Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
  • D21H—PULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D21H23/00—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper
  • D21H23/02—Processes or apparatus for adding material to the pulp or to the paper characterised by the manner in which substances are added
  • D21H23/04—Addition to the pulp; After-treatment of added substances in the pulp
  • D21H23/20—Apparatus therefor
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
  • B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
  • B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
  • B01F23/232—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
  • B01F23/2323—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by circulating the flow in guiding constructions or conduits
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
  • B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
  • B01F23/45—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying using flow mixing
  • B01F23/451—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying using flow mixing by injecting one liquid into another
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
  • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
  • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
  • B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
  • B01F25/3141—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit with additional mixing means other than injector mixers
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
  • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
  • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
  • B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
  • B01F25/3142—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit the conduit having a plurality of openings in the axial direction or in the circumferential direction
  • B01F25/31423—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit the conduit having a plurality of openings in the axial direction or in the circumferential direction with a plurality of perforations in the circumferential direction only and covering the whole circumference
  • B01F25/314231—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit the conduit having a plurality of openings in the axial direction or in the circumferential direction with a plurality of perforations in the circumferential direction only and covering the whole circumference the perforations being a complete cut-out in the circumferential direction covering the whole diameter of the tube, i.e. having two consecutive tubes placed consecutively, the additional component being introduced between them
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
  • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
  • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
  • B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
  • B01F25/3142—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit the conduit having a plurality of openings in the axial direction or in the circumferential direction
  • B01F25/31425—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit the conduit having a plurality of openings in the axial direction or in the circumferential direction with a plurality of perforations in the axial and circumferential direction covering the whole surface
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
  • B01F25/40—Static mixers
  • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
  • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
  • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
  • B01F25/4335—Mixers with a converging-diverging cross-section
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
  • B01F25/40—Static mixers
  • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
  • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
  • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
  • B01F25/4336—Mixers with a diverging cross-section
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
  • B01F25/40—Static mixers
  • B01F25/42—Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
  • B01F25/43—Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
  • B01F25/433—Mixing tubes wherein the shape of the tube influences the mixing, e.g. mixing tubes with varying cross-section or provided with inwardly extending profiles
  • B01F25/4338—Mixers with a succession of converging-diverging cross-sections, i.e. undulating cross-section
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
  • B01F35/71—Feed mechanisms
  • B01F35/715—Feeding the components in several steps, e.g. successive steps
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
  • B01F2215/00—Auxiliary or complementary information in relation with mixing
  • B01F2215/04—Technical information in relation with mixing
  • B01F2215/0413—Numerical information
  • B01F2215/0418—Geometrical information
  • B01F2215/0431—Numerical size values, e.g. diameter of a hole or conduit, area, volume, length, width, or ratios thereof

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for introducing chemicals and / or additives into a process stream of a production process, in particular a process for producing a fiber or nonwoven web, by means of a
• Nozzle assembly It further relates to a nozzle arrangement in particular for
• Dilution medium in the chemical treatment by providing an efficient method for metering and mixing chemicals into the process stream can be significantly reduced.
• Feeder is so far only about a change in the flow rate of the
• the dosing concentration can hitherto only be adjusted by changing the initial concentration of the fluid chemical used. Also in the latter case leads a reduction of
• a disadvantage of the metering devices used hitherto is that their geometry and in particular the geometry of their outlet opening does not change and the respective desired flow rate can not be achieved without changing the chemical concentration.
• the invention has for its object to provide an improved method and an improved nozzle assembly of the type mentioned, in which the aforementioned disadvantages are at least substantially eliminated.
• the efficiency of the metering and mixing of chemicals or additives in the process stream should be increased.
• the object is according to a first aspect of
• Throttle device is used whose flow characteristics can be variably changed and / or which is exchangeable for a variable changeability of the flow characteristic in the region of the nozzle outlet opening against a respective other throttle device with a different flow characteristic
• Nozzle outlet opening exiting to be introduced into the process stream
• Throttle device is exchanged with a different flow characteristics.
• Flow characteristic of a throttle device is variably changeable, this flow rate can also be independent of the particular
• the flocculation characteristic for example, can be favorably influenced.
• a nozzle arrangement with a plurality of mixing zones arranged one behind the other in the main flow direction is used.
• At least one injection stream can be supplied to the nozzle arrangement via a respective nozzle inlet opening.
• At least one in particular fluid chemical and / or at least one additive stream is fed to at least one mixing zone. It is also conceivable, in particular, for at least one dilution fluid stream to be fed to at least one mixing zone.
• the turbulences in a respective mixing zone are at least partially formed by a cross-sectional widening of the main flow cross section of the
• Nozzle arrangement generated is if at least one Chemical stream, at least one additive stream, at least one gas stream and / or at least one dilution fluid stream is introduced into the region of maximum turbulence of the mixing zone, whereby an optimal mixing is ensured.
• Manufacturing process in particular a process for producing a fiber or nonwoven web, by means of a nozzle arrangement, characterized in that at least one zone, in particular mixing zone, the nozzle assembly at least one
• Chemical stream in particular gas stream supplied and in this reaction or mixing and reaction zone with the chemical in question and at least one other reactants, a chemical reaction, in particular precipitation reaction is brought about.
• the precipitation product in the respective zone can advantageously be admixed with an injection stream fed to the nozzle arrangement via a nozzle inlet opening.
• the chemical reaction, in particular precipitation reaction, in the respective zone is brought about with at least one further reaction partner which is contained in an injection stream supplied to the nozzle arrangement via a nozzle inlet opening, in particular partial fluid stream.
• a nozzle arrangement according to the invention which is suitable in particular for carrying out the method for introducing chemicals and / or additives into a process stream of a production process, in particular a process for producing a fiber or nonwoven web, is characterized in that the nozzle arrangement has a base section with at least one mixing and / or or
• Reaction zone has, which are fed to at least two media to be mixed together or chemically reacting with each other, and preferably comprises a arranged in the region of the nozzle outlet opening throttle device whose
• the nozzle arrangement preferably comprises a plurality of mixing and / or reaction zones arranged one after the other in the main flow direction.
• the main flow cross-section thereof in the region of at least one mixing and / or reaction zone has turbulence-generating
• the nozzle outlet opening via the throttle device is also completely closable.
• the nozzle arrangement can thus be used, for example
• the throttle device is a particular as
• Quetschventil executed valve with preferably at least one in particular mechanically, pneumatically or hydraulically acted upon flexible hose or flexible sleeve comprises.
• Nozzle arrangement significantly increases the efficiency of metering and mixing of chemicals and / or additives into the process stream.
• the invention is of particular advantage in particular in the production of a fiber or
• Nonwoven web can be used.
• an admixture of one medium with another can take place, in one or more further downstream zones such a mixing process can repeat before the resulting mixed stream preferably by an adjustable, advantageously also fully closable throttle device in the
• the optional throttle device may include the function of a valve, whereby the outlet opening of the nozzle arrangement and thus the flow velocity in the region of the outlet opening can be variably adjusted or controlled and / or regulated. According to a simpler one
• Embodiment is also a replaceable throttle device conceivable.
• a corresponding construction of the housing of the nozzle assembly is provided by which a respective throttle device can be easily exchanged for another throttle device with a different flow characteristics.
• the nozzle arrangement can be designed, for example, as a mixing nozzle with one or more mixing zones arranged at least substantially successively in the main flow direction.
• at least one fluid chemical or fluid additive for example an injection stream
• one or more mixing zones may also be admixed with two or more fluid chemicals or additives at the same time and, for example, mixed with the injection stream, which may, for example, also be a partial stream. This mixing principle can be repeated in one or more subsequent mixing zones.
• the preferably fluid chemical or additive to be metered may be, for example, a retention agent, for example polyacrylamide (PAM), polyethyleneimine (PEI), polyamidoamine (PAAm), crosslinkable polyamidoamine resins, polyDADMAC, polyvinylamine (PVAm) , Polyethylene oxide (PEO).
• a retention agent for example polyacrylamide (PAM), polyethyleneimine (PEI), polyamidoamine (PAAm), crosslinkable polyamidoamine resins, polyDADMAC, polyvinylamine (PVAm) , Polyethylene oxide (PEO).
• the chemical to be metered may also be microparticles or nanoparticles, for example bentonite or a silicate.
• the chemical to be dosed may contain starch, a biocide and / or, for example, a dye or an optical brightener.
• the chemical may be, for example, neutral size agents such as alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) or alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA).
• neutral size agents such as alkyl ketene dimer (AKD) or alkenyl succinic anhydride (ASA).
• mineral substances such as calcium carbonate and / or titanium dioxide, in the form of a "slurry", are dosed.
• the mixing nozzle may in particular comprise a cylindrical housing in which one or more mixing zones forming mixing zones are located.
• a respective mixing element may, for example, comprise a cylindrical body, the outer peripheral surface of which has an annular recess in which holes are bored in the radial direction, which open into the central, axial bore of the mixing element.
• the annular gap of a respective mixing element may be connected through the wall of the housing with one or more media feeds. The individual mixing elements can via seals against each other and the
• the angle between the axial bore and the radial bores is expediently in each case 90 °.
• the cylindrical diameter of the inner cross-sectional area (axial bore) of a respective preceding mixing element in the main flow direction is preferably smaller than the cylindrical diameter of the inner cylindrical, in particular circular-cylindrical cross-section of the respective subsequent
• Such a cross-sectional enlargement or increment may also be provided in the region of the front end of the first mixing element viewed in the main flow direction.
• Boundary layers of the vortex to large shear stresses that cause turbulence by means of which an efficient mixing of the introduced fluid chemical or additive or gas is achieved in the mixing element.
• the forming by the cross-sectional widening shear field can therefore for the
• the chemical or the additive or gas can be introduced in particular into the zone of maximum turbulence of the respective mixing element or zone. This can be done for example by a corresponding arrangement of provided for the application of the medium in question radial holes.
• Main flow direction considered first mixing element out and then over a step jump in which a correspondingly larger inner cylindrical cross-section having subsequent mixing element is continued.
• the length Li of the first cylindrical viewed in the main flow direction is advantageously in a range between about 1.1 to about 5.0, more preferably in a range of about 1.1 to about 2.0 and preferably in a range of about 1, 2 to about 1, 5.
• Mixing element is advantageously dependent on the step-like extension and is expediently 10 to 50 times the length (D 2 - Di) / 2.
• the turbulence is greatest in this length range. With a longer version of the mixing zone it decreases again.
• the selected length of a respective mixing element or mixing zone can also be dependent on the type of the respective chemical or additive or the physical state.
• the length Li is preferably extending in the main flow direction extending axial cylindrical bore of the first mixing zone is equal to k ⁇ (D 2 / Di), wherein the constant factor k is from that in the mixing element to be metered chemical or additive, and can assume values in particular, in a range between about 20 to about 180.
• the factor k In the metering of gases larger values are allowed for the factor k in order to introduce the number of maximum necessary radial bores (exit surface) in the cylindrical wall of the mixing element, whereby the introduction of a respective gas itself further increases the turbulence in the mixing zone becomes.
• the throttle device comprises a valve, for example a pinch valve
• this may expediently be detachably connected in a separate housing, for example by means of a flange connection, to the base section comprising the at least one mixing and / or reaction zone.
• the particular pneumatically or hydraulically operated valve can be an elastomer hose or a
• Cuff made of an elastomer which is arranged, for example, in an encapsulated valve body or housing below or after the last mixing zone.
• the housing of the nozzle arrangement and at least the housing of a pressure chamber associated with the pinch valve can with respect to the
• Pressure chamber housing can also be designed as a separate component and with the Housing of the nozzle assembly in the usual way, for example by means of screw, flange connection, etc., be connected.
• the pressure chamber housing can be designed with flange connections on both sides. If the pressure in the interior of the valve body increases relative to the pressure inside the elastomer tube, the tube or sleeve is compressed and changes the flow of the medium through the tube or the sleeve. Thus, the opening or the gap width of the sleeve can be adjusted pneumatically or hydraulically variable depending on the pressure.
• the pressurization of the valve housing can be done for example with filtered or oil-free compressed air or water.
• Cuff can be conveniently closed completely.
• a differential pressure supply for example in a range of about 0.5 to about 30 bar, preferably in a range of about 1 to 3 bar above that of the
• the pinch valve can be closed, for example. This creates, for example, a lip-shaped closing image.
• the pinch valve sleeve opens completely back to its original position due to its rebound resilience
• Movement of the cuff when closing and opening prevents deposits from accumulating on the cuff wall. Solid particles in the medium to be dosed are enclosed when closing the sleeve, so that the tightness of the valve is ensured. As a result, a very low-maintenance and especially in the dosage of fluid media tight operation can be ensured.
• an automated admission of such a pinch valve is conceivable for example, a pressure switch between the pinch valve and a
• Pilot valve may be provided with which the opening pressure and closing pressure of the cuff can be queried. For the shortest possible opening time
• the adjustment of the gap width of the nozzle can also be done in other ways.
• the gap formed in the sleeve for example, mechanically deformed by means of one or more adjusting elements or even completely closed.
• these adjusting elements can be adjusted for example by means of manually, electrically, pneumatically or hydraulically driven adjusting devices. It can be applied to all commonly used in pinch valves methods for deformation of the crimp sleeve. The use of a pinch valve brings next to the possibility of a
• Speed ratio between the process stream and dosing flow can be variably adjusted and applied by means of the adjustable outlet opening.
• the sleeve can be made of different elastomers and adapted to the media properties such as pressure, temperature, but also other environmental criteria.
• the sleeve can be made, for example, at least partially of natural rubber, neoprene, EPDM, Viton, silicone, nitrile, butyl, hypalon, etc.
• the cuff materials used with Teflon or other coating materials are made with an inner fabric which preferably contains plastic fibers, for example nylon.
• the inner contour of the particular made of an elastomeric sleeve can be designed differently, it may be cylindrical or conical, for example.
• the inner contour of the sleeve is designed so that a variable adjustment of a flow velocity in the reproducible
• Exit range of the nozzle assembly of, for example, up to 30 m / s can be achieved.
• the outer contour of the sleeve can in particular be chosen so that a reproducible throttle is obtained.
• An advantageous embodiment further consists in concentrating at least two streams in the mixing zone and mixing them together in the outflow in the mixing zone, wherein the outlet opening from the mixing chamber can be narrowed or closed by a throttle of the type described.
• inventive method and the nozzle assembly according to the invention are not limited to the dosage of liquid chemicals or additives. Rather, such embodiments or embodiments are conceivable in which in the nozzle arrangement in addition to eg liquid chemicals, a gas such as CO2, and for example hydrated lime, for example as a suspension (milk of lime, slurry of calcium hydroxide in water) or as lime water, reacted become.
• a gas such as CO2
• hydrated lime for example as a suspension (milk of lime, slurry of calcium hydroxide in water) or as lime water
• the solubility of calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2) in water is only 1, 7 g / l at 20 ° C, wherein the solubility decreases with increasing temperature.
• a lime milk suspension is used, which is a much higher
• concentration in a range of, for example, about 30 to about 150 g / l of Ca (OH) 2 is also conceivable, for example, the use of a high purity aqueous solution of hydrated lime, in a by the mixing and Reaction nozzle arrangement provided mixing space or mixing zone is reacted with CO2.
• carbonated water may be brought in reaction with a slurry of lime (milk of lime) or an aqueous solution of hydrated lime.
• the suspension In the production of lime from hydrated lime (Ca (OH) 2 ), the suspension can be adjusted immediately to the use concentration.
• use concentration can also be adjusted, for example, directly in the mixing and reaction nozzle arrangement prior to contact with the CO2 by mixing in another dilution fluid in an upstream mixing zone.
• a filter is preceded by the insoluble constituents are retained to exclude a blockage of the dosing.
• a dosage of lime water can be dispensed with filters.
• the flow rate should in particular not fall below 1, 0 m / s and preferably be greater than 1, 5 m / s.
• the dosage of lime from a loop system is advantageous to exclude deposits in the piping system.
• Grain size distribution should advantageously be as homogeneous as possible in order to allow the precipitation of calcium carbonate achieved in the reaction with carbon dioxide to proceed efficiently.
• a hydrated lime (Ca (OH) 2 ) should be used, whose homogeneous grain spectrum consists of many small particles, as the Reaction rate is essentially influenced by the particle size.
• Fluid flow in particular of the injection stream, and / or the aqueous phase of the milk of lime are metered into the process stream.
• the precipitation reaction and the metering into the process stream can take place simultaneously.
• the same time by means of one and the same nozzle arrangement,
• Merging be realized in a reaction and mixing zone by a plurality of particular radial holes preferably small diameter.
• At least one primary precipitation reaction of the calcium carbonate takes place outside the process stream or the constant part of the paper machine in the mixing and reaction nozzle arrangement, so that the process of the precipitation reaction can be influenced by the choice of the injection medium.
• an injection medium for example, process water without Fiber constituents, for example filtered flotate or filtrate or fresh water
• calcium carbonate is provided due to the precipitation reaction in the nozzle assembly and this metered into the process stream.
• Injection medium the pulp suspension itself, so for example, a partial fluid flow as injection stream, the precipitation reaction takes place on the pulp contained in the partial fluid flow already in the mixing and
• a reaction of carbon dioxide and milk of lime can already take place in the nozzle arrangement, ie outside the process stream. If the reaction takes place, for example, in a partial stream of the pulp suspension fed to the nozzle arrangement, the calcium carbonate is already precipitated in the nozzle arrangement onto the fibers of the suspension of the partial stream (in particular primary reaction) and then metered into the process stream.
• Reaction nozzle arrangement can be done much more selectively by changing the mixing conditions, as this is possible in the process stream itself.
• the bubble size and the number of carbon dioxide gas bubbles can be adjusted by means of the bore diameter and the number of holes in the mixing zone.
• the precipitation reaction can be controlled and / or regulated, for example, via the size of the gas bubbles, whereby the efficiency is further increased.
• Reaction process e.g., primary and secondary reactions
• Reaction process may increase the efficiency of the
• the Homogeneity of the precipitated calcium carbonate can be variably adjusted by the geometry of a respective mixing zone of the nozzle assembly and the mixing parameters.
• the crystal structure of the precipitated calcium carbonate with respect to the required paper properties for example, in terms of opacity and light scattering and the bulk, etc., can be influenced.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of one example of a plurality.
• Fig. 2 to 5 is a schematic representation of different, pure
• Fig. 6 is a schematic representation of an exemplary
• Embodiment of a nozzle arrangement according to the invention with a throttle device comprising a pneumatically or hydraulically adjustable pinch valve
• Fig. 7 is a schematic representation of an exemplary
• Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a plurality of mixing and / or
• Reaction zones 10-i , 10 2 comprising base portion 12 of an exemplary
• a respective mixing and / or reaction zone 10-i, 10 2 at least two to be mixed and / or chemically reacting with each other media 28, 54 can be fed.
• the nozzle arrangement 14 may comprise a throttle device 20 arranged in the region of the nozzle outlet opening 18.
• the nozzle assembly 14 includes, for example, two in
• Main flow direction 22 considered successively arranged mixing and / or reaction zones 10-i, 10 second
• the main flow cross-section of the nozzle arrangement 14 may have a turbulence-generating cross-sectional widening 24 in the region of at least one mixing and / or reaction zone 10. in the
• Main flow direction 22 considers both in the region of the front end of the first mixing and / or reaction zone 10i and in the region of the front end of the second mixing and / or reaction zone 10 2 .
• the nozzle arrangement 14 can be supplied with an injection stream 28 via a nozzle inlet opening 26.
• the nozzle arrangement 14 may in particular comprise at least one mixing and / or reaction zone 10, which comprises at least one fluid chemical or
• Additive stream 50 is supplied.
• at least one mixing zone 10 at least one dilution fluid stream 48 is supplied.
• those embodiments of the nozzle arrangement 14 are conceivable in which at least one mixing zone 10, at least one gas stream is supplied.
• Dilution fluid stream 48 are expediently in the range of maximum turbulence of the zone 10, introduced.
• Chemical stream 50 in particular gas stream supplied and in this zone 10, with the chemical in question and at least one other reactants, a chemical reaction, in particular precipitation reaction is brought about.
• the precipitate in the respective mixing or reaction zone 10 for example supplied to the nozzle assembly 14 via the nozzle inlet opening 26
• the nozzle assembly 14 may comprise a cylindrical housing 30 in which one or more, the zones 10, forming mixing elements are located, each comprising a cylindrical body 32, whose outer peripheral surface with a
• annular recess 34 is provided, in which bores 36 are introduced in the radial direction, which open into the main flow direction 22 extending central axial bore 38 of the mixing element.
• the annular recess 34 of the respective mixing element is connected through the wall of the housing 30 with at least one media feed.
• the individual mixing elements are sealed by means of seals 40 against each other and the housing wall.
• the angle between the axial bore 38 and the radial bores 36 is
• the increase in the flow cross-section of the cylindrical bore 38 causes a return vortex 42 in the flow (see FIG. 1). Especially in the boundary layers of this vortex 42, there are large shear stresses that cause turbulence, by means of which an efficient mixing of the introduced media is achieved in the mixing element. That through the
• Cross-sectional expansion 24 forming shear field is used here for the interference of the relevant medium, in particular fluid chemical, or gas.
• the dosage of the respective fluid flow or the arrangement of the holes 36 for the application of the respective media in question preferably takes place in the region of the maximum turbulence of the corresponding mixing element.
• the injection stream 28 is first conducted in the cylindrical inner cross section of the first mixing zone 10i forming mixing element and then in a
• Stages jump in which the second mixing zone 10 2 forming second mixing element continued.
• the injection stream 28 can be guided via a first section 44 of the base section 12 into the first mixing zone 10i.
• the diameter of the inner cylindrical cross section of the portion 44 is denoted by Di, the diameter of the inner cylindrical cross section of the first mixing zone 10i with D 2 and the diameter of the inner cylindrical cross section of the second mixing zone 10 2 with D 3 .
• the ratio between the diameter D 2 and the diameter Di that is, the increment ratio D 2 / Di, where D 2 is the diameter after the increment and Di is the diameter before the increment, is advantageously in a range of about 1.1 to about 5.0, more preferably in a range of about 1.1 to about 2.0, and preferably in a range of about 1.2 to about 1.5.
• the length Li of the first cylindrical mixing zone 10i is dependent on the
• step-like extension is advantageously in a range of 10 to 50 times the length (D 2 - Di) / 2.
• the turbulence is greatest in this length range. With a longer execution of the mixing zone, the turbulence decreases again. With regard to the design of the length of the mixing element, this is also dependent on the type of chemical or state of aggregation.
• the length Li of the first cylindrical mixing element is advantageously equal to kx (D 2 / Di).
• the constant factor k is dependent on the metered in the mixing element
• Chemical or additive may advantageously assume values in a range between about 20 and about 180.
• values in a range between about 20 and about 180 For the metering of gases, greater values are permissible for k in order to be able to introduce the maximum number of generally radial bores (exit surface) required in the cylindrical wall of the mixing element, whereby the introduction of the gas itself further increases the turbulence in the mixing zone.
• a respective zone 10 can also be provided as a reaction or mixing and reaction zone, in which at least two
• Reactant cause a chemical reaction, especially precipitation reaction.
• a T-shaped combination of at least two media and in particular of respective reactants in the nozzle assembly 14 is advantageous in order to form at least one mixing zone, wherein through the
• Geometry of the corresponding zone the dwell or reaction time can be adjusted. For example, in an application of CO2 can for a
• corresponding merging in the reaction mixing zone for example, be provided a plurality of generally radial bores preferably small diameter.
• Nozzle arrangement 14 also comprise a throttle device 20 arranged in the region of the nozzle outlet opening 18, the flow characteristics of which can be varied variably and / or which can be solved to enable a respective exchange with another flow device having a different flow characteristic
• the nozzle outlet opening 18 can via the throttle device 20th
• Throttle device 20 comprise a valve designed in particular as a pinch valve with preferably at least one in particular pneumatically or hydraulically acted upon flexible hose or flexible sleeve.
• FIGS. 2 to 5 show, by way of example, a schematic representation of different advantageous profile shapes of a suitable squeezing tube 46.
• the squeeze tube 46 according to FIG. 2 can have a groove profile.
• the crimp tube 46 has a profile shape in the manner of a double cone with respect to the inner cross section.
• the crimping tube 46 may also have, for example, a continuous cylindrical inner profile.
• Fig. 5 shows an exemplary embodiment, according to which the crimp tube 46 has an inner profile in the form of a single cone.
• Nozzle outlet opening 18 and in particular between this and the at least one mixing and / or reaction zone 10, comprising the base portion 12 may be arranged (see Fig. 6 to 8), the mixing and / or reaction nozzle assembly 14 is suitably completely against the process stream 16th be shut off.
• the pinch valve which may consist at least partially of a deformable sleeve, can be adjusted in any position between fully open and closed.
• the outflow velocity in the region of the nozzle outlet opening 18 can be adjusted by means of the variably variable cross section in the area of the nozzle outlet or via a corresponding change in the nozzle outlet
• Cross-sectional area of the sleeve can be variably adjusted. This can be the Flow rate in the region of the nozzle outlet opening 18 are set independently of the chemical or additive concentration and also at a constant metered amount of the chemical or additive. By setting the optimum flow rate, for example, one in the mixing and / or
• Reaction nozzle diluted retention means in the region of the nozzle outlet opening 18 may e.g. the flocculation characteristics are favorably influenced.
• the throttle device 20 for example, a pneumatically or hydraulically adjustable pinch valve with a
• Crimp tube or sleeve 46 and an associated pressure housing 48 include.
• Nozzle inlet opening 26, an injection stream 28 are supplied, which may be, for example, a partial fluid flow.
• the first mixing zone 10 i for example, a dilution fluid stream is supplied as a mixed stream 48.
• the second mixing stage 10 2 for example, a chemical or additive stream 50 are supplied. In principle, however, only one or more than two zones may be provided, wherein, as already mentioned, these zones may each be mixing and / or reaction zones.
• a respective mixing and / or reaction zone 10 for example at least one chemical stream, at least one additive stream, at least one gas stream and / or at least one dilution fluid stream can be supplied.
• the throttle device 20 can be used
• a mechanically adjustable crimp sleeve For example, a mechanically adjustable crimp sleeve or
• Sheath 46 include.
• the squeezing sleeve 46 can be acted upon here, for example, by a mechanical adjusting element 52 which is adjustable, for example, transversely to the main flow direction 22.
• the crimp sleeve 46 is in the present case played in the open state.
• the basic section 12 of the nozzle arrangement 14 comprising the mixing and / or reaction zones 10 can, in particular, again be designed as described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 6. Corresponding parts are assigned the same reference numerals.
• Fig. 8 shows the nozzle assembly 14 of FIG. 7, wherein the squeeze sleeve 46 is reproduced in the present case, however, in a fully closed state.
• Corresponding parts are again assigned the same reference numerals.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)

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• 2011
  • 2011-04-13 DE DE102011007274A patent/DE102011007274A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2012
  • 2012-04-03 CN CN201280028690.0A patent/CN103608517B/zh active Active
  • 2012-04-03 WO PCT/EP2012/056023 patent/WO2012139921A1/de unknown
  • 2012-04-03 EP EP12715884.8A patent/EP2697428B1/de active Active

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