WO2012126333A1 - 物联网通信方法、网关、终端及系统 - Google Patents
物联网通信方法、网关、终端及系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2012126333A1 WO2012126333A1 PCT/CN2012/072451 CN2012072451W WO2012126333A1 WO 2012126333 A1 WO2012126333 A1 WO 2012126333A1 CN 2012072451 W CN2012072451 W CN 2012072451W WO 2012126333 A1 WO2012126333 A1 WO 2012126333A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L45/00—Routing or path finding of packets in data switching networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
- H04W88/16—Gateway arrangements
Definitions
- the invention relates to a Chinese patent application filed on March 18, 2011 by the Chinese Patent Office, the application number is 201110066779.3, and the invention name is "Internet of Things communication method, gateway, terminal and system". Priority is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
- the present invention relates to the field of wireless, and in particular, to an Internet of Things communication method, a gateway, a terminal, and a system. Background technique
- Figure 1 shows a possible communication network architecture after the implementation of IoT applications.
- many terminals such as the sensor node in Figure 1
- the gateway node is a bridge connecting the sensor node and the mobile communication network.
- short-range communication technologies such as Zigbee
- a route lookup process is initiated when a sensor node in the network needs to start communication.
- the destination sensor node is within the jurisdiction of the gateway node
- the source and destination sensor nodes can communicate directly, as in sensor nodes A and E in Figure 1 below; when the destination sensor node is outside the jurisdiction of the gateway node, Need to pass through the gateway node to proceed.
- the communication between sensor nodes generally adopts the communication mechanism of CSMA/CA, and the workflow is as follows:
- a first object of the present invention is to provide a manageable Internet of Things communication method.
- a second object of the present invention is to propose another controllable Internet of Things communication method.
- a third object of the present invention is to provide yet another manageable Internet of Things communication method.
- a fourth object of the present invention is to provide a manageable IoT communication gateway.
- a fifth object of the present invention is to propose another controllable IoT communication gateway.
- a sixth object of the present invention is to provide a manageable IoT communication terminal.
- a seventh object of the present invention is to provide a manageable Internet of Things communication system.
- the present invention provides an Internet of Things communication method, including: a gateway to which a source terminal belongs receives routing request information including a target terminal address sent by a source terminal; where the target terminal is located at the source terminal The gateway to which the source terminal belongs determines the first communication path between the source terminal and the target terminal according to the topology information between the terminals in the jurisdiction area and the information of the resources used for communication between the terminals in the jurisdiction of the gateway. And the first communication resource, and transmitting the information of the first communication path and the first communication resource to the source terminal.
- the step that the gateway to which the source terminal belongs receives the routing request information including the target terminal address sent by the source terminal includes: the gateway to which the source terminal belongs receives the routing request information transmitted through the control channel;
- the transmitting the information of the first communication path and the first communication resource to the source terminal includes: transmitting the information of the first communication path and the first communication resource to the source terminal by using the control channel.
- the method further includes: sending information about the first communication path and the first communication resource to the And the target terminal sends the information of the first communication path and the first communication resource to the other terminal when the first communication path involves the source terminal and other terminals other than the target terminal.
- the communication resource includes a channel used for communication, a communication start time, and a communication duration.
- the gateway to which the source terminal belongs receives the destination terminal address sent by the source terminal.
- the step of routing the request information further includes: when the target terminal is located outside the jurisdiction of the gateway to which the source terminal belongs, the gateway to which the source terminal belongs is based on topology information and inter-terminal communication between terminals in the area under the jurisdiction Information of the used resource, determining a second communication path and a second communication resource between the source and the source terminal, and transmitting information of the second communication path and the second communication resource to the source terminal, and The routing request information is forwarded to the gateway to which the target terminal belongs.
- the gateway to which the target terminal belongs determines the self and the target terminal according to the topology information between the terminals in the area under the jurisdiction and the information of the resources used in the communication between the terminals. Communication path and communication resources.
- the gateway to which the source terminal belongs sends the information of the first communication path and the first communication resource to the source terminal or the gateway to which the source terminal belongs to the second communication path and the second After the step of transmitting the information of the communication resource to the source terminal, the method further includes: the gateway to which the source terminal belongs to query the remaining transmission data amount of the source terminal; and the target terminal is located in the jurisdiction of the gateway to which the source terminal belongs The gateway to which the source terminal belongs determines the third between the source terminal and the target terminal according to the topology information between the terminals in the area under the jurisdiction, the information of the resources used for communication between the terminals, and the amount of the remaining transmission data.
- the gateway to which the source terminal belongs is determined according to the jurisdiction
- the topology information between the internal terminals, the information of the resources used for communication between the terminals, and the amount of the remaining transmission data, and determining the fourth communication between the terminal and the source terminal Resource, the fourth communication resource information and transmits to the source terminal, and forwarding the remaining amount of data transmitted to the gateway of said destination terminal belongs.
- the gateway to which the target terminal belongs After receiving the forwarded remaining transmission data amount, the gateway to which the target terminal belongs, according to topology information between terminals in the jurisdiction area, information about resources used for communication between terminals, and the amount of remaining transmission data, Determining new communication resources between itself and the target terminal.
- the present invention provides another method for the communication of the Internet of things, comprising: the gateway to which the target terminal belongs receives the routing request information including the target terminal address sent by the gateway to which the source terminal belongs; the gateway to which the target terminal belongs The communication path and the communication resource between the terminal and the target terminal are determined according to the topology information between the terminals in the area under the jurisdiction and the information of the resources used for communication between the terminals.
- the method further includes: the gateway to which the target terminal belongs is sent by the gateway to which the source terminal belongs After the remaining amount of data is transmitted by the source terminal, the new communication between the terminal and the target terminal is determined according to the topology information between the terminals in the jurisdiction, the information of the resources used for communication between the terminals, and the amount of the remaining data. Resources.
- the present invention provides another method for communication of the Internet of things, comprising: the source terminal transmitting routing request information including a target terminal address to the associated gateway; and the source terminal receiving the source returned by the belonging gateway Information of the first communication path and the first communication resource between the terminal and the target terminal, or information of the second communication path and the second communication resource between the belonging gateway and the source terminal returned by the owning gateway
- the source terminal communicates with the target terminal according to the information of the first communication path and the first communication resource or according to the information of the second communication path and the second communication resource.
- the step of the source terminal transmitting the routing request information including the target terminal address to the associated gateway includes: the source terminal sending the routing request by using a control channel according to a preset control channel resource or using a monitoring medium
- the step of the second communication path between the source terminals and the information of the second communication resource includes: the source terminal receiving the information of the first communication path and the first communication resource forwarded by the control channel or receiving the control channel Forwarding information of the second communication path and the second communication resource; the source terminal according to the information of the first communication path and the first communication resource or according to the information of the second communication path and the second communication resource
- the step of communicating with the target terminal includes: the source terminal according to the first communication path and the first communication resource The information communicates with the target terminal through the data channel based on the information of the second communication path and the second communication resource.
- the source terminal further includes: after the source terminal uses the first communication resource, determining whether there is information to be transmitted, and determining that there is information to be transmitted, using the first The communication path sends a communication resource request to the associated gateway; or, after the source terminal uses the second communication resource, determines whether there is information to be transmitted, and when determining that there is information to be transmitted, using the second The communication path sends a communication resource request to the associated gateway.
- the source terminal further includes: the source terminal reporting information indicating the remaining amount of transmitted data to the associated gateway according to a preset period or according to a preset trigger condition.
- the present invention provides an Internet of Things communication gateway, including: a receiving module, configured to receive routing request information including a target terminal address sent by a source terminal; and a processing module, configured to be preset at the target terminal.
- the first communication path and the first communication resource between the source terminal and the target terminal are determined according to the topology information between the terminals in the jurisdiction and the resources used for communication between the terminals; the sending module is configured to be used A communication path and information of the first communication resource are transmitted to the source terminal.
- the sending module includes: a sending submodule, configured to send information of the first communication path and the first communication resource to the source terminal and the target terminal through a control channel, and the communication path relates to the When the source terminal and other terminals outside the target terminal transmit information of the first communication path and the first communication resource to the other terminal through the control channel.
- a sending submodule configured to send information of the first communication path and the first communication resource to the source terminal and the target terminal through a control channel
- the communication path relates to the When the source terminal and other terminals outside the target terminal transmit information of the first communication path and the first communication resource to the other terminal through the control channel.
- the processing module includes: a determining submodule, configured to determine whether the target terminal is located in the jurisdiction; and when the target terminal is located outside the jurisdiction, the sending module is configured by the sending module The routing request information is forwarded to the gateway to which the target terminal belongs, and the processing submodule is configured to: according to the topology information between the terminals in the jurisdiction area, when the determining submodule determines that the target terminal is located in the jurisdiction area And determining, by the information about the resources used for communication between the terminals, the first communication path and the first communication resource; and when the target terminal is located outside the jurisdiction area, according to the topology information and the terminal between the terminals in the jurisdiction area Information of resources used for communication, determining a second communication path and a second communication resource between itself and the source terminal; and transmitting, by the sending module, information of the second communication path and the second communication resource to the Describe the source terminal.
- a determining submodule configured to determine whether the target terminal is located in the jurisdiction
- the sending module is configured by the sending module
- the IoT communication gateway further includes: a query module, configured to query the remaining transmission data amount of the source terminal, and pass the remaining transmission data amount when the target terminal is located outside the jurisdiction area
- the sending module is forwarded to the gateway to which the target terminal belongs
- the resource determining module is configured to use, according to the topology information between the terminals in the jurisdiction and the communication between the terminals, when the target terminal is located in the jurisdiction Determining, by the information of the resource and the amount of the remaining transmission data, a third communication resource between the source terminal and the target terminal; and when the target terminal is located outside the jurisdiction area, according to the terminal between the jurisdictions
- the information of the resources used in the communication between the terminals and the amount of the remaining transmission data, the fourth communication resource between the source and the source terminal is determined; and the information of the third communication resource or the fourth communication resource is determined.
- Information is sent to the source terminal through the sending module.
- the present invention provides another IoT communication gateway, including: receiving a module, configured to receive routing request information including a target terminal address sent by a gateway to which the source terminal belongs, and a processing module, configured to determine, according to topology information between the terminals in the area under the jurisdiction and information of resources used in communication between the terminals, The communication path and communication resources between the target terminals.
- the receiving module includes a receiving submodule, configured to receive the routing request information and the remaining transmission data amount of the source terminal sent by the gateway to which the source terminal belongs.
- the processing module includes: a first determining submodule, configured to: after the receiving submodule receives the routing request information, according to topology information between terminals in the jurisdiction area and resources used for communication between terminals The information determining the communication path and the communication resource between the target terminal and the target terminal; the second determining submodule, configured to: after the receiving submodule receives the remaining data volume of the source terminal, according to the area under the jurisdiction The topology information between the terminals, the information of the resources used for communication between the terminals, and the amount of the remaining transmission data determine new communication resources between itself and the target terminal.
- the present invention provides an Internet of Things communication terminal, including: a requesting module, configured to send routing request information including a target terminal address to an associated gateway; and receive the target terminal returned by the belonging gateway a first communication path and information of the first communication resource or information of the second communication path and the second communication resource with the associated gateway; a communication module, configured to perform, according to the first communication path and the first communication The information of the resource or communicates with the target terminal based on the information of the second communication path and the second communication resource.
- the IoT communication terminal further includes: a determining module, configured to determine whether there is information to be transmitted after using the first communication resource, and use the first communication when determining that there is information to be transmitted
- the path sends a communication resource request to the associated gateway; or after using the second communication resource, determining whether there is information to be transmitted, and when determining that there is information to be transmitted, using the second communication path to the belonging
- the gateway sends a communication resource request.
- the IoT communication terminal further includes: a reporting module, configured to report, by using a control channel, information indicating the amount of remaining transmission data to the associated gateway according to a preset period or according to a preset trigger condition, and receiving the information A new communication resource that the associated gateway feeds back according to the information.
- a reporting module configured to report, by using a control channel, information indicating the amount of remaining transmission data to the associated gateway according to a preset period or according to a preset trigger condition, and receiving the information A new communication resource that the associated gateway feeds back according to the information.
- the communication module includes a communication submodule, configured to pass the data channel and the target terminal according to the information of the first communication path and the first communication resource or according to the information of the second communication path and the second communication resource. Communicate.
- the present invention provides an Internet of Things communication system, including: a source terminal, And a gateway requesting to send the routing request information, where the source terminal belongs to the gateway, and is configured to receive the routing request information, and when the target terminal is located in a preset jurisdiction, according to the terminal between the jurisdictions And determining, by the topology information and the resources used by the communication between the terminals, the first communication path and the first communication resource between the source terminal and the target terminal, and sending the information of the first communication path and the first communication resource to The source terminal.
- the IoT communication system further includes: a gateway to which the target terminal belongs, configured to receive a route forwarded by the gateway to which the source terminal belongs when the target terminal is located outside the jurisdiction of the gateway to which the source terminal belongs.
- a gateway to which the target terminal belongs configured to receive a route forwarded by the gateway to which the source terminal belongs when the target terminal is located outside the jurisdiction of the gateway to which the source terminal belongs. The information is requested, and the communication path and communication resources between the terminal and the target terminal are determined according to the topology information between the terminals in the area under its jurisdiction and the resources used for communication between the terminals.
- the gateway controls the allocation of communication resources, taking into account the advantages of short-distance communication, low power consumption and low cost, and realizes controllable and manageable billing of the network to the terminal.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art Internet of Things communication
- Embodiment 1 of an Internet of Things communication method according to the present invention
- Embodiment 2 of the Internet of Things communication method of the present invention
- FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of an Internet of Things communication gateway according to the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of an Internet of Things communication terminal according to the present invention.
- Fig. 7 is a structural diagram showing an embodiment of an Internet of Things communication system of the present invention. detailed description
- Step 202 The gateway receives the routing request information that is sent by the source terminal, including the target terminal address.
- Step 204 When the target terminal is located in the jurisdiction of the gateway, the gateway uses the topology information between the terminals in the area under the jurisdiction and the resources used for communication between the terminals. And determining a first communication path and a first communication resource between the source terminal and the target terminal;
- Step 206 Send information of the first communication path and the first communication resource to the source terminal.
- the gateway determines the second communication path between the terminal and the source terminal according to the topology information between the terminals in the jurisdiction and the information of the resources used in the communication between the terminals. Transmitting a resource, and transmitting information of the second communication path and the second communication resource to the source terminal, and forwarding the routing request information to a gateway to which the target terminal belongs;
- the gateway to which the target terminal belongs After receiving the routing request information, the gateway to which the target terminal belongs determines the communication path and communication resources between itself and the target terminal according to the topology information between the terminals in the area under the jurisdiction and the information of the resources used in the communication between the terminals.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the Internet of Things communication method of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, this embodiment includes:
- Step 302 The source terminal sends the routing request information including the target terminal address to the associated gateway.
- the source terminal sends the routing request information by using the control channel according to the preset control channel resource or using the intercepting medium.
- Step 304 The source terminal receives the first communication path and the information of the first communication resource between the source terminal and the target terminal that are returned by the gateway, or receives the second communication path between the gateway and the source terminal that is returned by the gateway.
- Information of two communication resources
- Step 306 The source terminal performs communication according to the information of the first communication path and the first communication resource or according to the information of the second communication path and the second communication resource.
- step 304 and step 306 respectively transmit information through the control channel and the data channel, namely:
- the source terminal receives the first communication path forwarded by the control channel and the information of the first communication resource or the information of the second communication path and the second communication resource forwarded by the control channel;
- the source terminal according to the first communication path and the information of the first communication resource or according to the second communication path And information of the second communication resource, communicating through the data channel.
- the network can control the manageable and chargeable of the terminal, etc.; preferably, the sub-channel transmission can avoid the prior art CSMA.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of Embodiment 3 of the Internet of Things communication method of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, this embodiment includes:
- Step 400 The source node (ie, the source terminal, such as the sensor node) initiates a route establishment process on the control channel, that is, sends the route request information through the control channel.
- the route request information may include the target node (ie, the target terminal). Address, amount of data to be transmitted, QoS requirements (such as minimum transmission data rate, longest tolerable transmission delay, etc.);
- Step 402 The gateway node to which the source node belongs receives the routing request information.
- the route establishment request information may reach the gateway node to which the source node belongs by flooding or flooding; the gateway node to which the source node belongs may also be more The routing request information is received on the path;
- Step 404 the gateway node to which the source node belongs determines whether the target node belongs to the preset jurisdiction, and when it belongs to the jurisdiction, step 406 is performed, otherwise, step 408 is performed;
- Step 406 The gateway node to which the source node belongs determines the first communication path and the first communication resource between the source node and the destination node according to the topology information between the terminals in the area under the jurisdiction and the information of the resources used in the communication between the terminals. For example, determining the communication path and communication resources between the source node and the destination node according to criteria such as minimum hop count or shortest delay; proceed to step 412;
- the communication path indicates which intermediate nodes (collectively referred to as other nodes) between the source node and the destination node, and the execution of step 406 requires the gateway node to grasp the topology information between all the nodes in the jurisdiction and the information of the resources used for communication between the nodes.
- the communication resource indicates the channel used for communication, the time point at which communication starts, the duration of communication, and the like;
- Step 408 The gateway node to which the source node belongs determines the second communication path and the second communication resource between the source terminal and the source terminal according to the topology information between the terminals in the area under the jurisdiction and the information of the resources used in the communication between the terminals. Sending information of the second communication path and the second communication resource to the source terminal, and forwarding the request to the gateway node to which the target node belongs;
- Step 410 The gateway node to which the target node belongs determines the communication path and communication resource between the terminal and the target terminal according to the topology information between the terminals in the area under the jurisdiction and the information of the resources used in the communication between the terminals. Source; continue to perform step 412;
- Step 412 The gateway node to which the source node belongs notifies the source node of the information of the first communication resource and the first communication path through the control channel, or notifies the source node of the information of the second communication resource and the second communication path through the control channel;
- the gateway node to which the source node belongs may also notify the destination node and the intermediate node between the source node and the target node by using the information of the first communication resource and the first communication path; as can be understood by those skilled in the art, in step 410 The gateway to which the target node belongs may also notify the target node of the determined communication resource and the information of the communication path;
- the resources allocated by the gateway may not be sufficient for the first time, and the following communication tasks may be continued in the following manner:
- the source node uses the first communication resource or the second communication resource, if it is determined that there is still information to be transmitted to the target node, the previously established route (ie, the first communication path (corresponding to the first communication resource) may be utilized. Or a second communication path (corresponding to the second communication resource), initiating a resource request process for communication to the gateway to which the source node belongs (ie, steps 402-412);
- the source node triggers the buffer information reporting process periodically (according to the preset period) or conditionally (according to the preset trigger condition) during the communication process, and the gateway node to which the source node belongs determines whether the additional communication resource needs to be added according to the buffer information. And when new additions are needed, re-determine the new communication resources, see the interpretation instructions in steps 404-412;
- the gateway node to which the source node belongs actively queries the remaining information blocks of the source node that need to be transmitted, and then determines new resource information according to the feedback. See the explanation of steps 404-412.
- the communication between the control channel and the data channel is adopted by the communication of the nodes in the sensor area, thereby avoiding the phenomenon that the resources of the common channel are competed in the CSMA/CA in the prior art, and the resources used for communication by the sensor node are used by the gateway node.
- the allocation can effectively manage the communication of the IoT terminal, improve the communication efficiency, and realize the controllable and manageable of these nodes.
- FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of an Internet of Things communication gateway according to the present invention.
- the method embodiments shown in Figures 2-4 can be applied to this embodiment.
- the embodiment includes: a receiving module 50, configured to receive routing request information that includes a target terminal address sent by the source terminal, and a processing module 52, configured to: when the target terminal is located in the preset jurisdiction, according to the terminal between the jurisdictions Topology information and resources used for inter-terminal communication The information is used to determine a first communication path between the source terminal and the target terminal and the first communication resource.
- the sending module 54 is configured to send information about the first communication path and the first communication resource to the source terminal.
- the sending module 54 may include:
- a sending submodule (not shown), configured to send information of the first communication path and the first communication resource to the source terminal and the target terminal through the control channel, and when the communication path involves the source terminal and other terminals other than the target terminal And transmitting the information of the first communication path and the first communication resource to the other terminal through the control channel.
- the processing module 52 can include:
- the determining sub-module 522 is configured to determine whether the target terminal is located in the jurisdiction of the gateway; and when the target terminal is located outside the jurisdiction of the gateway, the routing request information is forwarded by the sending module 54 to the gateway to which the target terminal belongs;
- the processing sub-module 524 is configured to: when the determining sub-module 522 determines that the target terminal is located in the jurisdiction area of the gateway, determine the first communication path according to the topology information between the terminals in the jurisdiction area and the information of resources used in the communication between the terminals. a communication resource; and when the target terminal is outside the jurisdiction area, determining the second communication path and the second communication resource between the source terminal and the source terminal according to the topology information between the terminals in the jurisdiction area and the information of the resources used in the communication between the terminals And transmitting, by the sending module 54, information of the second communication path and the second communication resource to the source terminal.
- the gateway can also include:
- the query module 56 is configured to query the remaining transmission data amount of the source terminal; and when the target terminal is located outside the jurisdiction of the gateway, the remaining transmission data amount is forwarded by the sending module 54 to the gateway to which the target terminal belongs;
- the resource determining module 58 is configured to determine, between the source terminal and the target terminal, according to the topology information between the terminals in the jurisdiction, the information of resources used in the communication between the terminals, and the amount of remaining transmission data when the target terminal is located in the jurisdiction of the gateway.
- the third communication resource and when the target terminal is outside the jurisdiction area, determining the fourth communication between the source and the source terminal according to the topology information between the terminals in the jurisdiction, the information of the resources used for communication between the terminals, and the amount of remaining transmission data And transmitting the information of the third communication resource or the fourth communication resource to the source terminal through the sending module.
- the receiving module 50 may be further configured to receive a route including the target terminal address sent by the gateway of the source terminal.
- the requesting information may be used to determine the communication path and the communication resource between the terminal and the target terminal according to the topology information between the terminals in the area under the jurisdiction and the information of the resources used in the communication between the terminals; further, the receiving module 50
- the receiving module (not shown) is further configured to receive the routing request information and the remaining transmission data amount of the source terminal sent by the gateway of the source terminal;
- the processing module 52 may further include: a first determining submodule (not shown)
- the indication is configured to determine, after receiving the routing request information, the communication path and the communication resource between the terminal and the target terminal according to the topology information between the terminals in the area under the jurisdiction and the information of the resources used in the communication between the terminals.
- a second determining sub-module configured to: after the receiving sub-module receives the remaining transmission data amount of the source terminal, according to the topology information between the terminals in the jurisdiction area, the information of the resources used in the communication between the terminals, and the remaining The amount of data is transmitted to determine a new communication path and communication resources between itself and the target terminal.
- the resources used for the communication of the sensor node by the processing module 52 are allocated by the gateway node, which avoids the phenomenon that the resources of the common channel are competed in the prior art CSMA/CA, and can effectively manage the communication of the control object network terminal. Improve communication efficiency and achieve controllable and manageable of these nodes.
- FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of an embodiment of an Internet of Things communication terminal of the present invention.
- the method embodiments shown in Figs. 2-4 can be applied to the present embodiment.
- the embodiment includes: a requesting module 60, configured to send routing request information including a target terminal address to the associated gateway; and receive information about the first communication path and the first communication resource that is returned by the associated gateway and the first communication resource a second communication path between the gateways and the information of the second communication resource; the communication module 62 is configured to perform communication according to the information of the first communication path and the first communication resource or according to the information of the second communication path and the second communication resource .
- the determining module 64 is configured to: after the first communication resource is used, determine whether there is information to be transmitted, and when determining that there is information to be transmitted, use the first communication path to perform a communication resource request; or after using the second communication resource Determining whether there is information to be transmitted, and when determining that there is information to be transmitted, using the second communication path to perform a communication resource request;
- the reporting module 66 is configured to: according to the preset period or according to the preset trigger condition, information (such as buffer information) used to indicate the amount of remaining transmission data to the associated gateway through the control channel, and receive feedback from the gateway according to the information. New communication resources.
- the communication module includes a communication sub-module (not shown) for performing communication through the data channel according to the information of the first communication path and the first communication resource or according to the information of the second communication path and the second communication resource. Letter.
- Fig. 7 is a structural diagram showing an embodiment of an Internet of Things communication system of the present invention. The method embodiments shown in Figs. 2-4 can be applied to the present embodiment. This embodiment includes:
- the terminal 70 is configured to send routing request information including a target terminal address.
- the gateway 72 is configured to receive the routing request information, and determine, when the target terminal is located in the preset jurisdiction, the first information between the terminal and the target terminal according to the topology information between the terminals in the jurisdiction and the information used by the communication between the terminals. a communication path and the first communication resource, and transmitting the information of the first communication path and the first communication resource to the terminal.
- the terminal 70 transmits the control channel and the data channel to the gateway 72 and the like respectively.
- the terminal 70 is shown in the explanation of FIG. 6.
- the system may further include: the gateway 74 to which the target terminal belongs. For receiving the routing request information forwarded by the gateway 72 when the target terminal is located outside the jurisdiction of the gateway 72, and determining the terminal according to the topology information between all the terminals in the area under its jurisdiction and the information of the resources used for communication between the terminals. 70. Communication path and communication resources between the target terminals.
- the resources used for communication by the sensor node are allocated by the gateway node, which avoids the phenomenon that the resources of the common channel are competed in the CSMA/CA in the prior art, can effectively manage the communication of the control object network terminal, and improve communication efficiency. Achieve controllable manageability of these nodes.
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Description
物联网通信方法、 网关、 终端及系统 本申请要求于 2011 年 3 月 18 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 201110066779.3、 发明名称为"物联网通信方法、 网关、 终端及系统"的中国 专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。 技术领域
本发明涉及无线领域， 具体涉及一种物联网通信方法、 网关、终端及系统。 背景技术
随着物联网业务的开展， 物联网终端的数量将会急剧增加。有研究机构预 测， 未来物联网终端的数目可能会是手机终端的几十倍。 因此， 如何降低物联 网终端的成本是物联网研究领域的一大难题。
图 1是一种物联网应用开展之后可能的通信网络架构。为了降低物联网终 端的成本， 艮多终端（如图 1中的 sensor节点 )都没有配置移动通信网络的通 信模块； 网关节点是连接 sensor节点和移动通信网络的桥梁。 在 Zigbee等短 距离通信技术中，当网络中的 sensor节点需要开始通信时会发起路由寻找的过 程。 当目的 sensor节点就在本网关节点的管辖范围之内时， 源和目的 sensor 节点可以直接通信， 如下图 1 中的 sensor节点 A和 E; 当目的 sensor节点在 该网关节点管辖之外时， 则需要通过网关节点才能进行。 sensor节点间通信一 般采用 CSMA/CA的通信机制， 其工作流程为：
1. 送出数据前， 监听媒体状态， 等媒体没有被使用， 维持一段时间后， 再等待一段随机的时间后媒体依然没有被使用， 才送出数据； 由于每个 sensor 节点采用的随机时间不同， 所以可以减少冲突的机会；
2. 送出数据前， 先送一段请求传送报文（RTS , Request to Send )给目标 端，等待目标端回应 CTS ( Clear to Send )报文后，才开始传送；利用 RTS-CTS 握手（handshake )程序， 确保接下来传送资料时， 不会被碰撞； 由于 RTS-CTS 封包都 4艮小， 让传送的无效开销变小。
由于 Zigbee等短距离无线通信技术使用的是 2.4G开放频段， 运营商无法 管理和控制这种短距离通信的终端，从而也无法保证通信质量，也不能实现计
费； 同时，具有干扰大，频谱利用率低等缺点，节点间通信用的都是公共信道， 资源利用率低。 发明内容
本发明的第一目的是提出一种可管控的物联网通信方法。
本发明的第二目的是提出另一种可管控的物联网通信方法。
本发明的第三目的是提出又一种可管控的物联网通信方法。
本发明的第四目的是提出一种可管控的物联网通信网关。
本发明的第五目的是提出另一种可管控的物联网通信网关。
本发明的第六目的是提出一种可管控的物联网通信终端。
本发明的第七目的是提出一种可管控的物联网通信系统。
为实现上述第一目的， 本发明提供了一种物联网通信方法， 包括： 源终端 所属的网关接收源终端发送的包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息；在所述目标 终端位于所述源终端所属的网关的管辖区域内时，所述源终端所属的网关根据 所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息，确定所述源终端 与目标终端之间的第一通信路径及第一通信资源，以及将所述第一通信路径及 第一通信资源的信息发送至所述源终端。
优选的，所述源终端所属的网关接收源终端发送的包括目标终端地址的路 由请求信息的步骤包括：所述源终端所属的网关接收经过控制信道传送的所述 路由请求信息；所述将所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息发送至所述源 终端的步骤包括：将所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息经过所述控制信 道发送至所述源终端。
优选的，在所述确定所述源终端与目标终端之间的第一通信路径及第一通 信资源的步骤之后还包括：将所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息发送至 所述目标终端；在所述第一通信路径涉及到所述源终端及目标终端外的其他终 端时 , 将所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息发送至所述其他终端。
优选的， 所述通信资源包括通信采用的信道、通信起始时间及通信持续时 间。
优选的，在所述源终端所属的网关接收源终端发送的包括目标终端地址的
路由请求信息的步骤之后还包括：在所述目标终端位于所述源终端所属的网关 的管辖区域外时，所述源终端所属的网关根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及 终端间通信所用资源的信息，确定自身与所述源终端之间的第二通信路径及第 二通信资源， 并将所述第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息发送至所述源终 端， 以及将所述路由请求信息转发至所述目标终端所属的网关。
优选的， 所述目标终端所属的网关在收到所述转发的路由请求信息后，根 据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息，确定自身与所 述目标终端之间的通信路径及通信资源。
优选的，在所述源终端所属的网关将所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的 信息发送至所述源终端或者在所述源终端所属的网关将所述第二通信路径及 第二通信资源的信息发送至所述源终端的步骤之后还包括：所述源终端所属的 网关询问所述源终端的剩余传输数据量；在所述目标终端位于所述源终端所属 的网关的管辖区域内时，所述源终端所属的网关根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴 信息、终端间通信所用资源的信息及所述剩余传输数据量，确定所述源终端与 目标终端之间的第三通信资源，并将所述第三通信资源的信息发送至所述源终 端； 在所述目标终端位于所述源终端所属的网关的管辖区域外时， 所述源终端 所属的网关根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息、终端间通信所用资源的信息及 所述剩余传输数据量，确定自身与所述源终端之间的第四通信资源， 并将所述 第四通信资源的信息发送至所述源终端 ,以及将所述剩余传输数据量转发至所 述目标终端所属的网关。
优选的， 所述目标终端所属的网关在收到所述转发的剩余传输数据量后， 根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息、终端间通信所用资源的信息及所述剩余传 输数据量， 确定自身与所述目标终端之间新的通信资源。
为实现上述第二目的， 本发明提供了另一种物联网通信方法， 包括： 目标 终端所属的网关接收源终端所属的网关发送的包括目标终端地址的路由请求 信息；所述目标终端所属的网关根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通 信所用资源的信息， 确定自身与所述目标终端之间的通信路径及通信资源。
优选的，在所述确定自身与所述目标终端之间的通信路径及通信资源的步 骤之后还包括：所述目标终端所属的网关在接收所述源终端所属的网关发送的
所述源终端的剩余传输数据量后，根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息、终端间 通信所用资源的信息及所述剩余传输数据量，确定自身与所述目标终端之间新 的通信资源。
为实现上述第三目的， 本发明提供了又一种物联网通信方法， 包括： 源终 端向所属网关发送包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息；所述源终端接收所述所 属网关返回的所述源终端与目标终端之间的第一通信路径及第一通信资源的 信息，或者接收所述所属网关返回的所述所属网关与所述源终端之间的第二通 信路径及第二通信资源的信息；所述源终端根据所述第一通信路径及第一通信 资源的信息或者根据所述第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息，与目标终端进 行通信。
优选的， 所述源终端向所属网关发送包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息的 步骤包括： 所述源终端根据预设的控制信道的资源或者利用监听媒体的方式 , 通过控制信道发送所述路由请求信息；所述源终端接收所述所属网关返回的所 述源终端与目标终端之间的第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息，或者接收所 述所属网关返回的所述所属网关与所述源终端之间的第二通信路径及第二通 信资源的信息的步骤包括：所述源终端接收所述控制信道转发的所述第一通信 路径及第一通信资源的信息或者接收所述控制信道转发的所述第二通信路径 及第二通信资源的信息；所述源终端根据所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的 信息或者根据所述第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息，与目标终端进行通信 的步骤包括：所述源终端根据所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息或者根 据所述第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息，通过数据信道与目标终端进行通 信。
优选的， 在所述源终端通信过程中还包括： 所述源终端在使用完所述第一 通信资源后， 判断是否存在待传送信息， 并在判定存在待传送信息时， 利用所 述第一通信路径向所述所属网关发送通信资源请求； 或者， 所述源终端在使用 完所述第二通信资源后， 判断是否存在待传送信息， 并在判定存在待传送信息 时， 利用所述第二通信路径向所述所属网关发送通信资源请求。
优选的，在所述源终端通信过程中还包括： 所述源终端根据预设周期或根 据预设触发条件， 向所述所属网关上报用于指示剩余传输数据量的信息。
为实现上述第四目的， 本发明提供了一种物联网通信网关， 包括： 接收模 块， 用于接收源终端发送的包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息； 处理模块， 用 于在目标终端位于预设管辖区域内时，根据管辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终 端间通信所用资源的信息，确定源终端与目标终端之间的第一通信路径及第一 通信资源； 发送模块， 用于将第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息发送至源终 端。
优选的， 发送模块包括： 发送子模块， 用于将所述第一通信路径及第一通 信资源的信息经过控制信道发送至所述源终端及目标终端，以及在所述通信路 径涉及到所述源终端及目标终端外的其他终端时，将所述第一通信路径及第一 通信资源的信息经过控制信道发送至所述其他终端。
优选的， 所述处理模块包括： 判断子模块， 用于判断所述目标终端是否位 于所述管辖区域内； 并在所述目标终端位于所述管辖区域外时，通过所述发送 模块将所述路由请求信息转发至所述目标终端所属的网关； 处理子模块， 用于 在所述判断子模块判定所述目标终端位于所述管辖区域内时，根据所述管辖区 域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息，确定所述第一通信路径 及第一通信资源； 并在所述目标终端位于所述管辖区域外时，根据所述管辖区 域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息，确定自身与所述源终端 之间的第二通信路径及第二通信资源；以及通过所述发送模块将所述第二通信 路径及第二通信资源的信息发送至所述源终端。
优选的， 所述物联网通信网关还包括： 查询模块， 用于询问所述源终端的 剩余传输数据量， 并在所述目标终端位于所述管辖区域外时，将所述剩余传输 数据量通过所述发送模块转发至所述目标终端所属的网关； 资源确定模块， 用 于在所述目标终端位于所述管辖区域内时，根据所述管辖区域内终端间的拓朴 信息、终端间通信所用资源的信息及所述剩余传输数据量，确定所述源终端与 目标终端之间的第三通信资源； 并在所述目标终端位于所述管辖区域外时，根 据所述管辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息、终端间通信所用资源的信息及所述剩余 传输数据量，确定自身与所述源终端之间的第四通信资源； 以及将所述第三通 信资源的信息或第四通信资源的信息通过所述发送模块发送至所述源终端。
为实现上述第五目的， 本发明提供了另一种物联网通信网关， 包括： 接收
模块， 用于接收源终端所属的网关发送的包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息； 处理模块，用于根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信 息， 确定自身与所述目标终端之间的通信路径及通信资源。
优选的， 所述接收模块包括接收子模块， 用于接收所述路由请求信息及所 述源终端所属的网关发送的所述源终端的剩余传输数据量。
优选的， 所述处理模块包括： 第一确定子模块， 用于在所述接收子模块接 收到所述路由请求信息后，根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所 用资源的信息，确定自身与所述目标终端之间的通信路径及通信资源； 第二确 定子模块， 用于在所述接收子模块接收到所述源终端的剩余传输数据量后，根 据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息、终端间通信所用资源的信息及所述剩余传输 数据量， 确定自身与所述目标终端之间新的通信资源。
为实现上述第六目的， 本发明提供了一种物联网通信终端， 包括： 请求模 块， 用于向所属网关发送包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息； 并接收所述所属 网关返回的与目标终端之间的第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息或者与所 述所属网关之间的第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息； 通信模块， 用于根据 所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息或者根据所述第二通信路径及第二 通信资源的信息， 与目标终端进行通信。
优选的， 所述物联网通信终端还包括： 判断模块， 用于在使用完所述第一 通信资源后， 判断是否存在待传送信息， 并在判定存在待传送信息时， 利用所 述第一通信路径向所述所属网关发送通信资源请求；或者在使用完所述第二通 信资源后， 判断是否存在待传送信息， 并在判定存在待传送信息时， 利用所述 第二通信路径向所述所属网关发送通信资源请求。
优选的， 所述物联网通信终端还包括： 上报模块， 用于根据预设周期或根 据预设触发条件，经过控制信道向所述所属网关上报用于指示剩余传输数据量 的信息， 并接收所述所属网关根据所述信息反馈的新的通信资源。
优选的， 所述通信模块包括通信子模块， 用于根据所述第一通信路径及第 一通信资源的信息或者根据所述第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息，经过数 据信道与目标终端进行通信。
为实现上述第七目的，本发明提供了一种物联网通信系统， 包括： 源终端，
用于发送包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息； 源终端所属的网关， 用于接收所 述路由请求信息， 并在所述目标终端位于预设管辖区域内时，根据所述管辖区 域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息，确定所述源终端与目标 终端之间的第一通信路径及第一通信资源 ,以及将所述第一通信路径及第一通 信资源的信息发送至所述源终端。
优选的， 所述物联网通信系统还包括： 目标终端所属的网关， 用于在所述 目标终端位于所述源终端所属的网关的管辖区域外时，接收所述源终端所属的 网关转发的路由请求信息，并根据自身所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间 通信所用资源的信息， 确定自身与目标终端之间的通信路径及通信资源。
本发明各个实施例中， 由网关控制通信资源的分配， 兼顾短距离通信低功 耗低成本的优点， 实现网络对终端的可控可管可计费等。 附图说明
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解， 并且构成说明书的一部分， 与本发 明的实施例一并用于解释本发明， 并不构成对本发明的限制。 在附图中： 图 1为现有技术物联网通信示意图；
图 2为本发明的物联网通信方法的实施例一流程图；
图 3为本发明的物联网通信方法的实施例二流程图；
图 4为本发明的物联网通信方法的实施例三流程图；
图 5为本发明的物联网通信网关的实施例结构图；
图 6为本发明的物联网通信终端的实施例结构图；
图 7为本发明的物联网通信系统的实施例结构图。 具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明的优选实施例进行说明，应当理解， 此处所描述的 优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明， 并不用于限定本发明。
方法实施例
图 2为本发明的物联网通信方法的实施例一流程图。如图 2所示， 本实施 例包括：
步骤 202: 网关接收源终端发送的包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息； 步骤 204: 在目标终端位于网关的管辖区域内时， 网关根据所辖区域内终 端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息，确定源终端与目标终端之间的 第一通信路径及第一通信资源；
步骤 206: 将第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息发送至源终端。
优选地， 在目标终端位于网关的管辖区域外时， 网关根据所辖区域内终端 间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息，确定自身与源终端之间的第二通 信路径及第二通信资源，并将第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息发送至源终 端， 以及将路由请求信息转发至目标终端所属的网关；
目标终端所属的网关在收到路由请求信息后，根据所辖区域内终端间的拓 朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息，确定自身与目标终端之间的通信路径及 通信资源。
本实施例通过由网关控制通信资源的分配，兼顾短距离通信低功耗低成本 的优点， 实现网络对终端的可控可管可计费等。
图 3为本发明的物联网通信方法的实施例二示意图。如图 3所示， 本实施 例包括：
步骤 302: 源终端向所属网关发送包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息； 优选地， 源终端根据预设的控制信道的资源或者利用监听媒体的方式，通 过控制信道发送该路由请求信息；
步骤 304: 源终端接收所属网关返回的源终端与目标终端之间的第一通信 路径及第一通信资源的信息，或者接收所属网关返回的所属网关与源终端之间 的第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息；
步骤 306: 源终端根据第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息或者根据第二 通信路径及第二通信资源的信息， 进行通信。
优选地， 步骤 304及步骤 306分别通过控制信道及数据信道进行信息的传 输， 即：
源终端接收控制信道转发的第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息或者接 收控制信道转发的第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息；
源终端根据第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息或者根据第二通信路径
及第二通信资源的信息， 通过数据信道进行通信。
本实施例通过由网关控制通信资源的分配，兼顾短距离通信低功耗低成本 的优点， 实现网络对终端的可控可管可计费等； 优选地， 分信道传输可以避免 现有技术 CSMA/CA中竟争公共信道的资源的现象。
图 4为本发明的物联网通信方法的实施例三流程图。如图 4所示， 本实施 例包括：
步骤 400, 源节点（即源终端， 如 sensor节点）在控制信道上发起路由建 立过程， 即通过控制信道发送路由请求信息， 具体操作时， 该路由请求信息中 可以包括目标节点（即目标终端）的地址、 需要传输的数据量大小、 QoS要求 (如最低传输数据速率 , 最长可容忍的传输时延等）；
步骤 402, 源节点所属网关节点接收该路由请求信息； 一般而言， 该路由 建立请求信息会通过洪泛或者类洪泛的形式到达源节点所属网关节点；源节点 所属网关节点也可能会从多条路径上接收到该路由请求信息；
步骤 404, 源节点所属网关节点判断目标节点是否属于预设的管辖范围， 并在属于所管辖范围时执行步骤 406, 反之， 执行步骤 408;
步骤 406, 源节点所属网关节点根据路由请求中的信息， 根据所辖区域内 终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息确定源节点和目的节点间第 一通信路径及第一通信资源，如根据跳数最少或时延最短等准则确定源节点和 目的节点间通信路径及通信资源； 继续执行步骤 412;
其中， 通信路径表示源节点和目的节点间的中间节点（统称其他节点）有 哪些， 步骤 406的执行需要网关节点掌握所辖区域内所有节点间的拓朴信息， 以及节点间通信所用资源的信息等； 通信资源表示通信采用的信道，通信开始 的时间点， 通信持续的时间等；
步骤 408, 源节点所属的网关节点根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终 端间通信所用资源的信息，确定自身与源终端之间的第二通信路径及第二通信 资源， 并将第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息发送至源终端， 以及将该请求 转发给目标节点所属的网关节点；
步骤 410, 目标节点所属的网关节点根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息 及终端间通信所用资源的信息，确定自身与目标终端之间的通信路径及通信资
源； 继续执行步骤 412;
步骤 412, 源节点所属网关节点通过控制信道将第一通信资源及第一通信 路径的信息通知给源节点或者通过控制信道将第二通信资源及第二通信路径 的信息通知给源节点；
具体操作时，该源节点所属网关节点还可以将第一通信资源及第一通信路 径的信息通知给目的节点及源节点与目标节点间的中间节点；本领域技术人员 可以理解， 在步骤 410中， 目标节点所属的网关也可以将确定的通信资源及通 信路径的信息通知目标节点；
优选地， 考虑到重传等因素， 网关初次分配的资源可能不够用， 可以采用 如下方式来继续完成该次通信任务：
aa. 源节点在使用完第一通信资源或第二通信资源后， 若判定还有信息要 传送给目标节点， 则可利用之前已经建立的路由（即第一通信路径（对应于第 一通信资源）或第二通信路径（对应于第二通信资源）， 再次向源节点所属网 关发起通信的资源请求过程 (即步骤 402-412 );
bb. 源节点在通信过程中周期性（根据预设周期）地或有条件（根据预设 触发条件）地触发 buffer信息上报过程， 源节点所属网关节点根据该 buffer信 息确定是否需要追加通信资源， 并在需要追加时， 重新确定新的通信资源， 参 见步骤 404-412的解译说明；
cc. 源节点所属网关节点主动询问源节点剩余的需要传输的信息块情况， 再根据反馈确定新的资源信息， 参见步骤 404-412的解译说明。
本实施例通过 sensor 区域中节点的通信采用控制信道和数据信道分开的 机制， 避免了现有技术 CSMA/CA中竟争公共信道的资源的现象， 通过 sensor 节点的通信所用的资源由网关节点来分配，能有效地管理控制物联网终端的通 信， 提高通信效率， 实现对这些节点的可控制可管理等。
装置实施例
图 5为本发明的物联网通信网关的实施例结构图。 图 2-4所示的各方法实 施例均可应用于本实施例。 本实施例包括： 接收模块 50, 用于接收源终端发 送的包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息； 处理模块 52, 用于在目标终端位于 预设管辖区域内时，根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源
的信息，确定源终端与目标终端之间的第一通信路径及第一通信资源； 发送模 块 54, 用于将第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息发送至源终端。
具体操作时， 该发送模块 54可以包括：
发送子模块（图未示）， 用于将第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息经过 控制信道发送至源终端及目标终端 ,以及在通信路径涉及到源终端及目标终端 外的其他终端时，将第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息经过控制信道发送至 其他终端。
处理模块 52可以包括：
判断子模块 522, 用于判断目标终端是否位于网关的管辖区域内； 并在目 标终端位于网关的管辖区域外时， 通过发送模块 54将路由请求信息转发至目 标终端所属的网关；
处理子模块 524, 用于在判断子模块 522判定目标终端位于网关的管辖区 域内时，根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息，确 定第一通信路径及第一通信资源； 并在目标终端位于管辖区域外时，根据管辖 区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息，确定自身与源终端之 间的第二通信路径及第二通信资源， 以及通过发送模块 54将第二通信路径及 第二通信资源的信息发送至源终端。
该网关还可以包括：
查询模块 56, 用于询问源终端的剩余传输数据量； 并在目标终端位于网 关的管辖区域外时， 将剩余传输数据量通过发送模块 54转发至目标终端所属 的网关；
资源确定模块 58 , 用于在目标终端位于网关的管辖区域内时， 根据管辖 区域内终端间的拓朴信息、终端间通信所用资源的信息及剩余传输数据量确定 源终端与目标终端之间的第三通信资源； 并在目标终端位于管辖区域外时，根 据管辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息、终端间通信所用资源的信息及剩余传输数据 量，确定自身与源终端之间的第四通信资源； 以及将第三通信资源或第四通信 资源的信息通过发送模块发送至源终端。
本领域技术人员可以理解， 在网关作为目标终端所属的网关时， 上述接收 模块 50, 还可以用于接收源终端的所属网关发送的包括目标终端地址的路由
请求信息； 处理模块 52还可以用于根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端 间通信所用资源的信息，确定自身与目标终端之间的通信路径及通信资源； 进 一步地， 接收模块 50还可以包括一接收子模块（图未示）， 用于接收路由请求 信息及源终端的所属网关发送的源终端的剩余传输数据量； 处理模块 52还可 以包括： 第一确定子模块（图未示）， 用于在接收子模块接收到路由请求信息 后，根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息，确定自 身与目标终端之间的通信路径及通信资源， 以及第二确定子模块 (图未示）， 用于在接收子模块接收到源终端的剩余传输数据量后，根据所辖区域内终端间 的拓朴信息、终端间通信所用资源的信息及剩余传输数据量，确定自身与目标 终端之间新的通信路径及通信资源。 本实施例通过处理模块 52实现 sensor节 点的通信所用的资源由网关节点来分配，避免了现有技术 CSMA/CA中竟争公 共信道的资源的现象， 能有效地管理控制物联网终端的通信， 提高通信效率， 实现对这些节点的可控制可管理。
图 6为本发明的物联网通信终端的实施例结构图。 图 2-4所示的各方法实 施例均可应用于本实施例。 本实施例包括： 请求模块 60, 用于向所属网关发 送包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息；并接收所属网关返回的与目标终端之间 的第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息或者与所属网关之间的第二通信路径 及第二通信资源的信息； 通信模块 62, 用于根据第一通信路径及第一通信资 源的信息或者根据第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息， 进行通信。
具体操作时， 还可以包括：
判断模块 64, 用于在使用完第一通信资源后， 判断是否存在待传送信息， 并在判定存在待传送信息时， 利用第一通信路径进行通信资源请求； 或者在使 用完第二通信资源后，判断是否存在待传送信息，并在判定存在待传送信息时， 利用第二通信路径进行通信资源请求；
上报模块 66, 用于根据预设周期或根据预设触发条件， 经过控制信道向所 属网关上 ^艮用于指示剩余传输数据量的信息 (如 buffer信息）， 并接收所属网 关根据该信息反馈的新的通信资源。
通信模块包括通信子模块（图未示）， 用于根据第一通信路径及第一通信资 源的信息或者根据第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息，经过数据信道进行通
信。
系统实施例
图 7为本发明的物联网通信系统的实施例结构图。 图 2-4所示的各方法实 施例均可应用于本实施例。 本实施例包括：
终端 70, 用于发送包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息；
网关 72, 用于接收路由请求信息， 并在目标终端位于预设管辖区域内时， 根据管辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息，确定终端与 目标终端之间的第一通信路径及第一通信资源，以及将第一通信路径及第一通 信资源的信息发送至终端。
优选地， 终端 70分别通过控制信道及数据信道与网关 72等进行传输，详 见图 4的解译说明， 终端 70详见图 6的解译说明； 该系统还可以包括： 目标 终端所属网关 74, 用于在目标终端位于网关 72的管辖区域外时，接收网关 72 转发的路由请求信息，并根据自身所辖区域内所有终端间的拓朴信息及各终端 间通信所用资源的信息，确定终端 70及目标终端之间的通信路径及通信资源。 本实施例通过 sensor节点的通信所用的资源由网关节点来分配，避免了现有 技术 CSMA/CA中竟争公共信道的资源的现象，能有效地管理控制物联网终端 的通信， 提高通信效率， 实现对这些节点的可控制可管理。
最后应说明的是： 以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已， 并不用于限制本发 明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员 来说， 其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改， 或者对其中部 分技术特征进行等同替换。 凡在本发明的精神和原则之内， 所作的任何修改、 等同替换、 改进等， 均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims
1. 一种物联网通信方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
源终端所属的网关接收源终端发送的包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息； 在所述目标终端位于所述源终端所属的网关的管辖区域内时，所述源终端 所属的网关根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息， 确定所述源终端与目标终端之间的第一通信路径及第一通信资源，以及将所述 第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息发送至所述源终端。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的物联网通信方法， 其特征在于， 所述源终端所 属的网关接收源终端发送的包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息的步骤包括：所 述源终端所属的网关接收经过控制信道传送的所述路由请求信息；
所述将所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息发送至所述源终端的步 骤包括：将所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息经过所述控制信道发送至 所述源终端。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的物联网通信方法， 其特征在于， 在所述确定所述 源终端与目标终端之间的第一通信路径及第一通信资源的步骤之后还包括： 将所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息发送至所述目标终端； 在所述第一通信路径涉及到所述源终端及目标终端外的其他终端时， 将所 述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息发送至所述其他终端。
4. 根据上述权利要求 1-3中任一项所述的物联网通信方法， 其特征在于， 所述通信资源包括通信采用的信道、 通信起始时间及通信持续时间。
5. 根据上述权利要求 1-3中任一项所述的物联网通信方法， 其特征在于， 在所述源终端所属的网关接收源终端发送的包括目标终端地址的路由请求信 息的步骤之后还包括：
在所述目标终端位于所述源终端所属的网关的管辖区域外时， 所述源终端 所属的网关根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息， 确定自身与所述源终端之间的第二通信路径及第二通信资源，并将所述第二通 信路径及第二通信资源的信息发送至所述源终端，以及将所述路由请求信息转 发至所述目标终端所属的网关。
6. 根据权利要求 5所述的物联网通信方法， 其特征在于， 还包括： 所述目标终端所属的网关在收到所述转发的路由请求信息后， 根据所辖区 域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息，确定自身与所述目标终 端之间的通信路径及通信资源。
7. 根据权利要求 5所述的物联网通信方法， 其特征在于， 在所述源终端所 属的网关将所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息发送至所述源终端或者 在所述源终端所属的网关将所述第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息发送至 所述源终端的步骤之后还包括：
所述源终端所属的网关询问所述源终端的剩余传输数据量；
在所述目标终端位于所述源终端所属的网关的管辖区域内时， 所述源终端 所属的网关根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息、终端间通信所用资源的信息及 所述剩余传输数据量，确定所述源终端与目标终端之间的第三通信资源， 并将 所述第三通信资源的信息发送至所述源终端；
在所述目标终端位于所述源终端所属的网关的管辖区域外时， 所述源终端 所属的网关根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息、终端间通信所用资源的信息及 所述剩余传输数据量，确定自身与所述源终端之间的第四通信资源， 并将所述 第四通信资源的信息发送至所述源终端 ,以及将所述剩余传输数据量转发至所 述目标终端所属的网关。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的物联网通信方法， 其特征在于， 还包括： 所述目标终端所属的网关在收到所述转发的剩余传输数据量后， 根据所辖 区域内终端间的拓朴信息、 终端间通信所用资源的信息及所述剩余传输数据 量， 确定自身与所述目标终端之间新的通信资源。
9. 一种物联网通信方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
目标终端所属的网关接收源终端所属的网关发送的包括目标终端地址的路 由请求信息；
所述目标终端所属的网关根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信 所用资源的信息， 确定自身与所述目标终端之间的通信路径及通信资源。
10.根据权利要求 9所述的物联网通信方法， 其特征在于， 在所述确定自 身与所述目标终端之间的通信路径及通信资源的步骤之后还包括：
所述目标终端所属的网关在接收所述源终端所属的网关发送的所述源终端 的剩余传输数据量后，根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息、终端间通信所用资 源的信息及所述剩余传输数据量， 确定自身与所述目标终端之间新的通信资 源。
11. 一种物联网通信方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
源终端向所属网关发送包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息；
所述源终端接收所述所属网关返回的所述源终端与目标终端之间的第一 通信路径及第一通信资源的信息，或者接收所述所属网关返回的所述所属网关 与所述源终端之间的第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息；
所述源终端根据所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息或者根据所述 第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息， 与目标终端进行通信。
12. 根据权利要求 11所述的物联网通信方法， 其特征在于， 所述源终端向 所属网关发送包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息的步骤包括：
所述源终端根据预设的控制信道的资源或者利用监听媒体的方式， 通过控 制信道发送所述路由请求信息；
所述源终端接收所述所属网关返回的所述源终端与目标终端之间的第一通 信路径及第一通信资源的信息 ,或者接收所述所属网关返回的所述所属网关与 所述源终端之间的第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息的步骤包括：
所述源终端接收所述控制信道转发的所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的 信息或者接收所述控制信道转发的所述第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息； 所述源终端根据所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息或者根据所述第 二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息， 与目标终端进行通信的步骤包括：
所述源终端根据所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息或者根据所述第 二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息， 通过数据信道与目标终端进行通信。
13. 根据权利要求 11或 12所述的物联网通信方法， 其特征在于， 在所述 源终端通信过程中还包括：
所述源终端在使用完所述第一通信资源后， 判断是否存在待传送信息， 并 在判定存在待传送信息时，利用所述第一通信路径向所述所属网关发送通信资 源请求； 或者，
所述源终端在使用完所述第二通信资源后， 判断是否存在待传送信息， 并 在判定存在待传送信息时，利用所述第二通信路径向所述所属网关发送通信资 源请求。
14. 根据权利要求 11或 12所述的物联网通信方法， 其特征在于， 在所述 源终端通信过程中还包括：
所述源终端根据预设周期或根据预设触发条件， 向所述所属网关上报用于 指示剩余传输数据量的信息。
15. 一种物联网通信网关， 其特征在于， 包括：
接收模块， 用于接收源终端发送的包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息； 处理模块， 用于在所述目标终端位于预设管辖区域内时，根据所述管辖区 域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息，确定所述源终端与目标 终端之间的第一通信路径及第一通信资源；
发送模块，用于将所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息发送至所述源 终端。
16. 根据权利要求 15 所述的物联网通信网关， 其特征在于， 发送模块包 括：
发送子模块，用于将所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息经过控制信 道发送至所述源终端及目标终端，以及在所述通信路径涉及到所述源终端及目 标终端外的其他终端时，将所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息经过控制 信道发送至所述其他终端。
17. 根据权利要求 15 所述的物联网通信网关， 其特征在于， 所述处理模 块包括：
判断子模块， 用于判断所述目标终端是否位于所述管辖区域内； 并在所述 目标终端位于所述管辖区域外时，通过所述发送模块将所述路由请求信息转发 至所述目标终端所属的网关；
处理子模块，用于在所述判断子模块判定所述目标终端位于所述管辖区域 内时， 根据所述管辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息， 确定所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源；并在所述目标终端位于所述管辖区域 外时， 根据所述管辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息， 确定自身与所述源终端之间的第二通信路径及第二通信资源；以及通过所述发 送模块将所述第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息发送至所述源终端。
18. 根据上述权利要求 15、 16或 17所述的物联网通信网关，其特征在于， 还包括：
查询模块， 用于询问所述源终端的剩余传输数据量， 并在所述目标终端位 于所述管辖区域外时，将所述剩余传输数据量通过所述发送模块转发至所述目 标终端所属的网关；
资源确定模块， 用于在所述目标终端位于所述管辖区域内时，根据所述管 辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息、终端间通信所用资源的信息及所述剩余传输数据 量，确定所述源终端与目标终端之间的第三通信资源； 并在所述目标终端位于 所述管辖区域外时，根据所述管辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息、终端间通信所用 资源的信息及所述剩余传输数据量，确定自身与所述源终端之间的第四通信资 源；以及将所述第三通信资源的信息或第四通信资源的信息通过所述发送模块 发送至所述源终端。
19.一种物联网通信网关， 其特征在于， 包括：
接收模块， 用于接收源终端所属的网关发送的包括目标终端地址的路由请 求信息；
处理模块， 用于根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源 的信息， 确定自身与所述目标终端之间的通信路径及通信资源。
20. 根据权利要求 19所述的物联网通信网关， 其特征在于， 所述接收模块 包括接收子模块，用于接收所述路由请求信息及所述源终端所属的网关发送的 所述源终端的剩余传输数据量。
21. 根据权利要求 20所述的物联网通信网关， 其特征在于， 所述处理模块 包括：
第一确定子模块， 用于在所述接收子模块接收到所述路由请求信息后， 根 据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息，确定自身与所 述目标终端之间的通信路径及通信资源；
第二确定子模块， 用于在所述接收子模块接收到所述源终端的剩余传输数 据量后，根据所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息、终端间通信所用资源的信息及所 述剩余传输数据量， 确定自身与所述目标终端之间新的通信资源。
22.—种物联网通信终端， 其特征在于， 包括：
请求模块， 用于向所属网关发送包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息； 并接 收所述所属网关返回的与目标终端之间的第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信 息或者与所述所属网关之间的第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息；
通信模块，用于根据所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息或者根据所 述第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息， 与目标终端进行通信。
23. 根据权利要求 22所述的物联网通信终端， 其特征在于， 还包括： 判断模块， 用于在使用完所述第一通信资源后， 判断是否存在待传送信息， 并在判定存在待传送信息时，利用所述第一通信路径向所述所属网关发送通信 资源请求； 或者在使用完所述第二通信资源后， 判断是否存在待传送信息， 并 在判定存在待传送信息时，利用所述第二通信路径向所述所属网关发送通信资 源请求。
24. 根据权利要求 22或 23所述的物联网通信终端， 其特征在于： 还包括： 上报模块， 用于根据预设周期或根据预设触发条件， 经过控制信道向所述 所属网关上报用于指示剩余传输数据量的信息 ,并接收所述所属网关根据所述 信息反馈的新的通信资源。
25. 根据权利要求 22或 23所述的物联网通信终端， 其特征在于： 所述通 信模块包括通信子模块，用于根据所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息或 者根据所述第二通信路径及第二通信资源的信息，经过数据信道与目标终端进 行通信。
26. 一种物联网通信系统， 其特征在于， 包括：
源终端， 用于发送包括目标终端地址的路由请求信息；
源终端所属的网关， 用于接收所述路由请求信息， 并在所述目标终端位于 预设管辖区域内时，根据所述管辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用 资源的信息， 确定所述源终端与目标终端之间的第一通信路径及第一通信资 源， 以及将所述第一通信路径及第一通信资源的信息发送至所述源终端。
27. 根据权利要求 26所述的物联网通信系统， 其特征在于， 还包括： 目标终端所属的网关，用于在所述目标终端位于所述源终端所属的网关的 管辖区域外时，接收所述源终端所属的网关转发的路由请求信息， 并根据自身 所辖区域内终端间的拓朴信息及终端间通信所用资源的信息，确定自身与目标 终端之间的通信路径及通信资源。
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| CN106034281B (zh) * | 2015-03-17 | 2018-08-14 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 一种基于m2m网关的末梢网络建立方法、装置和系统 |
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