WO2012163107A1 - Brûleur à charbon pulvérisé à tourbillon à phase dense - Google Patents

Brûleur à charbon pulvérisé à tourbillon à phase dense Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012163107A1
WO2012163107A1 PCT/CN2012/071214 CN2012071214W WO2012163107A1 WO 2012163107 A1 WO2012163107 A1 WO 2012163107A1 CN 2012071214 W CN2012071214 W CN 2012071214W WO 2012163107 A1 WO2012163107 A1 WO 2012163107A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
pulverized coal
air passage
primary air
swirling
dense phase
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/071214
Other languages
English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李月华
Original Assignee
上海锅炉厂有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海锅炉厂有限公司 filed Critical 上海锅炉厂有限公司
Priority to US13/808,119 priority Critical patent/US20130112120A1/en
Priority to EP12792844.8A priority patent/EP2597367A4/fr
Publication of WO2012163107A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012163107A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
    • F23C7/002—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion
    • F23C7/004—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply the air being submitted to a rotary or spinning motion using vanes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D17/00—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F23D17/007—Burners for combustion conjointly or alternatively of gaseous or liquid or pulverulent fuel liquid or pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2201/00—Staged combustion
    • F23C2201/20—Burner staging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2201/00—Burners adapted for particulate solid or pulverulent fuels
    • F23D2201/20—Fuel flow guiding devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of a coal-fired boiler of a power station, in particular to a dense phase swirling pulverized coal burner used in a coal-fired boiler. Background technique
  • the whole furnace grading combustion technology adopts the early technology to meet the burnout from the main combustion area (ie, the pulverized coal is fed into the furnace area of the furnace, It is called the main combustion zone.
  • a part of the oxygen supplied is delayed from the special tuyere on the upper part of the furnace to the furnace, so that the air chemical equivalent ratio of the main combustion zone is less than 1, that is, an oxygen-deficient combustion atmosphere is formed, and the main combustion zone and the upper tuyere are simultaneously formed.
  • a region of reducing atmosphere is formed between the (burnout zone) to allow sufficient reduction of early nitrogen oxides.
  • most of the swirl burners used are in the form of rich and light combustion and multi-channel grading air supply, which controls the mixing timing of the wind powder, forms a reducing atmosphere in the burner area, and achieves the purpose of reducing nitrogen oxides in the burner area.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a dense phase pulverized coal pulverized coal burner applied to a coal-fired boiler of a power station, which convects a dense phase pulverized coal powder through a spout to strengthen the mixing of the dense phase pulverized coal gas stream and the high temperature recirculation zone of the outlet.
  • a dense phase pulverized coal pulverized coal burner applied to a coal-fired boiler of a power station, which convects a dense phase pulverized coal powder through a spout to strengthen the mixing of the dense phase pulverized coal gas stream and the high temperature recirculation zone of the outlet.
  • a dense phase swirling pulverized coal burner comprising:
  • a primary air passage provided with the following components in sequence: an elbow section as a pulverized coal inlet, a horizontally disposed straight pipe section, and a primary air vent; a oil gun casing disposed on a central shaft in the straight pipe section , the oil gun casing is provided with a burner ignition oil gun;
  • the method further includes: a DC secondary air passage disposed around the outer wall of the nozzle of the primary air passage; and a swirling secondary air passage disposed around the outer wall of the nozzle of the direct current secondary air passage; the DC secondary air
  • the channel and the swirling secondary air passage are matched in the same large wind box.
  • An adjusting device for adjusting the air volume is disposed in the DC secondary air passage; and an adjusting device for adjusting the swirling wind strength is disposed in the swirling secondary air passage.
  • the pulverized coal averaging plate is disposed in the elbow section of the primary air passage, and is arranged along the central axis of the elbow section, and is divided into two layers of airflow passages in the elbow section; One end of the plate is located at the inlet of the elbow section, and the other end extends to the outlet of the elbow section, that is, a position where the elbow section communicates with the straight pipe section, so that the pulverized coal gas flows through the elbow section and is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. Enter the straight pipe section.
  • each of the pulverized coal concentrating rings is disposed around the outer edge of the oil gun casing
  • the expanding cone structure has an opening of the expanding cone facing the nozzle of the primary air, and after several stages of expanding the cone, the pulverized coal gas flow forms an outer concentrated light pulverized coal gas flow distribution at the nozzle of the primary air.
  • the oil gun casing of the straight pipe section is spaced apart from the pulverized coal concentrating ring of 2 ⁇ 3 grades, and the size of the pulverized coal concentrating ring of each stage is enlarged step by step.
  • the pulverized coal concentration ring of each stage has a taper angle of 10 ° ⁇ 25 . In the range.
  • a plurality of guiding blades are evenly arranged around the inner wall of the first air passage; the guiding positions of the guiding blades are matched with the path area of the dense phase pulverized coal gas flow around the nozzle, only the outer periphery The dense phase pulverized coal is disturbed, and the dense phase pulverized coal gas stream is formed into a certain swirling direction; and the light phase pulverized coal gas stream in the center of the nozzle is directly sprayed into the external furnace.
  • the nozzle of the primary air passage is provided with 10 to 20 pieces of the guide vanes around the inner wall thereof.
  • the angle between each guide vane and the axial direction of the primary air passage is 10° ⁇ 30°, and the guide vanes
  • the radial height along the primary air passage is 0.05 to 0.1 times the diameter of the primary air passage.
  • the primary air passage, the direct current secondary air passage, and the outer wall of the spout secondary air passage are respectively provided with a expanding cone structure; the plurality of expanding cone structures are respectively provided with a taper opening toward the outer furnace. To delay the mixing time of the secondary air and the primary wind.
  • the plurality of expanding cone structures have a taper angle of less than or equal to 45 °.
  • the dense phase swirling pulverized coal burner of the present invention has the advantages that: in the present invention, when the primary air enters, the pulverized coal flow equalizing plate is formed, and relatively uniform two layers are formed in the circumferential direction of the air passage; After that, due to the action of several stages of pulverized coal concentrating rings in the horizontal straight pipe section, the primary air is formed into a thick and inner light distribution form at the spout by the taper action.
  • the secondary air Since the expanding cone structure is respectively arranged on the nozzles of the primary air and the secondary air, the secondary air is delayed by the expansion cone and the mixing time with the primary air; by the reasonable control of the expansion cone angle, once in the initial stage of the fire An oxygen-deficient atmosphere is formed inside the wind to sufficiently reduce the initial nitrogen oxides.
  • the timely mixing of the secondary air can keep the nozzle water wall in the oxidizing atmosphere for a long time, effectively preventing the slagging and high temperature corrosion of the water wall in the burner area.
  • a high-temperature flue gas recirculation zone is formed on the outer periphery of the nozzle; by arranging a plurality of guide vanes on the inner wall of the primary air passage, the dense phase coal powder is disturbed before being injected into the furnace, and a certain rotation is formed.
  • the high-temperature flue gas recirculation zone is sprayed into the high-temperature flue gas recirculation zone to perform intense mixed combustion for the purpose of fast ignition and enhanced combustion.
  • the light-phase pulverized coal in the center of the primary air nozzle is injected into the furnace with direct current, and the rigidity of the primary air is maintained, so that the primary air can be fully mixed and burned in the later stage.
  • the present invention has a strong adaptability to variable coal types.
  • the design of the taper angle and the number of stages of the pulverized coal concentration ring can control the degree of separation of the pulverized coal; by the radial height of the guide vanes and the design of the angle between the guide vanes and the axial direction,
  • the size of the spoiler of the dense phase coal powder is controlled;
  • the size of the high temperature recirculation zone can be controlled by the expansion cone structure of the primary air nozzle.
  • the swirling intensity of the secondary air can be adjusted by the adjusting device to meet the requirements of different coal quality ignition and stable combustion.
  • the primary air passage of the invention has simple structure and excellent anti-wear performance; the overall ignition is stable and stable, and the coal quality is good; and the utility model has the characteristics of high efficiency and low nitrogen oxide emission.
  • DRAWINGS BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of a dense phase swirling pulverized coal burner according to the present invention; and Figure 2 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of guide vanes of the burner nozzle of the present invention. Concrete real
  • the dense phase swirling pulverized coal burner (hereinafter referred to as a burner) of the present invention comprises a primary air passage 1, a DC secondary air passage 2 disposed around the outer wall of the nozzle of the primary air passage 1, and surrounding
  • the swirling secondary air passage 3 is disposed on the outer wall of the nozzle of the direct current secondary air passage 2.
  • the DC secondary air passage 2 and the swirling secondary air passage 3 are distributed in the same large wind box.
  • the primary air passage 1 is provided with the following components that are sequentially connected: an elbow section as a pulverized coal inlet, a straight pipe section arranged horizontally, and a vent of a primary air.
  • an elbow section as a pulverized coal inlet
  • a straight pipe section arranged horizontally
  • a vent of a primary air On the central shaft in the straight pipe section of the primary air passage 1, a oil gun casing 4 is disposed; the oil gun casing 4 is provided with a burner ignition oil gun.
  • a pulverized coal averaging plate 5 is disposed, which is arranged along the central axis of the elbow section, and divides the elbow section into two inner and outer rafts which are close to and away from the center of the turn. a layer air flow passage; the pulverized coal averaging plate 5 end is located at the inlet of the elbow section, and the other end extends to the outlet of the elbow section, that is, a position where the elbow section communicates with the straight pipe section. Therefore, when the primary pulverized coal gas flow enters through the elbow section of the primary air passage 1, and the pulverized coal equalizing plate 5 re-enters the horizontal straight pipe section, a uniform and uniform flow of air is formed. It ensures that the pulverized coal is relatively uniform in the circumferential direction at the exit of the elbow section.
  • a pulverized coal concentrating ring 6 of 2 ⁇ 3 stages is arranged axially along the oil gun casing 4; each pulverized coal concentrating ring 6 It is a taper structure disposed around the outer edge of the oil gun casing 4, and the opening of the taper is directed toward the spout, and the taper angle ⁇ is 10°-25.
  • the size of the pulverized coal concentrating ring 6 of each stage is enlarged step by step.
  • the pulverized coal gas stream uniformly distributed when entering the straight pipe section passes through the expanded cone structure of the pulverized coal concentrating ring 6 of each stage, and most of the pulverized coal gas flow is due to inertia. Will remain in the straight section of the primary air passage 1 away from the periphery of the central axis; and the air flow entraining part of the fine coal powder flows in the straight pipe section closer to the center of the central axis due to inertia, and finally in the primary wind At the spout of the passage 1, a condensed pulverized coal gas flow distribution form is formed.
  • a plurality of guide vanes 7 are uniformly arranged around the inner wall thereof, and the number of blades is 10-20 pieces; each guide vane 7 and the guide vane 7
  • the axial angle of the primary air passage 1 is 10° to 30°, and the radial height along the primary air passage 1 is 0.05 to 0.1 times the diameter of the primary air passage 1.
  • the plurality of guide vanes 7 are arranged in the flow passage region of the dense phase pulverized coal in the outer periphery of the passage, and the disturbance of the dense phase airflow is increased before the injection into the furnace to form a certain swirling discharge;
  • the light phase pulverized coal gas stream is still DC and is injected into the furnace along the axis of the channel.
  • the primary air passage 1, the direct current secondary air passage 2, the swirling secondary air passage 3, and the outer wall of the nozzle facing one end of the furnace are respectively provided with a diffusing cone structure, which corresponds to the serial numbers 8, 9, 10 in FIG. It is indicated that the secondary air is delayed by the expansion of the primary air by the expansion cone.
  • a diffusing cone structure which corresponds to the serial numbers 8, 9, 10 in FIG. It is indicated that the secondary air is delayed by the expansion of the primary air by the expansion cone.
  • an oxygen-deficient atmosphere can be formed inside the primary air at the beginning of the fire, and the initial nitrogen oxides can be sufficiently reduced.
  • each of the preferred cone angles ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ⁇ 3 is less than or equal to 45 °.
  • the arrangement of the expanding cone structure 8 forms a negative pressure inside, a high-temperature flue gas is taken up at the nozzle of the primary air passage 1, and an annular high-temperature flue gas recirculation zone is formed.
  • the dense phase pulverized coal gas stream located on the outer periphery of the primary air nozzle directly enters the high temperature flue gas recirculation zone after being disturbed by the guide vanes 7, and the strong mixing causes the pulverized coal gas stream to instantaneously obtain a large heat rise and burns. .
  • the adjusting devices 11 and 12 for adjusting the air volume and the swirling wind intensity are respectively arranged in the direct current secondary air passage 2 and the swirling secondary air passage 3 to control two The timing of the secondary wind mixing into the wind.
  • the timely mixing of the secondary air can make the nozzle water wall long-term in the oxidizing atmosphere, effectively preventing the slagging and high temperature corrosion of the water wall of the burner area.
  • the light-phase pulverized coal gas flow located at the center of the primary air vent is directly injected into the furnace along the axial direction of the air duct due to the absence of turbulence, maintaining the rigidity of the primary air and being able to be injected into the furnace to a certain depth.
  • the swirling secondary air is strongly mixed under the turbulence of the secondary air to ensure the late mixing and combustion of the pulverized coal gas stream, so that the burner can achieve the high-efficiency burning of the coal powder while reducing the nitrogen oxides in the early stage of anaerobic combustion.
  • the present invention has a strong adaptability to variable coal types.
  • the design of the taper angle and the number of stages of the pulverized coal concentrating ring 6 can control the degree of separation of the pulverized coal; the radial height of the guide vanes 7 and the angle of the guide vanes 7 with the axial angle
  • the design can control the size of the spoiler to the dense phase coal powder; the size of the high temperature recirculation zone can be controlled by the diffuser cone structure 8 of the primary air nozzle.
  • the swirling intensity of the secondary air can be adjusted by adjusting devices 11 and 12 to meet the requirements of different coal quality ignition and stable combustion.
  • the invention has the advantages of simple structure, excellent anti-wear performance, strong ignition stability and good coal quality adaptability; Features high efficiency and low NOx emissions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)

Abstract

Un brûleur à charbon pulvérisé à tourbillon à phase dense comprend un canal de vent primaire (2), un canal de vent secondaire à écoulement droit (2) et un canal de vent secondaire à écoulement tourbillonnant (3) sur le côté le plus extérieur. Le canal de vent primaire (1) comprend une section coudée servant d'entrée de charbon pulvérisé et une section de tuyau droite agencée à l'horizontale. Un manchon de seringue à huile (4) est agencé sur un axe central dans la section de tuyau droite, et plusieurs étages d'anneaux de concentration (6) de charbon pulvérisé sont agencés à intervalles dans une direction axiale du manchon de seringue à huile (4), de sorte que le charbon pulvérisé forme une distribution d'écoulement gazeux ayant une densité extérieure plus élevée et une densité intérieure plus faible au niveau d'une buse à vent primaire. Le brûleur à charbon pulvérisé présente des caractéristiques telles qu'une flamme stable, une forte inflammabilité, une grande adaptabilité aux types de charbon et une faible émission d'oxydes d'azote. De plus, le canal de vent primaire présente une structure simple et une faible résistance, et peut efficacement retarder la vitesse d'usure des éléments.
PCT/CN2012/071214 2011-05-27 2012-02-16 Brûleur à charbon pulvérisé à tourbillon à phase dense WO2012163107A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US13/808,119 US20130112120A1 (en) 2011-05-27 2012-02-16 Dense Phase Swirl Pulverized Coal Burner
EP12792844.8A EP2597367A4 (fr) 2011-05-27 2012-02-16 Brûleur à charbon pulvérisé à tourbillon à phase dense

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201110139317XA CN102393015A (zh) 2011-05-27 2011-05-27 一种浓相旋流煤粉燃烧器
CN201110139317.X 2011-05-27

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WO2012163107A1 true WO2012163107A1 (fr) 2012-12-06

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CN (1) CN102393015A (fr)
PL (1) PL403824A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012163107A1 (fr)

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CN107218602A (zh) * 2017-07-19 2017-09-29 上海华之邦科技股份有限公司 一种低热值/低压力燃气燃烧器
CN108019742A (zh) * 2016-11-03 2018-05-11 中国电力工程顾问集团华北电力设计院有限公司 Cfb锅炉三次风中心筒
CN108105765A (zh) * 2017-12-11 2018-06-01 上海电力学院 一种用于锅炉中的低NOx稳燃燃烧器
CN108662585A (zh) * 2018-07-06 2018-10-16 西安交通大学 一种低负荷稳燃的超低nox燃烧系统及其燃烧器
CN109708106A (zh) * 2018-12-19 2019-05-03 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 一种直流煤粉燃烧器
CN109764334A (zh) * 2019-01-24 2019-05-17 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 低Nox焦炉煤气燃烧器
CN110319436A (zh) * 2019-06-15 2019-10-11 沈阳环境科学研究院 一种紧凑型浓淡分级旋流煤粉燃烧器
CN110925747A (zh) * 2019-12-19 2020-03-27 上海交通大学 便于向低氧火焰中直接喷射水煤浆还原NOx的燃烧装置
CN111023091A (zh) * 2019-12-23 2020-04-17 清华大学 一种高温烟气多级回流低氮燃烧器及其燃烧方法
CN111237796A (zh) * 2020-02-28 2020-06-05 沈阳环境科学研究院 一种低能耗高效煤粉浓缩器
CN111271708A (zh) * 2020-03-27 2020-06-12 华侨大学 一种低氮燃烧器
CN111594830A (zh) * 2020-05-20 2020-08-28 哈尔滨工业大学 一种高效低NOx双涡旋流煤粉燃烧器
CN112923361A (zh) * 2021-02-08 2021-06-08 哈尔滨工业大学 燃用高温荒煤气的直流燃烧器
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CN103759259B (zh) * 2014-01-13 2016-06-15 徐州科融环境资源股份有限公司 强化分级低NOx煤粉燃烧器
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CN106524221A (zh) * 2016-11-25 2017-03-22 武汉斯奇环保科技有限公司 W型锅炉节油型旋流火嘴点火装置
CN106931431A (zh) * 2017-03-09 2017-07-07 上海锅炉厂有限公司 一种工业锅炉用煤粉燃烧器
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CN108224416B (zh) * 2018-01-18 2020-01-03 王志远 燃烧器
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CN109931605B (zh) * 2019-04-15 2024-05-28 北京国电龙高科环境工程技术有限公司 一种多级配风的径向外浓内淡的旋流燃烧器
CN111412485A (zh) * 2020-04-28 2020-07-14 湖南中冶长天节能环保技术有限公司 一种低氮燃烧设备及其风料供给装置
CN111594871A (zh) * 2020-06-15 2020-08-28 西安西热锅炉环保工程有限公司 一种基于双调风旋流燃烧器的富氧微油点火装置及方法
CN114738742B (zh) * 2022-04-19 2023-09-22 东方电气集团东方锅炉股份有限公司 一种扩锥角度可变的旋流燃烧器

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CN110925747B (zh) * 2019-12-19 2024-06-07 上海交通大学 便于向低氧火焰中直接喷射水煤浆还原NOx的燃烧装置
CN110925747A (zh) * 2019-12-19 2020-03-27 上海交通大学 便于向低氧火焰中直接喷射水煤浆还原NOx的燃烧装置
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CN111237796A (zh) * 2020-02-28 2020-06-05 沈阳环境科学研究院 一种低能耗高效煤粉浓缩器
CN111271708B (zh) * 2020-03-27 2024-06-07 华侨大学 一种低氮燃烧器
CN111271708A (zh) * 2020-03-27 2020-06-12 华侨大学 一种低氮燃烧器
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CN115164592A (zh) * 2022-07-01 2022-10-11 天津水泥工业设计研究院有限公司 一种分解炉二次全氧燃烧富集co2的系统与方法
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