
  • Fig. 9 shows the plane in which the dosing plate is located, from below.
  • the structural positional relationship between the lower end of the upper body member and its vibrating drug delivery assembly is observed upward.
  • the dry powder delivery device of the present technical solution completes the entire inhalation administration process as follows : In the first step, the nozzle sleeve is removed, and the mechanical limit of the anti-missing rotation of the annular manual rotating portion is released.
  • the positioning projection 2 is provided on the annular manual rotating portion in order to prevent the user from operating an erroneous operation such as rotating the annular manual rotating portion before the nozzle sleeve is removed.
  • the user rotates the annular manual rotating portion 3 counterclockwise to the 120 degree limit position.
  • the first administration groove of the dosing tray in the dosing unit is subjected to the supply of the inverted cone powder storage container, thereby realizing the quantitative drug supply.
  • the inner wall of the annular manual rotating portion has a protruding slider (ie, the aforementioned slider 26), which will follow the lower rotating slide in the slide in the upper body member, counterclockwise from the lower left corner Draw to the lower right corner, the entire process is 120 degrees.
  • the annular manual rotating portion 3 automatically pops up upward, the intake port 12 is exposed, and the inhalation administration condition is provided.
  • the annular manual rotating portion is again rotated clockwise to the extreme position of 120 degrees.
  • the user then rotates the annular manual rotating portion 3 clockwise by 120 degrees, and the slider inside the annular manual rotating portion slides on the upper rotating slide to the upper left corner, and due to the triangular key
  • the meshing of the triangular slot, the rotation of 120 degrees drives the quantitative disk to rotate by 120 degrees, so that the dosing groove filled with the powder just moves into the medicine inlet below the flow channel, completes the medicine supply process, and the user has the prerequisite to inhale the powder. condition.
  • the powder is inhaled and the administration process is completed.
  • the user inhales the powder through the nozzle, and the gas for carrying the powder enters the dry powder feeding device from the air inlet, along the flow path member to the medicine feeding port, and the medicine powder in the first dosage groove of the metering tray is passed through the nozzle It is delivered to the user's mouth to complete the administration process.
  • the dosing groove is subjected to drying, and the preparation for the next drug supply is prepared.
  • the user only needs to press the annular manual rotating portion 3 to disengage the triangular block from the triangular groove, and the annular manual rotating portion is also in the initial position for the user to use next time. .
  • the nozzle sleeve is placed to restore the mechanical limit of the anti-missing rotation of the annular manual rotating part, and at the same time, the sealing of the air inlet is completed, and the entire medication process is finished.
  • the technical scheme adopts a double full sealing structure of the nozzle and the air inlet, and adopts a "drying and reloading" operation mode for each dosage groove, thereby avoiding moisture and agglomeration of the dry powder of the powder container, thereby realizing The function of measuring the dose of powder more accurately.
  • the technical solution drives the dosing tray to rotate sequentially by the rotation/elevation of the annular manual rotating portion, which creates a prerequisite for the "drying and refilling" of each dosing groove.
  • a vibration assembly structure is disposed in the lower portion of the inverted cone-shaped powder storage container, and vibration is formed at the outlet of the inverted cone-shaped powder storage container, thereby realizing the function of "vibration administration".
  • the technical solution by providing an elastic positioning card and a positioning groove between the dosing plate and the lower body member, the angle of each rotation of the dosing plate can be ensured, and the user can be clearly defined. Rotate in place "signal for ease of use and operation.
  • the technical solution can be applied to the design and manufacture of dry powder inhalation drug delivery devices of various specifications.

Abstract

一种干粉给药装置,包括流道部件(10)、药粉储存容器(19)和给药计量组件。在壳体上部设置倒锥状药粉储存容器(19),在壳体上部外设置一环状手动旋转部(3),壳体上部外表面设置旋转滑道(23),在环状手动旋转部(3)内侧面对应设置滑块(26),环状手动旋转部(3)和壳体上部之间设置第一弹性部件(25),旋转滑道(23)一端设置进气口(12),壳体内设置流道部件(10),壳体外设置吸嘴(11),吸嘴(11)外部设置吸嘴套,在倒锥状药粉储存容器(19)下方设置给药计量组件,在倒锥状药粉储存容器(19)下端设置凸起振动齿(21),传动套筒(27)上设置的拨动齿轮(28)与凸起振动齿(21)配合,构成一个可使倒锥状药粉储存容器(19)出口产生振动的振动组件。该干粉给药装置适用于各种规格的干粉吸入式给药装置的设计和制造领域。

Description

一种干粉给药装置 技术领域
本发明属于将介质输入人体内的器械领域, 尤其涉及一种用于将指定剂量的干 粉状药物送入使用者肺部的吸入式给药器械。 背景技术
在现代医疗技术中, 对使用者的给药途径通常包括口服, 吸入, 舌下含化, 外 敷, 直肠给药, 注射等几种给药方式。
由于经口腔或鼻吸入可以使药物直接通过口腔或鼻的粘膜吸收入血, 可以绕过 肝的"首过"效应, 故对于许多疾病 (最常见的就是哮喘) 的治疗 /给药而言, 快速见 效的给药方式首推经口腔 (或鼻) 吸入的给药方式。
现有用于治疗哮喘等呼吸道疾病、 经吸入给药方式的装置, 主要有气雾剂给药 装置和干粉吸入给药装置两大类。
对于气雾剂给药装置而言, 随着国内、 外环保意识的提高, 氟代垸烃 (CFC, chlorofluorocarbon) 类气雾剂逐渐被淘汰 (氯氟烃, 是一组由氯、 氟及碳组成的卤 代垸, 在最初被人们用来做冰箱制冷剂, 但是由于它会对臭氧层起到分解作用, 从 1996年 1月 1日起, 氯氟碳化合物正式被禁止生产) , 新的较理想的气雾剂正在进 一步研究中。
另一方面, 若使用气雾剂式给药装置, 使用者必须能较好地协调好 "喷雾 "与"吸 入"两个动作的节奏, 才能达到较理想的药物吸入效果。
而干粉吸入式给药装置的操作, 则完全由使用者的主动意识决定, 没有"喷射" 与"吸入"协调的问题。
对于干粉吸入式给药装置, 从药物储存的角度来划分, 目前主要分成两大类- 隔离包装式和储库式。
1 ) 隔离包装式干粉吸入式给药装置- 以市售的"舒利迭 "准纳器产品为例, 其具体结构在公告日为 2007年 5月 2日, 授权公告号为 CN 1313171C 的中国发明专利中己有描述, 该专利文献公开了一种 "吸入器", 该吸入器具有多个隔开成阵列的腔室, 每个腔室包含计量剂量的药物; 以及一个接一个地移动腔室以与构成管口的吸入孔对准的杠杆, 每个腔室包括内边 缘和外边缘, 多个腔室由密封层关闭。 该吸入器还具有将密封层抬离腔室的内边缘 和外边缘以打开由该腔室和密封层构成的空气通道的机构。 因此, 在使用中, 当通 过该管口吸气时, 空气流动通道中的气流夹带着腔室中的药粉, 由空气通过该管口 抽至吸入器外面。
在实际使用过程中发现, 此类干粉吸入式给药装置的体积通常较大, 整个吸入 装置的制造 /购置成本也相对较高。
2) 储库式干粉吸入式给药装置- 该类给药装置以市售的都保 (Turbu aler) 产品为代表。
授权公告日为 2000年 7月 12日,授权公告号为 CN 1054304C的中国发明专利 中, 公开了一种"药剂配送装置", 此装置具有一可装入一种粉化药剂的粉剂容器、 一定容积的空气、 一与粉剂容器连通的计量室, 该计量室可分次定量地从容器中分 出粉化药剂。
授权公告日为 2006年 3月 29日, 授权公告号为 CN 1247275C的中国发明专利中, 公开了一种"吸入器具", 其包括: 一个流动通道, 由多个表面形成, 使用者通过吸 气使携带所述剂量的粉末的空气气流通过该通道; 一个计量单元, 用于将一定剂量 的粉末提供到所述流动通道, 以便通过空气气流来服用粉末。
可见, 此类储库式干粉吸入式给药装置通常都设置有一粉剂容器和相应的计量 构件, 通过计量构件从粉剂容器中分次定量地分出粉化药剂。
干 /微粉给药一个比较大的问题是,粉末状颗粒具有较大的表面能,容易形成"团 聚"状态, 因而给储库型药物每一剂量的计量造成了较大的困难。
在解决此问题上, 己有不少研究人员做了很多的尝试, 如中国发明专利 ZL 91107979.3中, 对药物储库的粉末施加了一个弹簧的压力, 以试图解决精确计量的 问题。 但是, 弹簧的力是随着长度而改变的, 其结构决定了该装置"残粉"较多, 且 容易漏粉, 同时无法避免超剂量给药的误操作。
而且, 现有市售的储库式干粉给药装置产品及中国专利 ZL 98805080.3的技术 方案所公开的产品结构中, 由于其干粉计量装置为通孔, 易出现漏粉现象, 且无法 保证能够避免 "超剂量"给药的问题。
中国发明专利申请 200780008580.7 中的药物计量方式也存在当干粉较少时难 以准确计量的问题。
公开号为 WO2008/001744的国际专利申请在给药装置的壳体加入了一个"振动 单元",其通过打开装置上盖时产生振动,希望能够使药粉更好地进入到计量结构中, 但对给药装置整体的振动对药粉进入计量结构有多大贡献, 还较难评判。
此外, 现有储库式干粉给药装置的市售产品, 其与流道相通的进气口 /孔, 通常 是开在壳体上的, 当干粉给药装置的保护性外罩 /壳被取下后, 进气口就暴露在空气 中, 导致了干粉给药装置中与粉剂容器相通的气路通路(进气口 /孔一流道一粉剂容 器一吸嘴) 处于一直与外界相通的"常开"状态, 外界空气中所含的水分很容易进入 粉剂容器内, 导致粉剂容器中的药剂干粉易"受潮"结块, 影响给药计量的准确度和 使用效果。
再有, 现有储库式干粉给药装置的市售产品, 其与流道相通的进气口 /孔, 通常 是开在外壳体上的, 当干粉给药装置的保护性外罩 /壳被取下后, 进气口就暴露在空 气中, 导致了干粉给药装置中与粉剂容器相通的气路通路(进气口 /孔一流道一粉剂 容器一吸嘴) 处于一直与外界相通的"常开"状态, 外界空气中所含的水分很容易进 入粉剂容器内, 导致粉剂容器中的药剂干粉易"受潮"结块, 影响给药计量的准确度 和使用效果。 发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种干粉给药装置, 其采用吸嘴与进风口的 全密封结构, 在每次加药粉前, 能够对药粉计量结构 /组件进行干燥, 避免了粉剂容 器中药剂干粉的受潮和结块; 同时, 本干粉给药装置采用了带有给药凹槽的给药计 量结构, 避免了 "超剂量"给药和漏药粉的缺陷; 此外, 本干粉给药装置采用在粉剂 储库的出口设置振动给药单元的结构, 实现了较准确计量药粉剂量的功能。
具体的, 本发明的技术方案是: 提供一种干粉给药装置, 至少包括流道组件、 药粉储存容器和给药计量组件, 所述的流道组件包括吸嘴和流道部件, 其特征是- 设置一由上主体件和下主体件组合构成的壳体; 在壳体的上部, 设置倒锥状药粉储 存容器; 在壳体的上部外周, 设置一环状手动旋转部; 在壳体上部的外表面, 设置 旋转滑道, 在环状手动旋转部的内侧, 对应设置滑块; 在环状手动旋转部和壳体上 部之间, 设置第一弹性部件; 在所述旋转滑道的一端, 设置进气口; 在壳体的内部, 设置流道部件; 在壳体的外侧, 设置吸嘴, 在吸嘴的外部, 设置吸嘴套; 所述流道 部件的首端与进气口气路连接, 流道部件的末端与吸嘴气路连接, 在流道部件的水 平部位, 设置进药口; 在倒锥状药粉储存容器的下方, 设置给药计量组件; 所述的 流道部件依次气路连接进气口、 给药计量组件和吸嘴。 具体的,所述的旋转滑道包括并列的上、下旋转滑道和连接上、下旋转滑道首、 末端的第一、 第二升降滑道; 所述的环状手动旋转部在上 /下旋转滑道、 第一 /第二 升降滑道、 滑块和第一弹性部件的引导 /限制 /作用下, 可在上主体件上做限定角度 内的旋转和指定位置的升 /降。
其所述的限定角度为 120度; 所述的指定位置为上、 下旋转滑道的首、 末端位 置。
在所述下水平滑道的壳体上, 贯穿壳体设置至少一个进气口。
其所述的给药计量组件包括带有中心轴的定量给药盘、 位于定量给药盘下方的 弹簧盖、 位于下主体件和弹簧盖之间的第二弹性部件; 所述中心轴的首端, 贯穿上 主体件的上部设置, 在中心轴穿出上主体件上部的轴首端, 设置三角键; 在所述环 状手动旋转部的中间, 对应设置三角槽孔; 所述中心轴的末端, 可转动地与下主体 件连接; 在所述定量给药盘朝向倒锥状药粉储存容器的一面, 设置三个给药凹槽, 所述的给药凹槽沿圆周均布在定量给药盘上; 所述流道部件的进药口位置, 与三个 给药凹槽所在的分布圆周对应设置。
进一步的, 在所述定量给药盘的圆周上均布设置三个弹性定位卡, 在下主体件 的内侧, 对应设置三个定位凹槽, 所述的弹性定位卡和定位凹槽相匹配, 在定量给 药盘转动的过程中, 保证每次定量给药盘转动的角度为圆周的三分之一, 同时给使 用者一个明确的"旋转到位"信号。
其所述的第一弹性部件或第二弹性部件为弹簧。
在其所述上主体件的上部, 设置由干燥管和位于干燥管中的颗粒状吸潮剂构成 的干燥组件, 所述干燥管的开口与倒锥状药粉储存容器的出口同向; 所述的干燥组 件与倒锥状药粉储存容器相对壳体的纵向中心轴线成 120度夹角设置; 所述干燥组 件或倒锥状药粉储存容器的出口, 与给药计量组件之定量给药盘上三个给药凹槽所 在的分布圆周对应设置。
其在所述的环状手动旋转部上, 设置定位凸起, 当吸嘴套处于 "盖合 "状态时, 所述的定位凸起和吸嘴套相互配合, 阻止环状手动旋转部与上主体件之间发生转 动, 构成防误操作机械结构。 本发明还提供了一种上述干粉给药装置的吸入给药过程,其采用"装药 → 待吸 → 干燥"的操作顺序和步骤, 对各个给药凹槽采取 "先干燥、 再装药"的运行模式, 既保证了定量给药盘每次转动的角度, 又可给使用者一个明确的"旋转到位"信号, 方便了使用和操作。
具体的, 本发明的技术方案还提供了一种如权利要求 1所述的干粉给药装置, 其特征是所述的干粉给药装置按照如下步骤完成整个吸入给药过程-
A、 移开吸嘴套;
B、 手动逆时针旋转环状手动旋转部, 至 120度极限位置;
C、 环状手动旋转部向上自动弹起;
D、 手动反向旋转环状手动旋转部, 至反向极限 120度位置;
E、 使用者经吸嘴吸入药粉;
F、 手动按下环状手动旋转部;
G、 盖上吸嘴套。
进一步的, 在所述的整个吸入给药过程, 所述的干粉给药装置按照下述顺序完 成整个"干燥一供药一给药"过程:
Al、 移开吸嘴套, 解除对环状手动旋转部的防误转动机械限制;
Bl、 手动逆时针旋转环状手动旋转部, 至 120度极限位置, 所述给药计量组件 中定量给药盘的第一给药凹槽接受倒锥状药粉储存容器的供药, 实现定量供药;
C1 , 环状手动旋转部向上自动弹起, 进气口打开, 具备吸入给药条件; 同时, 所述给药计量组件之中心轴首端的三角键进入环状手动旋转部中部的三角槽孔, 为 定量给药盘的下一次转动提供先决条件;
Dl、 手动反向旋转环状手动旋转部, 至反向极限 120度位置, 储有药粉的第一 给药凹槽对准流道部件的进药口,完成供药过程,使使用者吸入药粉具备先决条件;
E1、使用者经吸嘴吸入药粉,用于运载药粉的气体从进气口进入干粉给药装置, 沿流道部件至进药口, 将定量给药盘第一给药凹槽中的药粉经吸嘴送入使用者口 腔, 完成给药过程;
Fl、 手动按下环状手动旋转部, 所述给药计量组件中定量给药盘的第二给药凹 槽与干燥组件位置对准, 接受干燥, 做好下一次供药的先期准备;
Gl、 盖上吸嘴套, 恢复对环状手动旋转部的防误转动机械限制。 本发明又提供了一种上述干粉给药装置的振动给药装置, 包括由上主体件和下 主体件组合构成的壳体, 在壳体中设置有药粉储存容器和给药计量组件, 在壳体的 外侧设置吸嘴, 在壳体的内部设置流道部件, 流道部件依次气路连接进气口、 给药 计量组件和吸嘴; 其特征是: 在壳体的上部, 设置有倒锥状药粉储存容器; 在壳体 的上部外周, 设置有一环状手动旋转部; 在所述倒锥状药粉储存容器的下方, 设置 有包括中心转轴和定量给药盘的给药计量组件; 其所述给药计量组件的中心转轴与 所述的环状手动旋转部连接; 在所述倒锥状药粉储存容器下部, 设置一个凸起振动 齿; 在所述环状手动旋转部的下端, 设置一个传动套筒; 所述传动套筒的上端与环 状手动旋转部固接; 所述的传动套筒同轴心地套装在中心轴上; 在所述传动套筒的 下端, 设置一个拨动齿轮; 所述的凸起振动齿与拨动齿轮配合, 构成一个可使倒锥 状药粉储存容器出口产生振动的振动组件。
具体的, 当所述环状手动旋转部发生旋转或升降时, 所述的传动套筒及其下端 的拨动齿轮同步地随环状手动旋转部旋转或升降。
当所述的传动套筒在环状手动旋转部的带动下转动时, 所述的振动组件使倒锥 状药粉储存容器的出口产生振动。
进一步的, 当所述的环状手动旋转部处于原位或下降位置时, 所述的拨动齿轮 与凸起振动齿接触 /啮合, 随着环状手动旋转部的旋转, 所述拨动齿轮旋转, 其上 的拨动齿带动凸起振动齿振动, 进而带动倒锥状药粉储存容器下部出口振动, 实现 "振动给药" 的功能。
当所述的环状手动旋转部处于上升位置或弹起位置时, 所述的传动套筒及其下 端的拨动齿轮同步地随着环状手动旋转部同步上升, 所述的拨动齿轮与凸起振动齿 脱离接触。
在所述拨动齿轮的至少三分之一圆周上, 设置分布有拨动齿, 拨动齿轮上有拨 动齿的轮周段与凸起振动齿水平位置对应地设置, 确保在拨动齿轮转动角度范围 内, 该轮周段上的拨动齿始终可与凸起振动齿接触。 与现有技术比较, 本发明的优点是-
1. 载气通路采用双重全密封结构, 只有当吸嘴套处于"移开"状态且环状手动旋 转部经过第一次旋转后弹起的这段短暂的时间范围内, 本干粉给药装置的载气通路 的进口与出口才与外界空气相通,在使用者吸入药粉、手动按下环状手动旋转部后, 载气通路与外界空气的"相通"状态又被切断, 避免了"当保护性外罩 /壳打开期间, 载气通路处于一直与外界相通的'常开'状态"的问题, 减少了粉剂容器中药剂干粉的 受潮和结块的机会和可能;
2. 设置了三个给药凹槽结构, 由于其是凹槽而不是通孔,能够避免发生"漏粉" 或 "超剂量"给药的问题; 3. 通过设置干燥组件, 在每次加药粉前, 对药粉计量组件 /结构 (具体是定量 给药盘的各个给药凹槽) 进行干燥, 随着定量给药盘的不断转动, 每次移到倒锥状 药粉储存容器的出口下方的某个给药凹槽, 总是经过干燥过的; 通过对各个给药凹 槽采取 "先干燥、 再装药"的运行模式, 进一步保证了给药剂量的准确;
4. 设置倒锥状药粉储存容器和在倒锥状药粉储存容器的出口设置振动给药单 元结构, 确保了给药剂量的计量准确;
5. 采用振动齿轮 一 凸起齿的振动方式, 与弹性部件无关, 不受药粉储存量变 化的影响;
6. 干粉给药装置采用"装药 → 待吸 → 干燥"的操作顺序、 步骤, 对各个给药 凹槽采取"先干燥、 再装药"的运行模式, 完成整个吸入给药过程, 实现了药粉剂量 的较准确计量;
7. 设置有环状手动旋转部的防误转动机械限制, 阻止环状手动旋转部与上主体 件之间发生非正常转动, 保证了载气通路的密封效果, 防止了意外供药, 杜绝了所 储存药粉的非正常损耗。 附图概述
图 1是本发明干粉给药装置的剖面结构示意图;
图 2是本发明干粉给药装置的立体分解结构示意图;
图 3是干燥组件和倒锥状药粉储存容器的结构示意图;
图 4是流道部件的结构示意图;
图 5是上主体件上旋转 /升降滑道及进气口位置的结构示意图;
图 6是三角键、 环状手动旋转部、 中心轴及传动套筒离合组件的结构示意图; 图 7是三角键、 环状手动旋转部和中心轴之间的传动结构示意图;
图 8是振动给药单元的结构示意图;
图 9是振动组件的结构示意图;
图 10为环状手动旋转部逆时针旋转操作示意图;
图 11是环状手动旋转部顺时针操作示意图;
图 12 是压下环状手动旋转部, 结束给药操作示意图。
图中 1为中心轴, 1-1为中心轴孔, 2为定位凸起, 3为环状手动旋转部, 8为 上主体件, 10为流道部件, 10-1 为流道的首端, 10-2为流道的末端, 10-3 为流道 的进药口, 11为吸嘴, 12为进气口, 13为定量给药盘, 14为给药凹槽, 15为弹 簧盖, 16为下主体件, 17为干燥管, 19为倒锥状药粉储存容器, 20为第二弹簧, 21 为凸起振动齿, 23 为旋转滑道, 23-1 为上旋转滑道, 23-2为下旋转滑道, 23-3 为第一升降滑道, 23-4为第二升降滑道, 24 为弹性定位卡, 25为第一弹簧, 26为 滑块, 27为传动套筒, 28为拨动齿轮, 29为下主体件上的定位凹槽, 30为三角键, 31为三角槽孔。 具体实施方式
图 1和图 2中, 本干粉给药装置由上主体件 8和下主体件 16组合构成壳体。 在壳体的上部, 设置倒锥状药粉储存容器 (参见图 3中所示的部件 21 ), 在壳 体的上部外周, 设置一环状手动旋转部 3, 在壳体上部的外表面, 设置旋转滑道 23, 在环状手动旋转部的内侧, 对应设置滑块 26, 在环状手动旋转部和壳体上部之间, 设置第一弹性部件 25, 在旋转滑道所在的壳体上, 设置进气口 12, 在壳体的内部, 设置流道部件 10, 在壳体的外侧, 设置吸嘴 11, 在吸嘴的外部, 设置吸嘴套。
在倒锥状药粉储存容器的下方, 设置包括带有中心轴 1的定量给药盘 13、位于 定量给药盘下方的弹簧盖 15、 位于下主体件和弹簧盖之间的第二弹簧 20的给药计 量组件。
在倒锥状药粉储存容器的出口, 设置由设置在倒锥状药粉储存容器下部的凸起 振动齿 21和设置在传动套筒 27下端的拨动齿轮 28构成的振动给药组件(参见图 8 或图 9所示)。
其流道部件依次气路连接进气口、 给药计量组件和吸嘴。
在定量给药盘上设置给药凹槽 14, 所述的给药凹槽沿圆周均布设置。
给药凹槽与倒锥状药粉储存容器的出口底面紧贴; 药粉从倒锥状药粉储存容器 中流入定量给药盘的给药凹槽, 装满即为使用者一次吸入药剂所需的给药剂量 (业 内简称为"一个剂量")。
由于给药凹槽不是通孔, 所以当中心转轴转动带动定量给药盘转动, 实施给药 的过程中, 就避免了"超剂量"给药的问题, 达到了准确计量的目的。
在定量给药盘的圆周上均布设置三个弹性定位卡 24, 在下主体件的内侧, 对应 设置三个定位凹槽 29,弹性定位卡和定位凹槽相配合,在定量给药盘转动的过程中, 给使用者一个明确的旋转到位信号, 同时, 保证每次定量给药盘转动的角度为一个 圆周的三分之一。
前述的第一弹性部件或第二弹性部件为弹簧。 图 3中, 在壳体 (图中为上主体件 8) 的上部, 出口向下地设置有一个倒锥状 药粉储存容器 19。
同时, 在壳体的上部, 还设置有干燥组件, 干燥组件包括与倒锥状药粉储存容 器的出口同方向开口的干燥管 17和位于壳体中的颗粒状吸潮剂。
干燥组件与倒锥状药粉储存容器相对于壳体的纵向中心轴线 (图中以中心轴的 轴孔 1-1的中心线来代表纵向中心轴线) 成 120度夹角设置。
其给药凹槽与干燥组件和倒锥状药粉储存容器的出口相对应地设置在同一半 径的水平圆周上; 换句话说, 干燥组件或倒锥状药粉储存容器的出口, 与图 2中定 量给药盘 13的三个给药凹槽 14所在的水平分布圆周对应设置。
当某个给药凹槽随着定量给药盘的转动, 到达倒锥状药粉储存容器的出口下方 时, 倒锥状药粉储存容器中的干粉药剂被灌入该给药凹槽, 由于给药凹槽与倒锥状 药粉储存容器的出口底面紧贴, 且给药凹槽不是通孔, 所以当中心轴转动带动定量 给药盘转动, 实施给药的过程中, 就避免了 "漏粉" 和"超剂量"给药的问题, 达到 了准确给药的目的。
同样, 当某个给药凹槽随着定量给药盘的转动, 到达干燥组件管状壳体开口下 方时, 由于管状壳体内装有干燥剂, 所以该给药凹槽将得到干燥。
根据定量给药盘的转动方向, 决定了任意一个给药凹槽将首先经过干燥组件管 状壳体开口下方 (干燥), 再经过倒锥状药粉储存容器的出口下方 (装药), 最后经 过流道部件下方的进药口 (吸药); 所以, 在一次使用者吸药粉的完整过程中, 三 个给药凹槽一直在循环转动 (实际上是给药凹槽所在的定量给药盘在作定向循环转 动), 进而即可实现"干燥、 装药粉、 吸药粉 "的整个动作过程。
图 4中, 流道部件 10为一首、 末端开口, 且在中间水平段的下面也开有进药 口的, 为载药气体提供强制流向 /流道的气道构件.
其中, 流道部件的首端 10-1与图 1中位于上壳体上的进气口(图中以 12标注) 气路连接, 流道部件的末端 10-2与图 1中的吸嘴 11气路连接, 在流道部件中间段 / 水平部位的下面, 设置有开口朝下的进药口 10-3 (因为其开口朝下, 图中仅以标注 示出)。
流道部件的进药口位置, 与定量给药转盘的三个给药凹槽所在的分布圆周对应 设置, 与定量给药转盘的给药凹槽紧贴且对准。
由图 2所示可知, 流道部件依次气路连接进气口、 给药计量组件 (实际是定量 给药盘的给药凹槽) 和吸嘴。 由于流道整个采用弧线设计, 所以不存在任何死角, 不会有残留药粉, 从而保 证了给药量的精确。
图 5中,设置于壳体上部的外表面(实际为上主体 8的外表面)的旋转滑道(图 1中以 23标注), 包括并列的上旋转滑道 23-1、 下旋转滑道 23-2、 连接上、 下旋转 滑道首、 末端的第一升降滑道 23-3和第二升降滑道 23-4。
在环状手动旋转部的内侧面, 对应设置有滑块 26 (参见图 1 中所标注的部件
26)。
在图 1中所示的环状手动旋转部 3, 在本图所示之上 /下旋转滑道、第一 /第二升 降滑道、 滑块和第一弹性部件的引导 /限制 /作用下, 可在上主体件 8 上做限定角度 内的旋转和指定位置的升 /降。
上述的限定角度为 120度。
上述的指定位置为上、 下旋转滑道的首、 末端位置。
更进一步的, 在下水平滑道的壳体上, 设置有进气口 12。
采用上述结构后, 只有当吸嘴套 11-1 处于 "移开"状态且环状手动旋转部经过 第一次旋转后向上弹起的这段短暂的时间范围内, 本干粉给药装置的载气通路 (进 气口 → 流道 → 吸嘴) 才与外界空气相通。
在使用者吸入药粉、手动按下环状手动旋转部后,载气通路与外界空气的"相通" 状态又被切断, 从而解决了现有干粉给药装置当保护性外罩 /壳打开期间, 载气通路 处于一直与外界相通的"常开"状态的问题, 减少了粉剂容器中药剂干粉的受潮和结 块的机会和可能。
图 6中, 振动给药组件包括设置在倒锥状药粉储存容器下部的凸起振动齿 (参 见图 3中所示) 和设置在传动套筒 27下端的拨动齿轮 28, 传动套筒的上端与环状 手动旋转部 3固接, 传动套筒同轴心地套装在中心轴上 (参见图 1所示)。
当所述环状手动旋转部发生旋转或升降时, 传动套筒及其下端的拨动齿轮同步 地随环状手动旋转部旋转或升降。 当传动套筒在环状手动旋转部的带动下转动时, 振动组件使倒锥状药粉储存容器的出口产生振动。
换句话说, 在传动套筒旋转过程中, 振动组件的拨动齿轮与凸起振动齿不停地 碰撞, 达到敲击倒锥状药粉储存容器出药口、 使药粉流动流畅、 给药剂量计量准确 的功能效果。
图 7中, 中心轴 1的首端, 贯穿上主体件 8和环状手动旋转部 3的上部设置, 在中心轴穿出环状手动旋转部顶部的轴首端, 设置有三角键 30。 在环状手动旋转部顶部的中间, 对应设置三角槽孔 31。
当环状手动旋转部 3在旋转滑道和第一弹簧的引导和作用下, 旋转 /上升后, 设 置在中心轴首端的三角键正好嵌入三角槽孔中, 则此时环状手动旋转部的转动, 通 过三角槽孔一三角键的传动结构, 带动中心轴转动, 进而带动定量给药盘转动。
当环状手动旋转部在外力向下的作用下下降时, 三角键从三角槽孔中脱出, 则此时环状手动旋转部的转动不会传导到定量给药盘, 从而实现了给药计量组件 (中心轴一 定量给药盘)的定向转动, 为实现 "干燥→供药 → 给药"过程创造了 先决条件。
由本图还可见, 与中心轴固接的定量给药盘 13 上, 均布设置有三个给药凹槽
14。
图 8和图 9中, 在拨动齿轮 28的至少三分之一圆周上, 设置分布有拨动齿, 拨动齿轮上有拨动齿的轮周段与凸起振动齿 21 的水平位置对应地设置, 确保在拨 动齿轮转动角度范围内, 该轮周段上的拨动齿始终可与凸起振动齿接触。
由于凸起振动齿是固定设置在倒锥状药粉储存容器下部的, 而拨动齿轮 28 设 置在传动套筒 27下端, 传动套筒的上端又与环状手动旋转部 3 固接, 故只有当环 状手动旋转部处于原位或下降位置时, 拨动齿轮才与凸起振动齿接触, 随着环状手 动旋转部的旋转, 拨动齿轮旋转, 其上的拨动齿带动凸起振动齿振动, 进而带动倒 锥状药粉储存容器下部出口振动, 实现振动给药的功能。
当环状手动旋转部处于上升位置或弹起位置时, 传动套筒及其下端的拨动齿轮 同步地随着环状手动旋转部同步上升, 此时的拨动齿轮与凸起振动齿脱离接触。
由图 8还可见, 在定量给药盘 13的圆周上均布设置三个弹性定位卡 24, 在下 主体件的内侧, 对应设置三个定位凹槽 29, 弹性定位卡和定位凹槽相配合, 在定量 给药盘转动的过程中, 给使用者一个明确的旋转到位信号, 同时, 保证每次定量给 药盘转动的角度为一个圆周的三分之一。
由图 8还可知, 干燥组件 (图中以干燥管 17表示) 与倒锥状药粉储存容器的 出口 19相对于壳体的纵向中心轴线成 120度夹角设置。
实际上图 8给出的是从上向下观察到的定量给药盘及其上方的振动给药组件之 间的结构位置关系, 图 9给出的是在定量给药盘所在平面, 从下向上观察到的上主 体件下端部及其振动给药组件之间的结构位置关系。 本技术方案之干粉给药装置, 按照如下步骤完成整个吸入给药过程: 第一步, 移开吸嘴套, 解除对环状手动旋转部的防误转动机械限制。
在环状手动旋转部上设置有定位凸起 2, 这是为了防止使用者在未取下吸嘴套 前就转动环状手动旋转部这样的误操作出现。
第二步, 如图 10中所示, 使用者将环状手动旋转部 3逆时针旋转至 120度极 限位置。
当环状手动旋转部发生旋转时, 其下方固接的传动套筒及其下端的拨动齿轮同 步地随环状手动旋转部旋转。
当传动套筒在环状手动旋转部的带动下转动时, 拨动齿轮与凸起振动齿接触 / 啮合, 随着环状手动旋转部的旋转, 拨动齿轮旋转, 其上的拨动齿带动凸起振动齿 振动, 进而带动倒锥状药粉储存容器下部出口振动, 实现 "振动给药" 的功能。
此时给药计量组件中定量给药盘的第一给药凹槽接受倒锥状药粉储存容器的 供药, 实现定量供药。
在旋转 120度的时候, 环状手动旋转部的内壁上有一突出滑块 (即前述的滑块 26), 它会沿着上主体件中的滑道里的下旋转滑道, 从左下角逆时针划到右下角, 整个过程 120度。
第三步, 如图 11中所示, 环状手动旋转部 3向上自动弹起, 进气口 12露出, 具备吸入给药条件。
当滑块到达下旋转滑道右下角的位置时, 由于有第一弹簧的作用, 所以整个环 状手动旋转部 3将被弹起, 下旋转滑道下面设置有贯通壳体 8的进气口 12, 此时的 进气口暴露在空气之下, 所以进气口由此接入大气, 达到使使用者能吸入药粉的效 果。
当环状手动旋转部 3被弹起时, 环状手动旋转部的三角槽孔 (见图 7中的标号 31之部件) 上升, 正好与三角键(见图 7或图 10中的标号 30之部件) 啮合, 此时 环状手动旋转部上与之一体的传动套筒及其下端的拨动齿轮同步上升, 使拨动齿轮 与凸起振动齿脱离接触。
第四步, 再次将环状手动旋转部沿顺时针方向旋转至 120度极限位置。
如图 11中所示, 此时使用者再将环状手动旋转部 3顺时针旋转 120度,环状手 动旋转部内侧的滑块将在上旋转滑道上滑到左上角, 而由于三角键与三角槽孔的啮 合, 转动的 120度带动定量盘转动相应的 120度, 使装满药粉的给药凹槽正好移入 流道下面的进药口, 完成供药过程, 使使用者吸入药粉具备先决条件。
第五步, 吸入药粉, 完成给药过程。 使用者经吸嘴吸入药粉, 用于运载药粉的气体从进气口进入干粉给药装置, 沿 流道部件至进药口, 将定量给药盘第一给药凹槽中的药粉经吸嘴送入使用者口腔, 完成给药过程。
第六步, 给药凹槽接受干燥, 做好下一次供药的先期准备。
如图 12中所示, 使用者只需压下环状手动旋转部 3, 使前述的三角块与三角槽 脱离, 则环状手动旋转部也处在了初始位置, 以供使用者下次使用。
最后, 再套上吸嘴套, 恢复对环状手动旋转部的防误转动机械限制, 同时实现 对进气口的密封, 整个用药过程就结束了。
如此依次循环,在以后不断的使用中,定量盘的三个给药凹槽一直顺时针旋转, 不停的处于"振动装药 → 待吸→干燥"这样一个过程中。 以上的各实施例仅仅是用来解释和说明本发明的, 而并非用作对本发明技术方 案的限定; 本领域的普通技术人员应当认识到, 只要在本发明的实质精神范围内, 对以上实施例的变化、 变形, 都将落在本发明权利要求所要求的保护范围内。 工业应用性
本技术方案采用对吸嘴与进风口的双重全密封结构,且对各个给药凹槽采取"先 干燥、 再装药"的运行模式, 避免了粉剂容器中药剂干粉的受潮和结块, 实现了较准 确计量药粉剂量的功能。
同时,本技术方案通过环状手动旋转部的转动 /升降,带动定量给药盘顺序转动, 为各个给药凹槽的"先干燥、 再装药 "创造了先决条件。
此外, 本技术方案中在倒锥状药粉储存容器下部设置了振动组件结构, 在倒锥 状药粉储存容器的出口形成振动, 实现了 "振动给药" 的功能。
再者, 本技术方案中通过在定量给药盘和下主体件之间设置弹性定位卡和定位 凹槽, 既保证了定量给药盘每次转动的角度, 又可给使用者一个明确的"旋转到位" 信号, 方便了使用和操作。 本技术方案可适用于各种规格的干粉吸入式给药装置之设计、 制造领域。

Claims

权利 要 求书
1. 一种干粉给药装置, 至少包括流道组件、 药粉储存容器和给药计量组件, 所 述的流道组件包括吸嘴和流道部件, 其特征是- 设置一由上主体件和下主体件组合构成的壳体;
在壳体的上部, 设置倒锥状药粉储存容器;
在壳体的上部外周, 设置一环状手动旋转部;
在壳体上部的外表面, 设置旋转滑道, 在环状手动旋转部的内侧, 对应设置 滑块;
在环状手动旋转部和壳体上部之间, 设置第一弹性部件;
在所述旋转滑道的一端, 设置进气口;
在壳体的内部, 设置流道部件;
在壳体的外侧, 设置吸嘴, 在吸嘴的外部, 设置吸嘴套;
所述流道部件的首端与进气口气路连接, 流道部件的末端与吸嘴气路连接, 在流道部件的水平部位, 设置进药口;
在倒锥状药粉储存容器的下方, 设置给药计量组件;
所述的流道部件依次气路连接进气口、 给药计量组件和吸嘴。
2. 按照权利要求 1所述的干粉给药装置,其特征是所述的旋转滑道包括并列的 上、 下旋转滑道和连接上、 下旋转滑道首、 末端的第一、 第二升降滑道; 所述的环 状手动旋转部在上 /下旋转滑道、 第一 /第二升降滑道、 滑块和第一弹性部件的引导 / 限制 /作用下, 可在上主体件上做限定角度内的旋转和指定位置的升 /降。
3. 按照权利要求 2所述的干粉给药装置, 其特征是所述的限定角度为 120度; 所述的指定位置为上、 下旋转滑道的首、 末端位置。
4. 按照权利要求 1或 2所述的干粉给药装置,其特征是在所述下水平滑道的壳 体上, 贯穿壳体设置至少一个进气口。
5. 按照权利要求 1所述的干粉给药装置,其特征是所述的给药计量组件包括带 有中心轴的定量给药盘、 位于定量给药盘下方的弹簧盖、 位于下主体件和弹簧盖之 间的第二弹性部件;
所述中心轴的首端, 贯穿上主体件的上部设置, 在中心轴穿出上主体件上部 的轴首端, 设置三角键; 在所述环状手动旋转部的中间, 对应设置三角槽孔;
所述中心轴的末端, 可转动地与下主体件连接;
在所述定量给药盘朝向倒锥状药粉储存容器的一面, 设置三个给药凹槽, 所 述的给药凹槽沿圆周均布在定量给药盘上;
所述流道部件的进药口位置, 与三个给药凹槽所在的分布圆周对应设置。
6. 按照权利要求 5所述的干粉给药装置,其特征是在所述定量给药盘的圆周上 均布设置三个弹性定位卡, 在下主体件的内侧, 对应设置三个定位凹槽, 所述的弹 性定位卡和定位凹槽相匹配, 在定量给药盘转动的过程中, 保证每次定量给药盘转 动的角度为圆周的三分之一, 同时给使用者一个明确的 "旋转到位"信号。
7. 按照权利要求 1 所述的干粉给药装置, 其特征是所述的第一弹性部件为弹 簧。
8. 按照权利要求 5 所述的干粉给药装置, 其特征是所述的第二弹性部件为弹 簧。
9. 按照权利要求 1所述的干粉给药装置, 其特征是在所述上主体件的上部, 设 置由干燥管和位于干燥管中的颗粒状吸潮剂构成的干燥组件, 所述干燥管的开口与 倒锥状药粉储存容器的出口同向; 所述的干燥组件与倒锥状药粉储存容器相对壳体 的纵向中心轴线成 120度夹角设置; 所述干燥组件或倒锥状药粉储存容器的出口, 与给药计量组件之定量给药盘上三个给药凹槽所在的分布圆周对应设置。
10. 按照权利要求 1所述的干粉给药装置, 其特征是在所述的环状手动旋转部 上, 设置定位凸起, 当吸嘴套处于 "盖合"状态时, 所述的定位凸起和吸嘴套相互 配合, 阻止环状手动旋转部与上主体件之间发生转动, 构成防误操作机械结构。
11. 一种如权利要求 1所述的干粉给药装置, 其特征是所述的干粉给药装置按 照如下步骤完成整个吸入给药过程-
A、 移开吸嘴套;
B、 手动逆时针旋转环状手动旋转部, 至 120度极限位置;
C、 环状手动旋转部向上自动弹起;
D、 手动反向旋转环状手动旋转部, 至反向极限 120度位置;
E、 患者经吸嘴吸入药粉;
F、 手动按下环状手动旋转部;
G、 盖上吸嘴套。
12. 按照权利要求 10所述的干粉给药装置,其特征是在所述的整个吸入给药过 程, 所述的干粉给药装置按照下述顺序完成整个 "干燥一供药一给药"过程-
Al、 移开吸嘴套, 解除对环状手动旋转部的防误转动机械限制;
Bl、 手动逆时针旋转环状手动旋转部, 至 120度极限位置, 所述给药计量组 件中定量给药盘的第一给药凹槽接受倒锥状药粉储存容器的供药, 实现定量供药; C1 ,环状手动旋转部向上自动弹起, 进气口打开, 具备吸入给药条件; 同时, 所述给药计量组件之中心轴首端的三角键进入环状手动旋转部中部的三角槽孔, 为 定量给药盘的下一次转动提供先决条件;
Dl、 手动反向旋转环状手动旋转部, 至反向极限 120度位置, 储有药粉的第 一给药凹槽对准流道部件的进药口,完成供药过程,使患者吸入药粉具备先决条件;
El、患者经吸嘴吸入药粉,用于运载药粉的气体从进气口进入干粉给药装置, 沿流道部件至进药口, 将定量给药盘第一给药凹槽中的药粉经吸嘴送入患者口腔, 完成给药过程;
F1 , 手动按下环状手动旋转部, 所述给药计量组件中定量给药盘的第二给药 凹槽与干燥组件位置对准, 接受干燥, 做好下一次供药的先期准备;
Gl、 盖上吸嘴套, 恢复对环状手动旋转部的防误转动机械限制。
13. 一种如权利要求 1所述干粉给药装置的振动给药装置, 包括由上主体件和 下主体件组合构成的壳体, 在壳体中设置有药粉储存容器和给药计量组件, 在壳体 的外侧设置吸嘴, 在壳体的内部设置流道部件, 流道部件依次气路连接进气口、 给 药计量组件和吸嘴; 其特征是- 在壳体的上部, 设置有倒锥状药粉储存容器;
在壳体的上部外周, 设置有一环状手动旋转部;
在所述倒锥状药粉储存容器的下方, 设置有包括中心转轴和定量给药盘的给 药计量组件;
其所述给药计量组件的中心转轴与所述的环状手动旋转部连接;
在所述倒锥状药粉储存容器下部, 设置一个凸起振动齿;
在所述环状手动旋转部的下端, 设置一个传动套筒;
所述传动套筒的上端与环状手动旋转部固接;
所述的传动套筒同轴心地套装在中心轴上;
在所述传动套筒的下端, 设置一个拨动齿轮;
所述的凸起振动齿与拨动齿轮配合, 构成一个可使倒锥状药粉储存容器出口 产生振动的振动组件。
14. 按照权利要求 13所述的干粉给药装置,其特征是当所述环状手动旋转部发 生旋转或升降时, 所述的传动套筒及其下端的拨动齿轮同步地随环状手动旋转部旋 转或升降。
15. 按照权利要求 13所述的干粉给药装置,其特征是当所述的传动套筒在环状 手动旋转部的带动下转动时, 所述的振动组件使倒锥状药粉储存容器的出口产生振 动。
16. 按照权利要求 13所述的干粉给药装置,其特征是当所述的环状手动旋转部 处于原位或下降位置时, 所述的拨动齿轮与凸起振动齿接触 /啮合, 随着环状手动 旋转部的旋转, 所述拨动齿轮旋转, 其上的拨动齿带动凸起振动齿振动, 进而带动 倒锥状药粉储存容器下部出口振动, 实现 "振动给药" 的功能。
17. 按照权利要求 13所述的干粉给药装置,其特征是当所述的环状手动旋转部 处于上升位置或弹起位置时, 所述的传动套筒及其下端的拨动齿轮同步地随着环状 手动旋转部同步上升, 所述的拨动齿轮与凸起振动齿脱离接触。
18. 按照权利要求 13所述的干粉给药装置,其特征是在所述拨动齿轮的至少三 分之一圆周上, 设置分布有拨动齿, 拨动齿轮上有拨动齿的轮周段与凸起振动齿水 平位置对应地设置, 确保在拨动齿轮转动角度范围内, 该轮周段上的拨动齿始终可 与凸起振动齿接触。
PCT/CN2012/076647 2011-06-13 2012-06-08 一种干粉给药装置 WO2012171443A1 (zh)

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