WO2012150865A1 - Energy efficient process for producing nitrogen oxide - Google Patents
Energy efficient process for producing nitrogen oxide Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012150865A1 WO2012150865A1 PCT/NO2012/050073 NO2012050073W WO2012150865A1 WO 2012150865 A1 WO2012150865 A1 WO 2012150865A1 NO 2012050073 W NO2012050073 W NO 2012050073W WO 2012150865 A1 WO2012150865 A1 WO 2012150865A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/20—Nitrogen oxides; Oxyacids of nitrogen; Salts thereof
- C01B21/203—Preparation of nitrogen oxides using a plasma or an electric discharge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J19/087—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J19/088—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/20—Nitrogen oxides; Oxyacids of nitrogen; Salts thereof
- C01B21/24—Nitric oxide (NO)
- C01B21/30—Preparation by oxidation of nitrogen
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
- B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
- B01J2219/0809—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes employing two or more electrodes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
- B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
- B01J2219/0824—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes
- B01J2219/0826—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes essentially linear
- B01J2219/0828—Wires
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J2219/0805—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges
- B01J2219/0807—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy giving rise to electric discharges involving electrodes
- B01J2219/0824—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes
- B01J2219/0826—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes essentially linear
- B01J2219/083—Details relating to the shape of the electrodes essentially linear cylindrical
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J2219/085—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy creating magnetic fields
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0803—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy
- B01J2219/085—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy creating magnetic fields
- B01J2219/0858—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor employing electric or magnetic energy creating magnetic fields employing moving elements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0869—Feeding or evacuating the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0871—Heating or cooling of the reactor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0873—Materials to be treated
- B01J2219/0875—Gas
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for producing NO gas from a feed flow of air or oxygen enriched air, by means of moving an electric arc through the air flow by using a magnetic field and AC or DC currents, in a reactor.
- the process can be carried out by using a reactor comprising an arc and plasma disc section and a heat exchanger section.
- the four first processes were dominating, and for a period they were competing.
- the electric arc process reacted nitrogen with oxygen according to the reaction:
- the B-E process was completely different from the other processes by the way it controlled the intensity of the electric arc by means of a magnetic field.
- the electric arc was shaped into a two dimensional disk.
- the air was fed into the plasma disk perpendicular through ceramic perforated plates on both sides of the disk. The air was leaving radially into the outer circular collection tube.
- the B-E process was easier to scale up, start up, operate and control compared to other processes.
- the Schonherr process developed by BASF was an electric arc in a tube reactor with heat recovery from a counter current heat exchange between feed and product gases.
- the tube reactor gave a better potential for operating under higher pressure.
- the Schonherr reactors were also installed at Notodden.
- the temperature in the arc was calculated to be in the range between 3000 and 4000 K.
- the yield was normally described by the percentage of NO achieved in the air outlet, and was from 1 % to 2%.
- the global research with several types of small-scale reactors had given higher yields, but most attempts to increase scale and capacity failed to meet the expectations.
- the energy consumption for the B-E process was described as kgHNO 3 / kilowatt year.
- the energy consumption at 3200 K was 285 kgHNO 3 / kilowatt year, and this corresponds to 474 GJ/tN. This includes all industrial losses.
- the reactors were performing much better over short periods with close follow-up.
- the load per reactor also had a significant effect on the energy consumption.
- the high energy consumption was explained by the frames given for the reaction:
- Swiss Patent 105135 of April 5 1917 describes the use of several arcs arranged to give a continuous plasma arc which is further chilled by external gases alone or with gas containing solids. No performance data given.
- British Patent 159709 of March 10 1921 describes a method of using magnetic fields to shape a nozzle-like electric arc. No performance data given.
- US Patent 1 ,902,384 of March 21 1933 describes a method for shaping the plasma arc by means of a magnetic field without alternating the current. No performance data given. US Patent 2,485,476 of October 1949 describes a method of combining high potential and low potential electrodes operating cyclically. The claimed effect being that through wavelength adjustment the yield can be optimized. One claim is also covering operation at a half atmosphere. Reported results range from 30 to 120gHNO 3 , which corresponds to 6.6 to 24 GJ/tN.
- British Patent 700,801 of December 9 1953 describes a method for achieving two plasma phases, one producing negative ions and the other producing positive ions, by high frequency alternation of the electric field. Mixing and extracting the mix from the plasma zone is further reducing the decomposition of the formed oxides.
- British Patent 915,771 of Jan 16 1963 describes a method operating at excess of 400mmHg, applying an alternating electric field of radio frequency, producing cold plasma. The process is applied for different processes. No results from the 400mmHg operation for NO. From operating at 1 atm, 0.3% to 5% NO is reported with an energy consumption of 16-68gHNOs/kwh. 16gHNOs/kwh is below the theoretically possible.
- US Patent 3,666,408 of May 30 1972 describes a process where the oxygen and nitrogen plasma is made and expanded into a mixing zone.
- the patent is superseding US Patent 805,069 of December 27 1968 and US Pat 639,880 of May 19 1967.
- the applied expansion ratio ranges from 30:1 to 200:1 .
- the lowest energy consumption reported for this process is 2000-3000 BTU/lb of gas treated, which corresponds to from 86 to 130 GJ/tN.
- the additional energy consumption for air separation and compression seems to give this process unacceptable and unavoidable energy consumption.
- NO12961 describes the use of a magnetic field to expand the surface and contact phase between the arc and air and in that way release high amounts of energy into a large volume of air.
- NO20487 applies lower pressure to reduce the energy intensity and temperature of the plasma to facilitate contact cooling of the arc itself.
- the patent is referring to Journal of chemical Soc. 1897, vol 71 , page 181 and is stating that the lowering of the pressure alone has no independent effect on the yield.
- the challenge has been to design a process where the high temperature arc can split a high fraction of the Nitrogen molecules and where the created plasma can be stabilized and cooled without damaging the containment materials.
- the disclosed invention is an energy efficient process for making NO from air or air enriched by oxygen.
- the invention is applying an electric arc which is shaped and controlled by means of a magnetic field.
- the purpose of the magnetic field is to move the electric arc through the air and plasma at a high speed and longer path, which will give a mix of ionized and dissociated air.
- Both AC and DC current can be applied.
- AC will give alternating movements in opposite directions.
- the process is operating below atmospheric pressure. This is increasing the dissociation in the plasma and reducing the decomposition rate of the formed NO.
- the process can also apply a direct flow of relatively cold air for quenching the plasma, before contact-cooling the plasma in a counter current heat exchanger. The exchange of heat takes place between feed into and the product going out of the reactor.
- the process can fix nitrogen from air with an energy consumption of 30GJ/tonne N or lower, depending on the applied energy recovery principles.
- the present process can be carried out by using a reactor comprising an arc and plasma disc section and a heat exchanger section.
- the present invention relates to a process for producing NO gas from a feed flow of air or oxygen enriched air, by means of moving an electric arc through the air flow by using a magnetic field and AC or DC currents, in a reactor, wherein a pressure lower than 1 bar is applied, wherein the temperature in the exited arc is adjusted to be within the range of 3000 to 5000 Kelvin, and wherein the air flow is quenched by applying a spray of fine water droplets upstream or just downstream the arc, excess air feed or bypassed air to obtain a stable NO-containing plasma having a temperature below 2000 Kelvin.
- the pressure is 0.1 -1 bar, preferably 0.2-0.8 bar, more preferably about 0.5 bar.
- the temperature in the exited arc is adjusted to be within the range of 3500 and 4700 Kelvin.
- the air flow is quenched by applying a spray of fine water droplets upstream or just downstream the arc, excess air feed or bypassed air to obtain a stable NO-containing plasma having a temperature below 1500 Kelvin.
- the reactor is an arc and plasma disc reactor.
- the arc and plasma disc reactor comprises a heat exchanger, to reduce the retention time and to combine cooling of the product gas and preheat of the feed gas.
- the heat exchanger is a shell and tube heat exchanger.
- the heat exchanger is a counter current heat exchanger.
- the retention time is further reduced by using the heat exchanger tube ends as anodes for rotating plasma arc cones with the corresponding cathodes placed opposite to each tube. In a further embodiment of the process, the retention time is reduced to 0.1 second to achieve 8 volume % NO, preferably less than 0.001 second to achieve 12 volume % NO.
- the present process can be carried out by using a reactor comprising an arc and plasma disc section with water spray quenching and a heat exchanger section.
- the heat exchanger is a shell and tube heat exchanger.
- the heat exchanger is a counter current heat exchanger.
- the reactor can also be described as an arc and plasma disc reactor comprising a heat exchanger.
- the present invention is based on a comprehensive study and reverse
- the new knowledge of prior art comprises the following combination of energy input to the process for the best performing high load 1 MW reactors:
- Figures 1 and 2 explain how the magnetic field is moving the arc through the plasma and air.
- Figure 3 shows a process description with flow numbers referring to table 2.
- Figure 4 shows how a counter current shell and tube heat exchanger is preheating the feed air and cooling the product gas from the plasma disc produced as in Figures 1 and 2.
- Figures 5 shows how the plasma arcs can be placed at each tube end of the heat exchanger, and how the feed of extra quench air and the cathodes are placed on the opposite side.
- Figure 6 shows how the reactor and heat exchanger is combined in one unit.
- (1 ) (1 .1 ) to (1 .7) are the electric arcs and gas generated directly by the electric arc.
- K is absolute temperature in Kelvin.
- tN is metric tonnes of Nitrogen.
- AH f is delta heat of formation for the reaction.
- HNOs is Nitric Acid.
- Figure 1 shows the principle for how the magnetic poles (4) are placed
- the electrodes (3.1 ) and (3.2) are approaching each other in the center of the horizontal plasma area.
- the magnetic field (2) is vertical to the plasma disc.
- the equilibrium consists of a combination of the dissociation of the species:
- the equilibrium model is a modified Arrhenius with Gibbs free energy from literature.
- the model was correlated against the known experimental and industrial data.
- Table 1 shows a simulation of the equilibrium conditions in the arc itself, using the pseudo equilibrium at the given temperature and pressure of the arc. The results show the required dissociation in the arc in order to get 1 -2% NO in the relatively cold plasma or gas outlet.
- Kelvin 3200 3200 4500 4500 4500 5500 The model includes the decomposition of the NO formed as a function of temperature and retention time after the electric arc.
- the model confirmed prior art and the scientific consensus that higher pressure would give a higher yield of NO, Ref. Table 1 High Pressure case 8 and Table 2 case 8.
- Table 2 shows the final outlet NO concentration and energy efficiency of the process as a function of varying the process conditions.
- the applied retention time from the arc to outlet (T9) is 1 second.
- P is the operating pressure for the reactor.
- NO is how much NO is analyzed in the gas outlet
- Recovery % is how much of the extracted energy is recovered as value, or how much the loss is reduced. The efficiency is not applied for compression energy.
- Cpr compression energy is calculated with 80% adiabatic efficiency and 25% recovery of energy in expander or suction turbine, otherwise no recovery.
- Ambient loss is the heat loss from surface of reactor and connected piping.
- Electrode loss is from cooling the electrode. This loss can be reduced by using the steam produced and or finding a better electrode material or by designing the anode as being cooled by the incoming air.
- Air outlet loss is energy in the gas after the quench. This can be recovered in a boiler as was done in the original design, but not credited to the process.
- the invention demonstrates the effect of cooling to a lower final temperature. This is mainly an energy recovery effect, but the yield is also improved through the improved cooling.
- the equipment required to design and operate such a process can be established by applying known unit operational principles, while securing a geometrical design meeting the simulated turbulence and retention time.
- the dimensions of the full scale process running at Notodden and Rjukan in Norway were by far optimized, but the 2 MW power per reactor unit of 1 meter diameter confirms that the process is industrially feasible.
- the present invention provides a process in which the feed air flows perpendicular into and out of the electric arc plasma disc. This is shortening the retention time and increasing the mixing and turbulence significantly from prior art.
- FIG 4 shows a principle for how the gases can be preheated and cooled in a counter current heat exchanger (16).
- the heat exchange secure lower energy requirement to reach the optimum plasma conditions.
- Feed air flow (5) goes through the heat-exchanger (16) tubes.
- the tubes are equipped with heat resistant nozzles (7) for pressure drop and jet feeding the air to the reactor (15) where the electric arc (1 ) is heating the air going through it.
- the gas leaving the plasma arc (8) is quenched with a spray of water coming from the nozzle cooling water (1 1 .2) and or mixed with the air feed (1 1 .1 ) which is not going through the electric arc (1 ).
- the gas outlet (9) on the shell side of the heat exchanger (16) is cooled by the air feed (5) on the tube side.
- the magnetic field is running parallel with the length of the tubes.
- Figure 5 shows a principle for further improvement by using rotating conical electric plasma arcs (1 ) on each tube.
- the tubes are the anodes (3.1 ) and the cathodes (3.2) are placed opposite the tube-end anodes.
- the current can be DC.
- Air feed (5) is entering through the heat exchanger (16) tubes and product gas (9) is leaving the heat exchanger (16) shell side.
- the optional quenching gas which optionally can containing a fine water droplet spray (1 1 ) is entering from the cathode side and is mixed with the plasma arc (1 ) to form colder stable plasma (8), which is further cooled in the heat exchanger (16) shell side to become the product gas (9).
- the electric arc (1 ) is rotating in the plasma.
- the magnetic field is running parallel with the length of the tubes. In this case anode cooling will not be required, and the tube can preferably be made of copper.
- Figure 6 shows how the reactor and heat exchanger are combined in one unit.
- the feed air (5) is preheated and the outlet gas (9) is cooled.
- the reactor (15) contains the electric arc (1 ) and the mixed plasma zone (8).
- the air is entering (5) through the tube side of the heat exchanger (16) before being jetted into the reactor through nozzles (7).
- the air is mixed and heated by the arc (1 ) before the mix is leaving through the shell side of the heat exchanger (16) to the outlet (9).
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (12)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES12779594.6T ES2641945T3 (en) | 2011-05-04 | 2012-04-23 | Energy efficient procedure for the production of nitrogen oxide |
PL12779594T PL2704989T3 (en) | 2011-05-04 | 2012-04-23 | Energy efficient process for producing nitrogen oxide |
EP12779594.6A EP2704989B1 (en) | 2011-05-04 | 2012-04-23 | Energy efficient process for producing nitrogen oxide |
RS20170964A RS56365B1 (en) | 2011-05-04 | 2012-04-23 | Energy efficient process for producing nitrogen oxide |
DK12779594.6T DK2704989T3 (en) | 2011-05-04 | 2012-04-23 | Energy efficient process for the production of nitric oxide |
SI201231067T SI2704989T1 (en) | 2011-05-04 | 2012-04-23 | Energy efficient process for producing nitrogen oxide |
CA2834220A CA2834220C (en) | 2011-05-04 | 2012-04-23 | Energy efficient process for producing nitrogen oxide |
LTEP12779594.6T LT2704989T (en) | 2011-05-04 | 2012-04-23 | Energy efficient process for producing nitrogen oxide |
US14/113,703 US9221682B2 (en) | 2011-05-04 | 2012-04-23 | Energy efficient process for producing nitrogen oxide |
CN201280021738.5A CN103648975B (en) | 2011-05-04 | 2012-04-23 | Produce the high energy efficiency technique of nitrogen oxide |
BR112013028150-2A BR112013028150B1 (en) | 2011-05-04 | 2012-04-23 | process to produce gas from an air supply stream or oxygen-rich air |
HRP20171444TT HRP20171444T1 (en) | 2011-05-04 | 2017-09-26 | Energy efficient process for producing nitrogen oxide |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO20110659 | 2011-05-04 | ||
NO20110659A NO334933B1 (en) | 2011-05-04 | 2011-05-04 | Energy efficient process for producing nitric oxide |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2012150865A1 true WO2012150865A1 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
Family
ID=47107938
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/NO2012/050073 WO2012150865A1 (en) | 2011-05-04 | 2012-04-23 | Energy efficient process for producing nitrogen oxide |
Country Status (15)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US9221682B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2704989B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103648975B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112013028150B1 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2834220C (en) |
DK (1) | DK2704989T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2641945T3 (en) |
HR (1) | HRP20171444T1 (en) |
LT (1) | LT2704989T (en) |
NO (1) | NO334933B1 (en) |
PL (1) | PL2704989T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT2704989T (en) |
RS (1) | RS56365B1 (en) |
SI (1) | SI2704989T1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012150865A1 (en) |
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KR101540543B1 (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2015-07-29 | 황보기만 | A generator of steam containing nitric oxide have a means of suppliing water |
CN104961112A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-10-07 | 浙江大学 | Nitrogen oxide preparation method and device |
KR101818335B1 (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2018-02-21 | 황보기만 | A system of supply heat and misture into dual green house |
WO2020115473A1 (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2020-06-11 | C-Tech Innovation Limited | Production of nitrogen oxides |
CN113522205A (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2021-10-22 | 内蒙古子申企业管理有限公司 | Fertile device of agricultural new forms of energy gas |
SE2150049A1 (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2022-07-20 | Nitrocapt Ab | Method for the synthesis of nitrogen oxides in a thermal reactor |
KR20230121511A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2023-08-18 | 황보기만 | Nitric oxide water generation system having purifying part for automatically purifying water in reaction hamber |
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CA3046325C (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2021-05-04 | Origin, Inc. | A device and method for producing high-concentration, low-temperature nitric oxide |
JP6846235B2 (en) * | 2017-03-01 | 2021-03-24 | 東京瓦斯株式会社 | Nitrogen dioxide enriched gas production equipment and nitrogen dioxide enriched gas production method |
WO2019040775A1 (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-02-28 | Bio-Flex Labs, LLC | Apparatus and methods for fertilizer production |
NO345195B1 (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-11-02 | N2 Applied As | Nitrogen enrichment of organic fertilizer with nitrate and air plasma |
CN113735632B (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2022-05-17 | 重庆大学 | Magnetic control type nitrogen fertilizer preparation system by using air plasma |
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GB191300866A (en) * | 1913-01-11 | 1913-05-08 | George Harker | Improvements in Electric Furnaces for Fixing Nitrogen from the Air. |
US3666408A (en) * | 1970-02-16 | 1972-05-30 | Aristid V Grosse | Process for the production of oxides of nitrogen |
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GB105135A (en) * | 1916-04-28 | 1917-04-05 | Anton Victor Lipinski | Process and Apparatus for Effecting Chemical Reactions by Means of Electric Arcs. |
US1586823A (en) * | 1917-08-29 | 1926-06-01 | Edwin S Matthews | Process of producing nitrogen compounds and apparatus therefor |
GB159709A (en) * | 1919-12-31 | 1921-03-10 | Frederick Henry Loring | Improvements in or relating to electrodes for oxidising nitrogen |
NL32594C (en) * | 1931-10-16 | |||
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- 2012-04-23 US US14/113,703 patent/US9221682B2/en active Active
- 2012-04-23 EP EP12779594.6A patent/EP2704989B1/en active Active
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- 2012-04-23 WO PCT/NO2012/050073 patent/WO2012150865A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-04-23 CN CN201280021738.5A patent/CN103648975B/en active Active
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- 2012-04-23 CA CA2834220A patent/CA2834220C/en active Active
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- 2012-04-23 ES ES12779594.6T patent/ES2641945T3/en active Active
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- 2012-04-23 DK DK12779594.6T patent/DK2704989T3/en active
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Cited By (11)
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KR101540543B1 (en) * | 2014-08-26 | 2015-07-29 | 황보기만 | A generator of steam containing nitric oxide have a means of suppliing water |
CN104961112A (en) * | 2015-05-29 | 2015-10-07 | 浙江大学 | Nitrogen oxide preparation method and device |
KR101818335B1 (en) | 2016-04-25 | 2018-02-21 | 황보기만 | A system of supply heat and misture into dual green house |
WO2020115473A1 (en) | 2018-12-03 | 2020-06-11 | C-Tech Innovation Limited | Production of nitrogen oxides |
SE2150049A1 (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2022-07-20 | Nitrocapt Ab | Method for the synthesis of nitrogen oxides in a thermal reactor |
WO2022159018A1 (en) * | 2021-01-19 | 2022-07-28 | Nitrocapt Ab | Method for the synthesis of nitrogen oxides and nitric acid in a thermal reactor |
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CN113522205B (en) * | 2021-08-03 | 2022-05-31 | 内蒙古子申企业管理有限公司 | Fertile device of agricultural new forms of energy gas |
KR20230121511A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2023-08-18 | 황보기만 | Nitric oxide water generation system having purifying part for automatically purifying water in reaction hamber |
KR102651722B1 (en) | 2022-02-11 | 2024-04-02 | 황보대화 | Nitric oxide water generation system having purifying part for automatically purifying water in reaction hamber |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2641945T3 (en) | 2017-11-14 |
CN103648975B (en) | 2015-12-02 |
NO334933B1 (en) | 2014-07-14 |
US20140127118A1 (en) | 2014-05-08 |
PT2704989T (en) | 2017-10-05 |
LT2704989T (en) | 2017-11-10 |
HRP20171444T1 (en) | 2017-11-03 |
CN103648975A (en) | 2014-03-19 |
BR112013028150B1 (en) | 2021-02-09 |
PL2704989T3 (en) | 2017-12-29 |
EP2704989A1 (en) | 2014-03-12 |
NO20110659A1 (en) | 2012-11-05 |
RS56365B1 (en) | 2017-12-29 |
BR112013028150A2 (en) | 2017-04-25 |
EP2704989A4 (en) | 2014-10-22 |
EP2704989B1 (en) | 2017-06-28 |
US9221682B2 (en) | 2015-12-29 |
DK2704989T3 (en) | 2017-10-09 |
CA2834220C (en) | 2019-10-15 |
CA2834220A1 (en) | 2012-11-08 |
SI2704989T1 (en) | 2017-11-30 |
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