WO2012168767A1 - Éléments propulsifs pour navires - Google Patents

Éléments propulsifs pour navires Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012168767A1
WO2012168767A1 PCT/IB2011/052547 IB2011052547W WO2012168767A1 WO 2012168767 A1 WO2012168767 A1 WO 2012168767A1 IB 2011052547 W IB2011052547 W IB 2011052547W WO 2012168767 A1 WO2012168767 A1 WO 2012168767A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaft
gear
pivot
transverse
drive
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2011/052547
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Alan Beachy Head
Original Assignee
Michael Alan Beachy Head
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Michael Alan Beachy Head filed Critical Michael Alan Beachy Head
Priority to AU2011370282A priority Critical patent/AU2011370282B2/en
Priority to EP11741279.1A priority patent/EP2718178B1/fr
Priority to PCT/IB2011/052547 priority patent/WO2012168767A1/fr
Publication of WO2012168767A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012168767A1/fr
Priority to ZA2014/00169A priority patent/ZA201400169B/en
Priority to IN239DEN2014 priority patent/IN2014DN00239A/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H5/00—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water
    • B63H5/07—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers
    • B63H5/125—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers movably mounted with respect to hull, e.g. adjustable in direction, e.g. podded azimuthing thrusters
    • B63H5/1252—Arrangements on vessels of propulsion elements directly acting on water of propellers movably mounted with respect to hull, e.g. adjustable in direction, e.g. podded azimuthing thrusters the ability to move being conferred by gearing in transmission between prime mover and propeller and the propulsion unit being other than in a "Z" configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H23/00—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements
    • B63H23/02—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with mechanical gearing
    • B63H23/06—Transmitting power from propulsion power plant to propulsive elements with mechanical gearing for transmitting drive from a single propulsion power unit

Definitions

  • This invention relates to drives for propulsion of marine vessels.
  • the invention relates to stern drives.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a marine propulsion system that is compact and that can accommodate engines in various space saving configurations.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a compact marine drive with an increased trimming moment.
  • Most marine propulsion systems extending from the stern of a vessel includes a drive shaft extending downwards and transmitting motive power to a horizontal propeller shaft.
  • the orientation of the drive shaft is typically vertical and the transmission between the drive shaft and propeller shaft typically includes a reversing clutch, comprising counter-rotating bevel gears that are engaged with the drive shaft and that can engage, in turn, with the propeller shaft.
  • This gear set (or alternative arrangement) needs to be housed in a housing of a lower unit of the drive and the housing typically includes a horizontally orientated widened part extending around the propeller shaft, commonly referred to as a "bullet".
  • the bullet and the vertical part of the casing extending above it need to be wide enough to house the drive shaft and components for transmitting power to the propeller shaft, as well as the bearings for these components and cooling and lubrication arrangements and the casing needs to be strong enough to bear the loads imposed by these internal components.
  • the net result is that the lower units tent to be bulky, causing drag.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a marine propulsion system with a compact transmission between its drive shaft and propeller shaft and consequently a more compact and hydrodynamic lower unit of the drive.
  • a marine propulsion system comprising:
  • transverse shaft that has a transverse orientation relative to the input shaft and that is connected to receive motive power from the input shaft
  • a pivot gear set of bevel gears for transferring motive power from the input shaft to the transverse shaft
  • a clutch assembly configured to transfer motive power selectively from the transverse shaft to the drive shaft
  • a propeller shaft connected to receive motive power from the drive shaft
  • a gearbox housing supporting the input shaft and transverse shaft for rotation about their respective axes
  • pivot casing supporting the drive shaft for rotation about its axis, said pivot casing being configured to pivot relative to the gearbox housing, about the axis of the transverse shaft;
  • the marine propulsion system may include an intermediate shaft, extending generally parallel to the input shaft and being connected to receive motive power from the input shaft via a gear set, the intermediate shaft being connected to the transverse shaft via the pivot gear set.
  • the intermediate shaft may be connected to the input shaft via a gear set, such as a set of spur gears or helical gears.
  • the intermediate shaft axis may extend at a higher elevation than the input shaft axis, in use, with the result that the transverse shaft and thus the pivotal axis about which the pivot casing can pivot, is at an elevated position relative to the vessel.
  • the clutch assembly may include:
  • a pair of bevel gears comprising a forward gear and a reverse gear, each
  • a clutch element configured to connect the forward gear or the reverse gear to the transverse shaft, to receive motive power from the transverse shaft; and a bevel gear disposed on the drive shaft and meshed on opposing sides with the forward gear and the reverse gear.
  • a marine propulsion system which comprises:
  • a drive shaft configured to receive motive power
  • a propeller shaft configured to receive a propeller
  • a gear rotationally connected to the propeller shaft and meshing with the pinion; wherein the gear is a face gear, preferably a bevel face gear.
  • Figure 1 is and exploded side view of a marine propulsion system according to the present invention
  • Figure 2 is an aft, starboard, three-dimensional view of part of the drive train of the propulsion system of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 3 is an three-dimensional view of part of the propulsion system of Figure 1 , showing the drive train components of Figure 2;
  • Figure 4 is an aft, port, three dimensional view of part of the propulsion system of Figure 1 , although the propulsion system shown in Figure 4 differs slightly from that shown in Figure 1 , but not in ways material to the present invention;
  • Figure 5 is a fore, port, three-dimensional view of a lower part of the drive train of the propulsion system of Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 6 is a part-sectional side elevation of a lower unit of the propulsion system of
  • Figure 7 is a part sectional front view of the lower unit of the propulsion system of Figure 6.
  • a marine propulsion system according to the present invention is generally indicated by reference numeral 10 and is referred to by a more common name, as a "stern drive”.
  • the stern drive 10 is installed on a transom 12 of a vessel hull 14 and the transom is angled - e.g. at 45 degrees.
  • the stern drive 10 includes an engine module 16, to serve as a source of motive power for the vessel and the engine module is mounted to the transom 12 by a main power train mount 17.
  • the engine module 16 is oriented with the crank shaft of the engine extending at an angle of 45 degrees, but this need not always be the case, as will be described below.
  • the stern drive 10 On the outside (aft) of the transom 12, the stern drive 10 includes a mid section gearbox 18 that is fixedly attached to the transom and has an input shaft 20 extending through an aperture in the transom to receive motive power from the engine module 16.
  • the mid section gearbox 18 is connected to a pivot casing 22, which can pivot relative to the gearbox to trim/tilt the lower part of the stern drive 10 in directions marked "A" in Figure 2 and the trim/tilt is actuated by a hydraulic cylinder 24.
  • An upper part 26 of a drive shaft protrudes from the bottom of the pivot casing 22.
  • the stern drive 10 includes a lower unit housing 28 that is attached to the lower end of the pivot casing 22 and a lower part 30 of the drive shaft protrudes from the lower unit, to be connected for receiving motive power from the upper part 26.
  • a propeller shaft 32 protrudes aft from the lower unit 28 and can carry a propeller for propulsion of the vessel.
  • the lower unit 28 can pivot relative to the pivot casing 22 in steering directions marked "B" in Figure 5, about a steering axis that is coaxial with the drive shaft 26,30 and the pivotal movement is actuated by a steering system 34.
  • a drive train of the stern drive 10 includes an intermediate shaft 36 that extends parallel to the input shaft 20 on the port side of the input shaft and with its axis at a higher elevation than that of the input shaft.
  • the intermediate shaft 36 receives motive power from the input shaft 20 via a drop gear set 38 of spur gears or helical gears.
  • the drop gear set 38 can easily be replaced with a different gear set with a different gear ratio, e.g. if a petrol engine module 16 is to be replaced with a (lower revving) diesel engine.
  • the drive train further includes a transverse shaft 40 that extends horizontally - aft of the input shaft 20 and intermediate shaft 36 and with its axis above the axis of the input shaft.
  • the transverse shaft 40 receives motive power from the intermediate shaft 36 via a pivot gear set 42 of bevel gears.
  • the input shaft 20, drop gear set 38, intermediate shaft 36, pivot gear set 42 and transverse shaft 40 are all supported in the casing of the mid section gearbox 18 and while each of the components is configured to rotate about its own axis, none of these components are configured to move relative to the pivot casing or any other parts that are fixedly attached to the vessel hull 14.
  • the feature of the stern drive 10, of the axes of the intermediate shaft 36 and the transverse shaft 40 extending higher than the axis of the input shaft 20, means that the drive shaft 26,30, pivot casing 22 and lower unit 28 (i.e. the whole part of the stern drive 10 that pivots in trim/tilt directions A) extends over a longer distance to the propeller, than if these parts extended from the height of the input shaft and this increases the moment arm between the propeller and the vessel hull 14, which improves trim control and handling of the vessel. Despite this improvement, the stern drive 10 is extremely compact.
  • the intermediate shaft and drop gear set may be omitted and the input shaft may be connected directly to the transverse shaft by a pivot gear set.
  • the geometry of the illustrated embodiment is preferred over such an embodiment, because in the illustrated embodiment, the input shaft 20 and drive shaft 26,30 are aligned on a central vertical plane of the stern drive 10 and the sizes (and thus circumferential velocities) of the components are relatively small - which would not be the case if the intermediate shaft and drop gear set were omitted.
  • the pivot casing 22 supports the upper part 26 of the drive shaft, as well as a clutch assembly 44 that is configured to transfer motive power from the transverse shaft to the drive shaft.
  • the clutch assembly 44 includes a pair of bevel gears that are supported to rotate about the transverse shaft 40 and the pair of bevel gears includes a forward gear 46 and a reverse gear 48.
  • a clutch element 50 is also supported on the transverse shaft 40, between the pair of bevel gears 46,48 and is configured to slide selectively, axially along the transverse shaft, to connect the forward gear or the reverse gear to the transverse shaft, to receive motive power from the transverse shaft.
  • the forward gear 46 and the reverse gear 48 are meshed on opposing sides with a driven bevel gear 52 on an upper end of the drive shaft 26, so that the drive shaft receives motive power from the clutch assembly 44 either via the forward gear or reverse gear, depending on which one is engaged by the clutch element.
  • the pivotal movement of the pivot casing 22 relative to the mid section gearbox 18 takes place about the axis of the transverse shaft 40 in directions A.
  • this pivotal movement (which trims or tilts the pivot casing 22 and lower unit 28 relative to the vessel) the pair of bevel gears 46,48 and the clutch element 50 remain in position, the drive shaft 26 and driven bevel 52 pivot with the pivot casing 22, the bevel gears 46,38,52 remain meshed and all of these components can continue to transfer motive power.
  • the lower part 30 of the drive shaft receives motive power via a splined, coaxial connection from the upper part 26 of the drive shaft and the lower part of the drive shaft is supported for rotation about its axis, inside the lower unit 28.
  • the drive shaft 30 is connected to transfer motive power to the horizontal propeller shaft 32 via a lower unit gear set 54.
  • Drive shaft 26,30 has an angled or inclined orientation and as mentioned above, the lower unit 28 is configured to pivot relative to the pivot casing 22 in directions B and thus relative to the rest of the stern drive 10 and to the vessel, about the axis of the drive shaft. This pivotal movement changes the orientation of the propeller shaft 32 to port and starboard and thus steers the vessel, without disrupting the position, operation or mechanical connection between the drive shaft 30, lower unit gear set 54 or propeller shaft.
  • FIG. 4 An example of a steering system 34 is shown in some detail in Figure 4 and it includes a master-and-slave hydraulic piston arrangement, with the ends of the piston rods 56 connected to the pivot casing 22 and the pistons connected to a reciprocal body 58 that can travel in port-starboard directions and that is connected to the lower unit 28 via a hinge mechanism 60.
  • the engine module 16 and the transom 12 have angled orientations in the illustrated embodiment, but the stern drive 10 can also be used on vessels with transoms at different orientations (e.g. near upright transoms) and/or for different engine orientations (e.g. in a "run-flat" configuration with the engine's crankshaft in a horizontal orientation).
  • This can be achieved by simply fitting the mid section gearbox 18 to the vessel with the input shaft 20 aligned with a suitable power take-off of the engine module, and adjusting the orientation of the pivot casing 22 and lower unit 28 by operating the trim/tilt cylinder 24.
  • the length and/or stroke of the trim/tilt cylinder 24 can be adjusted to optimise the trim/tilt action of the stern drive for a particular orientation of the drive, but generally, the drive 10 can be used for various vessel and engine configurations, without significant modification.
  • the lower unit 28 is relatively wide at its upper end - where it has a cylindrical shape, matched to the cylindrical lower end of the pivot casing 22. However, at a height that typically coincides with the water line during use, the lower unit 28 forms a horizontal spray plate 62 and the profile (viewed from the bow or stern) of the lower unit is significantly narrower below the spray plate. A part of the lower unit 28 that extends generally coaxially around the propeller shaft 32 is widened and has a streamlined appearance, to form a formation known in the trade as a "bullet" 64, which houses the gear set 54 in part, as well as the bearings for the propeller shaft 32 and an exhaust passage.
  • a "bullet" 64 which houses the gear set 54 in part, as well as the bearings for the propeller shaft 32 and an exhaust passage.
  • the lower unit Between the spray plate 62 and the bullet 64, the lower unit forms a shank 66 that is narrower than the bullet 64 and which houses the lower part 30 of the drive shaft, an Archimedean lubrication screw 68, a lower bearing for the drive shaft and part of the gear set 54.
  • the lower unit 28 also has a thin horizontal cavitation plate 70 protruding from the shank 66 below the spray plate 62 and a skeg 72 extending below the bullet 64.
  • the diameter of bullet 64 is typically about the same as the hub diameter of propeller fitted on the propeller shaft 32 and accordingly, the cylindrical part of the bullet has little impact on drag.
  • the thin profiles of the cavitation plate 70 and skeg 72 keep their impacts on drag to a minimum.
  • the profile of the shank 66 and in particular a lower end of the shank, where it widens to join up to the bullet 64, is directly before the swept area of the propeller and has a significant impact on drag.
  • the lower unit gear set 54 includes a face gear 74, preferably a bevel face gear connected to the fore end of the propeller shaft 32 and a matching pinion 76 at the lower end of the drive shaft 30.
  • a face gear 74 instead of a conventional bevel gear, reduces the height of the pinion 76 in relation to the propeller shaft 32 and the bullet 64, so that the pinion is entirely, or almost entirely housed within the bullet , without protruding significantly into the lower end of the shank 66.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Gear Transmission (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un système de propulsion de navire (10) comportant une boîte d'engrenages (18) solidaire de la poupe de la coque (14) d'un navire, un carter pivotant (22) capable de pivoter par rapport à la boîte d'engrenages (18) pour l'équilibrage/l'inclinaison, et une unité inférieure (28) capable, pour gouverner, de pivoter par rapport au carter pivotant (22). La boîte d'engrenages (18) accueille un arbre d'entrée (20) qui est relié par l'intermédiaire d'un train d'engrenages (38) à un arbre intermédiaire (36) lui-même relié par l'intermédiaire d'un engrenage conique (42) à un arbre transversal (40) qui pénètre à l'intérieur du carter pivotant (22). À l'intérieur du carter pivotant (22), un arbre moteur (26, 30) est relié à l'arbre transversal (40) par l'intermédiaire d'un embrayage (44), l'arbre moteur (26, 30) sortant du carter pivotant (22) et aboutissant à l'unité inférieure (28) où il entraîne un arbre d'hélice (32). Le carter pivotant (22) pivote autour de l'axe de l'arbre transversal (40) pour tenir compte de l'assiette ou de la gîte, l'unité inférieure (28) pivotant, pour gouverner, autour de l'axe de l'arbre moteur (26, 30).
PCT/IB2011/052547 2011-06-10 2011-06-10 Éléments propulsifs pour navires WO2012168767A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2011370282A AU2011370282B2 (en) 2011-06-10 2011-06-10 Drives for propulsion of marine vessels
EP11741279.1A EP2718178B1 (fr) 2011-06-10 2011-06-10 Éléments propulsifs pour navires
PCT/IB2011/052547 WO2012168767A1 (fr) 2011-06-10 2011-06-10 Éléments propulsifs pour navires
ZA2014/00169A ZA201400169B (en) 2011-06-10 2014-01-09 Drives for propulsion of marine vessels
IN239DEN2014 IN2014DN00239A (fr) 2011-06-10 2014-01-10

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2011/052547 WO2012168767A1 (fr) 2011-06-10 2011-06-10 Éléments propulsifs pour navires

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012168767A1 true WO2012168767A1 (fr) 2012-12-13

Family

ID=44629861

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2011/052547 WO2012168767A1 (fr) 2011-06-10 2011-06-10 Éléments propulsifs pour navires

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2718178B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU2011370282B2 (fr)
IN (1) IN2014DN00239A (fr)
WO (1) WO2012168767A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA201400169B (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO346005B1 (en) * 2021-03-23 2021-12-20 Sleipner Motor As Retractable thruster
CN114986083A (zh) * 2022-02-21 2022-09-02 大连华日机械模型有限公司 一种船用发动机齿轮箱体加工方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3362246A (en) * 1964-07-14 1968-01-09 Volvo Penta Ab Gear housing on propeller assembly for boats
US3589204A (en) * 1969-09-08 1971-06-29 Outboard Marine Corp Marine propulsion device
SU1108042A1 (ru) * 1978-10-30 1984-08-15 Maksimov Yurij N Реверсивна поворотно-откидна колонка
GB2179903A (en) * 1983-03-04 1987-03-18 Kamewa Ab A vessel having parallel hulls
WO2006089316A1 (fr) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-24 Michael Alan Beachy Head Unite d'entrainement marine

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3583357A (en) * 1969-04-01 1971-06-08 Outboard Marine Corp Side mount stern drive

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3362246A (en) * 1964-07-14 1968-01-09 Volvo Penta Ab Gear housing on propeller assembly for boats
US3589204A (en) * 1969-09-08 1971-06-29 Outboard Marine Corp Marine propulsion device
SU1108042A1 (ru) * 1978-10-30 1984-08-15 Maksimov Yurij N Реверсивна поворотно-откидна колонка
GB2179903A (en) * 1983-03-04 1987-03-18 Kamewa Ab A vessel having parallel hulls
WO2006089316A1 (fr) * 2005-02-18 2006-08-24 Michael Alan Beachy Head Unite d'entrainement marine

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 198510, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 1985-061344, XP002670397 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NO346005B1 (en) * 2021-03-23 2021-12-20 Sleipner Motor As Retractable thruster
CN114986083A (zh) * 2022-02-21 2022-09-02 大连华日机械模型有限公司 一种船用发动机齿轮箱体加工方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2011370282B2 (en) 2016-06-16
AU2011370282A1 (en) 2014-01-30
ZA201400169B (en) 2015-05-27
EP2718178B1 (fr) 2020-11-18
EP2718178A1 (fr) 2014-04-16
IN2014DN00239A (fr) 2015-06-05

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