WO2012146864A1 - Pièce comportant un revêtement sur un substrat métallique en superalliaae, le revêtement comprenant une sous-couche métallique - Google Patents
Pièce comportant un revêtement sur un substrat métallique en superalliaae, le revêtement comprenant une sous-couche métallique Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012146864A1 WO2012146864A1 PCT/FR2012/050890 FR2012050890W WO2012146864A1 WO 2012146864 A1 WO2012146864 A1 WO 2012146864A1 FR 2012050890 W FR2012050890 W FR 2012050890W WO 2012146864 A1 WO2012146864 A1 WO 2012146864A1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/005—Selecting particular materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/32—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer
- C23C28/321—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one pure metallic layer with at least one metal alloy layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
- C23C10/60—After-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C28/00—Coating for obtaining at least two superposed coatings either by methods not provided for in a single one of groups C23C2/00 - C23C26/00 or by combinations of methods provided for in subclasses C23C and C25C or C25D
- C23C28/30—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer
- C23C28/34—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates
- C23C28/345—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer
- C23C28/3455—Coatings combining at least one metallic layer and at least one inorganic non-metallic layer including at least one inorganic non-metallic material layer, e.g. metal carbide, nitride, boride, silicide layer and their mixtures, enamels, phosphates and sulphates with at least one oxide layer with a refractory ceramic layer, e.g. refractory metal oxide, ZrO2, rare earth oxides or a thermal barrier system comprising at least one refractory oxide layer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C30/00—Coating with metallic material characterised only by the composition of the metallic material, i.e. not characterised by the coating process
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12611—Oxide-containing component
- Y10T428/12618—Plural oxides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12944—Ni-base component
Definitions
- the invention relates to a part comprising a coating on a substrate, the coating comprising a metal underlayer covering said substrate.
- Such a part is in particular a metal part called to withstand high mechanical and thermal stresses in operation, in particular a part with a superalloy substrate.
- a thermomechanical part constitutes in particular an aeronautical or terrestrial turbine engine part.
- Said part may in particular constitute a blade or a turbomachine turbine distributor and in particular a turbojet engine or an airplane turboprop engine.
- the limit temperature of use of the superalloys is of the order of 1100 ° C, the temperature of the gases at the outlet of the combustion chamber or turbine inlet up to 1600 ° C.
- thermal barriers in aircraft engines has become widespread over the last thirty years and makes it possible to increase the inlet temperature of the gases in the turbines, to reduce the flow of cooling air and thus to improve engine performance.
- this insulating coating makes it possible to create a thermal gradient on a cooled part, in steady state of operation. through the coating, the total amplitude of which may exceed 100 ° C for a coating of approximately 150 to 200 m in thickness with a conductivity of 1.1 Wm ⁇ .K "1.
- the operating temperature of the underlying metal forming the Substrate for the coating is decreased by the same gradient, which results in significant gains in the necessary cooling air volume, the service life of the part and the specific turbine engine consumption.
- a thermal barrier comprising a yttria-stabilized zirconia-based ceramic layer, namely a yttria-containing zirconia comprising a molar content of yttrium oxide between 4 and 12% (especially between 6 and 8%), which has a coefficient of expansion different from the superalloy constituting the substrate and a relatively low thermal conductivity.
- the stabilized zirconia may also contain in certain cases at least one oxide of a member selected from the group consisting of rare earths, preferably in the subgroup: Y (yttrium), Dy (dysprosium), Er (erbium), Eu (europium), Gd (gadolinium), Sm (samarium), Yb (ytterbium), or a combination of a tantalum oxide (Ta) and at least one rare earth oxide, or with a combination of an oxide niobium (Nb) and at least one rare earth oxide.
- rare earths preferably in the subgroup: Y (yttrium), Dy (dysprosium), Er (erbium), Eu (europium), Gd (gadolinium), Sm (samarium), Yb (ytterbium), or a combination of a tantalum oxide (Ta) and at least one rare earth oxide, or with a combination of an oxide niobium (Nb) and at least
- a metal underlayer with a coefficient of expansion ideally close to the substrate, is generally interposed between the substrate of the part and the ceramic layer.
- the metal sub-layer firstly makes it possible to reduce the stresses due to the difference between the thermal expansion coefficients of the ceramic layer and the superalloy forming the substrate.
- This underlayer also provides adhesion between the substrate of the part and the ceramic layer, knowing that the adhesion between the underlayer and the substrate of the part is by inter-diffusion, and that the adhesion between the underlayer and the ceramic layer is made by mechanical anchoring and by the propensity of the underlayment to develop at high temperature, at the ceramic / undercoat interface, a thin oxide layer that ensures chemical contact with the ceramic.
- this metal sub-layer ensures the protection of the superalloy of the part against corrosion and oxidation phenomena (the ceramic layer is permeable to oxygen).
- a sublayer consisting of a nickel aluminide comprising a metal selected from platinum, chromium, palladium, ruthenium, iridium, osmium, rhodium, or mixture of these metals and / or a reactive element selected from zirconium (Zr), cerium (Ce), lanthanum (La), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), hafnium (Hf), silicon (Si) and yttrium (Y).
- Zr zirconium
- Ce cerium
- La lanthanum
- Ti titanium
- Ta tantalum
- Hf hafnium
- Si silicon
- Y yttrium
- a (Ni, Pt) Al type coating is used in which the platinum is inserted into the nickel network of the ⁇ -NiAI intermetallic compounds. Platinum is deposited electrolytically before the thermochemical aluminization treatment.
- This metal sub-layer may in this case consist of a nickel-modified platinum nickel aluminide NiPtAI, according to a process comprising the following steps: the preparation of the surface of the workpiece by chemical etching and sandblasting; depositing on the part, by electrolysis, a platinum coating (Pt); the possible heat treatment of the assembly to diffuse Pt in the room; aluminum deposition (Al) by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD); the possible heat treatment of the assembly to diffuse Pt and Al in the room; preparing the surface of the formed metallic underlayer; and electron beam evaporation (EB-PVD) deposition of a ceramic coating.
- Pt platinum coating
- Al aluminum deposition
- CVD chemical vapor deposition
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- EB-PVD electron beam evaporation
- said underlayer consists of an alloy capable of forming by oxidation a layer of protective alumina: in particular, the use of a metal underlayer comprising aluminum generates by natural oxidation at a temperature of air a layer of alumina Al 2 0 3 which covers the entire underlayer.
- the purity and rate of growth of the interfacial oxide layer is a very important parameter in controlling the lifetime of the thermal barrier system.
- the ceramic layer is deposited on the part to be coated either by a projection technique (in particular plasma projection) or by physical vapor phase deposition, that is, that is to say by evaporation (for example by EB-PVD or "Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition" forming a coating deposited in an evaporation chamber under vacuum under electron bombardment).
- a projection technique in particular plasma projection
- physical vapor phase deposition that is, that is to say by evaporation (for example by EB-PVD or "Electron Beam Physical Vapor Deposition” forming a coating deposited in an evaporation chamber under vacuum under electron bombardment).
- a zirconia-based oxide deposit is carried out by techniques of the plasma projection type under a controlled atmosphere, which leads to the formation of a coating consisting of a stack of melted droplets and then impact-hardened, flattened and stacked so as to form an imperfectly densified deposit with a thickness generally of between 50 micrometers and 1 millimeter.
- a coating deposited by the physical route, and for example by evaporation under electron bombardment, generates a coating consisting of a columnar assembly oriented substantially perpendicular to the surface to be coated, to a thickness of between 20 and 600 microns.
- the inter-columnar space allows the coating to effectively compensate for the thermomechanical stresses due, at operating temperatures, to the expansion differential with the superalloying substrate.
- thermal barriers thus create a discontinuity of thermal conductivity between the outer coating of the mechanical part, forming the thermal barrier, and the substrate of this coating forming the constituent material of the part.
- a superalloy of the type of generation era "AMI” has the following composition, in percentages by weight: 5 to 8% Co; 6.5 to 10% Cr; 0.5 to 2.5% Mo; 5 to 9% W; 6-9% Ta; 4.5 to 5.8% Al; 1 to 2% Ti; 0 to 1.5% Nb; C, Zr, B each less than 0.01%; the 100% complement being constituted by Ni.
- the relative fragility of the metal sub-layer from a certain temperature for example the metal sub-layer p- (Ni, Pt) AI has a ductile-brittle phase transition temperature of the order of 700 ° C: it appears, for high mechanical stress, premature cracking of the sub-layer which then propagates in the substrate and leads to the deformation of the part, or even until breaking of the latter.
- hafnium in the substrate or directly in the composition of the metal underlayer. Indeed, it is known that hafnium improves the resistance to oxidation of the system but also significantly reduces the damage at the interface underlayer metal / substrate (Reference: “Effect of Hf, Y and In the underlying superalloy on the rumpling of diffusion aluminide coatings "- Acta Materialia, Volume 56, Issue 3, February 2008, Pages 489-499, VK Tolpygo, KS Murphy, Clarke DR).
- hafnium deposition by physical vapor deposition (PVD) techniques is relatively expensive.
- thermomechanical resistance of the part it has mainly been proposed changes in the chemical composition of the substrate, in particular by the addition of several percent of Re (Rhenium), especially between 3 and 6%.
- the present invention aims to provide a coating to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art and in particular offering the possibility of improving the thermomechanical strength of the metal underlayer of this thermal barrier.
- the coating comprises a ceramic layer on the metal underlayer it is also intended to improve the peeling life of the thermal barrier by reinforcing the oxidation resistance properties of the metal underlayer. and maintaining a low roughness surface condition for longer during thermal cycling.
- a part comprising a coating on a superalloy metal substrate, the coating comprising a metal underlayer covering said substrate, characterized in that said metal sub-layer contains a base of a nickel aluminide and further contains between 0.5 and 0.95 atomic% of one or more elements M stabilizers of gamma and gamma prime phases among the group consisting of Cu and Ag.
- the inventors have pointed out that with such a modification of the composition of the metal underlayer, a metal sublayer is obtained which is much more stable over time (better resistance to oxidation and better maintenance of the microstructure). in better crystallographic coherence with the superalloy substrate ( ⁇ and Y phases of the metal underlayer), with a coefficient of thermal expansion closer to the superalloy, and which is less subject to interdiffusion.
- This solution also has the additional advantage of allowing, in addition, a reduction in the oxidation kinetics of the underlayer.
- the metal underlayer is less prone to the formation of defects and thus maintains a longer surface state with a low roughness at its upper surface / interface with the ceramic layer. which helps to increase the life of the coating.
- said metal sub-layer comprises as stabilizing element M only Ag between 0.5 and 0.95 at%.
- this single stabilizing element Ag is present with a content of between 0.6 and 0.9 atomic%, and preferably with a content of between 0.7 and 0.85 atomic%.
- said metal sublayer comprises as stabilizing element M only Cu between 0.5 and 0.95 at%.
- this single stabilizing element Cu is present with a content of between 0.6 and 0.9 atomic%, and preferably with a content of between 0.7 and 0.85 atomic%.
- said metal sublayer further contains between 2 and 30 atomic%, and preferably between 15 and 25 atomic%, elements of the platinum mine so as to form a metal underlayer with a base type NPtAI.
- metal of the platinum or platinum mine is meant platinum, palladium, iridium, osmium, rhodium or ruthenium.
- said metal underlayer further contains at least one of the RE reactive elements comprising the following rare earth type reactive elements: Hf, Zr, Y, Sr, Ce, La, Si, Yb, Er and Si reactive element, with a content of each reactive element of between 0.05 and 0.25 atomic%.
- RE reactive elements comprising the following rare earth type reactive elements: Hf, Zr, Y, Sr, Ce, La, Si, Yb, Er and Si reactive element, with a content of each reactive element of between 0.05 and 0.25 atomic%.
- the metal sub-layer is NiAI (Pt) MRE type (with Pt a platinum mine element), or NiAIMRE type (without Pt element of the platinum mine).
- said metal sub-layer further contains as element (s) reagent (s) (RE): 0.05 ⁇ Hf ⁇ 0.2 atomic% and / or 0.05 ⁇ Y ⁇ 0.2 atomic% and / or 0.05 ⁇ 0.2% atomic.
- the metal underlayer contains a base of NiPtAI type, as stabilizing element M only of Ag between 0.75 and 0.9 atomic% and, as reactive elements 0.08 ⁇ Hf ⁇ 0.20 Atomic% , 0.10 ⁇ Y ⁇ 0.20 Atomic% and 0.15 ⁇ Si ⁇ 0.25 Atomic%.
- a metal sub-layer NiPtAIM type RE
- said metal sub-layer further contains between 5 and 36 atomic% of Al (aluminum), and preferably between 8 and 25 atomic% of Al; if the metal underlayer is of NiPtAIM (RE) type, then it preferably contains between 15 and 25 atomic% of Al.
- Al aluminum
- RE NiPtAIM
- said metal layer has a thickness of less than 20 ⁇ , preferably less than 15 ⁇ .
- said metal underlayer comprises a nickel aluminide base and further comprises a metal selected from platinum, chromium, palladium, ruthenium, iridium, osmium, rhodium, or a mixture of these metals and / or one or more reactive elements chosen from zirconium (Zr), cerium (Ce), lanthanum (La), strontium (Sr), hafnium (H, silicon (Si), l ytterbium (Yb), erbium (Er) and yttrium (Y).
- Zr zirconium
- Ce cerium
- La lanthanum
- Sr hafnium
- Si silicon
- Yb l ytterbium
- Er erbium
- Y yttrium
- said metal substrate of the part is nickel-based superalloy.
- said metal substrate is made of AMI type nickel base superalloy (NTa8CKWA).
- the invention is not limited to parts with a substrate formed of a nickel-based superalloy: a part in a cobalt-based superalloy may also comprise a coating with the composition according to the invention.
- the invention also relates to the case of a coating which further comprises a ceramic layer covering said metal sub-layer, and this to form a thermal barrier.
- the part according to the present invention belongs to a turbomachine turbine.
- the part belongs to a turbomachine and constitutes a blade, in particular a turbine blade, a distributor portion, a portion of an outer or inner shell of a turbine, or a portion of the wall of a combustion chamber.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view partially showing a mechanical part coated with a coating
- FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic sectional view partially showing a mechanical part coated with a coating forming a thermal barrier
- FIGS. 3 and 4 are micrographic sections representing the different layers of the thermal barrier on the surface of the part, after a cyclic oxidation withstand test, at two different magnifications, with a metal underlayer of the prior art ,
- FIG. 5 represents the composition profile of the metal sub-layer of the part of FIGS. 3 and 4, as a function of the depth
- FIGS. 6 and 7 are micrographic sections representing the different layers of the thermal barrier on the surface of the part, after a cyclic oxidation withstand test, at two different magnifications, with a metal underlayer according to the invention
- FIG. 8 represents the composition profile of the metal sub-layer of the part of FIGS. 6 and 7, as a function of the depth
- FIGS. 9 and 10 illustrate the resistance to flaking of various samples subjected to thermal cycling (cyclic oxidation at 1100 ° C. in air).
- the mechanical part partially shown in FIG. 1 comprises a coating 11 deposited on a substrate 12 made of superalloy, such as superalloys based on nickel and / or cobalt.
- the coating 11 comprises an underlayer metal 13 deposited on the substrate 12.
- An inter-diffusion zone 16 located on the surface of the substrate 12 is modified in operation by diffusion of certain elements of the metal sub-layer 13 in the substrate 12.
- the bonding underlayer 13 is a metal underlayer consisting of or comprising a nickel aluminide base optionally containing a metal selected from platinum, chromium, palladium, ruthenium, iridium, osmium, rhodium, or a mixture of these metals and / or a reactive element selected from zirconium (Zr), cerium (Ce), strontium (Sr), titanium (Ti), tantalum (Ta), hafnium ( Hf), silicon (Si) and yttrium (Y), in particular a metallic underlayer consisting of NiAIPt.
- Such a coating 11 is a protective coating used against the phenomena of corrosion and hot oxidation.
- said coating 11 further comprises a ceramic layer 14 covering said metal sub-layer 13.
- the thermal barrier coating 11 comprises a metal sub-layer 13 deposited on the substrate 12, and a ceramic layer 14 deposited on the underlayer 13
- the ceramic layer 14 is made of a yttriated zirconia base comprising a molar content of yttrium oxide between 4 and 12% (partially stabilized zirconia).
- Stabilized zirconia 14 may also contain in certain cases at least one oxide of a member selected from the group consisting of rare earths, preferably in the subgroup: Y (yttrium), Dy (dysprosium), Er (erbium), Eu (europium), Gd (gadolinium), Sm (samarium), Yb (ytterbium), or a combination of a tantalum oxide (Ta) and at least one rare earth oxide, or with a combination of a niobium oxide (Nb) and at least one rare earth oxide.
- the bonding underlayer 13 has been oxidized prior to the deposition of the ceramic layer 14, hence the presence an intermediate layer of alumina 15 between the underlayer 13 and the ceramic layer 14.
- the part for example a turbine blade
- high temperature of the order of 1100 ° C.
- the structure of the thermal barrier 11 is shown after 300 thermal cycles of one hour at 1100 ° C. in air, in order to illustrate the cyclic oxidation behavior of a thermal barrier. of the prior art.
- This thermal barrier 11 of FIGS. 3 and 4 has been deposited on a nickel-based alloy substrate 12 of AMI or NTa8GKWA type and comprises a metal sub-layer 13 of - (Ni, Pt) AI ((Ni, Pt) AI of beta phase), surmounted by an intermediate layer of alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), itself covered with the ceramic layer 14 of stabilized zirconia.
- this inter-diffusion zone 16 located on the surface of the substrate 12 is characterized by heavy element precipitates and TCP phases (clear precipitates of globular and acicular forms). It is recalled that the TCP ("topologically close-packei") phases consist of precipitates of heavy elements which appear at the places where the diffusion of material is important, in the interdiffusion zone underlayer metal / substrate.
- FIGS. 6 to 8 respectively corresponding to representations similar to those of FIGS. 3 to 5, for a coating 11 having a metal underlayer 13 'and a ceramic layer 14.
- the metal sub-layer 13 ' has the composition according to the present invention.
- NiPtAI type ⁇ / ⁇ ' NiPtAI gamma / gamma prime
- Hf 0.13 atomic%
- Y 0.15 atomic
- Si 0.22 atomic%
- Ag 0.83 atomic%).
- the peeling strength of the samples E3 and E4 according to the invention is significantly improved under thermal cycling since the reference samples E1 and E2, without stabilizing element, are flaking is complete after 1000 cycles while for sample E3, 50% of the surface is still unscaled and for sample E4, 100% of the surface is still unshelled.
- this coating 11 according to the invention does not include TCP phases.
- the absence of interdiffusion zone with many precipitates involves the reduction of mechanical stresses in operation.
- this coating 11 in accordance with the invention does not exhibit a ⁇ - ⁇ (beta / gamma prime) phase transformation in the metal sub-layer 13 '.
- Table 2 shows the platinum and aluminum levels found under the oxide layer 15, in the metal sub-layer 13 or 13 ', at the specified depths:
- a metal underlayer 13 'with a composition according to the invention prevents the depletion of aluminum from the metal sub-layer 13' by diffusion to the substrate.
- the two metal sub-layers 13 and 13 ' are aluminous-forming (FIGS. 4 and 7).
- the roughness of the metal underlayer 13 increases after a thermal cycling of 1000 cycles, and shows a complete peeling. That of the metal underlayer 13 'according to the invention changes little, which ensures a good anchoring of the ceramic layer on the underlayer.
- the metal sub-layer 13 'according to the present invention can be made according to different deposition techniques.
- PVD physical vapor deposition
- a plasma spray type deposit for example LPPS for "Low Pressure Plasma Spraying" from a powder having the desired composition of the metal sub-layer 13 '.
- the deposition of the stabilizing elements M (Cu and / or Ag), and any reactive elements RE (Hf, Zr, Y, Sr, Ce, Sr, Si, Er, Yb) is carried out by physical deposition in vapor phase (PVD) or by flash sintering (SPS), and where appropriate, platinum elements electrolytically.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US14/114,680 US9546566B2 (en) | 2011-04-29 | 2012-04-24 | Part comprising a coating on a superalloy metal substrate, the coating including a metal underlayer |
| GB1320147.0A GB2516123B (en) | 2011-04-29 | 2012-04-24 | A part comprising a coating on a superalloy metal substrate, the coating including a metal underlayer |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1153678 | 2011-04-29 | ||
| FR1153678A FR2974581B1 (fr) | 2011-04-29 | 2011-04-29 | Piece comportant un revetement sur un substrat metallique en superalliage, le revetement comprenant une sous-couche metallique |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2012146864A1 true WO2012146864A1 (fr) | 2012-11-01 |
Family
ID=44279882
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR2012/050890 Ceased WO2012146864A1 (fr) | 2011-04-29 | 2012-04-24 | Pièce comportant un revêtement sur un substrat métallique en superalliaae, le revêtement comprenant une sous-couche métallique |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9546566B2 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2974581B1 (fr) |
| GB (1) | GB2516123B (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2012146864A1 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150056467A1 (en) * | 2012-04-02 | 2015-02-26 | Office National D'etudes Et De Recherches Aérospatiales | Method for Producing a Nickel Aluminide Coating on a Metal Substrate, and Part having One Such Coating |
| WO2017212193A1 (fr) * | 2016-06-10 | 2017-12-14 | Safran | Procédé de protection contre la corrosion et l'oxydation d'une pièce en superalliage monocristallin à base de nickel exempt d'hafnium |
| WO2019077271A1 (fr) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-25 | Safran | Piece de turbine en superalliage comprenant du rhenium et procede de fabrication associe |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB201402399D0 (en) * | 2014-02-12 | 2014-03-26 | Univ York | Alloy crystallisation method |
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| FR2289625A1 (fr) * | 1974-10-28 | 1976-05-28 | Chromalloy American Corp | Revetements de surface anticorrosion pour objets en metaux ferreux a joints brases |
| FR2473417A1 (fr) * | 1980-01-16 | 1981-07-17 | Gould Inc | Procede de fabrication d'un article metallique resistant a l'usure et article ainsi fabrique |
| US6838191B1 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2005-01-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Admistrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Blanch resistant and thermal barrier NiAl coating systems for advanced copper alloys |
| EP1767666A2 (fr) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-03-28 | General Electronic Company | Revêtement à base de gamma-prime Nickel aluminiure |
| FR2941967A1 (fr) * | 2009-02-11 | 2010-08-13 | Snecma | Methode de fabrication d'une barriere thermique recouvrant une piece realisee dans un substrat metallique en superalliage et piece thermomecanique resultant de cette methode de traitement |
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| US7045094B2 (en) * | 2000-12-12 | 2006-05-16 | Andrei Anatolyevich Axenov | Aluminum-based material and a method for manufacturing products from aluminum-based material |
| TW200827483A (en) | 2006-07-18 | 2008-07-01 | Exxonmobil Res & Eng Co | High performance coated material with improved metal dusting corrosion resistance |
| US8821654B2 (en) * | 2008-07-15 | 2014-09-02 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Pt metal modified γ-Ni+γ′-Ni3Al alloy compositions for high temperature degradation resistant structural alloys |
-
2011
- 2011-04-29 FR FR1153678A patent/FR2974581B1/fr active Active
-
2012
- 2012-04-24 GB GB1320147.0A patent/GB2516123B/en active Active
- 2012-04-24 US US14/114,680 patent/US9546566B2/en active Active
- 2012-04-24 WO PCT/FR2012/050890 patent/WO2012146864A1/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2289625A1 (fr) * | 1974-10-28 | 1976-05-28 | Chromalloy American Corp | Revetements de surface anticorrosion pour objets en metaux ferreux a joints brases |
| FR2473417A1 (fr) * | 1980-01-16 | 1981-07-17 | Gould Inc | Procede de fabrication d'un article metallique resistant a l'usure et article ainsi fabrique |
| US6838191B1 (en) * | 2003-05-20 | 2005-01-04 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Admistrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration | Blanch resistant and thermal barrier NiAl coating systems for advanced copper alloys |
| EP1767666A2 (fr) * | 2005-09-26 | 2007-03-28 | General Electronic Company | Revêtement à base de gamma-prime Nickel aluminiure |
| FR2941967A1 (fr) * | 2009-02-11 | 2010-08-13 | Snecma | Methode de fabrication d'une barriere thermique recouvrant une piece realisee dans un substrat metallique en superalliage et piece thermomecanique resultant de cette methode de traitement |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| V.K. TOLPYGO; K.S. MURPHY; D.R. CLARKH: "Effect of Hf, Y and C in the underlying superalloy on the rumpling of diffusion aluminide coatings", ACTA MATERIALIA, vol. 56, no. 3, February 2008 (2008-02-01), pages 489 - 499, XP022419152, DOI: doi:10.1016/j.actamat.2007.10.006 |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20150056467A1 (en) * | 2012-04-02 | 2015-02-26 | Office National D'etudes Et De Recherches Aérospatiales | Method for Producing a Nickel Aluminide Coating on a Metal Substrate, and Part having One Such Coating |
| US10549378B2 (en) * | 2012-04-02 | 2020-02-04 | Office National D'etudes Et De Recherches Aérospatiales | Method for producing a nickel aluminide coating on a metal substrate, and part having one such coating |
| WO2017212193A1 (fr) * | 2016-06-10 | 2017-12-14 | Safran | Procédé de protection contre la corrosion et l'oxydation d'une pièce en superalliage monocristallin à base de nickel exempt d'hafnium |
| FR3052464A1 (fr) * | 2016-06-10 | 2017-12-15 | Safran | Procede de protection contre la corrosion et l'oxydation d'une piece en superalliage monocristallin a base de nickel exempt d'hafnium |
| CN109312445A (zh) * | 2016-06-10 | 2019-02-05 | 赛峰集团 | 保护不含铪的镍基单晶超合金部件免受腐蚀和氧化的方法 |
| US11473185B2 (en) | 2016-06-10 | 2022-10-18 | Safran | Method for the protection of a hafnium-free, nickel-based monocrystalline superalloy part against corrosion and oxidation |
| WO2019077271A1 (fr) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-25 | Safran | Piece de turbine en superalliage comprenant du rhenium et procede de fabrication associe |
| FR3072717A1 (fr) * | 2017-10-20 | 2019-04-26 | Safran | Piece de turbine en superalliage comprenant du rhenium et procede de fabrication associe |
| US11293290B2 (en) | 2017-10-20 | 2022-04-05 | Safran | Turbine component made from superalloy comprising rhenium and associated manufacturing process |
| RU2770263C2 (ru) * | 2017-10-20 | 2022-04-14 | Сафран | Деталь турбины из суперсплава с содержанием рения и способ её изготовления |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US20140050940A1 (en) | 2014-02-20 |
| GB2516123A (en) | 2015-01-14 |
| GB201320147D0 (en) | 2014-01-01 |
| US9546566B2 (en) | 2017-01-17 |
| FR2974581B1 (fr) | 2013-05-31 |
| FR2974581A1 (fr) | 2012-11-02 |
| GB2516123B (en) | 2017-06-28 |
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