Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
  • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
  • B03C1/025—High gradient magnetic separators
  • B03C1/031—Component parts; Auxiliary operations
  • B03C1/033—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit
  • B03C1/0335—Component parts; Auxiliary operations characterised by the magnetic circuit using coils
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
  • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
  • B03B5/68—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by water impulse
  • B03B5/70—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by water impulse on tables or strakes
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
  • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
  • B03C1/04—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with the material carriers in the form of trays or with tables
  • B03C1/08—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with the material carriers in the form of trays or with tables with non-movable magnets
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
  • B03C1/02—Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
  • B03C1/30—Combinations with other devices, not otherwise provided for
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C1/00—Magnetic separation
  • B03C1/32—Magnetic separation acting on the medium containing the substance being separated, e.g. magneto-gravimetric-, magnetohydrostatic-, or magnetohydrodynamic separation
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
  • B03C2201/00—Details of magnetic or electrostatic separation
  • B03C2201/20—Magnetic separation of bulk or dry particles in mixtures

Definitions

• This invention relates to structure of strakes for gravitational settling from pulp of such heavy minerals, in initial granulometric composition of which prevail fine-dispersed and/or lamellar particles. These strakes are meant:
• tails of such natural placers which were mined by inadequate means, crushed dumps of mining and/or metallurgical works, and ashes of thermal power-stations that use hard fuel, and,
• the cells of said carpets can be loaded by sediment very quickly (usually for 1.5-2 hours of functioning) and tightly. Therefore, small grains and, especially, fine-dispersed and/or lamellar particles of gold skip over arisen bed and, together with pulp flux, take away into tails pile, and attainable percentage of the base product in obtained concentrate is substantially less than its eventual percentage.
• extraction about 300 tons of gold from placers in the Amur region of Russian Federation was finished in accumulation more than 10 9 m 3 tails, which - according to geologists' assessment - contain more than 600 tons of non-separated gold.
• the large (on reserves) and practically inaccessible (for usual extraction means) man-caused placers had appeared instead of natural placers.
• SU 831180 discloses a method for loosening of bed by forced oscillation of riffles of guides. However, this allows loosening only upper layer of detritus settled in the catching carpet's cells, but major portion of concentrate remains practically undisturbed.
• a flow-through gutter at least a bottom of which is made from non-ferromagnetic material, and which, in operative position, is inclined to the horizontal line and connected by upper end to a pulp source and by lower end to a tailing pile,
• this means is based on a pulse alternating current generator and solenoids, windings of which are connected to the pulse generator, and upper ends of which are placed under the catching carpet's cells equipped with said permanent magnetic elements.
• the known strake can be equipped with:
• a set of kinematically linked hard guides of deep filling each of which comprises of lengthwise undulating in plan riffles (these riffles are located either above the catching carpet in first strake section, or above the respective guides of shallow filling in any other strake section and connected to the proper reciprocal motion drives), and
• transversal riffles which are fixed rigidly in the guide frames between the rows of said undulating riffles and between each extreme row of such riffles and respective side of the flow- through gutter, and have height that is practically equal to the height of said lengthwise undulating riffles.
• the known elastic catching carpet (see Fig.2 of said RU 2095147) has:
• each cell is confined by a bottom and a skirting, an supporting substrate layer that, in operative position, located on the bottom of the flow- through gutter and fastened to the upper cellular layer, and
• said flat permanent magnet elements which are fixed in respect of the substrate layer and located at least under some cells of upper layer.
• a flow-through gutter at least a bottom of which is made from non-ferromagnetic material, and which, in operative position, is inclined to the horizontal line and connected by upper end to a pulp source and by lower end to a tailing pile,
• a preferably double-layer elastic cellular catching carpet placed, in operative position, on the flow-through gutter's bottom; this carpet has - an upper cellular layer, each cell of which is confined by a bottom and a skirting and, optionally, is equipped with a petal valve located above said bottom, and/or with filaments fastened to said bottom between the valve's petals and the skirting), and
• a substrate supporting layer which is equipped with permanent magnetic elements fixed at least under some cells of the upper cellular layer;
• each said set comprises of:
• axles of rotation of each row of said plate-shaped transversal riffles these axles pierce respective said flat insertions at a level no more than the half of their height
• this means is based on a pulse alternating current generator and solenoids, windings of which are connected to the pulse generator, and upper ends of which are placed under the catching carpet's cells equipped with said permanent magnetic elements.
• the compound lengthwise undulating riffles having said flat insertions between said half-sine parts and the catching carpet having said permanent magnetic elements must be made and mounted very precisely in order to provide shaking of bed and sediments within the carpet's cells only in aforesaid volumes.
• These conditions may be kept on application of small-sized strakes during geological exploration, but are practically unrealizable during large-scale mining of placers by big strakes.
• the upper cellular layer of the double-layer elastic catching carpet may drift irregularly about the lower supporting layer during each work cycle. These drifts decrease efficacy of shaking even if the known strake would use for geological exploration.
• unavoidable alternating-sign deformation of the lengthwise undulating riffles causes quite often breakages of said riffles in interfaces the half-sine parts and the flat insertions of theirs.
• the invention is based on the problem - by improvement of form and arrangement of means of deceleration of a pulp flux and loosening of a sediment by vertical pushes - to create a more simple and reliable strake for catching of any fine-dispersed and/or lamellar particles of heavy minerals.
• a strake for gravitational settling of heavy minerals from pulp comprises of:
• (1 ) a made from non-ferromagnetic material flow-through gutter, which is inclined in operative position to the horizontal line and connected by upper end to a pulp source and by lower end to a tailing pile,
• a set of kinematically linked hard guides of shallow filling which are independently connected to the drives for their reciprocal motion along the flow-through gutter's sides and said carpet; this set comprises of: (3a) a lower guide that is adjacent to the said carpet and comprises of a rigid frame and rigid preferably straight transversal riffles, and
• an upper guide that is placed above the lower guide and comprises of at least two rows of lengthwise undulating in plan riffles, each of which is composed of alternated in series to bulge direction half-sine parts,
• an intermediate resilient support that is located under the flow-through gutter's bottom and has regular recesses, central through hole under each recess, and placed within said recesses non-ferromagnetic pushers, and
• a means for excitation of vertical vibrations within the pulp flux is based on a pulse alternating current generator and solenoids having ferromagnetic irons, at that windings of the solenoids are connected to the pulse generator, and their irons are located under said central through holes in said resilient support and equipped additionally by lower stops.
• the proposed strake is substantially simpler and trouble-free.
• Operational testing of the strake showed that adjustable synchronous shaking of all sediment in the said carpet's cells (by said pushers) and mechanical loosening of a bed arisen above said catching carpet (by the lower guide) are well sufficient with the view of separation of the most part of fine-dispersed and lamellar particles of heavy minerals from the pulp flux.
• First additional feature consists in that said straight transversal riffles of the lower guide are practically perpendicular to the frame's sides. This provides equal conditions for loosening of the bed and transfer of 'easy particles' of detritus over said riffles.
• each lengthwise undulating in plan riffle is composed of smoothly conjugated thin-layer circular semi-cylinders. This simplifies production of the proposed strake.
• Fig.1 shows the longitudinal section of the strake (without end parts);
• Fig.2 shows the top view of the strake
• Fig.3 shows the cross-section of the strake
• Fig.4 shows the simplest variant of the structure of the lower guide having straight riffles, which are practically perpendicular to the sides of the guide's frame (top view);
• Fig.5 shows the same as Fig.4 (longitudinal section by symmetry plane);
• Fig.6 shows the more complicated structure of the lower guide having straight riffles, which are inclined to the sides of the guide's frame at an angle less than 90° (top view);
• Fig.7 shows a set of examples of possible cross-section of the riffles of the lower guide
• Fig.8 shows schematic view of transfer of detritus over the riffles of the lower guide.
• the proposed strake has a made from non-ferromagnetic material flow-through gutter, which comprises of sides 1 and (preferably thin-sheet) bottom 2. Said gutter is inclined in operative position to the horizontal line (usually at angle in the range from 6° to 11°) and connected by upper end to a pulp source and by lower end to a tailing pile.
• a cellular (usually resilient) catching carpet 3 is placed on the flow-through gutter's bottom 2.
• a set of kinematically linked lower 4 and upper 5 hard guides of shallow filling are located above said carpet 3.
• Said guides 4 and 5 are made from non-ferromagnetic material and independently connected to the drives for their reciprocal motion along the flow-through gutter's sides 1 and said carpet 3.
• Each lower guide 4 that is adjacent in operative position to the said carpet 3 comprises of a rigid frame 6 and rigid preferably straight transversal riffles 7 (see Figs 4 and 6).
• These riffles 7 are usually perpendicular to the sides of the frame 6 (see Figs 4 and 5), but may be located at other angles as it shown on Fig.6.
• the riffles 7 may be made as rods having different cross- section, e.g. in the form of a rectangle, a solid triangle, a solid semi-cylinder, an angle bar, a bow-shaped bar etc. (see Fig.7). In practice, the angle bar and the bow-shaped bar are preferable. It is also preferable if said straight riffles 7 are practically perpendicular to the sides of said frame 6.
• Each upper guide 5 (see Fig.2) is placed in operative position above the lower guide and comprises of at least two rows of lengthwise undulating in plan riffles 8, each of which is composed of alternated in series to bulge direction half-sine parts.
• these riffles 8 are usually composed of smoothly conjugated circular thin-layer circular semi-cylinders.
• the strake (see Figs 1 and 3) is equipped with placed under the bottom 2 -
• an intermediate (entire or composed of transversal strips) resilient support 9 that has not designated especially regular (preferably cylindrical) recesses, central through hole under each recess, and placed within said recesses non-ferromagnetic pushers 10 shaped usually as plain washers, and,
• a means for excitation of vertical vibrations within the pulp flux is based on not showed especially a suitable pulse alternating current generator and solenoids 11 having ferromagnetic irons 12.
• windings of the solenoids 11 are connected to the above-mentioned pulse generator, and said irons 12 are located under said central through holes in said resilient support 9 and equipped additionally by not showed especially lower stops.
• the described strake can use for mining of heavy minerals and exploration placers of theirs as follows.
• the catching carpet 3 must be placed on the flow-through gutter's bottom 2, and said gutter must be mounted in desirable operative position. Then a personnel switch on above- mentioned drives of reciprocal motion of said guides 4 and 5, begin delivery of a pulp, and switch on solenoids 11.
• Wave-like form of channels between said undulating riffles 8 and between them and the sides 1 of said flow-through gutter causes deceleration of the pulp flux and redistribution of 'easy particles' of enclosing strata and/or soils and 'heavy particles' of valuable mineral in velocity field within aforesaid channels. Reciprocal motion of said guides 5 promotes the redistribution of all said hard particles additionally.
• the irons 12 of the solenoids 11 actuate practically synchronous and intensity-regulated vertical impacts of plain washers-pushers 10 in the thin-sheet strake's bottom 2. These impacts shake efficiently practically all mass of concentrate settling in the cells of said carpet 3 and the bed as it forms above said carpet 3. Additional loosening of said bed provides by the transversal riffles 7 of the lower guide 4 being in the reciprocal motion.
• the personnel make an end of delivery of the pulp into the strake and, practically at the same time, switch off above-mentioned drives of the reciprocal motion of the guides 4 and 5 and cut off the power from the solenoids 11. Then the personnel take out the catching carpet 3 from said flow-through gutter, remove obtained concentrate from the cells of the catching carpet 3 and encase it in a not shown shielding container, which serves for storage and transportation of the concentrate to a refinery.
• peripherals such as any upstream catcher of ferromagnetic impurities, at least one other additional downstream strake, etc.
• the strakes according to the invention can series-produce at present machine-building plants. Further they can be used preferably as output devices of dredges or other devices for industrial hydraulic mining of such both natural and man-caused placers those contain precious metals particles related to preferable shallow granulometric classes (less than 0.15 mm).
• strakes according to the invention are applicable:

Landscapes

• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (1)

Family

ID=47009589

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (2)

Cited By (3)

Families Citing this family (1)

Citations (4)

• 2011
  • 2011-04-14 UA UAA201104550A patent/UA103203C2/ru unknown
• 2012
  • 2012-02-27 WO PCT/UA2012/000018 patent/WO2012141669A1/en active Application Filing

Patent Citations (4)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events