WO2012120000A1 - Exhaust system of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Exhaust system of an internal combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012120000A1
WO2012120000A1 PCT/EP2012/053790 EP2012053790W WO2012120000A1 WO 2012120000 A1 WO2012120000 A1 WO 2012120000A1 EP 2012053790 W EP2012053790 W EP 2012053790W WO 2012120000 A1 WO2012120000 A1 WO 2012120000A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
exhaust
exhaust system
exhaust gas
cone
injection
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/053790
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Michael Müller
Original Assignee
Friedrich Boysen Gmbh & Co. Kg
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Friedrich Boysen Gmbh & Co. Kg filed Critical Friedrich Boysen Gmbh & Co. Kg
Publication of WO2012120000A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012120000A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066—Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28—Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892—Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/08—Adding substances to exhaust gases with prior mixing of the substances with a gas, e.g. air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/14—Arrangements for the supply of substances, e.g. conduits
    • F01N2610/1453—Sprayers or atomisers; Arrangement thereof in the exhaust apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine having an exhaust line for guiding a hot exhaust stream and an injection device for introducing a fluid, in particular a water-urea mixture or a liquid fuel, in the exhaust stream, wherein the injection device at least one opening into the exhaust strands Injector includes.
  • nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the exhaust gas must be reduced.
  • a known possibility is to reduce the nitrogen oxides in a so-called selective catalytic reduction (SCR) to nitrogen and water. This is done in a so-called SCR catalyst using a reducing agent injected into the exhaust gas.
  • SCR catalyst using a reducing agent injected into the exhaust gas.
  • a water-urea mixture can be used, the urea decomposes in the exhaust gas to ammonia, which reacts with the nitrogen oxides.
  • liquid fuel in the form of different hydrocarbon compounds (HC) can also be injected into the exhaust gas.
  • a jacket body is arranged in the exhaust gas line, the jacket surface of which at least partially surrounds an injection region of the injection nozzle, wherein at least one passage opening for the exhaust gas is provided in the jacket surface.
  • a core idea of the invention is to protect the injection region from direct flow through the exhaust gas.
  • the jacket body is placed around the injection area. Due to the passage opening, part of the exhaust gas can reach the interior of the jacket body, into which the fluid, for example the water-urea mixture, is injected. As a result, the exhaust gas mixes with the injected fluid, without the fluid being pressed by the exhaust gas pressure against a pipe wall of the exhaust system.
  • the jacket body can connect directly to the injector, so that exhaust gas can only reach the inside of the jacket body via the jacket surface. But it can also have a distance from the injection device, so that exhaust gas can in principle also pass from the inlet side into the jacket body.
  • the injection is preferably close to the wall, in particular in the region of a bend of an exhaust pipe of the exhaust system. The injection can also be done elsewhere and also axially.
  • a cone may be provided as the jacket body, which expands starting from the injection device.
  • a cylinder could also be provided as a jacket body.
  • Fig. 1 shows a portion of an exhaust system according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2 shows a arranged in the exhaust system according to FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 shows a jacket body according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 4 shows a jacket body according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 5 shows a jacket body according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • the section 1 shows the basic structure of a section 1 of an inventive exhaust system with injector 2.
  • the section 1 consists of an angled pipe section 3.
  • the injector 2 is configured in a known manner and opens in the corner 4 in the pipe section 3.
  • the injection device 2 is arranged as a jacket body, a cone 5, which widens starting from the injection device 2 in the injection direction I.
  • a swirl turbine 6 is inserted in the pipe section 3. This is designed in a known manner for swirling the exhaust gas flow. 2 to 5 different embodiments of the cone 5 of Fig. 1 are shown.
  • a longitudinal slot 7 is provided as a passage opening for the exhaust gas in the lateral surface.
  • the longitudinal slot 7 may have a continuous width over its length. But it can also be extended in one way or another.
  • a perforation 8 is provided with a plurality of holes 9 in the lateral surface of the cone 5.
  • the perforation 8 preferably extends over a quarter of the circumference of the cone 5.
  • the cone 5 is preferably arranged in the exhaust gas flow, that the perforation 8 comprises half of the surface of the cone 5 acted upon by the exhaust gas flow.
  • an advantageous turbulence is generated in the cone 5.
  • the cone 5 is provided with a protuberance-shaped protuberance 10, which is guided around the cone axis III.
  • the cross section of the protuberance 10 tapers from the inlet opening 1 1 on the outside of the cone 5 to the other end of the protuberance 10. This ensures that the exhaust gas that has entered via the protuberance 10 is continuously discharged into the interior of the cone 5.
  • the exhaust system By the exhaust system according to the invention dead water areas are avoided in the field of injection.
  • the formation of droplets takes place within the cone 5. Due to the separation of the exhaust gas flow outside and inside the cone 5, no dead water areas arise within the cone 5.
  • the exhaust gas stream flows laterally onto the jacket surface of the jacket body 5.
  • the jacket body 5 is located within the exhaust gas stream, preferably completely within the exhaust gas stream. Due to the decoupling of the dosing of the exhaust stream and a largely load point independent centering of the metering jet is given to the subsequent swirl turbine 6. The effectiveness of the swirl turbine 6 can be advantageously increased.
  • the opening angle of the cone 5 is preferably greater than the opening angle of the metering jet.

Abstract

An exhaust system of an internal combustion engine comprises an exhaust tract for conducting a hot exhaust-gas flow and an injection device for introducing a fluid into the exhaust-gas flow. The injection device comprises at least one injection nozzle which opens into the exhaust tract. In the exhaust tract there is arranged a casing body, the lateral surface of which at least partially surrounds an injection region of the injection nozzle, wherein in the lateral surface there is provided at least one passage opening for the exhaust gas.

Description

Abgasanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine  Exhaust system of an internal combustion engine
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Abgasanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Abgasstrang zum Führen eines heißen Abgasstroms und einer Einspritzeinrichtung zum Einbringen eines Fluids, insbesondere eines Wasser-Harnstoff-Gemisches oder eines Flüssigkraftstoffs, in den Abgasstrom, wobei die Einspritzeinrichtung wenigstens eine in den Abgas- sträng mündende Einspritzdüse umfasst. The present invention relates to an exhaust system of an internal combustion engine having an exhaust line for guiding a hot exhaust stream and an injection device for introducing a fluid, in particular a water-urea mixture or a liquid fuel, in the exhaust stream, wherein the injection device at least one opening into the exhaust strands Injector includes.
Aufgrund strenger werdender Abgasvorschriften für Verbrennungsmotoren müssen Stickoxide (NOx) im Abgas reduziert werden. Eine bekannte Möglichkeit besteht darin, die Stickoxide in einer so genannten selektiven katalytischen Reduktion (SCR) zu Stickstoff und Wasser zu reduzieren. Dies erfolgt in einem so genannten SCR-Katalysator unter Verwendung eines in das Abgas eingespritzten Reduktionsmittels. Hierfür kann insbesondere ein Wasser-Harnstoff-Gemisch verwendet werden, dessen Harnstoff im Abgas zu Ammoniak zerfällt, das mit den Stickoxiden reagiert. Des Weiteren kann auch Flüssigkraftstoff in Form unterschiedlicher Kohlenwasserstoffverbindungen (HC) in das Abgas eingespritzt werden. Due to stricter exhaust gas regulations for internal combustion engines, nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the exhaust gas must be reduced. A known possibility is to reduce the nitrogen oxides in a so-called selective catalytic reduction (SCR) to nitrogen and water. This is done in a so-called SCR catalyst using a reducing agent injected into the exhaust gas. For this purpose, in particular a water-urea mixture can be used, the urea decomposes in the exhaust gas to ammonia, which reacts with the nitrogen oxides. Furthermore, liquid fuel in the form of different hydrocarbon compounds (HC) can also be injected into the exhaust gas.
Wünschenswert ist bei derartigen Reduktionsverfahren grundsätzlich, dass einerseits das Reduktionsmittel möglichst gleichmäßig mit dem Ab- gas vermischt wird und andererseits eine möglichst vollständige Verdampfung bzw. Thermolyse des flüssigen Reduktionsmittels erzielt wird, um einen hohen Wirkungsgrad bei der Reduktion sowie einen ablagerungsfreien Betrieb zu erreichen. Eine Abgasanlage der genannten Art ist beispielsweise aus der DE 10 2008 059 602 AI bekannt. Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine derartige Abgasanlage zu verbessern. Insbesondere sollen Ablagerungen in Totwassergebieten vermieden werden. It is desirable in such reduction methods in principle that, on the one hand, the reducing agent is mixed as uniformly as possible with the exhaust gas and, on the other hand, as complete as possible an evaporation or thermolysis of the liquid reducing agent is achieved, in order to achieve high efficiency in the reduction as well as a deposit-free operation. An exhaust system of the type mentioned is known for example from DE 10 2008 059 602 AI. The invention has for its object to improve such an exhaust system. In particular, deposits in dead water areas should be avoided.
Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt durch eine Abgasanlage mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1. The solution of this object is achieved by an exhaust system with the features of claim 1.
Erfindungsgemäß ist in dem Abgasstrang ein Mantelkörper angeordnet, dessen Mantelfläche einen Einspritzbereich der Einspritzdüse zumindest teilweise umgibt, wobei in der Mantelfläche mindestens eine Durchtrittsöffnung für das Abgas vorgesehen ist. According to the invention, a jacket body is arranged in the exhaust gas line, the jacket surface of which at least partially surrounds an injection region of the injection nozzle, wherein at least one passage opening for the exhaust gas is provided in the jacket surface.
Ein Kerngedanke der Erfindung besteht darin, den Einspritzbereich vor einer direkten Anströmung durch das Abgas zu schützen. Hierfür wird der Mantelkörper um den Einspritzbereich gelegt. Aufgrund der Durchtrittsöffnung kann ein Teil des Abgases in das Innere des Mantelkörpers gelangen, in das auch das Fluid, beispielsweise das Wasser-Harnstoff-Gemisch, eingespritzt wird. Dadurch durchmischt sich das Abgas mit dem einge- spritzten Fluid, ohne dass das Fluid durch den Abgasdruck an eine Rohrwand der Abgasanlage gedrückt wird. A core idea of the invention is to protect the injection region from direct flow through the exhaust gas. For this purpose, the jacket body is placed around the injection area. Due to the passage opening, part of the exhaust gas can reach the interior of the jacket body, into which the fluid, for example the water-urea mixture, is injected. As a result, the exhaust gas mixes with the injected fluid, without the fluid being pressed by the exhaust gas pressure against a pipe wall of the exhaust system.
Der Mantelkörper kann direkt an die Einspritzvorrichtung anschließen, so dass Abgas nur über die Mantelfläche in das Innere des Mantelkörpers gelangen kann. Er kann aber auch einen Abstand zur Einspritzeinrichtung aufweisen, so dass Abgas grundsätzlich auch von der Eintrittsseite her in den Mantelkörper gelangen kann. Die Einspritzung erfolgt bevorzugt wandnah, insbesondere im Bereich einer Abwinkelung eines Abgasrohres der Abgasanlage. Die Einspritzung kann aber auch an anderer Stelle und auch axial erfolgen. The jacket body can connect directly to the injector, so that exhaust gas can only reach the inside of the jacket body via the jacket surface. But it can also have a distance from the injection device, so that exhaust gas can in principle also pass from the inlet side into the jacket body. The injection is preferably close to the wall, in particular in the region of a bend of an exhaust pipe of the exhaust system. The injection can also be done elsewhere and also axially.
Als Durchtrittsöffnungen der Mantelfläche des Mantelkörpers kommen Schlitze und Lochungen in Betracht. Auch Langlöcher oder sonstige Durchtrittsöffnungen können vorgesehen werden. As through openings of the lateral surface of the jacket body slots and perforations come into consideration. Even slots or other openings can be provided.
Als Mantelkörper kann insbesondere ein Konus vorgesehen sein, der sich ausgehend von der Einspritzeinrichtung erweitert. Je nach Anwendung könnte auch ein Zylinder als Mantelkörper vorgesehen sein. In particular, a cone may be provided as the jacket body, which expands starting from the injection device. Depending on the application, a cylinder could also be provided as a jacket body.
Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind auch in den abhängigen Ansprüchen, der Beschreibung sowie den beigefügten Zeichnungen angegeben. Further developments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims, the description and the accompanying drawings.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend beispielhaft unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen beschrieben. The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 zeigt einen Abschnitt einer erfindungsgemäßen Abgasanlage. Fig. 1 shows a portion of an exhaust system according to the invention.
Fig. 2 zeigt einen in der Abgasanlage gemäß Fig. 1 angeordneten Fig. 2 shows a arranged in the exhaust system according to FIG. 1
Mantelkörper gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform der Erfin dung. Fig. 3 zeigt einen Mantelkörper gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungs form der Erfindung.  Sheath body according to a first embodiment of the inven tion. Fig. 3 shows a jacket body according to a second embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 4 zeigt einen Mantelkörper gemäß einer dritten Ausführungs form der Erfindung. Fig. 5 zeigt einen Mantelkörper gemäß einer vierten Ausführungsform der Erfindung. Fig. 4 shows a jacket body according to a third embodiment of the invention. Fig. 5 shows a jacket body according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 1 zeigt den grundsätzlichen Aufbau eines Abschnitts 1 einer erfin- dungsgemäßen Abgasanlage mit Einspritzeinrichtung 2. Der Abschnitt 1 besteht aus einem abgewinkelten Rohrstück 3. Die Einspritzeinrichtung 2 ist in bekannter Weise ausgestaltet und mündet im Eckbereich 4 in das Rohrstück 3. Vor der Austrittsöffnung der Einspritzeinrichtung 2 ist als Mantelkörper ein Konus 5 angeordnet, der sich ausgehend von der Ein- spritzeinrichtung 2 in Einspritzrichtung I erweitert. In Abgasstromrichtung II gesehen stromab der Einspritzeinrichtung 2 ist in dem Rohrstück 3 eine Drallturbine 6 eingesetzt. Diese ist in bekannter Weise zur Verwir- belung des Abgasstroms ausgebildet. In den Fig. 2 bis 5 sind verschiedene Ausgestaltungen des Konus 5 von Fig. 1 dargestellt. Bei dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Konus ist in der Mantelfläche ein Längsschlitz 7 als Durchtrittsöffnung für das Abgas vorgesehen. Der Längsschlitz 7 kann eine kontinuierliche Breite über seine Länge aufweisen. Er kann aber auch in der einen oder anderen Richtung erweitert sein. 1 shows the basic structure of a section 1 of an inventive exhaust system with injector 2. The section 1 consists of an angled pipe section 3. The injector 2 is configured in a known manner and opens in the corner 4 in the pipe section 3. Before the outlet opening The injection device 2 is arranged as a jacket body, a cone 5, which widens starting from the injection device 2 in the injection direction I. In the exhaust gas flow direction II seen downstream of the injector 2, a swirl turbine 6 is inserted in the pipe section 3. This is designed in a known manner for swirling the exhaust gas flow. 2 to 5 different embodiments of the cone 5 of Fig. 1 are shown. In the cone shown in Fig. 2, a longitudinal slot 7 is provided as a passage opening for the exhaust gas in the lateral surface. The longitudinal slot 7 may have a continuous width over its length. But it can also be extended in one way or another.
Bei der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Variante ist in der Mantelfläche des Konus 5 eine Lochung 8 mit einer Mehrzahl von Löchern 9 vorgesehen. Die Lochung 8 erstreckt sich bevorzugt über ein Viertel des Umfangs des Konus 5. Der Konus 5 wird bevorzugt so im Abgasstrom angeordnet, dass die Lochung 8 die Hälfte der vom Abgasstrom beaufschlagten Mantelfläche des Konus 5 umfasst. Dadurch wird in dem Konus 5 eine vorteilhafte Verwirbelung erzeugt. Bei der in Fig. 4 dargestellten Variante ist der Konus 5 mit einer hutzen- förmigen Ausstülpung 10 versehen, die um die Konusachse III herumgeführt ist. Der Querschnitt der Ausstülpung 10 verjüngt sich von der Eintrittsöffnung 1 1 auf der Außenseite des Konus 5 bis zum anderen Ende der Ausstülpung 10. Dadurch wird erreicht, dass das über die Ausstülpung 10 eingetretene Abgas kontinuierlich in das Innere des Konus 5 abgegeben wird. In the variant shown in Fig. 3, a perforation 8 is provided with a plurality of holes 9 in the lateral surface of the cone 5. The perforation 8 preferably extends over a quarter of the circumference of the cone 5. The cone 5 is preferably arranged in the exhaust gas flow, that the perforation 8 comprises half of the surface of the cone 5 acted upon by the exhaust gas flow. As a result, an advantageous turbulence is generated in the cone 5. In the variant shown in FIG. 4, the cone 5 is provided with a protuberance-shaped protuberance 10, which is guided around the cone axis III. The cross section of the protuberance 10 tapers from the inlet opening 1 1 on the outside of the cone 5 to the other end of the protuberance 10. This ensures that the exhaust gas that has entered via the protuberance 10 is continuously discharged into the interior of the cone 5.
Bei der in Fig. 5 dargestellten Variante ist auf zwei gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Konus 5 jeweils ein Schlitz 12 vorhanden. Dadurch können Rückströmungen des Abgases innerhalb des Konus 5 vermieden werden. In the variant shown in Fig. 5 is on two opposite sides of the cone 5 each have a slot 12 is present. As a result, backflows of the exhaust gas within the cone 5 can be avoided.
Durch die erfindungsgemäße Abgasanlage werden Totwassergebiete im Bereich der Einspritzung vermieden. Die Tröpfchenbildung erfolgt inner- halb des Konus 5. Durch die Abtrennung des Abgasstromes außerhalb und innerhalb des Konus 5 entstehen innerhalb des Konus 5 keine Totwassergebiete. Der Abgasstrom strömt seitlich auf die Mantelfläche des Mantelkörpers 5. Hierfür befindet sich der Mantelkörper 5 innerhalb des Abgasstromes, bevorzugt vollständig innerhalb des Abgasstromes. Durch die Abkopplung des Dosierbereichs vom Abgasstrom ist auch eine weitgehend lastpunktunabhängige Zentrierung des Dosierstrahls auf die nachfolgende Drallturbine 6 gegeben. Die Wirksamkeit der Drallturbine 6 kann dadurch vorteilhaft erhöht werden. Der Öffnungswinkel des Konus 5 ist bevorzugt größer als der Öffnungswinkel des Dosierstrahls. Bezugszeichenliste By the exhaust system according to the invention dead water areas are avoided in the field of injection. The formation of droplets takes place within the cone 5. Due to the separation of the exhaust gas flow outside and inside the cone 5, no dead water areas arise within the cone 5. The exhaust gas stream flows laterally onto the jacket surface of the jacket body 5. For this purpose, the jacket body 5 is located within the exhaust gas stream, preferably completely within the exhaust gas stream. Due to the decoupling of the dosing of the exhaust stream and a largely load point independent centering of the metering jet is given to the subsequent swirl turbine 6. The effectiveness of the swirl turbine 6 can be advantageously increased. The opening angle of the cone 5 is preferably greater than the opening angle of the metering jet. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
I Abschnitt der Abgasanlage I section of the exhaust system
2 Einspritzeinrichtung 2 injection device
3 Rohrstück  3 pipe section
4 Eckbereich  4 corner area
5 Konus  5 cone
6 Drallturbine  6 swirl turbine
7 Längsschlitz 7 longitudinal slot
8 Lochung  8 holes
9 Loch  9 holes
10 Ausstülpung  10 protuberance
I I Eintrittsöffnung  I I entrance opening
12 Schlitz 12 slot
I Einspritzrichtung I injection direction
11 Abgasstromrichtung  11 exhaust gas flow direction
III Konusachse III cone axis

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
Abgasanlage einer Brennkraftmaschine, mit Exhaust system of an internal combustion engine, with
einem Abgasstrang (1) zum Führen eines heißen Abgasstroms und einer Einspritzeinrichtung (2) zum Einbringen eines Fluids, insbesondere eines Wasser-Harnstoff-Gemisches oder eines Flüssigkraftstoffs, in den Abgasstrom, wobei die Einspritzeinrichtung (2) wenigstens eine in den Abgasstrang (1) mündende Einspritzdüse umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass an exhaust line (1) for guiding a hot exhaust stream and an injection device (2) for introducing a fluid, in particular a water-urea mixture or a liquid fuel, into the exhaust gas flow, wherein the injection device (2) at least one into the exhaust line (1) comprises opening injection nozzle, characterized in that
in dem Abgasstrang (1) ein Mantelkörper (5) angeordnet ist, dessen Mantelfläche einen im Abgasstrom befindlichen Einspritzbereich der Einspritzdüse zumindest teilweise umgibt, wobei in der Mantelfläche mindestens eine Durchtrittsöffnung (7, 8, 9, 11, 12) für das Abgas vorgesehen ist. in the exhaust line (1) a jacket body (5) is arranged, whose lateral surface at least partially surrounds an injection region of the injection nozzle located in the exhaust stream, wherein in the lateral surface at least one passage opening (7, 8, 9, 11, 12) is provided for the exhaust gas ,
Abgasanlage nach Anspruch 1 , Exhaust system according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
der Mantelkörper (5) direkt an die Einspritzvorrichtung (2) anschließt. the jacket body (5) connects directly to the injection device (2).
Abgasanlage nach Anspruch 1 , Exhaust system according to claim 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
der Mantelkörper (5) von der Einspritzeinrichtung (2) beabstandet angeordnet ist. Abgasanlage nach zumindest einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass the jacket body (5) is arranged at a distance from the injection device (2). Exhaust system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
der Mantelkörper (5) derart in dem Abgasstrang (1) angeordnet ist, dass der Abgasstrom seitlich auf die Mantelfläche des Mantelkörpers (5) auftrifft.  the jacket body (5) is arranged in the exhaust gas line (1) such that the exhaust gas stream impinges laterally on the jacket surface of the jacket body (5).
5. Abgasanlage nach zumindest einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 5. Exhaust system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
der Mantelkörper (5) derart in dem Abgasstrang (1) angeordnet ist, dass er sich während des Betriebs der Brennkraftmaschine vollständig innerhalb des Abgasstromes befindet. 6. Abgasanlage nach zumindest einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  the sheath body (5) is arranged in the exhaust line (1) such that it is completely within the exhaust gas flow during operation of the internal combustion engine. 6. Exhaust system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
die Einspritzdüse in einem wandnahen Bereich des Abgasstrangs (1) und insbesondere im Bereich einer Abwinkelung (4) des Abgasstrangs (1) angeordnet ist, wobei die Abgasanlage vorzugsweise eine Mischeinrichtung zur Durchmischung des Abgas-Fluid-Gemischs umfasst und die Einspritzdüse stromaufwärts der Mischeinrichtung in den Abgasstrang (1) mündet.  the injection nozzle is arranged in a wall region of the exhaust line (1) and in particular in the region of a bend (4) of the exhaust line (1), wherein the exhaust system preferably comprises a mixing device for mixing the exhaust fluid mixture and the injection nozzle upstream of the mixing device in the exhaust line (1) opens.
Abgasanlage nach zumindest einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Exhaust system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
als Durchtrittsöffnung für das Abgas ein Längsschlitz (7, 12) in der Mantelfläche vorgesehen ist, wobei der Längsschlitz (7, 12) insbesondere eine gleichmäßige Breite über seine gesamte Länge aufweist. as a passage opening for the exhaust gas, a longitudinal slot (7, 12) is provided in the lateral surface, wherein the longitudinal slot (7, 12) in particular has a uniform width over its entire length.
8. Abgasanlage nach Anspruch 7, 8. Exhaust system according to claim 7,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
als Durchtrittsöffnung für das Abgas zwei Längsschlitze (12) vorgesehen sind, welche an entgegengesetzten Seiten der Mantelfläche des Mantelkörpers (5) angeordnet sind.  as a passage opening for the exhaust gas two longitudinal slots (12) are provided, which are arranged on opposite sides of the lateral surface of the jacket body (5).
9. Abgasanlage nach zumindest einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass 9. Exhaust system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
als Durchtrittsöffnung für das Abgas eine Lochung (8) in der Mantelfläche vorgesehen ist, welche mehrere, insbesondere gleichartige, Löcher (9) umfasst. 10. Abgasanlage nach Anspruch 9,  as a passage opening for the exhaust gas, a perforation (8) is provided in the lateral surface, which comprises a plurality, in particular similar, holes (9). 10. Exhaust system according to claim 9,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
sich die Lochung (8) über etwa ein Viertel des Umfangs der Mantelfläche erstreckt. 11. Abgasanlage nach Anspruch 9 oder 10,  the perforation (8) extends over approximately one quarter of the circumference of the lateral surface. 11. Exhaust system according to claim 9 or 10,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass  characterized in that
der Mantelkörper (5) derart in dem Abgasstrang (1) angeordnet ist, dass sich die Lochung (8) über etwa die Hälfte des von dem Abgasstrom beaufschlagten Abschnitts der Mantelfläche erstreckt.  the jacket body (5) is arranged in the exhaust line (1) in such a way that the perforation (8) extends over approximately half of the section of the jacket surface acted on by the exhaust gas flow.
Abgasanlage nach zumindest einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Exhaust system according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that
der Mantelkörper ein Konus (5) ist, der sich ausgehend von der Ein spritzeinrichtung (2) in Einspritzrichtung (I) erweitert. Abgasanlage nach Anspruch 12, the sheath body is a cone (5) extending from the injection device A (2) in the injection direction (I). Exhaust system according to claim 12,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
der Öffnungswinkel des Konus (5) größer ist als der Öffnungswinkel des von der Einspritzdüse abgegebenen Dosierstrahls. the opening angle of the cone (5) is greater than the opening angle of the metering jet emitted by the injection nozzle.
Abgasanlage nach Anspruch 12 oder 13, Exhaust system according to claim 12 or 13,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
der Konus (5) eine um die Konusachse (III) herumgeführte, insbesondere hutzenförmige, Ausstülpung (10) aufweist, welche an einem Ende eine Eintrittsöffnung (11) bildet. the cone (5) has a protuberance (10) which is guided around the cone axis (III), in particular a hat-shaped one, which forms an inlet opening (11) at one end.
Abgasanlage nach Anspruch 14, Exhaust system according to claim 14,
dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass characterized in that
sich der Querschnitt der Ausstülpung (10) von einer Eintrittsöffnung (11) an der Außenseite des Konus (5) bis zum anderen Ende der Ausstülpung (10) verjüngt. the cross-section of the protuberance (10) tapers from an inlet opening (11) on the outside of the cone (5) to the other end of the protuberance (10).
PCT/EP2012/053790 2011-03-08 2012-03-06 Exhaust system of an internal combustion engine WO2012120000A1 (en)

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