WO2012169991A1 - Éolienne à accumulation d'énergie de pression d'eau hybride et procédé - Google Patents

Éolienne à accumulation d'énergie de pression d'eau hybride et procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012169991A1
WO2012169991A1 PCT/US2011/001021 US2011001021W WO2012169991A1 WO 2012169991 A1 WO2012169991 A1 WO 2012169991A1 US 2011001021 W US2011001021 W US 2011001021W WO 2012169991 A1 WO2012169991 A1 WO 2012169991A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
tower
turbine
shaft
wind turbine
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2011/001021
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kamen George KAMENOV
Original Assignee
Kamenov Kamen George
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Kamenov Kamen George filed Critical Kamenov Kamen George
Priority to PCT/US2011/001021 priority Critical patent/WO2012169991A1/fr
Priority to CN201180071449.1A priority patent/CN103597207B/zh
Publication of WO2012169991A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012169991A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/06—Stations or aggregates of water-storage type, e.g. comprising a turbine and a pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/11—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing electrical energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/005—Installations wherein the liquid circulates in a closed loop ; Alleged perpetua mobilia of this or similar kind
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/13—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing gravitational potential energy
    • F03D9/14—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing gravitational potential energy using liquids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/30—Wind power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to the field of alternative energy generating wind turbines used for generating electricity, and more specifically to hybrid water pressure energy accumulating wind turbine towers modified for storing water as potential energy for immediate or later use as electric energy and for transmission over the grid.
  • the above disclosure sets forth a number of embodiments of the present invention. Other arrangements or embodiments, not precisely set forth, could be practiced under the teaching of the present invention and as set forth in the following claims BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  • Natural energy is available throughout the world in various forms such as wind, solar, tidal and wave energy. Wind turbines have been used for production of electricity although such use has typically been limited to the production of small amounts of direct current (DC) electricity.
  • DC direct current
  • HAWT horizontal-axis wind turbine
  • VAWT vertical- axis
  • Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy of the wind into
  • the horizontal-axis type machines in addition to the tower and the foundation include:
  • - Blades which consist of aluminum reinforced with fiberglass. They have a heavy composite cross section which now reaches 8 cm for 2 to 3 MW production machines.
  • a hub which connects the blades to the low-speed shaft.
  • the hub transmits the torque developed by the rotor blades to the shaft.
  • a pitch-control assembly for tilting the blades in the hub in order to properly adjust them to the so-called termeangle of attack" of the wind. This means that the total surface area of the blade's assembly facing the wind changes. When the wind is weak, the surface gets bigger. When the wind is strong, each blade turns on its base and the total surface area gets smaller to reduce the wind pressure in order for the blade assembly to rotate with a constant speed.
  • a brake designed to stop the spinning main shaft in case of high winds. Usually a disc brake, similar to the one in automobiles.
  • [0018] A gearbox that converts the shaft's high-torque low-speed motion into low-torque high-speed motion that fits the electric generator's requirement.
  • the shaft rotates on average at about 12 to 22 rpm while the generator requires approximately 1 ,800 rpm.
  • a nacelle consisting of a cabin that houses all of the above mentioned elements.
  • the nacelle In modern turbines the nacelle is often of the size of a school bus or bigger.
  • the nacelle sits atop a tower, such as a tubular steel or concrete tower or a lattice tower.
  • a tower such as a tubular steel or concrete tower or a lattice tower.
  • the wind energy typically exponentially increases with the height.
  • a yaw assembly whose function is to support the entire machine assembly inside the nacelle on top of the tower and to permit its rotation for alignment with the wind.
  • the lifted water is stored as potential energy.
  • the water is used to generate electricity.
  • His invention addresses the problem of storing wind energy as water potential energy.
  • it has the disadvantage of converting wind energy to hydraulic power. Therefore, Hanley's invention, assuming its technical feasibility, involves elaborate equipment and requires high initial costs.
  • Siemens Energy is now testing a new type of wind turbine that works without a gearbox.
  • the main benefit of the new unit lies in its more simplified design, which requires fewer machine components, and will therefore result in lower maintenance costs and a higher level of reliability. This is especially important for offshore facilities, where turbine breakdowns are always very expensive.
  • the project is in a research phase for two years and will enable Siemens Energy to determine whether or not the units without gearboxes will be able to compete with conventional models and, if so, in which performance classes. Wind turbines without gearboxes are generally heavier than
  • Wind energy is only available when the wind is blowing within a particular range of wind speeds, i.e., the turbine cannot operate at wind speeds (also called velocities) below the minimum speed and cannot safely operate above the maximum speed.
  • the minimum speed is 7-8 km/h and the maximum speed is 60km/h.
  • the wind energy is only available intermittently. Further, wind power is dependent on the location because it is only seasonal in many areas of the world.
  • Each has its own pitch-control assembly. Some smaller turbines are without said assembly. They have a so-called fixed pitch wind turbine rotor.
  • a fixed pitch wind turbine rotor is a simplification at a lower cost over that of a controllable blade pitch wind turbine rotor.
  • a fixed pitch rotor is harder to start because the blade pitch for efficient operation is different from that for good starting.
  • a proposed solution to bring the wind turbine rotor up to operating speed is to use its own generator as a motor during startup.
  • a fixed pitch turbine rotor is designed to stall in high winds in order to limit rotor torque and not to damage the generator. This invention eliminates the pitch-control assembly.
  • HAWT horizontal-axis wind turbines
  • the electric generating equipment is installed atop the tower.
  • the present day towers are very tall which makes installation difficult and sometime impossible in remote and high elevation locations because there are not adequate roads for big cranes to get there to deliver and install the heavy equipment.
  • high elevations are the best for harvesting wind energy because of continuous high winds there.
  • the blades are also subject to high vibrations during wind gusts and often bend or break apart. All of this shortens the equipment's life span.
  • Another object of the present invention is to utilize all wind potential, weak and strong and more remote and high location areas.
  • Another object of the present invention is to utilize any type of windmill, vertical-axis or horizontal-axis.
  • Another object of the present invention is to harness the wind energy in an economical way and to improve productivity and cost effectiveness of the wind turbines.
  • Another object of the present invention is to utilize the advantages of less expensive water pumps to generate electricity compared to the standard current wind electric generators.
  • Another object of the present invention is to have a hybrid wind turbine electricity generating system that converts the wind energy into kinetic water energy to directly drive a generator by means of a turbine thus avoiding the need for a gearbox.
  • Another object of the present invention is to eliminate the use of a nacelle in certain embodiments of the present invention as an unnecessary addition to the tower because of the reduced number and size of the components and therefore the reduced need for protection and maintenance of these components.
  • Another object of the present invention is to enable an easy and fast installation of the system, especially in remote locations, because of the smaller and fewer components.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a system that has the capability of storing water as potential energy in a way that said water can be circulated and returned back into the system to produce electricity for the grid again.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a system that will direct the internally, primary produced wind electricity to operate a water pump lifting low elevation water into high elevation water thus converting it into potential energy for producing secondary electricity ready for the grid or for private use.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide an option for a HAWT with a downwind orientation of the blade's assembly to engage reinforcements for protecting these blades from bending and braking.
  • Another object of the invention is to build wind turbines with fewer and smaller components, which could be easily installed on remote locations without a need for big cranes.
  • Yet another object of the invention in general, is to manage the wind energy to suit the needs for electricity consumption.
  • FIG. 1 A schematically shows a hybrid electric generating system of the present invention utilizing a horizontal-axis wind turbine.
  • FIG. 1B is identical to FIG. 1A except that the gearbox 7 is missing.
  • FIGS. 1C & 1 D are examples of some embodiments of the hybrid electric generating system of the present invention without the nacelle.
  • FIG. 1 E schematically illustrates the hybrid electric generating system of the present invention wherein the large lower water reservoir is positioned underground, under or near the main tower.
  • FIG. 2A schematically shows a hybrid electric generating system of the present invention utilizing a vertical-axis wind turbine.
  • FIG. 2B is identical to FIG. 2A except that the gearbox 7 is missing.
  • FIG. 3A schematically shows a hybrid electric generating system of the present invention utilizing a horizontal-axis wind turbine with a direct rotor to pump mechanical connection for motion transfer utilizing a differential type gearbox wherein the two shafts of said gearbox form a 90 degree angle.
  • FIG. 3B schematically shows a hybrid electric generating system of the present invention utilizing a vertical-axis wind turbine with a direct rotor to pump mechanical connection and not utilizing any gearbox. Everything is the same as in FIG. 3A except that the gearbox 19 and the nacelle 10 are missing.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows a hybrid electric generating system of the present invention utilizing a horizontal-axis wind turbine of FIG. 1 connected via several conduits to a water storage tower with a large water reservoir atop.
  • FIG. 5A schematically shows a funnel-shaped valve with a floating ball inside, during a low water level, for closing the valve if the water level inside container 12 rises.
  • FIG. 5B schematically shows a funnel-shaped valve with a floating ball inside, closing said valve during a high water level.
  • FIG. 6A schematically shows a funnel-shaped valve with a floating funnel-shaped device inside, during a low water level, for closing the valve if the water level inside container 12 rises.
  • FIG. 6B schematically shows a funnel-shaped valve with a floating funnel-shaped device inside, closing said valve during a high water level.
  • FIG. 7A shows the same wind turbine as in FIG. 3A. The only difference is that water pump 22 is now low-positioned inside or near reservoir 11 and shaft 20 is extended downwards to directly connect with said pump.
  • FIG. 7B features a vertical-axis wind turbine. Everything else is the same as in FIG. 7A.
  • FIGS. 8A & 8B show a building 28 within which the system of the present invention is installed using a vertical-axis blade assembly (specifically of FIG. 7B).
  • FIG. 8A the building is shown in transparent view in order for us to see the system of the present invention inside the building.
  • FIG. 9A shows a rotor assembly 4 of a horizontal-axis wind turbine with blades reinforcement support rods 29a, 29b and 29c.
  • FIG. 9B shows a side view of the blades assembly with the support rods of FIG. 9A.
  • FIG. 9C shows a side view of the blades assembly with double-sided support rods.
  • FIG. 9D shows an extended rotor assembly 4 of FIGS. 9B or 9C with additional rods 31a, 31 b & 31c on the outer side, made of rigid hard material or of steel cables of equal size, angularly and fixedly attached on its one end to each one blade or to the rods of FIGS.9B or 9C and on its other end to the rotor shaft of said wind turbine.
  • FIG. 9E shows an extended rotor assembly 4 of FIGS. 9B or 9C with additional rods 31a, 31b & 31c on the inner side, made of rigid hard material or of steel cables of equal size, angularly and fixedly attached on its one end to each one blade or to the rods of FIGS.9B or 9C and on its other end to the rotor shaft of said wind turbine.
  • FIG. 9F shows an extended rotor assembly 4 of FIGS. 9B or 9C with additional rods 31a, 31 b & 31c on the outer side and 31d, 31e & 31f (not showing), made of rigid hard material or of steel cables of equal size, angularly and fixedly attached on its one end to each one blade or to the rods of FIGS.9B or 9C and on its other end to the rotor shaft of said wind turbine.
  • FIG. 9G shows blades reinforcement support where instead of rods, the support consists of one continues circular piece 32 in the form of a wheel.
  • FIG. 0 illustrates a method of building a wind turbine without a crane.
  • FIGs. 11 A & 11 B illustrate the additional large water storage tower assembly 23 and 24 positioned adjacently and fixedly attached and supported by at least two wind turbine towers.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates all of the elements inside the main wind turbine tower 1 located instead inside and around the additional large water storage tower assembly 23 and electrically connected with wires to the main wind turbine.
  • FIGs. 13A & 13B illustrate the tower 1 with the upper water reservoir 12 extended outside and around the tower; --
  • the present invention is directed to wind turbine towers or tower systems configured for storing water in water containers within the tower structure itself and/or next to it and for generating electricity using the potential energy of the stored water.
  • the towers of modern, utility-scale wind turbine tower systems are typically metal or cement structures with a circular cross section that in addition to supporting a nacelle are adapted, according to the present invention, to store water.
  • the tower is modified by providing two or more water containers within the tower or near it and when necessary, reinforcing the tower structure with additional materials.
  • the invention builds on the proximity of water and electrical support equipment to the wind turbine to improve efficiencies by connecting this equipment to the wind turbine power converter. This arrangement avoids the losses and inefficiencies associated with many prior electricity generating designs that include multiple power conversions.
  • the present invention preferably uses a fixed pitch wind turbine rotor.
  • a fixed pitch wind turbine rotor offers a simplification at lower cost over that of a controllable blade pitch wind turbine rotor.
  • a fixed pitch turbine rotor is designed to stall in high winds, to limit rotor's torque. Therefore, the generator must be capable of absorbing the maximum power output the rotor can generate. The rotor in turn must have the capability to not critically overspeed in the event the load is removed from it.
  • the present invention does that by continuously circulating water.
  • An even more important advantage of the present invention is that it produces more power because any wind, weak or strong, may be harnessed. Wind blows at variable speed, sometimes gusting, while the electric generators powered by the wind turbine must rotate at a constant speed because the AC current generated must have a constant frequency. This requires that the blades of the wind turbine be automatically adjusted in order to rotate at a constant speed. This is done by the pitch-control assembly. But the pitch-control doesn't do all the job expected from it. With a conventional wind turbine, when the wind is weak, the turbine doesn't work because there is a minimum starting wind velocity needed. When the wind is too strong, at the maximum wind velocity, the turbine has to be stopped because it will bend or break the blades or it will turn the generator at higher rotations, which will disable it from delivering the required 50 to 60 Hz of AC power for the grid utility system.
  • the pitch-control rotor misses on all of that action. It may keep on turning during high wind and it creates an illusion that it is working hard but it is actually capturing the same amount of energy because it is rotating with the same speed as if the wind speed was low. Most of the wing energy, which we don't see just by looking at it, is lost between the blades.
  • FIG. 1A & 1 B The system also includes features for generating electricity using the stored water, and for distributing the produced electricity.
  • the description then continues with reference to the rest of the FIGURES with more particular discussions of wind turbine tower systems configured according to the invention, showing various techniques for modifying towers for storage and for making use of the stored water.
  • FIGS. 4A, 7A & B and 8A & B a method of designing, fabricating, and operating a wind turbine tower system with in-tower and in-building water storages and additional tower(s) with water storage reservoirs connected to the primary wind turbine is described in detail. At the end, in series of FIGS. 9, needed reinforcements of a fixed blade assembly are shown.
  • FIG. 1A shows a wind turbine assembly comprising a vertically aligned tower 1 firmly attached to the base 2.
  • the blades section which comprises plurality of turbine blades 3, attached to a hub 4.
  • This assembly, the blades with the hub together, is called rotor.
  • Said rotor for the present invention, is preferably a fixed pitch rotor.
  • the nacelle 5 housing the first shaft 6, which transmits the low-speed, high-torque power from the blade's rotor hub 4 to the gearbox 7.
  • the gearbox 7 is basically a transmission which converts the power from said first shaft 6 to the second shaft 8, and transfers the now high-speed, low-torque rotation of shaft 8 to the primary power generator 9.
  • the average speed of the low speed input shaft 6 may vary from 12 to 60 rpm but the required speed for an AC generator to produce electricity is between 1 ,200 to 3,600 rpm. Therefore the high-speed output shaft 8 turns with about this many rotations depending upon the wind conditions and the generator requirements.
  • the generator 9 is a DC generator then the above ratio could be different.
  • a DC generator can produce electricity at any speed.
  • the DC generator is preferable but because there are already so many wind turbine systems on the market with an AC generator incorporated in them and ready for use, an AC generator is acceptable and could be adapted into the system of the present invention.
  • a yaw assembly is permitting a horizontal rotation of the nacelle for alignment with the wind.
  • the yaw assembly is controlled by an electronic control box (not shown) which tells it which way and how much to turn.
  • the control box gets its data from an anemometer and a wind vane (not shown).
  • the anemometer measures the wind speed and the wind vane measures the wind direction.
  • a lower water tank reservoir is shown. This reservoir may be inside the tower, next to the tower, around the tower or underground.
  • an upper water tank reservoir is shown (because it is smaller we will call it a container).
  • This container stores water as a potential energy.
  • Electric motor 13 is coaxially linked to pump 14, which draws water from reservoir 11 and through conduit 15 delivers it to the upper water tank 12.
  • Said water then under pressure passes through the propeller of water turbine 17 via the conduit 16 with a nozzle at the lower end (not shown). The falling water then releases its potential energy into kinetic energy of the spinning turbine shaft.
  • the turbine 17 turns the auxiliary, coaxially connected to it, shaft of an AC generator 18 which then produces electricity for the grid or for private use. After utilizing its kinetic energy the water continues on moving and it is collected back into the lower reservoir 11 ready to be reused.
  • the blades might be fixedly attached to the hub, they could be set to start turning the turbine at a lower wind speed and then keep on turning it at high speeds without having to stop it.
  • a very high wind speed will turn the rotor faster and in turn it will deliver more primary electricity for the internal use of the system, which will then turn faster the pump 14 and overflow the upper water container 12.
  • the overflow water will be returned unused and collected back into the lower reservoir 11.
  • pressure on the turbine 17 and the adjacent second generator 18 will remain constant, thus the same frequency of electricity will be produced at any time, regardless of the wind speed.
  • the rotor doesn't have to stop rotating.
  • FIGS. 1C & 1 D in the drawings a vertical-axis wind turbine is shown, according to the present invention, the nacelle on top of the main tower is removed because of the smaller number and size of the components compared to a standard wind turbine. This may be applied to all embodiments of the invention.
  • FIG. 1 E With reference to FIG. 1 E in the drawings a vertical-axis wind turbine is shown according to the present invention wherein the main reservoir 11 is positioned underground, under or nearby the wind tower. This may be applied to all of the embodiments of the invention.
  • FIGS. 2A & 2B a vertical-axis wind turbine is shown, according to the present invention. Except for the blades and the vertical shaft, everything else in this embodiment is the same as in FIGS. 1A & 1 B.
  • the shaft of the rotor assembly in this embodiment is vertical and it is connected to shaft 6 of the gearbox 7, (FIG. 2A) or directly connected to shaft 8 of the generator 9 (Fig.2B).
  • the gearbox 7, (FIG. 2A) and the generator 9 are also positioned vertically inside the tower's body.
  • FIG. 3A With reference to FIG. 3A in the drawings a horizontal-axis wind turbine according to the present invention is shown. In this embodiment everything is the same as in FIG. 1A except that the gearbox 7 and the generator 9 on the top of the tower assembly 1 are missing and motor 3 and water pump14 connected to the lower reservoir 11 are missing. Instead, shaft 6 from the blade assembly transfers its horizontal rotation into vertical rotation of shaft 20 via a differential type gearbox 21. In this type of gearbox the two shafts 6 and 20 form a 90 degree angle. Shaft 20 passes through the middle of the yaw assembly 10. Said shaft 20 then transmits its rotation directly to the water pump 22. The water pump 22 is connected via the conduit 15 such as a pipe or a hose to the lower reservoir 11. When the wind is blowing the rotation of the blade assembly is directly, mechanically transmitted to the pump 22 which then pumps water from the lower reservoir 11 via said conduit 15 and delivers it into the upper container 12. All other operations of this embodiment are the same as described for the embodiment of FIG. 1 A.
  • FIG. 3B an embodiment of a vertical-axis wind turbine is shown, according to the invention.
  • everything is the same as in FIG. 3A except that the blades are vertical and the rotor is vertical.
  • the differential type gearbox 21 and the yaw assembly 10 have been eliminated because there is no need for them.
  • the turbine has a vertical axis 6, which is linked to shaft 20. Said shaft 20 directly turns the water pump 22. The rest of the operation of this embodiment is the same as for the FIG. 3A.
  • FIG. 4 With reference to FIG. 4 in the drawings a different concept of a wind turbine is presented.
  • a water storage tower 23 with an elevated large water reservoir 24 and a foundation 25.
  • the volume of reservoir 24 is many times the volume of container 12 but smaller then reservoir 11. Reservoir 24 stores water as potential energy for times when there is low wind or no wind.
  • FIG. 4 works as follows: When the wind is blowing and the turbine's rotor is turning an electrical transmission line delivers electricity from the generator 9 to motor 13. Said motor turns the water pump 14, which pumps water from the lower reservoir 11 and via conduit 15 and 15a deposits it into the container 12. When water reaches its maximum
  • valve 28 constantly opens and closes because the water level in said container 12 constantly rises and drops since said water is used to run the hydro-turbine 17 after which it is discharged back into reservoir 11 for reuse. When the water level drops, the valve 28 opens and more water enters inside the container 12, which again rises the water level and closes the valve.
  • FIGS. 5A&B and 6A&B the funnel-shaped valve 27 (28 is the same) and the floating ball 27a or the floating funnel-shaped device 27b inside are shown up and down.
  • the grid attachment 27c at the bottom of the valves. Said grid attachment 27c however allows the water to freely enter and leave said valves.
  • FIG. 7A the wind turbine is the same as in FIG. 3A.
  • water pump 22 is now positioned low, inside or near reservoir 11 and shaft 20 is extended downwards to directly connect with said pump.
  • the advantage of this arrangement is that when said pump 22 is down, it does not transfer its vibrations directly to the tower.
  • shaft 20 is too long.
  • FIG. 7B features a vertical-axis wind turbine. Everything else is the same as in FIG. 7A.
  • FIGS. 8A & 8B show a building 28 utilizing the system of the present invention.
  • said building 28 is transparent and we can see the system of the present invention installed inside.
  • FIG. 7B of a vertical-axis wind turbine is presented but any of the embodiments of the present invention could be utilized.
  • On the top of the building there is a vertical-axis propeller with blades 3, the hub 4 and the shaft 20. All of them form the rotor which via said shaft 20 transfers its rotation, when there is wind, to the pump 22.
  • Said pump lifts water from the lower reservoir 11 into the upper container 12.
  • Said water then runs down conduit 16 and by turning the hydro- turbine 17 and the generator 18 produces electricity for the consumption of the building. If there is an excess of electricity it might be delivered back to the utility grid.
  • buildings with such systems could become partially or fully self sufficient in their own electric power consumption and can even produce electricity for outside use.
  • FIG. 9A shows a rotor assembly 4 of a horizontal-axis wind turbine with blades reinforcement support attachments 29a, 29b and 29c and a tower 1.
  • These blades reinforcement support elements consist of rods of equal size made of rigid hard material such as plastic, wood or metal. They could be flat, round or square tubes with holes 30a, 30b and 30c at each end for bolting them to the blades.
  • the supports rods are fixedly attached to the blades with bolts going through the blades via holes exactly in the axial middle of the blades. All the holes should be exactly on the same place on each blade so that the blade's assembly is evenly balanced. If necessary, support rods may be attached to both sides of the blades and fastened with the same bolts. Blades
  • FIG. 9B shows a side view of the blades assembly with the support rods of FIG. 9A.
  • FIG. 9C shows a side view of the blades assembly with double- sided support rods.
  • FIG. 9D shows an extended rotor assembly 4 of FIGS. 9B or 9C with additional rods 31a, 31 b & 31c on the outer side, made of rigid hard material or of steel cables of equal size, angularly and fixedly attached on its one end to each one blade or to the rods of FIGS.9B or 9C and on its other end to the rotor shaft of said wind turbine.
  • the fixed blades of the present wind turbine may come under such pressure to cause them to bend or break.
  • These angular attachment elements are supposed to hold the blades giving them additional strength and support.
  • FIG. 9E shows an extended rotor assembly 4 of FIGS.
  • FIG. 9F shows an extended rotor assembly 4 of FIGS. 9B or 9C with additional rods 31a, 31 b & 31c on the outer side and 31d, 31e & 31f (not showing), made of rigid hard material or of steel cables of equal size, angularly and fixedly attached on its one end to each one blade or to the rods of FIGS.9B or 9C and on its other end to the rotor shaft of said wind turbine.
  • FIGS. 9G shows blades reinforcement support wherein instead of rods, the support consists of one or more concentric circular pieces 32 in the form of a wheel. These wheel-like elements might be installed on both sides of the blades.
  • FIG.10 schematically shows a method of building and installing the components of a wind turbine without using a crane.
  • the different components because of their smaller size, could be installed through the inside of the tower.
  • a temporarily lattice construction 33 is build on the top of the tower and different components, like the generator 9 on the picture, are tied up with a metal rope or a cable and lifted to the top. After all components are installed the temporarily construction on the top could be removed.
  • This method will enable a more economical construction of wind turbines because the need for a crane or other lifting equipment will be

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention concerne un ensemble tour d'éolienne à accumulation d'énergie de pression d'eau hybride utilisée pour propulser directement des pompes à eau afin de faire passer l'eau d'un ou plusieurs réservoirs de faible élévation à un ou plusieurs réservoirs de haute élévation lorsqu'elle est utilisée comme énergie potentielle. L'ensemble tour d'éolienne comprend une éolienne comprenant une hélice dotée d'un rotor, une génératrice entraînée par le rotor et un ensemble de lacet fixé sur une tour avec une base. La tour comprend des réservoirs de stockage dans la tour conçus pour stocker de l'eau. Les réservoirs de stockage dans la tour peuvent être définis par des récipients de stockage d'eau inférieur et supérieur fixés sur la surface interne ou externe de la tour pouvant être raccordée à un ou plusieurs autres réservoirs voisins. L'éolienne peut être du type à axe vertical ou horizontal et peut être installée à l'intérieur d'un immeuble résidentiel ou commercial. L'eau soulevée est utilisée pour générer de l'électricité au moyen d'une génératrice d'énergie hydroélectrique.
PCT/US2011/001021 2011-06-06 2011-06-06 Éolienne à accumulation d'énergie de pression d'eau hybride et procédé WO2012169991A1 (fr)

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PCT/US2011/001021 WO2012169991A1 (fr) 2011-06-06 2011-06-06 Éolienne à accumulation d'énergie de pression d'eau hybride et procédé
CN201180071449.1A CN103597207B (zh) 2011-06-06 2011-06-06 混合水压能量积累风力涡轮机及方法

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DE102013005097A1 (de) * 2013-03-23 2014-09-25 Herbert Weh Windkraftanlage mit integriertem Rohrbündelspeicher
ES2528174A1 (es) * 2014-07-24 2015-02-04 Carlos José JUANCO VÁZQUEZ Central eléctrica de recuperación
EP2835528A1 (fr) * 2013-08-09 2015-02-11 Robert Jobski Procédé de conversion d'énergie

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CN104343626B (zh) * 2014-10-28 2017-02-15 河海大学 一种带有增速叶片的自保护风力提水系统
CN108953039B (zh) * 2018-08-14 2020-05-19 广州雅图新能源科技有限公司 一体式垂直轴风力发电与高空储水蓄能发电系统
WO2020034823A1 (fr) * 2018-08-14 2020-02-20 广州雅图新能源科技有限公司 Système de production d'énergie hydroélectrique et d'énergie éolienne à axe vertical
WO2020050676A1 (fr) * 2018-09-07 2020-03-12 김성식 Tour de production d'énergie hydraulique à stockage par pompage utilisant des turbines de conduit installées sur plusieurs étages
CN210317609U (zh) * 2019-05-27 2020-04-14 广州雅图新能源科技有限公司 一种垂直轴风力发电机与混凝土塔筒一体式结构

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JP2004019626A (ja) * 2002-06-20 2004-01-22 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 風力発電装置
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JP2004019626A (ja) * 2002-06-20 2004-01-22 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 風力発電装置
US20090129953A1 (en) * 2004-09-17 2009-05-21 Elsam A/S Pump, power plant, a windmill, and a method of producing electrical power from wind energy
WO2010046760A2 (fr) * 2008-10-24 2010-04-29 Clipper Windpower, Inc. Rotor haubané à câbles pour turbine hydraulique et éolienne

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102013005097A1 (de) * 2013-03-23 2014-09-25 Herbert Weh Windkraftanlage mit integriertem Rohrbündelspeicher
EP2835528A1 (fr) * 2013-08-09 2015-02-11 Robert Jobski Procédé de conversion d'énergie
ES2528174A1 (es) * 2014-07-24 2015-02-04 Carlos José JUANCO VÁZQUEZ Central eléctrica de recuperación

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