WO2012129903A1 - 避免小区间干扰的方法和装置 - Google Patents

避免小区间干扰的方法和装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012129903A1
WO2012129903A1 PCT/CN2011/080919 CN2011080919W WO2012129903A1 WO 2012129903 A1 WO2012129903 A1 WO 2012129903A1 CN 2011080919 W CN2011080919 W CN 2011080919W WO 2012129903 A1 WO2012129903 A1 WO 2012129903A1
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Prior art keywords
user
interference
cell
base station
signal
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PCT/CN2011/080919
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王锐
杜颖钢
龙毅
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2012129903A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012129903A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W72/00Local resource management
    • H04W72/50Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources
    • H04W72/54Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria
    • H04W72/541Allocation or scheduling criteria for wireless resources based on quality criteria using the level of interference

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communication technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for avoiding inter-cell interference.
  • Inter-cell interference is an inherent problem of cellular mobile communication systems.
  • the following scheme can be used to reduce the small-interference problem in a cellular mobile communication system: The specific steps are as follows:
  • Each base station is equipped with a directional antenna, and both can choose to form a beam for data transmission in one of a plurality of directions.
  • Each base station broadcasts in turn, the first base station broadcasts once with all its beams, then the next base station broadcasts, and so on.
  • Each UE measures the intensity of each beam of each base station to its own during the broadcast process.
  • the UE feeds back the measured information to the base station controller.
  • the base station controller determines the correspondence between the base station, the beam, and the UE according to the information fed back by the UE. Can effectively avoid interference between cells.
  • the above solution adopts a beamforming technique to avoid inter-cell interference.
  • the inventor finds that at least the following problems exist in the prior art: signaling interaction between the UE and the base station is frequent, and the number is relatively high. A large amount, that is, the signaling overhead that needs to be spent is large.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and apparatus for avoiding inter-cell interference, which can effectively avoid inter-cell interference through less signaling interaction.
  • a method for avoiding inter-cell interference including:
  • the downlink transmission or when it performs the uplink transmission the user who does not interfere with the neighboring cell or whose interference to the neighboring cell is within the preset range, when the conflicting user performs downlink transmission or when it performs uplink transmission
  • the interference generated by the neighboring cell exceeds the preset range of users
  • the conflicting users are allocated to the subframes of the data transmission, so that the conflicting users of the local cell and the conflicting users of the neighboring cells are allocated on different time-frequency resources.
  • a device for avoiding inter-cell interference comprising:
  • a dividing unit configured to divide a user in the cell into a security user and a conflicting user, where the security user does not interfere with the neighboring cell or interferes with the neighboring cell when performing downlink transmission or when performing uplink transmission
  • the security user does not interfere with the neighboring cell or interferes with the neighboring cell when performing downlink transmission or when performing uplink transmission
  • an allocating unit configured to allocate the conflicting user to the data transmission subframe, and allocate the conflicting user of the local cell and the conflicting user of the neighboring cell to different time-frequency resources.
  • the base station divides the user of the cell into a security user and a conflicting user, and each base station allocates the conflicting user of the current cell in the data transmission subframe of the base station, so that interference exists.
  • Conflicting users between neighboring cells are allocated on different time-frequency resources. Because conflicting users between neighboring cells with different interferences use different time-frequency resources, the interference of users in conflict between neighboring cells is avoided, and a large amount of information interaction between the base station and the user is not required, so the signaling is greatly reduced. Overhead and interaction delays.
  • FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for avoiding inter-cell interference according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of another method for avoiding inter-cell interference according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • the base station provided in the allocation to the data transmission sub-frame by time dimension Schematic diagram of conflicting users;
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a base station according to an embodiment of the present invention assigning a conflicting user to a data transmission subframe according to a frequency dimension;
  • Figure 5 is a flow chart of step 201 of Figure 2;
  • FIG. 6 is a flow chart of an embodiment of step 203 of FIG. 2;
  • Figure 7 is a flow chart showing another embodiment of step 203 in Figure 2;
  • FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of an apparatus for avoiding inter-cell interference according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a structural diagram of another apparatus for avoiding inter-cell interference according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a method for avoiding inter-cell interference. As shown in FIG. 1 , the following steps are included:
  • the base station divides the user in the cell into a security user and a conflicting user.
  • the security user performs downlink transmission or when performing uplink transmission, the user does not interfere with the neighboring cell or the interference generated by the neighboring cell is in a preset range.
  • the user within the user, the conflicting user is the user who interferes with the neighboring cell when the downlink transmission is performed or when the uplink transmission is performed.
  • the security user may be a user far away from the cell edge, or a user at the cell edge but not near other co-frequency cells; the conflicting user may be a user located at the edge of the cell and having other co-frequency cells nearby.
  • the base station allocates a conflicting user to the subframe in which the data is transmitted, and allocates the conflicting user of the local cell and the conflicting user of the neighboring cell to different time-frequency resources.
  • the base station divides the user of the cell into a security user and a conflicting user, and each base station allocates the conflicting user of the current cell in the data transmission subframe of the base station, so that the neighboring cell with interference exists.
  • Conflicting users are assigned on different time-frequency resources. Since conflicting users between adjacent cells having interference respectively use different time-frequency resources, mutual interference of conflicting users between adjacent cells can be avoided.
  • the method and the device for avoiding inter-cell interference provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by causing conflicting users between neighboring cells with interference to be allocated on different time-frequency resources, to avoid interference of users in conflict between adjacent cells,
  • the base station and the user perform a large amount of information exchange, so the signaling overhead and the interaction delay are greatly reduced.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides another method for avoiding inter-cell interference. As shown in FIG. 2, the method includes the following steps:
  • the base station or the UE performs interference environment measurement.
  • this step may include the following steps:
  • the base station If the base station calculates an equivalent average interference value of the neighboring cell user when the base station of the local cell transmits the downlink data, the base station mutes the M time-frequency resource blocks of the uplink data transmission.
  • the base station mutes the M time-frequency resource blocks of the downlink data transmission, and M is a non-zero natural number.
  • the base station mutes the M time-frequency resource blocks of the uplink subframe or the downlink subframe.
  • a time-frequency resource block can transmit one symbol, for example, it can be considered as a RE (Resource Element) in an LTE system.
  • the M time-frequency resource blocks can be allocated as much as possible on different subcarriers and in different uplink or downlink OFDM symbols in order to obtain an interference signal close to the average value.
  • the mute resource blocks of different cells must be orthogonal, that is, do not overlap each other.
  • Each antenna of the base station or the UE separately measures an interference signal received by each time-frequency resource block in the M time-frequency resource blocks.
  • the base station PBS1 measures the uplink interference signal on each antenna.
  • the UE measures the downlink interference signal on each antenna.
  • PBS1 has a total of N antennas, It is convenient to describe "the signal measured in the mth mute resource block for the nth antenna of PBS1. It is assumed that the user UE has a total of N antennas, and the nth antenna of the UE is recorded in the mth mute resource block. The measured signal.
  • the base station or UE calculates an average of the interference signals measured by each antenna.
  • the base station PBS1 or UE averages the interference signals measured by different antenna blocks in each resource block, that is, M
  • the base station or the UE ensures that the interference of the user or the base station of the local cell to the neighboring cell base station or the user is less than the preset interference value, calculate a beam transmit power that maximizes the signal to interference and noise ratio of the base station or the user of the cell, or guarantee the local cell.
  • the signal to interference and noise ratio of the base station or the user is greater than the preset signal to interference and noise ratio, calculate the beam transmission power that minimizes the interference of the user or the base station of the cell to the neighboring cell base station user, and the cell user or the base station transmits the signal according to the transmission. Power transmission signal.
  • the base station or UE To further determine the transmit power of the base station or UE, the base station or UE first measures the average interference signal for all antennas.
  • the base station PBS1 calculates the equivalent interference generated to the neighboring cells when the downlink or uplink is beamformed.
  • the so-called equivalent interference means that this is not exactly equal to the true interference when the downlink or uplink data is transmitted, but an approximate value.
  • the equivalent total interference to the neighboring cell is P "E , where is the transmit power of PBS 1 , £ can be the average transmit power of the UE or the peak transmit power of the UE," is a constant designed according to experience.
  • ⁇ , ⁇ ⁇ ) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ 1 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ "- 1) ⁇ ⁇ ⁇
  • the equivalent total interference generated for the neighboring cell is W, where
  • transmit power may be an average of neighboring PBS cells may be the peak transmit power of neighboring PBS cells, "it is designed to experience a constant.
  • the base station or the user of the cell can obtain the maximum signal to interference and noise ratio of the receiving end when the interference to the neighboring cell is less than the preset interference value.
  • the formula for calculating the transmit power Specifically, during the downlink data transmission process, TP',
  • ⁇ B k e- can calculate the signal to interference and noise ratio data transmission process of the base station according to the formula, and can pass the formula
  • the downlink peak transmit power of the base station which is the uplink transmit power of the user, and may be the average transmit power of the UE . It may also be the peak transmit power of the UE, may be the average transmit power of the base station, or the peak transmit power of the base station, the average value of the interference signals measured for the kth antenna, M is the number of antennas, and k is a non-zero natural number. .
  • the base station or the user can obtain the transmission power meter that minimizes the interference to the neighboring cell when the signal to interference and noise ratio of the receiving end is greater than the preset signal to interference and noise ratio.
  • the cell user can be calculated in the beam direction according to the formula.
  • the transmission power with the least interference to the neighboring cell may also calculate the transmission power that minimizes the interference of the base station of the cell to the neighboring cell in the beam direction according to the formula, wherein the channel after the beamforming is used for the direction ⁇ , representative interference and noise
  • the total power, SmR is the signal to noise ratio that the selected user must meet.
  • the base station or the UE ensures that the interference of the user or the base station of the local cell to the neighboring cell base station or the user is less than the preset interference value, calculate a beam direction angle that maximizes the signal to interference and noise ratio of the base station or the user of the cell, or guarantee the local cell.
  • the signal to interference and noise ratio of the base station or the user is greater than the preset signal to interference and noise ratio, the beam direction angle that minimizes the interference of the user or the base station of the cell to the neighboring cell base station or the user is calculated, and the signal transmitting end according to the direction of the direction when transmitting the signal. emission.
  • the base station or the UE calculates a beam direction angle that maximizes the signal to interference and noise ratio of the receiving end of the cell. Specifically, the following steps may be included:
  • the base station or the UE arbitrarily selects two direction angles, denoted by , .. , ... ⁇ , / is a non-zero natural number.
  • 203b The base station or the UE calculates a signal to interference and noise ratio of the receiving end corresponding to the ⁇ direction angles of the local cell.
  • ⁇ W?( ⁇ , ) refers to the user's signal to interference and noise ratio when the base station aligns the direction of the beam with the direction angle ⁇ .
  • the base station or the UE acquires the maximum signal to interference and noise ratio of the receiver at the receiving end of the cell.
  • ⁇ ⁇ m ⁇ T (l) According to the formula ⁇ ⁇ ? one (2), where ⁇ is the upper limit of the base station's equivalent total power to the neighboring cell; ⁇ is the downlink peak transmit power of the base station. Looking for a value such that the target user's letter to dry ratio when using the beam direction and the corresponding transmission power
  • the base station or UE calculates the direction angle at which the equivalent average interference to the neighboring cells is the smallest.
  • 203 A arbitrarily select the angle of 2 directions, denoted as .J .JQ , which is a non-zero natural number.
  • 203B Calculate an interference value of the transmitting end of the local cell to the neighboring cell base station or the user in the ⁇ direction direction.
  • the interference value of the neighboring cell base station or the user in the ⁇ direction direction of the transmitting end is calculated.
  • the base station or the UE divides the users in the cell into security users and conflicting users.
  • the interference to the neighboring cells or the interference to the neighboring cells is preset. Users within the range, when the conflicting user transmits them downstream Or when it performs uplink transmission, the interference generated by the neighboring cell exceeds the user of the preset range.
  • the security user the interference to the neighboring cell is less than the preset interference value, and the signal to interference and noise ratio (SINR) is greater than the preset signal to interference and noise ratio.
  • SINR signal to interference and noise ratio
  • the security user may be a user who is far from the edge of the cell, or a user who has no other intra-frequency cells at the edge of the cell but nearby.
  • conflicting users Users who do not meet the security user criteria are classified as conflicting users.
  • the conflicting user may be a user located at the edge of the cell and having other co-frequency cells nearby.
  • the security user and the conflicting user may be divided according to the maximum value of the signal to interference and noise ratio calculated in step 203c, and the maximum value of the signal to interference and noise ratio of the base station or the user is The value of the signal to interference and noise ratio is compared. If the maximum value of the signal to interference and noise ratio of the base station or the user is greater than or equal to the preset signal to interference and noise ratio, the base station or the user is a security user. Otherwise, the base station or the user is a conflicting user.
  • the security user and the conflicting user may be classified according to the minimum interference of the cell user or the base station to the neighboring cell base station or the user acquired in step 203C, and the base station or the user may be used to the neighboring cell base station or user.
  • the minimum interference value is compared with the preset interference value. If the minimum interference of the base station or the user to the neighboring cell base station or the user is less than the preset interference value, the base station or the user is a security user. Otherwise, the base station or the user is Conflicting users.
  • Embodiments of the present invention require a PBS (Pico Base Station (PBS), a microcell base station) to have an antenna array, so that a transmit beam can be selected to be formed in one of multiple directions; or a single antenna owned by the PBS is required to have multiple optional beams. direction.
  • PBS Physical Base Station
  • a PBS having only one antenna beam can be regarded as a special case and is still included in the scope of use of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention requires the UE (User Equipment) to have an antenna array so that a transmit beam can be selected to be formed in one of multiple directions; or a single antenna owned by the UE is required to have multiple optional beam directions.
  • a user with only one antenna beam can be considered as a special case and still be included in the scope of use of the present invention.
  • the base station allocates a conflicting user to the data transmission subframe, and the conflicting user of the local cell and the conflicting user of the neighboring cell are allocated on different time-frequency resources.
  • the base station may first receive a notification message of a conflicting user allocation manner sent by a neighboring cell user, where the notification message includes the conflicting users of the local cell and the conflicting users of the neighboring cells are allocated at different time and frequency. The way resources are allocated.
  • the base station After receiving the notification message, the base station allocates a conflicting user to the data transmission subframe according to the notification message, so that the conflicting user of the local cell and the conflicting user of the neighboring cell are allocated to different time-frequency resources.
  • the base station may also allocate a conflicting user according to a preset allocation manner, where the preset allocation manner is configured to allocate conflicting users of the local cell and conflicting users of neighboring cells to different time-frequency resources. on.
  • the base station When the base station transmits downlink, the user can feed back the information that belongs to the security or conflicting user to the base station; or the base station can request the user to perform channel and interference information feedback, thereby calculating whether the user belongs to the security user or conflict.
  • the base station arranges for the secure user to transmit data uplink, the base station calculates that the user belongs to the security user or conflict.
  • a base station transmits data to a security user in downlink its interference to neighboring cells is within a tolerable range.
  • a conflicting user can be understood as a user at the edge of the cell.
  • the base station transmits data to the conflicting user its interference to the neighboring cell is considered to affect the normal downlink of the conflicting user of the neighboring cell.
  • the base station arranges for the security user to transmit data uplink, its interference to neighboring cells is within a tolerable range.
  • the conflicting user can be understood as a user at the edge of the cell.
  • its interference to the near cell is considered to affect the normal uplink of the conflicting user of the neighboring cell.
  • the base station allocates conflicting users according to the time dimension.
  • Picocell 1 (Cell 1) and Picocell 2 (Cell 2) are mutually adjacent cells.
  • Picocell 1 the base station allocates the resources of the conflicting users in one subframe from right to left, that is, the conflicting users are allocated in the transmitted signals.
  • Picocell 2 the base station allocates the resources of the conflicting users in one subframe from left to right, that is, the conflicting users are allocated signals transmitted first.
  • the base station allocates conflicting users by frequency dimension. As shown in FIG. 4, in Picocell 1, the base station allocates resources of a conflicting user in one subframe from a low frequency subcarrier to a high frequency subcarrier; and in Pi C0Cell 2, the base station conflicts the user in one The allocation of resources in a subframe is from a high frequency subcarrier to a low frequency subcarrier.
  • the above two methods can be combined, that is, the conflicting users are allocated from the time dimension and the frequency dimension, so that the conflicting users are different in at least one of time or frequency.
  • the base station divides the user of the cell into a security user and a conflicting user, and each base station allocates the conflicting user of the current cell in the data transmission subframe of the base station, so that the neighboring cell with interference exists.
  • Conflicting users are assigned on different time-frequency resources. Since conflicting users between neighboring cells having interference respectively use different time-frequency resources, mutual interference of conflicting users between neighboring cells can be avoided.
  • the method and the device for avoiding inter-cell interference provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by causing conflicting users between neighboring cells with interference to be allocated on different time-frequency resources, to avoid interference of users in conflict between adjacent cells,
  • the base station and the user perform a large amount of information exchange, so the signaling overhead and the interaction delay are greatly reduced.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for avoiding inter-cell interference.
  • the apparatus includes: a dividing unit 81 and an allocating unit 82.
  • the dividing unit 81 divides the users in the current cell into security users and conflicting users.
  • security users perform downlink transmission or when they perform uplink transmission, they do not interfere with neighboring cells or interfere with neighboring cells.
  • the user within the preset range when the conflicting user performs downlink transmission or when it performs uplink transmission, the interference generated by the neighboring cell exceeds the preset range.
  • the allocating unit 82 allocates the conflicting users to the subframes of the data transmission, so that the conflicting users of the own cell and the conflicting users of the neighboring cells are allocated on different time-frequency resources.
  • the base station divides the user of the cell into a security user and a conflicting user, and each base station allocates the conflicting user of the current cell in the data transmission subframe of the base station, so that the neighboring cell with interference exists.
  • Conflicting users are assigned on different time-frequency resources. Since conflicting users between neighboring cells having interference respectively use different time-frequency resources, mutual interference of conflicting users between neighboring cells can be avoided.
  • the method and the device for avoiding inter-cell interference provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by causing conflicting users between neighboring cells with interference to be allocated on different time-frequency resources, to avoid interference of users in conflict between adjacent cells,
  • the base station and the user perform a large amount of information exchange, so the signaling overhead and the interaction delay are greatly reduced.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides another device for avoiding inter-cell interference.
  • the method includes: a third calculating unit 91, a first calculating unit 92, a second calculating unit 93, The dividing unit 94, the allocating unit 95, and the receiving unit 96.
  • the third calculating unit 91 includes: a setting module 911, a measuring module 912, and a first calculating module 913.
  • the first calculating unit 92 includes: a selecting module 921, a calculating module 922, and an obtaining module 923.
  • the dividing unit 94 divides the users in the current cell into security users and conflicting users. When the security users perform downlink transmission or when they perform uplink transmission, they do not interfere with neighboring cells or interfere with neighboring cells. For a user within the range, the conflicting user is a user who interferes with the neighboring cell beyond the preset range when performing downlink transmission or when performing uplink transmission.
  • the allocating unit 95 allocates the conflicting users to the subframes of the data transmission, so that the conflicting users of the current cell and the conflicting users of the neighboring cells are allocated on different time-frequency resources.
  • the receiving unit 96 receives the notification message of the conflicting user allocation mode sent by the neighboring cell, and the notification message includes an allocation manner of allocating the conflicting users of the local cell and the conflicting users of the neighboring cells to different time-frequency resources.
  • the allocating unit 95 may allocate the conflicting user to the subframe of the data transmission after the receiving unit 96 receives the notification message of the conflicting user allocation manner sent by the neighboring cell.
  • the allocating unit 95 may also allocate the conflicting user according to a preset allocation manner, where the preset allocation manner allocates conflicting users of the current cell and conflicting users of neighboring cells to different ones. On the time-frequency resources.
  • the third calculating unit 91 calculates the interference of the neighboring cells received by each antenna, and calculates the equivalent average interference value of the antenna to the neighboring cell base station or the user.
  • the setting module 911 sets the M time-frequency resource blocks of the uplink data transmission to be mute; if calculating the uplink data transmission of the user of the cell
  • the module 911 sets the M time-frequency resource blocks of the downlink data transmission to be mute, and M is a non-zero natural number;
  • the measurement module 912 is configured to separately measure the M times for each antenna.
  • the interference signal received by each time-frequency resource block in the frequency resource block; the first calculation module 913 calculates an average value of the interference signals measured by each antenna.
  • the first calculating unit 92 calculates a beam direction angle that maximizes the signal-to-noise ratio of the base station or the user of the cell when the interference of the user or the base station of the cell to the neighboring cell base station or the user is less than the preset interference value, or guarantees the cell in the cell.
  • the beam direction angle that minimizes the interference of the user of the cell or the base station to the user of the neighboring cell base station is calculated, and the signal transmitting end transmits according to the direction angle when transmitting the signal. .
  • the selection module 921 arbitrarily selects two direction angles, denoted as .Ji, / is a non-zero natural number; the calculation module 922 calculates a signal to interference and noise ratio of the base station or each user corresponding to the ⁇ direction angle of the current cell, and is used for Calculating the interference of the neighboring cell base station or the user in the ⁇ direction of the cell; the obtaining module 923 is configured to enable the base station or the user to perform the message when the interference of the transmitting antenna of the cell to the neighboring cell base station or the user is less than the preset interference value.
  • the noise ratio is the largest ⁇ , used to obtain the guarantee in the community
  • the signal to interference and noise ratio of the base station or the user is greater than the preset signal to interference and noise ratio, the interference of the user or the base station of the cell to the neighboring cell base station or the user is minimized.
  • the second computing unit 93 ensures that the interference of the user or the base station of the local cell to the neighboring cell base station or the user is less than the preset interference value, calculate the beam transmit power that maximizes the signal to interference and noise ratio of the base station or the user of the cell, or guarantee the local cell.
  • the beam transmit power that minimizes the interference of the user of the cell or the base station to the user of the neighboring cell base station is calculated, and the signal transmitting end transmits according to the transmit power when transmitting the signal. .
  • the formula is calculated to maximize the signal to interference and noise ratio of the user of the cell (where r is the upper limit of the base station's equivalent total power to the neighboring cell; and is the downlink peak transmit power of the base station, and is the uplink peak transmit power of the user, which may be the UE
  • the average transmit power may also be the peak transmit power of the UE, may be the average transmit power of the base station, or may be the peak transmit power of the base station, the average value of the interference signals measured for the kth antenna, M is the number of antennas, Is a non-zero natural number.
  • the second calculating unit 93 can be based on a formula
  • the transmit power can also be calculated according to the formula - - the transmit power that minimizes the interference of the user of the cell to the neighboring cell in the beam direction, wherein the channel after beamforming is used for the direction, the total power representing interference and noise, ⁇ v ⁇ is the signal to noise ratio that the selected user must satisfy.
  • the base station divides the user of the cell into a security user and a conflicting user, and each base station allocates the conflicting user of the current cell in the data transmission subframe of the base station, so that the neighboring cell with interference exists.
  • Conflicting users are assigned on different time-frequency resources.
  • the conflicting users between the neighboring cells with interference respectively use different time-frequency resources, so that mutual interference of conflicting users between neighboring cells can be avoided.
  • the method and the device for avoiding inter-cell interference provided by the embodiment of the present invention, by causing conflicting users between neighboring cells with interference to be allocated on different time-frequency resources, to avoid interference of users in conflict between adjacent cells,
  • the base station and the user perform a large amount of information exchange, so the signaling overhead and the interaction delay are greatly reduced.
  • the embodiments of the present invention can be applied to scenarios with directional interference, and can also be applied to scenarios without directional interference, so that only a small amount of interaction between base stations can achieve mutual avoidance of inter-cell interference beams.
  • the biggest advantage of this scheme is that the requirements for communication between base stations are relatively low, and the operation of the base station is relatively independent, which is suitable for deployment of a large-scale network.
  • inventions include uplink and downlink data transmission for densely deployed femtocell networks.
  • dense deployment means that there is mutual interference between femtocells.
  • the interference between femtocells is likely to be directional. For example, consider the case of deploying femtocell in a residential area. Each family deploys a femtocell base station; the downlink interference between femtocells comes from the window, with obvious directionality.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are applicable to a scenario in which data is transmitted in a picocell, that is, a dense network composed of microcell base stations.
  • the so-called dense network refers to the mutual interference of data transmission between the picocells due to the close distance.
  • dense networks may occur but are not limited to the continuous deployment of picocells within a city block.
  • the present invention can be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware, and of course, by hardware, but in many cases, the former is a better implementation. .
  • the technical solution of the present invention which is essential or contributes to the prior art, may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a readable storage medium, such as a floppy disk of a computer.
  • a hard disk or optical disk or the like includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.

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Description

避免小区间干扰的方法和装置 本申请要求于 201 1 年 3 月 28 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201 1 10075558. 2、 发明名称为 "避免小区间干扰的方法和装置" 的中国专 利申请的优先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及无线通信技术领域, 尤其涉及避免小区间干扰的方法和装置。 背景技术 小区间干扰是蜂窝移动通信系统的一个固有问题, 为了减轻小区间干扰 对通信系统性能的影响, 目前可以采用以下方案减小蜂窝移动通信系统中的 小区间干扰问题: 具体步骤如下:
1.每个基站都配备方向性天线,并且都可以选择向多个方向中的一个方向 形成波束进行数据传输。
2.每个基站轮流进行广播, 第一个基站用它所有的波束轮流广播一遍, 然 后下一个基站广播,依此类推。在广播过程中每个 UE测量每个基站的每个波 束到自己的信号强度。
3. UE把测量到的信息反馈给基站控制器。 基站控制器根据 UE反馈的信 息决定基站、 波束和 UE的对应关系。 能够有效避免小区间的干扰。
上述方案采用波束成形技术避免小区间干扰, 在采用上述方案实现避免 小区间干扰的过程中, 发明人发现现有技术中至少存在如下问题: UE和基站 之间的信令交互频繁, 且数量较大量, 即需要支出的信令开销较大。
发明内容
本发明的实施例提供一种避免小区间干扰的方法和装置, 能够通过较少 的信令交互, 有效的避免小区间干扰。
为达到上述目的, 本发明的实施例采用如下技术方案:
一种避免小区间干扰的方法, 包括:
将本小区内用户划分为安全用户和冲突用户, 所述安全用户为对其进行 下行传输时或当其进行上行传输时, 对邻近小区无干扰或者其对邻近小区产 生的干扰在预设范围之内的用户, 所述冲突用户为对其进行下行传输时或当 其进行上行传输时, 对邻近小区产生的干扰超出所述预设范围的用户;
向数据传输的子帧中分配所述冲突用户, 使本小区的冲突用户和邻近小 区的冲突用户分配在不同的时频资源上。
一种避免小区间干扰的装置, 包括:
划分单元, 用于将本小区内用户划分为安全用户和冲突用户, 所述安全 用户为对其进行下行传输时或当其进行上行传输时, 对邻近小区无干扰或者 其对邻近小区产生的干扰在预设范围之内的用户, 所述冲突用户为对其进行 下行传输时或当其进行上行传输时, 对邻近小区产生的干扰超出所述预设范 围的用户;
分配单元, 用于向数据传输的子帧中分配所述冲突用户, 使本小区的冲 突用户和邻近小区的冲突用户分配在不同的时频资源上。
本发明实施例提供的避免小区间干扰的方法和装置, 基站把本小区用户 分为安全用户和冲突用户, 各个基站将本小区的冲突用户分配在该基站的数 据传输子帧中, 使存在干扰的邻近小区之间的冲突用户被分配在不同的时频 资源上。 由于存在干扰的邻近小区之间的冲突用户分别使用不同的时频资源, 达到避免邻近小区间冲突用户的干扰, 不需要基站与用户之间进行大量的信 息交互, 所以, 较大减少了信令开销和交互时延。
附图说明 为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案, 下面将对实施例描述中 所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本 发明的一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动的 前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为本发明实施例提供的一种避免小区间干扰的方法的流程图; 图 2为本发明实施例提供的另一种避免小区间干扰的方法的流程图; 图 3 为本发明实施例中提供的基站按时间维度向数据传输的子帧中分配 冲突用户的示意图;
图 4为本发明实施例中提供的基站按频率维度向数据传输的子帧中分配 冲突用户的示意图;
图 5为图 2中步骤 201的流程图;
图 6为图 2中步骤 203的一种实施方式的流程图;
图 7图 2中步骤 203的另一实施方式流程图;
图 8为本发明实施例提供的一种避免小区间干扰的装置的结构图; 图 9为本发明实施例提供的另一种避免小区间干扰的装置的结构图。 具体实施方式 下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行 清楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例, 而 不是全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有作 出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供了一种避免小区间干扰的方法, 如图 1 所示, 包括以 下步骤:
101、 基站将本小区内用户划分为安全用户和冲突用户, 安全用户为对其 进行下行传输时或当其进行上行传输时, 对邻近小区无干扰或者对邻近小区 产生的干扰在预设范围之内的用户, 冲突用户为对其进行下行传输时或当其 进行上行传输时, 对邻近小区产生的干扰超出所述预设范围的用户。 在实际 系统中, 安全用户可能是离小区边缘较远的用户, 或者是在小区边缘但是附 近没有其他同频小区的用户; 冲突用户可能是位于小区边缘且附近有其他同 频小区的用户。
为了实现避免邻近小区间的相互干扰, 首先需要将小区中的会对邻近小 区产生干扰的用户, 即冲突用户找到, 并将小区中的冲突用户同安全用户区 分开来。
102、 基站向数据传输的子帧中分配冲突用户, 使本小区的冲突用户和邻 近小区的冲突用户分配在不同的时频资源上。 本实施例提供的避免小区间干扰的方法, 基站把本小区用户分为安全用 户和冲突用户, 各个基站将本小区的冲突用户分配在该基站的数据传输子帧 中, 使存在干扰的邻近小区之间的冲突用户被分配在不同的时频资源上。 由 于存在干扰的邻近小区之间的冲突用户分别使用不同的时频资源, 所以能够 避免邻近小区之间的冲突用户的互相干扰。
由于本发明实施例提供的避免小区间干扰的方法和装置, 通过使存在干 扰的邻近小区之间的冲突用户被分配在不同的时频资源上, 达到避免邻近小 区间冲突用户的干扰, 不需要基站与用户之间进行大量的信息交互, 所以, 较大减少了信令开销和交互时延。
作为本实施例的一种改进, 本发明实施例提供另一种避免小区间干扰的 方法, 如图 2所示, 包括以下步骤:
201、 基站或 UE进行干扰环境测量。
具体的, 作为本实施例的一种实施方式, 如图 5所示, 本步骤可以包括 以下步骤:
201a. 若基站计算本小区基站在下行数据传输时对邻近小区用户的等效 平均干扰值, 基站将上行数据传输的 M个时频资源块设为静音。
若 UE计算本小区用户在上行数据传输时对邻近小区基站的等效平均干 扰值, 基站将下行数据传输的 M个时频资源块设为静音, M为非零自然数。
基站把上行子帧或下行子帧的 M个时频资源块设为静音。 一个时频资源 块可以传输一个符号, 例如, 可以认为是 LTE 系统中的一个 RE (Resource Element , 资源块)。这 M个时频资源块可以尽量分配在不同的子载波上和不 同的上行或者下行 OFDM符号内, 以便获得接近平均值的干扰信号。 不同小 区的静音资源块必须正交, 即不相互重叠。
201b、 基站或 UE的每个天线分别测量所述 M个时频资源块中每个时频 资源块受到的干扰信号。
在 M个静音的时频资源块中, 基站 PBS1在每个天线上测量上行的干扰 信号。 UE在每个天线上测量下行的干扰信号。 假定 PBS1共有 N个天线, 为 方便叙述记 " 为 PBS1的第 n个天线在第 m个静音资源块中测量到的信号。 假定用户 UE共有 N个天线,记^^为 UE的第 n个天线在第 m个静音资源块 中测量到的信号。
201c. 基站或 UE计算每个天线测得的干扰信号的平均值。
基站 PBS1或 UE对每个天线在不同资源块测量到的干扰信号取平均, 即 M
" Μ ι (η=1,2,· . "Ν)。
202、 基站或 UE在保证本小区用户或基站对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰 小于预设干扰值时, 计算使本小区基站或用户的信干噪比最大的波束发射功 率, 或者在保证本小区基站或用户的信干噪比大于预设信干噪比时, 计算使 本小区用户或基站对邻近小区基站用户的干扰最小的波束发射功率, 本小区 用户或基站在发送信号时按照所述发射功率发射信号。
为了进一步确定基站或者 UE的发射功率,首先基站或 UE测量所有天线 的平均干扰信号。基站 PBS1计算当下行或者上行采用波束成形后对邻近小区 产生的等效干扰, 所谓等效干扰是指这并不是精确地等于下行或者上行数据 传输时的真正干扰, 而是一个近似值。
例如, 在下行数据传输过程中, 当基站 PBS1的天线阵列把下行的波束主 方 向对准方 向 角 的 时候 , 对临近小 区的等效总干扰为
Figure imgf000007_0001
P"E , 其中, 是 PBS 1的发射功率, £可以是 UE的 平均发射功率也可以是 UE 的峰值发射功率, "是一个根据经验而设计的常 数。
在上行数据传输过程中,当 UE1的天线阵列把上行的波束对准方向角 Φ的
Ι{φ,ΡυΕ) = α \ ΎΒεκ"-1)φ \ ^
时候, 对临近小区产生的等效总干扰为 W , 其中 是
UE1的发射功率, 可以是相邻小区 PBS的平均发射功率也可以是相邻小区 PBS的峰值发射功率, "是一个根据经验而设计的常数。
根据上述等效干扰功率的计算公式和对临近小区等效干扰功率的上限值 τ,可以获得本小区基站或用户在保证对邻近小区干扰小于预设干扰值时最大 化接收端信干噪比的发射功率计算公式。 具体的, 在下行数据传输过程中, TP',
= min BS peak
\∑Bke- 可以根据公式 计算使本小区基站的信干噪比 数 据传输过程 中 , 可 以通过公式
Figure imgf000008_0001
计算使本小区用户的信干噪比最大的 , 其中, 是基站对临近小区等效总功率的上限; 是基站的下行峰值发射 功率、 是用户的上行峰值发射功率, 可以是 UE的平均发射功率也可 以是 UE的峰值发射功率、 可以是基站的平均发射功率也可以是基站的峰 值发射功率、 为第 k个天线测得的干扰信号的平均值、 M为天线的数量、 k 为非零自然数。
根据上述等效干扰功率的计算公式, 可以获得本小区基站或用户在保证 接收端信干噪比大于预设信干噪比值时最小化对邻近小区干扰的发射功率计
SINRThresP
Figure imgf000008_0002
算公式。 可以根据公式 计算在波束方向 上使本小区用户
SINRThresP
Figure imgf000008_0003
对邻近小区的干扰最小的发射功率, 也可以根据公式 计算 在波束方向 上使本小区基站对邻近小区的干扰最小的发射功率,其中, 代表对方向 Α使用波束成形后的信道、 代表干扰和噪声的总功率、 SmR 是选定用户必须要满足的信噪比。
203、 基站或 UE在保证本小区用户或基站对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰 小于预设干扰值时, 计算使本小区基站或用户的信干噪比最大的波束方向角 度, 或者在保证本小区基站或用户的信干噪比大于预设信干噪比时, 计算使 本小区用户或基站对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰最小的波束方向角度, 信号 发射端在发送信号时按照所述方向角度发射。
具体的, 作为本实施例的一种实施方式, 如图 6所示, 基站或 UE计算使 本小区接收端的信干噪比最大的波束方向角度。 具体可以包括以下步骤:
203a. 基站或 UE任意选取 2个方向角度, 记为 、 .. 、 ... Φα , /为非零 自然数。 203b, 基站或 UE计算本小区 β个方向角度对应的接收端的信干噪比。
^W?(^, )是指当基站把波束的方向对准方向角 Α时, 该用户的信干噪 比。
203c. 基站或 UE获取使本小区接收端所述信干噪比最大的 。
\ ^m ≤T (l) 根据公式 ^ ≤ ?一 (2), 其中, Τ是基站对临近小区等效 总功率的上限; ^^^是基站的下行峰值发射功率。 在 中寻找—个 值使得当使用该波束方向以及相应的传输功率时, 目标用户的信干燥比
WM^, ^)最大。 作为本实施例的另一种实施方式,如图 7所示,基站或 UE计算对邻近小 区的等效平均干扰最小的方向角度。
具体可以包括以下步骤:
203 A , 任意选取 2个方向角度, 记为 .J .JQ , 为非零自然数。 203B、 计算本小区发射端在 β个方向角度中对邻近小区基站或用户的干 扰值。
I V B ej(t I P
根据公式 ^ " 计算本小区在发射端 β个方向角度中对邻近小 区基站或用户的干扰值。
203C、获取使本小区用户或基站对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰最小的
SINR^ P^ SINR^ (3)
根据公式 Pbs≤Pbs' (4) , 其中, W^d^)是指当基站把 波束的方向对准方向角 时选定用户的信干噪比, 謹 是选定用户必须要 满足的信噪比; 是基站的下行峰值发射功率。 计算使本小区用户或基站
M _
min I V B ej(k)<h I P
对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰最小值^ k BS ,以及该干扰最小值
arg min | V¾e^1 \ ΡΒ5 ( 1 )
所对应的波速方向 , ,和相应的发射功率。
204、 基站或 UE将本小区内用户划分为安全用户和冲突用户, 安全用户 为对其进行下行传输时或当其进行上行传输时, 对邻近小区无干扰或者对邻 近小区产生的干扰在预设范围之内的用户, 冲突用户为对其进行下行传输时 或当其进行上行传输时, 对邻近小区产生的干扰超出所述预设范围的用户。 为了实现避免邻近小区间的相互干扰, 首先需要将小区中的会对邻近小 区产生干扰的用户, 即冲突用户找到, 并将小区中的冲突用户同安全用户区 分开来。
作为本实施例的一种实施方式, 对于安全用户和冲突用户作一些定义: 安全用户: 对邻近小区的干扰小于预设干扰值, 且信干噪比 (SINR) 大 于预设信干噪比的用户。 具体的, 在保证对邻近小区的干扰不高于一个预设 上限值的前提下, 符合该小区用户服务质量要求的用户, 则该用户被归类为 安全用户。 或者在保证本小区用户接收信号质量的前提下, 对邻近小区用户 的干扰小于预设上限值的用户, 则该用户被归类为安全用户。 在实际系统中, 安全用户可能是离小区边缘较远的用户, 或者是在小区边缘但是附近没有其 他同频小区的用户。
冲突用户: 不符合安全用户标准的用户被归类为冲突用户。 在实际系统 中, 冲突用户可能是位于小区边缘且附近有其他同频小区的用户。
作为本实施例的一种实施方式, 可以根据步骤 203c中计算得出的信干噪 比最大值 ^Κ^ ^)划分安全用户和冲突用户,将基站或者用户的信干噪比最 大值同预设的信干噪比值进行比较, 若基站或者用户的信干噪比最大值大于 或等于预设的信干噪比值, 则该基站或者用户为安全用户, 否则, 该基站或 者用户为冲突用户。
作为本实施例的一种实施方式,可以根据步骤 203C中获取的使本小区用 户或基站对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰最小值划分安全用户和冲突用户, 将 基站或者用户对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰最小值同预设的干扰值进行比 较, 若基站或用户对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰最小值小于预设的干扰值, 则该基站或者用户为安全用户, 否则, 该基站或者用户为冲突用户。
本发明实施例要求 PBS (Pico Base Station (PBS), 微蜂窝基站)拥有天线 阵列, 从而可以选择向多个方向中的一个形成发射波束; 或者要求 PBS拥有 的单天线有多个可选的波束方向。 只有一种天线波束的 PBS可以视为一个特 例而仍然包括在本发明的使用范围内。 本发明实施例要求 UE (User Equipment , 用户设备) 拥有天线阵列从而 可以选择向多个方向中的一个形成发射波束;或者,要求 UE拥有的单天线有 多个可选的波束方向。 只有一种天线波束的用户可以视为一个特例而仍然包 括在本发明的使用范围内。
205、 基站向数据传输的子帧中分配冲突用户, 使本小区的冲突用户和邻 近小区的冲突用户分配在不同的时频资源上。
作为本实施例的一种实施方式, 基站可以首先接收邻近小区用户发送的 冲突用户分配方式的通知消息, 该通知消息中包含使本小区的冲突用户和邻 近小区的冲突用户分配在不同的时频资源上的分配方式。
在接收到该通知消息后, 基站按照该通知消息向数据传输的子帧中分配 冲突用户, 使本小区的冲突用户和邻近小区的冲突用户分配在不同的时频资 源上。
作为本实施例的另一种实施方式, 基站也可以按照预设的分配方式分配 冲突用户, 所述预设的分配方式使本小区的冲突用户和邻近小区的冲突用户 分配在不同的时频资源上。
当基站下行传输时, 用户可以把自身属于安全用或冲突用户的信息反馈 给基站; 或者基站可以要求用户进行信道和干扰信息反馈, 从而计算用户是 属于安全用户或冲突用。 当基站安排安全用户上行传输数据时, 基站自行计 算用户是属于安全用户或冲突用。 当基站对安全用户进行下行传输数据时, 其对临近小区产生的干扰是在可以容忍的范围内。 可以把冲突用户理解为处 在小区边缘的用户, 当基站对冲突用户传输数据时, 其对临近小区的干扰被 认为可能影响到临近小区的冲突用户的正常下行。 当基站安排安全用户上行 传输数据时, 其对临近小区产生的干扰是在可以容忍的范围内。 可以把冲突 用户理解为处在小区边缘的用户, 当基站安排冲突用户传输数据时, 其对临 近小区的干扰被认为可能影响到临近小区的冲突用户的正常上行。
具体的, 可以分为按时间维度分配冲突用户和按频率维度分配冲突用户, 下面做详细说明。 基站按时间维度去分配冲突用户,如图 3所示, Picocell 1(小区 1)和 Picocell 2 (小区 2) 为相互邻近的小区。 在 Picocell l中, 基站将冲突用户在一个子帧 中的资源分配方式是从右往左分配, 也就是冲突用户是分配在后发射的信号 中的。 而在 Picocell 2中, 基站将冲突用户在一个子帧中的资源分配方式是从 左往右分配, 即冲突用户是分配在先发射的信号中。
基站按频率维度去分配冲突用户。如图 4所示, 在 Picocell l中, 基站将 冲突用户在一个子帧中的资源分配方式是从低频的子载波到高频的子载波; 而 PiC0Cell 2中, 基站将冲突用户在一个子帧中的资源分配方式是从高频的子 载波到低频的子载波。
可以综合上述两种方式, 即从时间维度也在频率维度上分配冲突用户, 使冲突用户即在时间或频率中的至少一个维度上不同。
本实施例提供的避免小区间干扰的方法, 基站把本小区用户分为安全用 户和冲突用户, 各个基站将本小区的冲突用户分配在该基站的数据传输子帧 中, 使存在干扰的邻近小区之间的冲突用户被分配在不同的时频资源上。 由 于存在干扰的邻近小区之间的冲突用户分别使用不同的时频资源, 所以能够 避免邻近小区之间的冲突用户的互相干扰。
由于本发明实施例提供的避免小区间干扰的方法和装置, 通过使存在干 扰的邻近小区之间的冲突用户被分配在不同的时频资源上, 达到避免邻近小 区间冲突用户的干扰, 不需要基站与用户之间进行大量的信息交互, 所以, 较大减少了信令开销和交互时延。
本发明实施例提供了一种避免小区间干扰的装置, 如图 8所示, 包括: 划分单元 81、 分配单元 82。
其中, 划分单元 81将本小区内用户划分为安全用户和冲突用户, 所述安 全用户为对其进行下行传输时或当其进行上行传输时, 对邻近小区无干扰或 者对邻近小区产生的干扰在预设范围之内的用户, 所述冲突用户为对其进行 下行传输时或当其进行上行传输时, 对邻近小区产生的干扰超出所述预设范 围的用户。 为了实现避免邻近小区间的相互干扰, 首先需要将小区中的会对邻近小 区产生干扰的用户, 即冲突用户找到, 并将小区中的冲突用户同安全用户区 分开来。
分配单元 82向数据传输的子帧中分配所述冲突用户, 使本小区的冲突用 户和邻近小区的冲突用户分配在不同的时频资源上。
本实施例提供的避免小区间干扰的装置, 基站把本小区用户分为安全用 户和冲突用户, 各个基站将本小区的冲突用户分配在该基站的数据传输子帧 中, 使存在干扰的邻近小区之间的冲突用户被分配在不同的时频资源上。 由 于存在干扰的邻近小区之间的冲突用户分别使用不同的时频资源, 所以能够 避免邻近小区之间的冲突用户的互相干扰。
由于本发明实施例提供的避免小区间干扰的方法和装置, 通过使存在干 扰的邻近小区之间的冲突用户被分配在不同的时频资源上, 达到避免邻近小 区间冲突用户的干扰, 不需要基站与用户之间进行大量的信息交互, 所以, 较大减少了信令开销和交互时延。
作为本实施例的一种改进, 本发明实施例提供另一种避免小区间干扰的 装置, 如图 9所示, 包括: 第三计算单元 91、 第一计算单元 92、 第二计算单 元 93、 划分单元 94、 分配单元 95、 接收单元 96。
其中, 第三计算单元 91包括: 设置模块 911、 测量模块 912、 第一计算 模块 913。
第一计算单元 92包括: 选取模块 921、 计算模块 922、 获取模块 923。 划分单元 94将本小区内用户划分为安全用户和冲突用户, 所述安全用户 为对其进行下行传输时或当其进行上行传输时, 对邻近小区无干扰或者其对 邻近小区产生的干扰在预设范围之内的用户, 所述冲突用户为对其进行下行 传输时或当其进行上行传输时, 对邻近小区产生的干扰超出所述预设范围的 用户。
分配单元 95向数据传输的子帧中分配所述冲突用户, 使本小区的冲突用 户和邻近小区的冲突用户分配在不同的时频资源上。 接收单元 96接收邻近小区发送的冲突用户分配方式的通知消息, 该通知 消息中包含使本小区的冲突用户和邻近小区的冲突用户分配在不同的时频资 源上的分配方式。
作为本实施例的一种实施方式, 分配单元 95可以在接收单元 96接收邻 近小区发送的冲突用户分配方式的通知消息后向数据传输的子帧中分配所述 冲突用户。
作为本实施例的另一种实施方式, 分配单元 95也可以按照预设的分配方 式分配所述冲突用户, 所该预设的分配方式使本小区的冲突用户和邻近小区 的冲突用户分配在不同的时频资源上。
第三计算单元 91计算每个天线收到的邻近小区的干扰, 计算天线对邻近 小区基站或用户的等效平均干扰值。
具体的, 若计算本小区用户在下行数据传输时对邻近小区用户的等效总 干扰, 设置模块 911将上行数据传输的 M个时频资源块设为静音; 若计算本 小区用户在上行数据传输时对邻近小区用户的等效总干扰, 设置模块 911 将 下行数据传输的 M个时频资源块设为静音, M为非零自然数; 测量模块 912 用于每个天线分别测量所述 M个时频资源块中每个时频资源块受到的干扰信 号; 第一计算模块 913计算每个天线测得的干扰信号的平均值。
第一计算单元 92在保证本小区用户或基站对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰 小于预设干扰值时, 计算使本小区基站或用户的信干噪比最大的波束方向角 度, 或者在保证本小区基站或用户的信干噪比大于预设信干噪比时, 计算使 本小区用户或基站对邻近小区基站用户的干扰最小的波束方向角度, 信号发 射端在发送信号时按照所述方向角度发射。
具体的, 选取模块 921任意选取 2个方向角度, 记为 、 .Ji、 /为 非零自然数;计算模块 922计算本小区 β个方向角度对应的基站或每个用户的 信干噪比,用于计算本小区 β个方向角度对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰;获取 模块 923 获取在保证本小区发射天线对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰小于预设 干扰值时使本小区基站或用户所述信干噪比最大的^,用于获取在保证本小区 基站或用户的信干噪比大于预设信干噪比时使本小区用户或基站对邻近小区 基站或用户的干扰最小的 。
第二计算单元 93在保证本小区用户或基站对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰 小于预设干扰值时, 计算使本小区基站或用户的信干噪比最大的波束发射功 率, 或者在保证本小区基站或用户的信干噪比大于预设信干噪比时, 计算使 本小区用户或基站对邻近小区基站用户的干扰最小的波束发射功率, 信号发 射端在发送信号时按照所述发射功率发射。
或根据
Figure imgf000015_0001
公式 计算使本小区用户的信干噪比最 大的 ( , 其中, r是基站对临近小区等效总功率的上限; , 是基站的 下行峰值发射功率、 是用户的上行峰值发射功率, 可以是 UE的平均 发射功率也可以是 UE的峰^发射功率、 可以是基站的平均发射功率也可 以是基站的峰值发射功率、 为第 k个天线测得的干扰信号的平均值、 M为 天线的数量、 为非零自然数。
作为本实施例的另一种实施方式, 第二计算单元 93 可以根据公式
SINRnresP
算在波束方向 上使本小区基站对邻近小区的干扰最小的
SINRThresP
发射功率, 还可以根据公式 ― - 计算在波束方向 上使本小区 用户对邻近小区的干扰最小的发射功率, 其中, 代表对方向 使用波束 成形后的信道、 代表干扰和噪声的总功率、 ^v ^是选定用户必须要满 足的信噪比。
本实施例提供的避免小区间干扰的装置, 基站把本小区用户分为安全用 户和冲突用户, 各个基站将本小区的冲突用户分配在该基站的数据传输子帧 中, 使存在干扰的邻近小区之间的冲突用户被分配在不同的时频资源上。 由 于存在干扰的邻近小区之间的冲突用户分别使用不同的时频资源, 所以能够 避免邻近小区之间的冲突用户的互相干扰。
由于本发明实施例提供的避免小区间干扰的方法和装置, 通过使存在干 扰的邻近小区之间的冲突用户被分配在不同的时频资源上, 达到避免邻近小 区间冲突用户的干扰, 不需要基站与用户之间进行大量的信息交互, 所以, 较大减少了信令开销和交互时延。
本发明实施例可以应用于带有方向性干扰的场景中, 也可以应用于不带 有方向性干扰的场景中, 使基站间只需要少量的交互就能够实现小区间干扰 波束的相互避免。 与现有的技术相比, 本方案的最大优点就是对基站间通信 的要求较低, 基站的运作相对独立, 适合大规模网络的部署。
本发明的其他实施例包括密集部署的 femtocell网络的上行和下行数据传 输。 所谓密集部署是指 femtocell之间存在相互干扰。 在该场景中, femtocell 之间的干扰很可能是带有方向性的。 例如, 可以参考在住宅区部署 femtocell 的情况。 每家都部署一个 femtocell基站; femtocell之间的下行干扰来自于窗 户, 带有明显的方向性。
本发明实施例适用于在超微型小区, 即由微蜂窝基站组成的密集网络中 进行数据发送的场景。 所谓密集网络是指超微型小区之间由于距离较近而存 在数据传输的相互干扰。 例如, 密集网络可能出现但不局限于在城市街区内 连续部署超微型小区。
通过以上的实施方式的描述, 所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本 发明可借助软件加必需的通用硬件的方式来实现, 当然也可以通过硬件, 但 很多情况下前者是更佳的实施方式。 基于这样的理解, 本发明的技术方案本 质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来, 该 计算机软件产品存储在可读取的存储介质中, 如计算机的软盘, 硬盘或光盘 等, 包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备 (可以是个人计算机, 服务器, 或者网络设备等) 执行本发明各个实施例所述的方法。
以上所述, 仅为本发明的具体实施方式, 但本发明的保护范围并不局限 于此, 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内, 可轻易 想到变化或替换, 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 因此, 本发明的保护 范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims

权利 要 求 书
1、 一种避免小区间干扰的方法, 其特征在于, 包括:
将本小区内用户划分为安全用户和冲突用户, 所述安全用户为对其进行下 行传输时或当其进行上行传输时, 对邻近小区无干扰或者其对邻近小区产生的 干扰在预设范围之内的用户, 所述冲突用户为对其进行下行传输时或当其进行 上行传输时, 对邻近小区产生的干扰超出所述预设范围的用户;
在数据传输的子帧中分配所述冲突用户, 使本小区的冲突用户和邻近小区 的冲突用户分配在不同的时频资源上。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的避免小区间干扰的方法, 其特征在于, 在数据传 输的子帧中分配所述冲突用户之前, 所述方法还包括:
接收邻近小区发送的冲突用户分配方式的通知消息, 所述通知消息中包含 使本小区的冲突用户和邻近小区的冲突用户分配在不同的时频资源上的分配方 式。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的避免小区间干扰的方法, 其特征在于, 所述在数 据传输的子帧中分配所述冲突用户为: 按照预设的分配方式分配所述冲突用户, 所述预设的分配方式使本小区的冲突用户和邻近小区的冲突用户分配在不同的 时频资源上。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的避免小区间干扰的方法, 其特征在于, 在所述将 本小区内用户划分为安全用户和冲突用户之前, 所述方法还包括:
在保证本小区用户或基站对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰小于预设干扰值 时, 计算使本小区基站或用户的信干噪比最大的波束方向角度, 或者在保证本 小区基站或用户的信干噪比大于预设信干噪比时, 计算使本小区用户或基站对 邻近小区基站用户的干扰最小的波束方向角度, 信号发射端在发送信号时按照 所述方向角度发射。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的避免小区间干扰的方法, 其特征在于, 在所述将 本小区内用户划分为安全用户和冲突用户之前, 所述方法还包括:
在保证本小区用户或基站对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰小于预设干扰值 时, 计算使本小区基站或用户的信干噪比最大的波束发射功率, 或者在保证本 小区基站或用户的信干噪比大于预设信干噪比时, 计算使本小区用户或基站对 邻近小区基站用户的干扰最小的波束发射功率, 信号发射端在发送信号时按照 所述发射功率发射。
6、 根据权利要求 3所述的避免小区间干扰的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方法 还包括:
计算每个天线收到的邻近小区的干扰, 计算天线对邻近小区基站或用户的 等效平均干扰值。
7、 根据权利要求 4所述的避免小区间干扰的方法, 其特征在于, 所述计算 使本小区基站或用户的信干噪比最大的波束方向角度包括:
任意选取 2个方向角度, 记为 、 .J I、 2为非零自然数; 计算本小区 β个方向角度对应的基站或用户的信干噪比,以及计算本小区 β 个方向角度对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰值;
获取在保证本小区天线对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰小于预设干扰值时, 使本小区基站或用户所述信干噪比最大的 Α;
所述计算使本小区用户或基站对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰最小的波束方 向角度包括:
任意选取 2个方向角度, 记为 、 .J ..Λ, I、 2为非零自然数; 计算本小区 β个方向角度对应的基站或用户的信干噪比以及对邻近小区基 站或用户的干扰值;
获取在保证本小区基站或用户的信干噪比大于预设信干噪比时, 使本小区 用户或基站对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰最小的 A。
8、 根据权利要求 5所述的避免小区间干扰的方法, 其特征在于, 所述计算
Figure imgf000019_0001
最大的本小区基站发射功率 ^s^), 或根据公式
Figure imgf000020_0001
计算在波束方向 A上使本小区基站的信干噪比最大的本小区用户发射功率 ρ φ 其中, r是基站对临近小区等效干扰总功率的上限; 是基站的下 行峰值发射功率、 是用户的上行峰值发射功率, 和^; 5分别是用户和基 站的平均发射功率或者分别是用户和基站的峰值发射功率, 为第 k个天线测 得的干扰信号的平均值、 M为天线的数量、 为非零自然数;
所述计算使本小区用户或基站对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰最小的波束发 射功率为: 根据公式 UE 1 " 计算在波束方向 上使本小区用户对邻
SINFL 、Th,res丄R I+N
Figure imgf000020_0002
近小区的干扰最小的发射功率, 或者根据公式 计算在波束方 向 上使本小区基站对邻近小区的干扰最小的发射功率, 其中, 代表对方 向 使用波束成形后的信道、 代表接收端干扰和噪声的总功率、 smR^ 接 收端须要满足的信干噪比。
9、 根据权利要求 6所述的避免小区间干扰的方法, 其特征在于, 所述计算 天线对邻近小区用户的等效平均干扰值包括:
若计算本小区基站在下行数据传输时对邻近小区用户的等效平均干扰值, 将上行数据传输的 M个时频资源块设为静音;
若计算本小区用户在上行数据传输时对邻近小区基站的等效平均干扰值, 将下行数据传输的 M个时频资源块设为静音, M为非零自然数;
每个天线分别测量所述 M个时频资源块中每个时频资源块受到的干扰信
计算每个天线测得的干扰信号的平均值。
10、 根据权利要求 1至 9任一项所述的避免小区间干扰的方法, 其特征在 于, 所述安全用户为对邻近小区的干扰小于所述预设干扰值, 接收端信干噪比 大于所述预设信干噪比, 且发射功率小于等于峰值发射功率的用户; 安全用户 以外的用户为冲突用户。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的避免小区间干扰的方法, 其特征在于, 所述方 法还包括:
在下行数据传输过程中, 提高对冲突用户的发射功率; 或者, 在上行数据 传输过程中, 提高冲突用户上行的发射功率。
12、 一种避免小区间干扰的装置, 其特征在于, 包括:
划分单元, 用于将本小区内用户划分为安全用户和冲突用户, 所述安全用 户为对其进行下行传输时或当其进行上行传输时, 对邻近小区无干扰或者其对 邻近小区产生的干扰在预设范围之内的用户, 所述冲突用户为对其进行下行传 输时或当其进行上行传输时, 对邻近小区产生的干扰超出所述预设范围的用户; 分配单元, 用于在数据传输的子帧中分配所述冲突用户, 使本小区的冲突 用户和邻近小区的冲突用户分配在不同的时频资源上。
13、 根据权利要求 12所述的避免小区间干扰的装置, 其特征在于, 所述避 免小区间干扰的装置还包括:
接收单元, 用于接收邻近小区发送的冲突用户分配方式的通知消息, 所述 通知消息中包含使本小区的冲突用户和邻近小区的冲突用户分配在不同的时频 资源上的分配方式。
14、 根据权利要求 12所述的避免小区间干扰的装置, 其特征在于, 所述分 配单元向数据传输的子帧中分配所述冲突用户为: 所述分配单元按照预设的分 配方式分配所述冲突用户, 所述预设的分配方式使本小区的冲突用户和邻近小 区的冲突用户分配在不同的时频资源上。
15、 根据权利要求 12所述的避免小区间干扰的装置, 其特征在于, 所述避 免小区间干扰的装置还包括:
第一计算单元, 用于在保证本小区用户或基站对邻近小区基站或用户的干 扰小于预设干扰值时, 计算使本小区基站或用户的信干噪比最大的波束方向角 度, 或者在保证本小区基站或用户的信干噪比大于预设信干噪比时, 计算使本 小区用户或基站对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰最小的波束方向角度, 信号发射 端在发送信号时按照所述方向角度发射。
16、 根据权利要求 12所述的避免小区间干扰的装置, 其特征在于, 所述避 免小区间干扰的装置还包括:
第二计算单元, 用于在保证本小区用户或基站对邻近小区基站或用户的干 扰小于预设干扰值时, 计算使本小区基站或用户的信干噪比最大的波束发射功 率, 或者在保证本小区基站或用户的信干噪比大于预设信干噪比时, 计算使本 小区用户或基站对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰最小的波束发射功率, 信号发射 端在发送信号时按照所述发射功率发射。
17、 根据权利要求 14所述的避免小区间干扰的装置, 其特征在于, 所述避 免小区间干扰的装置还包括:
第三计算单元, 用于计算每个天线收到的邻近小区的干扰, 计算天线对邻 近小区基站或用户的等效平均干扰值。
18、 根据权利要求 15所述的避免小区间干扰的装置, 其特征在于, 所述第 —计算单元包括:
选取模块, 用于任意选取 2个方向角度, 记为 .J .Λ, I、 2为非零 自然数;
计算模块,用于计算本小区 e个方向角度对应的基站或用户的信干噪比, 以 及计算本小区 β个方向角度对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰值;
获取模块, 用于获取在保证本小区天线对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰小于 预设干扰值时, 使本小区基站或用户所述信干噪比最大的 , 获取在保证本小 区基站或用户的信干噪比大于预设信干噪比时, 使本小区用户或基站对邻近小 区基站或用户的干扰最小的 。
19、 根据权利要求 18所述的避免小区间干扰的装置, 其特征在于, 所述第 二计算单元计算使本小区基站或用 发射功率为: 所述
第二计算单元根据公式 "fc ct7古亡 Γΐη
Figure imgf000022_0001
Α (由 本 小 区 用 户 的 信 干 噪 比 最 大 的 PBS , 或 根 据 公 式
Figure imgf000023_0001
计算在波束方向 上使本小区基站的信干噪比 最大的 ( ), 其中, Γ是基站对临近小区等效总功率的上限; , 是基站的 下行峰值发射功率、 是用户的上行峰值发射功率, Ρ 和 分别是用户和 基站平均发射功率也分别是用户和基站的峰值发射功率, 第 k个天线测得的 干扰信号的平均值、 M为天线的数量、 为非零自然数;
所述第二计算单元计算使本小区用户或基站对邻近小区基站或用户的干扰 最小的波束发射功率为: 根据公式 UE 1 " 计算在波束方向 上使本
SINR 、Tnhres丄R ί+Ν
Figure imgf000023_0002
小区用户对邻近小区的干扰最小的发射功率, 或者根据公式
计算在波束方向 Α上使本小区基站对邻近小区的干扰最小的发射功率, 其中, ( 代表对方向 使用波束成形后的信道、 代表接收端干扰和噪声的总功 率、 謹 是接收端必须要满足的信干噪比。
20、 根据权利要求 17所述的避免小区间干扰的装置, 其特征在于, 所述第 三计算单元包括:
设置模块, 用于若计算本小区基站在下行数据传输时对邻近小区用户的等 效平均干扰值, 将上行数据传输的 M个时频资源块设为静音; 若计算本小区用 户在上行数据传输时对邻近小区基站的等效平均干扰值, 将下行数据传输的 M 个时频资源块设为静音, M为非零自然数;
测量模块, 用于每个天线分别测量所述 M个时频资源块中每个时频资源块 受到的干扰信号;
第一计算模块, 用于计算每个天线测得的干扰信号的平均值。
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