WO2012127074A1 - Buried cistern for plant cultivation - Google Patents
Buried cistern for plant cultivation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012127074A1 WO2012127074A1 PCT/ES2011/070199 ES2011070199W WO2012127074A1 WO 2012127074 A1 WO2012127074 A1 WO 2012127074A1 ES 2011070199 W ES2011070199 W ES 2011070199W WO 2012127074 A1 WO2012127074 A1 WO 2012127074A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cistern
- plant cultivation
- felt
- substrate
- excavation
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03B—INSTALLATIONS OR METHODS FOR OBTAINING, COLLECTING, OR DISTRIBUTING WATER
- E03B3/00—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water
- E03B3/02—Methods or installations for obtaining or collecting drinking water or tap water from rain-water
- E03B3/03—Special vessels for collecting or storing rain-water for use in the household, e.g. water-butts
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
Abstract
Buried cistern for plant cultivation, comprising an excavated hole in the ground to a depth suitable for storing water and to allow provision for a covering of plant substrate, a geotextile or synthetic felt (8) that is arranged so as to cover the excavated hole, an impermeable membrane (9) placed over the synthetic felt (8) configuring a swimming-pool-like container, a series of boxes (5) arranged in an inverted manner, wrapped in geotextiles or felts (10), a layer of felt (11) over the entire structure and, lastly, a plant-growth substrate. This configuration provides a cistern that utilizes rainwater, requires no type of irrigation installation and allows the use of species with different hydric requirements.
Description
ALJIBE ENTERRADO PARA CULTIVO DE PLANTAS BULK FLOODED FOR PLANTAIN CULTURE
DESCRIPCION OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN DESCRIPTION OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
Es objeto de la presente invención un aljibe enterrado para cultivo de plantas, bien sea en grandes extensiones como jardines, o en grandes explotaciones agrarias con escasez de agua. The object of the present invention is a buried cistern for plant cultivation, either in large areas such as gardens, or in large farms with water shortages.
Caracteriza a la presente invención la especial combinación del diseño del aljibe, las características que presentan los materiales utilizados y su disposición de manera que se consigue un aljibe enterrado, que aprovecha el agua de lluvia, no hace falta disponer de instalación de riego adicional y permite utilizar especies vegetales con diferentes necesidades hídricas. The present invention characterizes the special combination of the cistern design, the characteristics of the materials used and their arrangement so that a buried cistern is achieved, which takes advantage of rainwater, it is not necessary to have additional irrigation installation and allows use plant species with different water needs.
Por lo tanto, la presente invención se circunscribe dentro del ámbito de los aljibes y de manera particular de entre los diseñados para el cultivo de plantas. ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN. Therefore, the present invention is circumscribed within the field of reservoirs and particularly among those designed for plant cultivation. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Un aljibe, es un depósito destinado a guardar agua, procedente de la lluvia recogida de los tejados de las casas o de las acogidas, habitualmente, que se conduce mediante canalizaciones. Normalmente es subterráneo, total o parcialmente. A cistern, is a reservoir for storing water, from the rain collected from the roofs of houses or shelters, usually, which is conducted through pipes. It is usually underground, totally or partially.
Se conocen aljibes para cultivo de plantas como el aljibe transitable y ajardinable descrito en la invención ES 2 152 807 A1 , que se realiza en las partes horizontales de un edificio o construcción por su exposición al agua de lluvia, y que cuenta con una capa separadora que se dispone sobre el forjado, de una membrana impermeabilizante, unos soportes regulables en altura, de unas losas, de un sustrato o capa vegetal, y de unas bandas de fieltro, de unos adaptadores de desagüe y de otros adaptadores de desagüe controlado.
Si bien cumple con la doble finalidad de aljibe y cultivo de plantas, está especialmente diseñado para cubiertas de edificios, no haciendo muy factible su transposición al terreno, por la complejidad y costes de poder reproducir algo similar en el terreno. Cisterns for plant cultivation are known as the passable and landscaped cistern described in the invention ES 2 152 807 A1, which is carried out in the horizontal parts of a building or construction due to its exposure to rainwater, and which has a separating layer which is disposed on the floor, of a waterproofing membrane, height-adjustable supports, of slabs, of a substrate or vegetal layer, and of felt bands, of some drain adapters and other controlled drain adapters. Although it serves the dual purpose of cistern and plant cultivation, it is specially designed for building roofs, not making its transposition to the ground very feasible, due to the complexity and costs of being able to reproduce something similar in the field.
Por lo tanto, es objeto de la presente invención desarrollar un aljibe enterrado para cultivo de plantas, que sea fácil de construir y deconstruir, que presente unos reducidos costes y que logre la doble finalidad de servir como medio de recogida y almacenamiento de agua, además de permitir el cultivo de plantas, desarrollando un aljibe como a continuación se describe, y que recoge en su esencialidad la reivindicación primera. Therefore, it is the object of the present invention to develop a buried cistern for plant cultivation, that is easy to build and deconstruct, that has reduced costs and that achieves the dual purpose of serving as a means of collecting and storing water, in addition to allow the cultivation of plants, developing a cistern as described below, and which essentially includes the first claim.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN El objeto de la invención es un aljibe enterrado y que además sirve para el cultivo de plantas. Para poder realizar el aljibe sobre el terreno se realiza una cavidad o excavación de dimensiones y profundidad suficientes como para poder alojar unas cajas o medios similares, de un material plástico o equivalente y un sustrato de tierra sobre el que cultivar las plantas, previamente a la disposición de las cajas se cubre la cavidad con un geotextil o fieltro sintético y posteriormente se impermeabiliza con una membrana resistente a los efectos nocivos del agua estancada. DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is a buried cistern and which also serves for the cultivation of plants. In order to carry out the cistern on the ground, a cavity or excavation of sufficient dimensions and depth is made to accommodate boxes or similar means, of a plastic or equivalent material and a soil substrate on which to grow the plants, prior to the The arrangement of the boxes covers the cavity with a geotextile or synthetic felt and is subsequently waterproofed with a membrane resistant to the harmful effects of standing water.
Los elementos que forman parte del aljibe enterrado para cultivo de plantas son: The elements that are part of the buried cistern for plant cultivation are:
- En primer lugar una excavación en el terreno con una profundidad suficiente para almacenar agua y poder disponer una cubierta de sustrato vegetal. - In the first place, an excavation in the ground with sufficient depth to store water and to have a cover of vegetal substrate.
- Un geotextil o fieltro sintético que se dispone cubriendo la excavación y que realiza la función de medio antipunzonante para proteger - A geotextile or synthetic felt that is arranged covering the excavation and that performs the function of anti-puncture means to protect
- Una membrana impermeabilizante que se dispone sobre el fieltro sintético configurando un contenedor a modo de piscina. Esta membrana
impermeabilizante será resistente a los efectos nocivos del agua estancada. - A waterproofing membrane that is arranged on the synthetic felt by configuring a container as a pool. This membrane Waterproofing will be resistant to the harmful effects of standing water.
- Una serie de cajas envueltas en geotextiles o fieltros que cumplen la función de absorción del agua y que por capilaridad suministran el agua a la plantas cultivadas por encima. - A series of boxes wrapped in geotextiles or felts that fulfill the function of water absorption and that by capillarity supply the water to the plants grown above.
- una capa de fieltro por encima de toda la estructura para evitar que el sustrato que se dispone a continuación se cuele entre las juntas de las cajas. - a layer of felt above the entire structure to prevent the substrate provided below from sneaking between the joints of the boxes.
- Y finalmente, el sustrato de crecimiento de las plantas. - And finally, the plant growth substrate.
Las cajas alojadas en la excavación cumplen varias finalidades, por un lado como rellenan la excavación, hacen de armado de la misma, por otro lado al ser cajas huecas definen un espacio interior en el que almacenar el agua, y finalmente sirve como medio de soporte del sustrato de las plantas que van por encima. The boxes housed in the excavation fulfill several purposes, on the one hand as they fill in the excavation, they assemble it, on the other hand, being hollow boxes define an interior space in which to store the water, and finally serves as a support medium of the substrate of the plants that go above.
Las cajas empleadas son cajas de plástico o cualquier material similar. Los fieltros o geotextiles serán de hilos sintéticos no tejidos. La membrana impermeabilizante será tal que será resistente a los efectos nocivos del agua estancada y al ataque de microorganismos. El sustrato estará realizado de tal manera que aporte los nutrientes necesarios y presentará la granulometría precisa para garantizar el correcto drenaje y evite su encharcamiento. The boxes used are plastic boxes or any similar material. The felts or geotextiles will be of synthetic nonwoven threads. The waterproofing membrane will be such that it will be resistant to the harmful effects of standing water and the attack of microorganisms. The substrate will be made in such a way that it provides the necessary nutrients and will present the precise granulometry to guarantee the correct drainage and avoid its flooding.
Gracias a la configuración expuesta se derivan varias ventajas: Thanks to the exposed configuration, several advantages are derived:
a) Se logra el aprovechamiento del agua de lluvia, tanto la que cae directamente sobre toda la superficie del aljibe, como la que cae en las zonas colindantes y puedan conducirse hasta el mismo. a) The use of rainwater is achieved, both the one that falls directly on the entire surface of the cistern, and the one that falls in the adjoining areas and can be driven to it.
b) No es necesario disponer de ningún tipo de riego externo b) It is not necessary to have any external irrigation
c) El depósito de agua está comunicado con el sustrato de las plantas a través de dos capas de fieltro que se prolongan desde el interior hasta quedar en contacto directo con el sustrato, de modo que por capilaridad el agua es trasvasada desde el depósito hacia las plantas, según las necesidades hídricas de estas.
d) Finalmente, permite emplear diferentes especies vegetales con diferentes necesidades hídricas, ya que cada una de las especies capta el agua según sus necesidades. c) The water tank is communicated with the substrate of the plants through two layers of felt that extend from the inside until it is in direct contact with the substrate, so that by capillarity the water is transferred from the tank to the plants, according to the water needs of these. d) Finally, it allows the use of different plant species with different water needs, since each of the species captures water according to its needs.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURAS DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Para completar la descripción que está realizando y con objeto de ayudar a una mejor compresión de las características de la invención, se acompaña a la presente memoria descriptiva, como parte integrante de la misma, de un juego de planos en los que con carácter ilustrativo y limitativo se ha representado lo siguiente. To complete the description you are making and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, this descriptive report is attached, as an integral part thereof, of a set of drawings in which for illustrative purposes and limiting the following has been represented.
La Figura 1 se puede observar una sección de la excavación que se realiza para la construcción del aljibe enterrado para cultivo de plantas. Figure 1 shows a section of the excavation that is carried out for the construction of the buried cistern for plant cultivation.
La figura 2 muestra cómo se disponen las cajas y la posición que ocupan con relación a la excavación y los espacios que definen. La figura 3, muestra en detalle las diferentes capas dispuestas sobre la excavación y sobre las cajas con objeto de conseguir los fines perseguidos. Figure 2 shows how the boxes are arranged and the position they occupy in relation to the excavation and the spaces they define. Figure 3 shows in detail the different layers arranged on the excavation and on the boxes in order to achieve the intended purposes.
REALIZACIÓN PREFERENTE DE LA INVENCIÓN. A la vista de las mencionadas figuras, y de acuerdo con la numeración adoptada, se puede observar en ellas varios ejemplos de realización preferente de la invención, la cual comprende las partes y elementos que se indican y describen en detalle a continuación. En la figura 1 , se puede observar parcialmente la sección del aljibe objeto de la invención, donde sobre el terreno se ha realizado una excavación que define un espacio interior (3) de profundidad suficiente como para poder disponer en
su interior una serie de capas de protección e impermeabilización y el sustrato para el crecimiento de las plantas. PREFERRED EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION. In view of the aforementioned figures, and in accordance with the numbering adopted, several examples of preferred embodiment of the invention can be observed therein, which comprises the parts and elements indicated and described in detail below. In Figure 1, the section of the cistern object of the invention can be partially observed, where on the ground an excavation has been carried out that defines an interior space (3) of sufficient depth to be able to be arranged in inside a series of layers of protection and waterproofing and the substrate for plant growth.
En una realización complementaria y de manera adicional dicha excavación puede contar con un cajeado perimetral (1 ) separado del espacio interior (3) por un resalte anular (2) que tiene una altura igual a la altura de las cajas (5) (figura 2). In a complementary and additional embodiment, said excavation may have a perimeter recess (1) separated from the interior space (3) by an annular shoulder (2) having a height equal to the height of the boxes (5) (Figure 2 ).
El agua que cae sobre el propio aljibe se acumula en el volumen definido por las cajas que al disponerse de manera invertida su fondo sirve de soporte al sustrato que se dispone por encima de la caja. También, el aljibe puede recoger el agua procedente de la calzada (4) colindante. The water that falls on the cistern itself accumulates in the volume defined by the boxes that, when arranged in an inverted way, its bottom serves as a support for the substrate that is placed above the box. Also, the cistern can collect water from the adjacent roadway (4).
En la figura 2, se observa cómo sobre el espacio interior (3) definido en la excavación, se han dispuesto una serie de cajas (5) de manera invertida, de modo que bajo ellas se configura un aljibe de almacenamiento de agua (6). Por encima de las cajas queda un volumen dentro de la excavación que sirve para el relleno de tierra o sustrato (7) de las plantas. En la figura 3 se pueden apreciar las diferentes capas y su disposición. Una vez realizada la excavación cuenta con manta o lámina geotextil de fieltro sintético (8), que hace la función de capa antipunzonante para proteger a la membrana impermeabilizante (9) que se dispone cubriendo la lámina de fieltro sintético, configurando un vaso que contendrá el agua. En el interior de dicho vaso ya impermeabilizado en su totalidad (fondo y paredes) se disponen unas cajas (5) envueltas en geotextiles o fieltros (10), encargados en la transmisión del agua por capilaridad desde el depósito hasta el sustrato. In figure 2, it is observed how on the interior space (3) defined in the excavation, a series of boxes (5) have been arranged in an inverted manner, so that under them a water storage tank (6) is configured . Above the boxes there is a volume inside the excavation that serves to fill the soil or substrate (7) of the plants. In figure 3 you can see the different layers and their arrangement. Once the excavation is done, it has a blanket or geotextile sheet of synthetic felt (8), which acts as an antipunzonante layer to protect the waterproofing membrane (9) that is arranged covering the synthetic felt sheet, configuring a vessel that will contain the Water. Inside said glass already fully waterproofed (bottom and walls) there are boxes (5) wrapped in geotextiles or felts (10), responsible for the transmission of water by capillarity from the tank to the substrate.
Adicionalmente se dispone otra capa de fieltro (1 1 ) que cubre toda la superficie superior de las cajas, con el objetivo de que no se cuele la tierra del sustrato entre las rendijas definidas por las cajas.
La disposición del fieltro (10) que envuelve a las cajas, no tiene por qué ser que envuelva a una única caja, sino que lo que hace falta es que el fieltro vaya desde la parte inferior del aljibe hacia la parte superior para la transmisión del agua contenida en el depósito. Additionally, another layer of felt (1 1) is provided that covers the entire upper surface of the boxes, so that the soil of the substrate does not slip between the slits defined by the boxes. The arrangement of the felt (10) that surrounds the boxes does not have to be wrapped in a single box, but what is needed is that the felt goes from the bottom of the tank to the top for the transmission of the water contained in the tank.
Descrita suficientemente la naturaleza de la presente invención, así como la manera de ponerla en práctica, no se considera necesario hacer más extensa su explicación para que cualquier experto en la materia comprenda su alcance y las ventajas que de ella se derivan, haciendo constar que, dentro de su esencialidad, podrá ser llevada a la práctica en formas de realización que difieran en detalle de la indicada a título de ejemplo, y a las cuales alcanzará igualmente la protección que se recaba siempre que no se altere, cambie o modifique su principio fundamental.
Describing sufficiently the nature of the present invention, as well as the way of putting it into practice, it is not considered necessary to extend its explanation so that any expert in the field understands its scope and the advantages that derive from it, stating that, within its essentiality, it may be implemented in embodiments that differ in detail from that indicated by way of example, and to which it will also achieve the protection that is sought as long as it does not alter, change or modify its fundamental principle.
Claims
1. - Aljibe enterrado para cultivo de plantas caracterizado porque cuenta con los siguientes elementos: 1. - Underground cistern for plant cultivation characterized in that it has the following elements:
- una excavación en el terreno con una profundidad para almacenar agua y poder disponer una cubierta de sustrato vegetal. - an excavation in the ground with a depth to store water and to have a cover of vegetal substrate.
- un geotextil o fieltro sintético (8) que se dispone cubriendo la excavación y que realiza la función de capa antipunzonante para proteger - a synthetic geotextile or felt (8) that is arranged covering the excavation and that performs the function of antipunzonante layer to protect
- una membrana impermeabilizante (9) que se dispone sobre el fieltro sintético (8) configurando un contenedor a modo de piscina, - a waterproofing membrane (9) that is arranged on the synthetic felt (8) by configuring a container as a pool,
- una serie de cajas (5) dispuestas de manera invertida envueltas en geotextiles o fieltros (10) - a series of boxes (5) arranged in an inverted way wrapped in geotextiles or felts (10)
- una capa de fieltro (1 1 ) por encima de toda la estructura Y finalmente, - un sustrato de crecimiento de las plantas. - a layer of felt (1 1) above the entire structure And finally, - a plant growth substrate.
2. - Aljibe enterrado para cultivo de plantas, según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque la excavación (3) cuenta con un cajeado perimetral (1 ) separado del espacio interior (3) por un resalte anular (2) que tiene una altura igual a la altura de las cajas (5). 2. - Underground cistern for plant cultivation, according to claim 1, characterized in that the excavation (3) has a perimeter recess (1) separated from the interior space (3) by an annular shoulder (2) having a height equal to the box height (5).
3. - Aljibe enterrado para cultivo de plantas, según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque los fieltros o geotextiles serán de hilos sintéticos no tejidos. 3. - Underground cistern for plant cultivation, according to claim 1, characterized in that the felts or geotextiles will be made of non-woven synthetic threads.
4. - Aljibe enterrado para cultivo de plantas, según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque la membrana impermeabilizante es resistente a los efectos nocivos del agua estancada y al ataque de microorganismos. 4. - Underground cistern for plant cultivation, according to claim 1, characterized in that the waterproofing membrane is resistant to the harmful effects of stagnant water and the attack of microorganisms.
5.- Aljibe enterrado para cultivo de plantas, según la reivindicación 1 caracterizado porque el sustrato presenta una granulometría tal que permite un drenaje que imposibilita su encharcamiento. 5. - Underground cistern for plant cultivation, according to claim 1, characterized in that the substrate has a particle size such that it allows drainage that makes it impossible to pool.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ES2011/070199 WO2012127074A1 (en) | 2011-03-24 | 2011-03-24 | Buried cistern for plant cultivation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ES2011/070199 WO2012127074A1 (en) | 2011-03-24 | 2011-03-24 | Buried cistern for plant cultivation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2012127074A1 true WO2012127074A1 (en) | 2012-09-27 |
Family
ID=44119459
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/ES2011/070199 WO2012127074A1 (en) | 2011-03-24 | 2011-03-24 | Buried cistern for plant cultivation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| WO (1) | WO2012127074A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114651646A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-06-24 | 潍坊新力蒙水产技术有限公司 | Water storage bottom irrigation heating system |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3943721A (en) * | 1973-07-20 | 1976-03-16 | Campagnie Francaise Des Petroles, Societe Anonyme | Reservoir for storing hydrocarbon liquids and process for fabricating the same |
| FR2590604A1 (en) * | 1985-10-16 | 1987-05-29 | Mercier Dominique | Modular prefabricated lining elements for trenches for the broad irrigation of waste water |
| DE9402879U1 (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1994-04-14 | Mueller Thomas | Irrigation device for planted areas, in particular for burial sites |
| ES2152807A1 (en) | 1998-04-14 | 2001-02-01 | Intemper Espanola S A | Flat roof water tank for walking and gardening for all types of buildings and structures. |
| FR2801914A1 (en) * | 1999-12-06 | 2001-06-08 | Gilles Giora | Water retaining structure e.g. for collecting rainwater for subsequent release has layer of porous ducts able to support earth layer |
-
2011
- 2011-03-24 WO PCT/ES2011/070199 patent/WO2012127074A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3943721A (en) * | 1973-07-20 | 1976-03-16 | Campagnie Francaise Des Petroles, Societe Anonyme | Reservoir for storing hydrocarbon liquids and process for fabricating the same |
| FR2590604A1 (en) * | 1985-10-16 | 1987-05-29 | Mercier Dominique | Modular prefabricated lining elements for trenches for the broad irrigation of waste water |
| DE9402879U1 (en) * | 1994-02-22 | 1994-04-14 | Mueller Thomas | Irrigation device for planted areas, in particular for burial sites |
| ES2152807A1 (en) | 1998-04-14 | 2001-02-01 | Intemper Espanola S A | Flat roof water tank for walking and gardening for all types of buildings and structures. |
| FR2801914A1 (en) * | 1999-12-06 | 2001-06-08 | Gilles Giora | Water retaining structure e.g. for collecting rainwater for subsequent release has layer of porous ducts able to support earth layer |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114651646A (en) * | 2022-04-12 | 2022-06-24 | 潍坊新力蒙水产技术有限公司 | Water storage bottom irrigation heating system |
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