WO2012159832A1 - Apparatus for removing the outer layers from portions of food - Google Patents
Apparatus for removing the outer layers from portions of food Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012159832A1 WO2012159832A1 PCT/EP2012/057348 EP2012057348W WO2012159832A1 WO 2012159832 A1 WO2012159832 A1 WO 2012159832A1 EP 2012057348 W EP2012057348 W EP 2012057348W WO 2012159832 A1 WO2012159832 A1 WO 2012159832A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- drum
- refrigerant
- conveying
- conveying direction
- rotor part
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
- A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
- A22C25/00—Processing fish ; Curing of fish; Stunning of fish by electric current; Investigating fish by optical means
- A22C25/17—Skinning fish
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A22—BUTCHERING; MEAT TREATMENT; PROCESSING POULTRY OR FISH
- A22C—PROCESSING MEAT, POULTRY, OR FISH
- A22C25/00—Processing fish ; Curing of fish; Stunning of fish by electric current; Investigating fish by optical means
- A22C25/08—Holding, guiding, or conveying fish before, during or after its preparation ; Devices for sizing fish; Automatically adapting conveyors or processing machines to the measured size
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
Definitions
- the invention relates to a device for removing the outer layers of food portions according to the preamble of claim 1 and a method for skinning fish fillets according to the preamble of claim 22.
- Known devices of this type are mainly used for removing the skin of fish fillets.
- they have a conveying device, which is usually designed as a belt conveyor, for conveying the fish fillets in a conveying direction, the fish fillets being placed with the skin up on the conveying device.
- the conveyor transports the fish fillets to a drum which has cooled to a temperature below the freezing point and is rotatable by a motor extending about a horizontal axis of rotation transverse to the conveying direction.
- the drum preferably rotates at such a speed that its cylindrical surface moves at exactly the same speed as the fish fillets transported on the conveyor.
- the fish fillets which may have been wetted with water before being used on the drum, are pressed against the drum and freeze with their skin against the drum, so that they are carried along by it.
- a cutting device is arranged, which has a cutting edge arranged at a small distance from the drum, with which the fish frozen from the skin of each fish fillet is separated. The fish fillets then fall down again on the conveyor and are transported by this for further processing.
- each devices for skinning fish fillets are known in which the fish fillets are frozen with the skin on a cold drum and the meat is separated by a cutter from the frozen skin.
- the fish fillets are transported with the skin down on a conveyor to the drum, whose axis of rotation is arranged below the conveyor.
- Both prior art devices have a pressing element, with which the already lying on the outer surface of the drum fish fillets are pressed by pressure on the meat side for better freezing on the drum on the outer surface.
- a skinning machine for fish fillets is known in which the fish fillets are in turn placed with the skin down on a conveyor belt.
- the machine also has slats that force the up-facing meat side of the fish fillets and thus press the fish fillets onto the conveyor belt.
- the fish fillets lying on the conveyor belt are then skinned by means of a cutting device.
- the object is achieved by a device having the features of claim 1 and the features of claim 7 and the features of claim 12 and the features of claim 15 and by a method having the features of claim 22.
- the invention according to claim 1 is based on the idea that the food portions are smoothed before being fed to the drum with the hold-down device.
- the overlying skin is smoothed so that it can freeze to the drum more evenly.
- the lower edge of the hold-down also serves to distribute water sprayed on the skin more evenly and, if necessary, to push it under the scales. This also causes a more uniform surface freezing of the skin on the lateral surface of the drum.
- the hold-down is arranged against its gravity movable over the conveyor. Its lower edge then does not have to be arranged at an exact distance above the conveyor, but it is equally pressed on thicker and thinner food portions by lifting the hold-down device against its gravity.
- a wetting device for spraying the food portions with water is advantageously arranged above the conveyor in the conveying direction in front of the hold-down device, and the hold-down device is a plate which extends up to a height above the wetting device. The sprayed water facilitates the freezing of food portions on the drum.
- the formation of the hold-down plate prevents water from being undesirably sprayed directly onto the drum, freezes on the shell surface and thus causes it to become difficult to surface freeze the food portions.
- the plate is preferably arranged at a height above the wetting device limited pivotable about a horizontal pivot axis and is thus raised by an incoming food portion and food portion raised and smooths these.
- the lower edge may also have a contour adapted to the contour of the food portions, so that they can be smoothed out more efficiently. For processing different food portions with different contours different, releasably attachable hold-down can be kept.
- the invention according to claim 7 is based on the idea of stabilizing the knife band of the cutting device in the region in which it cuts off the outer layers of the food portions. Movements of the knife band, which can lead to an inaccurate section and which are caused for example by a torque resulting from a force acting on the cutting edge force, thereby reduced or even avoided.
- the problem that the knife band can swing has been encountered by the fact that this was made wide and thick, so that its mass counteracts a swing alone.
- By guiding the knife band in the portion in which external forces mainly attack in a guide means it can be made narrower and thinner.
- the knife band is a wearing part and must be replaced often. The use of a narrower and thinner and therefore cheaper knife band saves costs.
- the distance of the knife band to the drum may be variable in order to adapt the cutting device to food portions of different thickness or to be separated outer layers of different thickness.
- the guide device expediently has two guide strips arranged at a distance from one another, along which the broad sides of the knife band run. This measure is a simple and effective way of lateral guidance.
- the guide device can have a curve which is curved in sections and / or turned around an axis extending in the longitudinal direction and thus forms a forced guidance of the knife band.
- the drum is designed as a hollow cylinder, wherein it has at least one refrigerant passage for passing a refrigerant which passes through the jacket of the hollow cylinder.
- the drum expediently has a core made of plastic and an outer sheath of metal, in particular of aluminum, surrounding the core, forming the lateral surface of the drum and partially bordering the at least one coolant channel.
- the outer jacket forms the outer surface of the drum, on which the food portions freeze.
- Metal is preferred because, on the one hand, it has high thermal conductivity and can be rapidly cooled, and, on the other hand, has a smooth surface that is easy to clean. If the device is taken out of service for cleaning, which has to be done daily during the processing of food, then the drum heats up to room temperature and expands. If the drum is hollow on the inside, the absolute material expansion is less than that of a drum made of solid material, so that lower forces act on the metal shell.
- the conveyor on a belt conveyor with at least one flexible circulating conveyor belt.
- the bank conveyor has a plurality of mutually parallel spaced, flexible conveyor belts.
- the belt conveyor can then give in to the forces acting on it food portions forces, so that the Device is more flexible for food portions of different sizes can be used.
- a scraper is expediently arranged above the cutting device for stripping the outer layers frozen onto the drum.
- the scraper then strips, for example, the frozen fish skins after separation from the fillet, so that the section where the respective fish skin was frozen, after further rotation of the drum for the freezing of another fish skin is available.
- the scraper expediently has a body which has a scraper edge arranged close to the drum and a recess extending from the scraper edge. The wiper edge removes the frozen fish skin from the drum, which is first pushed into the recess. Due to the curved surface of the recess, the stripped fish skin rolls up and can be better removed from the scraper.
- rotary distributors which have a stationary stator part and a rotor part which is rotatably mounted in or on the stator part.
- a supply line extends to supply the refrigerant to the drum and a discharge line for discharging refrigerant coming from the drum.
- the supply line is connected to the supply port of the stator, while the discharge line is connected to a discharge port of the stator.
- a rotary bearing filled with a lubricant is arranged, which is sealed with respect to the supply line and the discharge connection by means of a first sealing arrangement revolving around the rotor part.
- a further sealing of the pivot bearing on its other side from the environment is not provided.
- the lack of sealing of the pivot bearing against the environment is often perceived as disadvantageous, since the rotary distributor on the one hand usually in the vicinity of the cooled drum is arranged, so in a place where ice constantly forms and on the other hand through him the refrigerant is passed, which cools him in places to a temperature below freezing.
- a second sealing arrangement is provided between the stator part and the rotor part, which surrounds the rotor part and is arranged on the side of the pivot bearing facing away from the supply line and the discharge connection, ie on the side which faces the external environment and can penetrate through the ice crystals.
- the second sealing arrangement has a plurality of sealing elements, which are arranged around the rotor part and arranged at a distance from one another, such as, for example, sealing rings or pockets filled with grease or oil.
- a water-repellent sealant such as silicone oil inhibits the ingress of water vapor into the pivot bearing.
- FIG. 1 a skinning device for fish fillets in side view; Fig. 2, the skinning device of FIG. 1 in plan view without the
- Knife band and its guiding device Knife band and its guiding device
- Fig. 3 is a detail view of the cutting device of the apparatus of Figure 1, partially in section.
- FIG. 4 shows a detailed view of the scraper of the device according to FIG.
- Fig. 5a, b the Tronnnnel the device of FIG. 1, 2 in side view and in longitudinal section
- Fig. 6a, b a rotary distributor for the refrigerant of the device of FIG.
- the device 10 shown in Fig. 1, 2 is used for skinning fish fillets. It has a frame 12, on which a conveyor 14 is mounted, which has a plurality of spaced apart parallel conveyor belts 16, which are guided over deflecting rollers 18.
- the conveyor belts 16 are driven by a motor and run in the illustration of FIG. 1 in a clockwise direction, whereby the conveying direction 20 is defined.
- the conveyor belts 16 are made of flexible material which has a certain elasticity, so that they can bend and stretch between the guide rollers 18 to a certain extent when they are subjected to a force.
- a drum 22 is rotatably arranged and driven by a motor about a horizontally and transversely to the conveying direction 20 extending axis of rotation 12 on the conveyor 14.
- the drum 22 has a cylindrical outer contour and is in contact with the conveyor belts 16. It is rotated at a speed which coincides as exactly as possible with the feed speed of the conveyor belts 16 in the conveying direction 20 on the cylinder jacket.
- the drum 22 is kept constant at a temperature below the freezing point, in the present embodiment at a temperature between -10 ° C and -15 ° C by means of a refrigerant.
- a cutting device 28 is mounted on the frame 12, which has a band knife with a circumferential knife band 32 guided over two deflection wheels 30.
- the knife band 32 has a cutting edge 34, which is arranged at a small distance from the lateral surface of the drum 22 and separates the fish fillets from their frozen on the drum 22 hides.
- the skinned fish fillets then fall back onto the conveyor 14 and are further conveyed in the conveying direction 20 and fed to further processing.
- the skins adhering to the drum 22 are stripped from the drum 22 by a scraper 36 mounted on the frame 12.
- a holding-down device in the form of a plate 38 is mounted on the frame 12 so as to be pivotable about a pivot axis 40 in front of the drum 22.
- the lower edge 42 of the plate 38 rests on the conveyor belts 16 or is located at a small distance above them.
- An incoming fish fillet is powered by the lower edge 42, which smoothes the upper skin. Furthermore, any impurities are removed from the skin and the water sprayed on the skin is evenly distributed.
- the lower edge 42 may also have a contour that is adapted to the shape of the fish fillets.
- the smoothing of the skin causes a more uniform freezing on the drum 22.
- the plate 38 keeps water of the sprayer 26 from the drum 22 from. There is no fish fillet on the plate 38, it is pivoted by its gravity back to its original position, so that it no longer rests against the cold drum 22.
- the cutting edge 34 is acted upon by force, so that a torque acts on the knife band 32. To avoid unwanted movements of the knife band 32, this is in the region in which it is guided along the lateral surface of the drum 22, received in a guide device 44.
- the guide device 44 has two guide strips 46, 48, which are connected to one another by means of a connecting section 50.
- the knife band 32 is received between the guide rails 46,48 so that its broad sides run along them.
- the guide rails 46,48 are arranged at a distance from each other which is slightly larger than the thickness of the knife band 32.
- the guide device 44 is open, so that the cutting edge 34 can protrude from it.
- the guide means 44 not only prevents unwanted movements of the knife band 32, but can also cause a positive guidance of the otherwise straight knife band 32.
- the cutting device 28 can then perform cuts by means of the positive guide, which run along a curved line and the band knife 32 can be recognized over its course at different angles to the fish fillet, so as to take account of different forms of fish fillets.
- the spacing of the cutting edge 34 from the drum 22 can be varied in order to be able to obtain different cutting thicknesses.
- the guide rails 46, 48 are mounted on a holder 45, which can be arranged at different, continuously variable intervals to the drum 22 by receiving frame-fixed bolts or screws 49 in slots 47.
- the scraper 36 has a mounted on a support 52 body 54 which in turn has a scraper edge 56 which is at a small distance to Jacket surface of the drum 22 is arranged. Starting from the scraping edge 56, the body 54 has a recess 58 with a curved, partially rounded surface, through which the stripped skin is rolled up, so that it can be easily removed and disposed of.
- the drum 22 shown in detail in FIGS. 5a, 5b is designed as a hollow cylinder which has a core 60 made of plastic.
- the axis of rotation 24 extends through the cavity 62 of the core 60.
- coolant channels 66 are arranged, which serve the supply and discharge of a drum 22 cooling refrigerant.
- a cylindrical outer jacket 68 made of aluminum is pushed, whose outer surface forms the lateral surface 70 of the drum 22 and whose inner surface bounds portions of the coolant channels 66.
- This has a stationary stator 74 and a rotatably mounted in the stator 74 by means of a rotary bearing 76 rotor part 78, which at the same time the axis of rotation 24 for the drum 22 forms.
- a supply port 80 and a discharge port 82 for the refrigerant are introduced via the supply port 80 in a stationary tube 84 which passes through the rotor member 78 and which opens into one of the coolant channels 66.
- the space between the pipe 84 and the rotor part 78 serves as a discharge line 86, through which the spent refrigerant is returned to the discharge port 82.
- Fig. 6a, 6b are the supply port 80 and the discharge port 82 to the right of the pivot bearing 76.
- a first seal assembly 88 having a plurality of spaced apart the rotor member 78 surrounding sealing rings and between the sealing rings arranged oil or fat pockets, the Pivot bearing 76, which is filled with a water-repellent lubricant, in this case silicone oil, sealed against the terminals 80,82 so that no refrigerant in the pivot bearing 76th can get.
- a second seal assembly 90 On the side facing away from the terminals 80,82 of the rotary bearing 76 this is sealed from the environment by a second seal assembly 90.
- This has two mutually spaced, the rotor part 78 surrounding rings sealing rings 92 and arranged between the sealing rings 92 grease or oil pocket 94.
- the second sealing arrangement 90 prevents water vapor from entering the rotary bearing 76 and freezing there, and ice crystals forming on the drum 22 enter the rotary bearing 76 and damage it over time.
- the drum 22, the scraper 36 and the knife band 32 and its guide means 44 are detachably and interchangeably mounted.
- the scraper 36 must also be able to be removed from the drum 22 when decommissioning the skinning device 10 so as not to be in their heat-related expansion in the way.
- the conveyor 14, the drum 22 and the cutter 28 are driven separately by means of a respective motor.
- the device 10 shown in the embodiment serves the skinning of fish fillets. It goes without saying, however, that a device with a corresponding structure can also generally be used for separating the outer layers of food portions.
- the rotary distributor 72 is advantageously used in the skinning device 10 according to the embodiment shown. However, it could also be used in any other machine in which a rotating machine part, a liquid, in particular a refrigerant, is performed.
- the invention relates to a device 10 for removing the outer layers of food portions, in particular for skinning fish fillets, with a conveying device 14 for conveying the food portions in a conveying direction 20, with a drum 22 rotatably arranged above the conveying device 14 about a horizontal axis of rotation 24 running transversely to the conveying direction 20 and can be cooled to a temperature below the freezing point for freezing the outer layers and with a cutting device 28, which has a spaced from the outer surface 70 of the drum 22 cutting edge 34 for separating the frozen on the drum 22 outer layers of the food portions.
- a holding-down device 38 is arranged above the conveying device 14, which has a lower edge 42 extending transversely to the conveying direction 20 for pressing on the food portions.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Processing Of Meat And Fish (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE112012002230.0T DE112012002230A5 (en) | 2011-05-24 | 2012-04-23 | Device for removing the outer layers of food portions |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102011103018A DE102011103018A1 (en) | 2011-05-24 | 2011-05-24 | Device for removing the outer layers of food portions |
DE102011103018.6 | 2011-05-24 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012159832A1 true WO2012159832A1 (en) | 2012-11-29 |
Family
ID=45998368
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2012/057348 WO2012159832A1 (en) | 2011-05-24 | 2012-04-23 | Apparatus for removing the outer layers from portions of food |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
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DE (2) | DE102011103018A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012159832A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9545115B2 (en) | 2015-04-21 | 2017-01-17 | Marvel Meat Processing Inc. | Automatic skinning device |
Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2380755A (en) * | 1943-10-05 | 1945-07-31 | Columbia River Packers Ass Inc | Rotary fish skinner |
DE1429907A1 (en) | 1963-06-12 | 1968-11-28 | Fiskeridirektoratets Kjemisk T | Method and device for processing or handling fish |
DE2254284A1 (en) | 1972-11-06 | 1974-05-22 | Nordischer Maschinenbau | SKINNING MACHINE FOR FISH FILLETS |
DD225041A1 (en) | 1984-05-07 | 1985-07-24 | Volkswerft Stralsund Veb | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETERMINING FISHING |
DE3730806C1 (en) * | 1987-07-04 | 1988-12-08 | Juergen Wutke | Device for making pieces of ice |
WO1999007228A1 (en) * | 1997-08-12 | 1999-02-18 | Trio Industrier As | A method in mechanical treatment of fish or meat fillets or pieces, respectively, and arrangements in a machine for such processing |
US6120369A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 2000-09-19 | Trio Industrier As | Method and a machine for cutting fish-cutlets |
WO2012011818A1 (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2012-01-26 | Trio Food Processing Machinery As | Fish processing machine |
-
2011
- 2011-05-24 DE DE102011103018A patent/DE102011103018A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
2012
- 2012-04-23 DE DE112012002230.0T patent/DE112012002230A5/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2012-04-23 WO PCT/EP2012/057348 patent/WO2012159832A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2380755A (en) * | 1943-10-05 | 1945-07-31 | Columbia River Packers Ass Inc | Rotary fish skinner |
DE1429907A1 (en) | 1963-06-12 | 1968-11-28 | Fiskeridirektoratets Kjemisk T | Method and device for processing or handling fish |
DE2254284A1 (en) | 1972-11-06 | 1974-05-22 | Nordischer Maschinenbau | SKINNING MACHINE FOR FISH FILLETS |
DD225041A1 (en) | 1984-05-07 | 1985-07-24 | Volkswerft Stralsund Veb | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR DETERMINING FISHING |
DE3730806C1 (en) * | 1987-07-04 | 1988-12-08 | Juergen Wutke | Device for making pieces of ice |
US6120369A (en) * | 1994-03-11 | 2000-09-19 | Trio Industrier As | Method and a machine for cutting fish-cutlets |
WO1999007228A1 (en) * | 1997-08-12 | 1999-02-18 | Trio Industrier As | A method in mechanical treatment of fish or meat fillets or pieces, respectively, and arrangements in a machine for such processing |
WO2012011818A1 (en) * | 2010-07-20 | 2012-01-26 | Trio Food Processing Machinery As | Fish processing machine |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US9545115B2 (en) | 2015-04-21 | 2017-01-17 | Marvel Meat Processing Inc. | Automatic skinning device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE112012002230A5 (en) | 2014-03-13 |
DE102011103018A1 (en) | 2012-11-29 |
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