WO2012139904A1 - Procédé de détermination cyclique de l'état de charge d'un accumulateur d'énergie électrique - Google Patents

Procédé de détermination cyclique de l'état de charge d'un accumulateur d'énergie électrique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2012139904A1
WO2012139904A1 PCT/EP2012/055794 EP2012055794W WO2012139904A1 WO 2012139904 A1 WO2012139904 A1 WO 2012139904A1 EP 2012055794 W EP2012055794 W EP 2012055794W WO 2012139904 A1 WO2012139904 A1 WO 2012139904A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
charge
esi
state
voltage
energy storage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/055794
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Klaus GREGER
Original Assignee
Continental Automotive Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Continental Automotive Gmbh filed Critical Continental Automotive Gmbh
Publication of WO2012139904A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012139904A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/3644—Constructional arrangements
    • G01R31/3648—Constructional arrangements comprising digital calculation means, e.g. for performing an algorithm
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/374—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC] with means for correcting the measurement for temperature or ageing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
    • G01R31/3828—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC using current integration

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the cyclical determination of a state of charge of an electrical energy store, in particular ⁇ an electrochemical energy storage device for a motor vehicle with electric or hybrid drive.
  • the propulsion of the vehicle is carried out at least intermittently by an electric motor.
  • the electric motor is powered by a powerful Energyspei ⁇ chervorraum (battery) with electrical energy.
  • the electrical energy storage device comprises a larger number of series-connected, electrochemical and / or electrostatic energy stores (battery cells).
  • battery cells battery cells
  • the state of charge is understood to mean the charge currently stored in the individual energy store in relation to the capacity of the respective energy store. Often the state of charge is abbreviated by the letters SOC (State Of Charge). The capacity represents thereby the maximum of the energy storage device storable charge. Only by knowing the current state of charge of the energy ⁇ memory, for example, the maximum possible range of the motor vehicle when driven by the electric motor can be estimated. It is important to know the current state of charge as well for the control of the charging and discharging the energy ⁇ memory. In particular, a drop in the state of charge below a critical value is to be avoided in order to prevent damage to the energy stores. For the same reason, overcharging of the energy store should also be avoided.
  • an output charge state is determined at a suitable moment-for example, when the energy store is neither charged nor discharged-based on the most accurate possible measurement of the rest voltage of the energy store.
  • Discharge processes changing state of charge of the energy storage is determined by the temporal integration of the incoming and outgoing current.
  • this method requires extremely high on ⁇ requirements on the accuracy of to taking place current measurement.
  • the cost of the necessary current measuring device are therefore considerable.
  • Even small measurement errors are accumulated by the integration of the flowing current to the extent that over a longer period of operation considerable errors in the determination of the state of charge result.
  • a current-based state of charge is determined for the current determination cycle based on the state of charge of the preceding determination cycle and a change in charge in the energy store between the current determination cycle and the preceding determination cycle. It will be one Quiescent voltage of the energy storage determined and based on a voltage-based state of charge determined. It will be
  • the charge ⁇ condition for the current cycle is determined based on the current-based state of charge and the correction value.
  • the underlying idea of the invention is the fact that the current-based state of charge is inaccurate due to the often error-prone ⁇ current measurement is corrected at j edem calculation cycle.
  • the correction value results from the current-based state of charge and a voltage-based state of charge, which is determined based on the rest voltage of the energy ⁇ memory.
  • This method allows a much more accurate determination of the state of charge of the energy storage, without that very high demands on the accuracy of the current measurement must be met. Thus, the costs incurred for the current measurement costs can be significantly reduced.
  • the rest voltage of the energy storage is determined at edem start of the method and based on an initialization value for the state of charge of the electrical energy storage determined.
  • an off ⁇ output value (initialization value) may be necessary for the state of charge.
  • initialization value For cyclic determination of the charge state of an off ⁇ output value (initialization value) may be necessary for the state of charge.
  • This functional relationship can be stored, for example, in the form of a value table in a correspondingly designed control device, wherein intermediate values can be determined by interpolation.
  • the current is measured to determine the change in charge, which flows to the energy store or flows away from it.
  • the voltage is measured at the energy storage to determine the quiescent voltage of the energy storage.
  • the quiescent voltage of the energy store is determined based on the measured value of the voltage at the energy store and a voltage drop across the internal resistance of the energy store. Otherwise, the quiescent voltage of the energy store is set equal to the measured value of the voltage at the energy store.
  • any inaccuracies in this type of quiescent voltage determination can be taken into account by a correspondingly weak weighting of the correction value in the determination of the state of charge.
  • the quiescent voltage of the energy store in the state in which the energy store is discharged or charged, is additionally determined based on a time-dependent correction term.
  • age-related influences e.g.
  • the time-dependent correction term can be determined experimental ⁇ Mentell for example, that the aging-related factors can be approximated to the rest voltage with good accuracy.
  • the correction value for determining the state of charge for the current determination cycle is weighted.
  • the method can be optimally adapted to different energy storage types or different environmental conditions.
  • the nature and value of the weight for example, experimentally, he ⁇ follow.
  • the accuracy of the method can be further improved.
  • a control device for an energy storage according to claim 7 is designed and provided with means that it can perform the method according to one of claims 1 to 6.
  • An energy storage device comprises at least one electrical energy store and a control device according to claim 7.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of a Energyspei ⁇ chervorraum for a hybrid or electric vehicle, which has a plurality of energy storage;
  • Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a functional
  • Figure 4 shows an embodiment of a method for zyk ⁇ metallic charge state determination in the form of a flowchart.
  • the Energy 1 shows an embodiment of a Energyspei ⁇ chervorraum 1 is shown schematically.
  • the Energyspei ⁇ chervoroplasty 1 has a plurality of electrical energy storage ESI to ES6, which are connected in series and arranged within a housing 2 of the power storage device.
  • ESI to ES6 electrical energy storage
  • 1 For the energy saving, it is preferably elekt ⁇ Roche mix energy storage cells, for example to Lithi ⁇ -ion basis, but can also electrostatic energy ⁇ store, preferably double-layer capacitors or so-called super caps, may be used.
  • devices E1 to E6 are provided by means of which the voltages U1 to U6 measurable at the respective energy store ESI to ES6 can be measured.
  • Arranged on the outside of the housing poles 3, 4 are so electrically connected to the series circuit of the energy storage ESI to ES6 that a current drain (discharge) and a power supply (charging) from the outside is possible.
  • the energy storage device 1 has a control device 5, which is electrically connected to the poles 3, 4, energy storage ESI to ES6 and the devices for measuring voltage El to E6.
  • the control device 5 is designed and equipped with means that it can control the power supply (charging) to the energy storage ESI to ES6 and also the current drain (discharge) of the energy storage ESI to ES6. Furthermore, the control device 5 is designed and provided with means such that it can detect the voltages U1 to U6 measured by the devices E1 to E6 at the energy stores. The control device is further designed and provided with means that it can perform a method for determining the charge states of the energy storage ESI to ES6, as explained in more detail below with reference to Figure 4. For this purpose, the control device has, for example, a memory unit 6, a computer unit 7 and a
  • the current measuring device 8 on.
  • control and computing programs in the form of software and data are stored, which are called and executed by the arithmetic unit 7.
  • the current measuring device 8 is designed such that it can measure the current flowing to the energy stores ESI to ES6 (during charging processes) and the current flowing away from the energy stores (discharging processes).
  • ⁇ is diagram of the electrochemical energy storage ESI ES6 to the energy storage device 1 shown.
  • the voltage U which can be measured at the energy store is composed essentially of the rest voltage UR and, if a current I flows, of a voltage Uri dropping at an internal resistance Ri.
  • the internal resistance Ri of the energy storage can be determined experimentally and is therefore known. A different voltage proportion is dependent on numerous factors, such as environmental conditions (temperature), age of the energy storage device, the course of the charging and discharging processes, the amount of the flowing current, etc.) and the state of charge.
  • the other voltage component is shown in FIG. 2 by two RC elements RC1 and RC2 and symbolizes the voltage URC1, URC2 dropping across it (at current flow). This other voltage component is not measurable, but can only be approximated by suitable functions.
  • FIG. 3 shows such a functional relationship by way of example and purely schematically.
  • the functional relationship can be stored, for example, in the form of a table in the memory unit 6 of the control device 5. With knowledge of the rest voltage can thus be concluded in a simple way to the state of charge.
  • the method starts, for example, a short time before starting a hybrid or electric vehicle (not shown) to which the energy storage device 1 is assigned.
  • Triggers for the start of the process may be operations that on the early start of the hybrid or electric vehicle, such as opening a driver's door, plugging an ignition key or pressing a start button by the driver.
  • Electric vehicle are the energy storage device 1 and the energy storage ESI contained ESI to ES6 often load-free, ie the energy storage device 1 and the energy storage ESI to ES6 are neither charged nor discharged.
  • the current is measured continuously by means of the current measuring device 8, which current is fed to the energy storage device (charging process) or discharged therefrom (discharge process).
  • the current value of the current is available at any time.
  • the voltage Ul is measured at the energy store ESI by means of the associated measuring device El and based on this, the quiescent voltage of the energy store ESI is determined.
  • the energy storage ESI to this
  • the quiescent voltage URI of the energy store ESI is based on the value of the voltage U1 measured at step 400 on the energy store ESI and the voltage drop URil caused by the current flow Internal resistance Ri of the energy storage ESI determined (see Figure 2). This can be done with, for example, the following relationship:
  • a time-dependent correction term KRC which maps the other voltage component (see explanations to FIG. 2) in the energy store ESI, can additionally be taken into account when determining the rest voltage:
  • the correction term KRC may, for example, be an exponential function to be determined empirically.
  • the correction term KRC can depend on several parameters, such as the temperature of the energy store ESI, the time, the amount of the incoming and outgoing current or the time course of charging and discharging operations, etc.
  • the quiescent voltage URI of the energy storage ESI can also be determined during a loading or unloading process that is already taking place with better accuracy.
  • an initialization value (initial value) SOC0 for the state of charge of the energy storage ESI is determined. This is advantageously carried out on the basis of the functional relationship shown in FIG. By way of example, the determination of a state of charge SOC1 under the knowledge of a rest voltage UR1 is shown there.
  • step 410 a current-based state of charge is determined SOCI based on the determined in the preceding determination cycle state of charge of the energy storage ESI and made in the period between the preceding determination cycle and the current determination ⁇ cycle due to loading or unloading cargo change eq in the energy storage ESI. Because no determination cycle was passed through ⁇ prior to the first determination cycle yet, is used as the value for the state of charge of the previously ⁇ preceding determination cycle, alternatively, the determined in step 400, initialization SOC0 for the charging state.
  • the period of time elapsed between the determination of the initial value SOC0 for the state of charge and the first determination cycle is considered.
  • C represents the capacity (the maximum storable by the energy storage ESI amount of charge), which is known for each ⁇ cock energy storage ESI.
  • the charge change ⁇ Q can be determined, for example, by the time integration of the current supplied to the energy store ESI during a charging process and / or during a discharging process:
  • step 420 in which the voltage Ul at the energy store ESI is measured by means of the corresponding measuring device El.
  • step 430 in which the open-circuit voltage UR1 at the energy store ESI is determined based on the voltage U1 measured at the energy store ESI (step 420). Depending on whether or not the energy store ESI is load-free, the determination of the rest voltage is made in the two ways already described with reference to step 400.
  • step 440 in which a voltage based state of charge SOCU is determined based on the quiescent voltage UR1 determined in step 430. This too can be done on the basis of the functional relationship shown in FIG.
  • a correction value K is determined based on the voltage-based state of charge SOCU and the current-based state SOCI.
  • the correction value K can, for example, be based on a difference between the span voltage-based state of charge SOCU and the current-based state of charge SOCI.
  • the correction value K may also be based on a ratio of the voltage-based state of charge SOCU and the current-based state of charge SOCI.
  • step 460 in which the state of charge SOCI for the first determination cycle based on the current-based state of charge SOCI and the correction value K is a ⁇ mediated.
  • the state of charge SOCI for the first determination cycle can advantageously be determined by a difference between the current-based state of charge SOCI and the correction value K multiplied by a weighting factor w:
  • w 0.001 at a repetition rate for the determination cycles of 1 kHz
  • this procedure can be adapted to the actual conditions by a higher weighting of the correction value.
  • This may for example be based on bor needle La ⁇ .
  • the state of charge for a current passage of a determination ⁇ cycle based on a product of the flow-based charging ⁇ state and the correction value consisting of a weighted quotient of the voltage-based state of charge and the current-based state of charge:
  • the weak weighting of the correction value prevents a negative influence of a defect-adhering correction value on the accuracy of the method over a longer period.
  • the process returns to step 410 and the second determination cycle is started.
  • the determination of the current-based state of charge SOCI then takes place on the basis of the determined during the first cycle of determination state of charge SOCI and in the period between the first determination cycle and the second cycle of determination made charge change ⁇ Q.
  • the determination cycles can be performed periodically at predetermined time intervals from the start. Depending on the application, these time intervals can be carried out in the order of fractions of a second to minutes.
  • the described method offers the advantage of also determining the current state of charge of the energy store during charging or discharging operations with high accuracy. Due to the cyclic consideration of said correction value K, an accumulation of errors caused by inaccuracy in the current measurement is largely eliminated, so that costs can be saved due to the lower technical requirements for current measurement.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de détermination cyclique de l'état de charge d'un accumulateur d'énergie électrique (ES1). Pour le cycle de détermination en cours, un état de charge basé sur l'intensité est déterminé dans l'accumulateur d'énergie électrique (ES1) en fonction de l'état de charge du cycle de détermination précédent et en fonction d'une variation de charge entre le cycle de détermination en cours et le cycle de détermination précédent. Une tension au repos de l'accumulateur d'énergie électrique (ES1) est déterminée, et en fonction de cette dernière, un état de charge basé sur la tension. Une valeur de correction est déterminée en fonction de l'état de charge basé sur l'intensité et de l'état de charge basé sur la tension. L'état de charge pour le cycle de détermination en cours est déterminé en fonction de l'état de charge basé sur l'intensité et de la valeur de correction.
PCT/EP2012/055794 2011-04-15 2012-03-30 Procédé de détermination cyclique de l'état de charge d'un accumulateur d'énergie électrique WO2012139904A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011007460.0 2011-04-15
DE102011007460A DE102011007460A1 (de) 2011-04-15 2011-04-15 Verfahren zur zyklischen Bestimmung des Ladezustandes eines elektrischen Energiespeichers

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012139904A1 true WO2012139904A1 (fr) 2012-10-18

Family

ID=46017810

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2012/055794 WO2012139904A1 (fr) 2011-04-15 2012-03-30 Procédé de détermination cyclique de l'état de charge d'un accumulateur d'énergie électrique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE102011007460A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2012139904A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012213233B4 (de) * 2012-07-27 2015-02-12 Continental Automotive Gmbh Modellgestütztes Ermitteln des Ladezustandes einer wiederaufladbaren elektrischen Energiequelle
DE102012224417A1 (de) * 2012-12-27 2014-07-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren zum Bestimmen eines Ladezustands

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11103505A (ja) * 1997-09-29 1999-04-13 Nissan Motor Co Ltd ハイブリッド車両のバッテリー充電量演算装置
JP2003149307A (ja) * 2001-11-16 2003-05-21 Toyota Motor Corp 電池残存容量算出方法
US20030097225A1 (en) * 2001-11-16 2003-05-22 Ishishita Teruo State of charge calculation device and state of charge calculation method
EP1674877A1 (fr) * 2003-10-10 2006-06-28 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Appareil et procede de calcul de la capacite residuelle de batterie secondaire

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10153916A1 (de) * 2001-11-02 2003-05-15 Nbt Gmbh Verfahren zur Bestimmung des Ladezustandes von Akkumulatoren durch Integration der bei Ladung und Entladung fließenden Strommengen
DE102004023621A1 (de) * 2004-05-10 2005-12-01 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Energieinhaltsbestimmung eines Energiespeichers

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH11103505A (ja) * 1997-09-29 1999-04-13 Nissan Motor Co Ltd ハイブリッド車両のバッテリー充電量演算装置
JP2003149307A (ja) * 2001-11-16 2003-05-21 Toyota Motor Corp 電池残存容量算出方法
US20030097225A1 (en) * 2001-11-16 2003-05-22 Ishishita Teruo State of charge calculation device and state of charge calculation method
EP1674877A1 (fr) * 2003-10-10 2006-06-28 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Appareil et procede de calcul de la capacite residuelle de batterie secondaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE102011007460A1 (de) 2012-10-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE102006018208B4 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Detektieren eines geladenen Zustandes einer sekundären Batterie basierend auf einer Berechnung eines neuronalen Netzwerks
DE102008050022B4 (de) Dynamisch adaptives Verfahren zum Ermitteln des Ladezustands einer Batterie
DE10246383B4 (de) Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Berechnen des Ladewirkungsgrads und der elektrischen Ladungsmenge einer Batterie
DE102016210341A1 (de) Systeme und verfahren zur einschätzung von batterie-systemparametern
DE102008058292B4 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Detektion des internen elektrischen Zustands einer Fahrzeugsekundärbatterie
DE102013113951A1 (de) Verfahren zum Detektieren von Leerlaufsspannungsverschiebungen mittels Optimierung durch Anpassen der Anodenelektrodenhalbzellspannungskurve
EP1952169B1 (fr) Procede pour determiner l'etat de fonctionnement d'un accumulateur
DE102012207815A1 (de) Systeme und verfahren zum bestimmen von zellenkapazitätswerten in einer batterie mit vielen zellen
DE102005026077A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Bestimmen des Ladungs- und/oder Alterungszustands eines Energiespeichers
DE102012010486B4 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Feststellen der tatsächlichen Kapazität einer Batterie
DE102009002466A1 (de) Erweiterte Batteriediagnose bei Traktionsbatterien
DE10301823A1 (de) Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Ermitteln der aus einem Energiespeicher entnehmbaren Ladung
EP2419750A1 (fr) Détermination de la résistance interne d'un élément d'une batterie de traction en cas d'équilibrage résistif des éléments
DE102017207113A1 (de) Ladungssammelvorrichtung und Leistungssammelverfahren
EP2856189B1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif pour la détermination de la capacité réelle d'une batterie
DE102013217752B4 (de) Bestimmung der Kapazität einer Batterie
DE102011005769B4 (de) Verfahren zum Ermitteln eines Ladezustandes einer elektrischen Energiespeichervorrichtung und elektrische Energiespeichervorrichtung
WO2012139904A1 (fr) Procédé de détermination cyclique de l'état de charge d'un accumulateur d'énergie électrique
DE102017200548A1 (de) Verfahren zur Ermittlung einer aktuellen Kennlinie für einen ein Kraftfahrzeug versorgenden elektrochemischen Energiespeicher, Kraftfahrzeug und Server
DE102005031254A1 (de) Verfahren zur Erkennung vorgebbarer Größen eines elektrischen Speichers
WO2014166666A1 (fr) Procédé et dispositif de détermination d'une variable d'état d'un élément de batterie
DE102018206030A1 (de) Verfahren zum Laden einer elektrischen Energiespeichereinheit
WO2018114107A1 (fr) Procédé et système pour détecter des courants de fuite dans des éléments d'accumulation
DE102008002190A1 (de) Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Ladezustandsausgleich von Fahrzeug-Batterien
DE102023104047A1 (de) Verfahren zum Ermitteln eines Ladezustands eines Energiespeichers eines Kraftfahrzeugs und Kraftfahrzeug

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 12717230

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 12717230

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1