WO2012117272A2 - Procédé et appareil permettant d'extraire de l'énergie issue du mouvement de fluides - Google Patents

Procédé et appareil permettant d'extraire de l'énergie issue du mouvement de fluides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012117272A2
WO2012117272A2 PCT/IB2011/003353 IB2011003353W WO2012117272A2 WO 2012117272 A2 WO2012117272 A2 WO 2012117272A2 IB 2011003353 W IB2011003353 W IB 2011003353W WO 2012117272 A2 WO2012117272 A2 WO 2012117272A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
erin
turbine
exposed area
fluid motion
blade
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2011/003353
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO2012117272A3 (fr
Inventor
William Lange
Original Assignee
William Lange
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by William Lange filed Critical William Lange
Priority to PCT/IB2011/003353 priority Critical patent/WO2012117272A2/fr
Publication of WO2012117272A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012117272A2/fr
Publication of WO2012117272A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012117272A3/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D3/066—Rotors characterised by their construction elements the wind engaging parts being movable relative to the rotor
    • F03D3/067—Cyclic movements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B17/00—Other machines or engines
    • F03B17/06—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head"
    • F03B17/062—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction
    • F03B17/065—Other machines or engines using liquid flow with predominantly kinetic energy conversion, e.g. of swinging-flap type, "run-of-river", "ultra-low head" with rotation axis substantially at right angle to flow direction the flow engaging parts having a cyclic movement relative to the rotor during its rotation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2210/00—Working fluid
    • F05B2210/16—Air or water being indistinctly used as working fluid, i.e. the machine can work equally with air or water without any modification
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/20—Rotors
    • F05B2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
    • F05B2240/31—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor of changeable form or shape
    • F05B2240/311—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor of changeable form or shape flexible or elastic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • This disclosure relates to extracting energy from fluid motion. More particularly there is presented a Fluid Motion Energy Extraction Device, FMEED, for converting fluid that is in motion in relation to the FM EED into electrical energy.
  • FMEED Fluid Motion Energy Extraction Device
  • Fluid Motion Energy Extraction Devices in the form of wind turbines are divided into two operational categories: Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines, HAWT, and Vertical Axis Wind Turbines, VAWT.
  • HAWTs are movable axis wind turbines.
  • Whi le VAWT are fixed axis wind turbines.
  • Wind turbines comprise blades that interact with moving fluids, in this case the wind, to extract the fluid motion energy.
  • the blades and other rotational masses that accompany the blades can be referred to as the turbine disc.
  • FlAWTs are called Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines because of the relative orientation of their axis of rotation as being horizontal to the surface of the earth. HAWT may also be described as having the axis of rotation operational in a similar geometric plane as the plane in which the fluid is in motion or in this case the wind.
  • HAWT designs require special design considerations to enable changes i n alignment of the axis of rotation so that the axis can be made paral lel to the fluid flow- direction. Only when the axis of rotation is moved or aligned, so that it is made to be parallel to the wind, are the turbine blades properly presented to the wind so that the HAWT may operate. Sophisticated electronics, many sensors and large precise costly motors are required to move the HAWT just to achieve basic operation.
  • VAWT designs are called Vertical axis wind turbines because of the relative orientation of their axis of rotation as perpendicular to the surface of the earth or vertical. VAWT may also be described as having the axis of rotation operational perpendicular to the plane in which the fluid is flowing.
  • VAWT designs can be further divided into two general categories which refer to how the blades interact with the wind, Li ft and Drag.
  • Lift VAWT rely on special aerodynamic qualities of the airbine blade design to enable rotation slightly faster than the prevailing wind speeds.
  • Drag designs rotate at or slightly slower than the prevai ling wind speed.
  • An apparatus for extracting fluid motion energy comprising one or more blades.
  • Each blade comprising one or more vanes.
  • Each vane having an exposed area.
  • the exposed area when impinged by fluid motion, that is generally in the direction of the movement of a blade is larger than the exposed area when not impinged by fluid motion.
  • the exposed area when impinged by fluid motion, that is generally opposing the direction of the movement of the blade is smaller than the exposed area when not impinged by fluid motion.
  • Figure 1 is a drawing of a wind farm depicting Fluid Motion Energy Extraction
  • FMEEDs in the form of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines. HAWTs. and Vertical Axis Wind Turbines, VAWTs which are depicted in the manner of the instant disclosure and will be referred to as the Erin Turbine;
  • Figure 3 is a drawing of one Erin Turbine
  • Figure 4 is a closer view of a three blade Erin Turbine
  • Figure 5 is a cross section view of one blade of an Erin Turbine
  • Figure 6 is a drawing one blade of the Erin Turbine and the relative fluid motion forces acting on the blade.
  • VAWT 120 Operational in Wind Farm 100 are Fluid Motion Energy Extraction Devices, FMEEDs in the form of Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines, HAVVT, 1 10 and Vertical Axis Wind Turbines, VAWT 120.
  • FMEEDs Fluid Motion Energy Extraction Devices
  • HAVVT Horizontal Axis Wind Turbines
  • VAWT 120 is depicted as described in the instant disclosure and hereafter will be referred to as the Erin Turbine.
  • Turbine 120 comprises adaptability to a wide range of levels of sophistication. In a simplified or less sophisticated form the Erin Turbine 120 is very inexpensive, can be made using materials on hand and can be operated and maintained without complex expensive procedures or personnel training. In a more sophisticated form, many parameters of the Erin Turbine 120 can be controlled, adjusted and monitored. The discussion here addresses a generally moderate level of sophistication and should in no way be considered limiting to the disclosure. [0021 1 Those of skill in the art would understand that the Erin Turbine 1 20 is adaptable to operate in many different fluids. The discussion addresses using the Erin Turbine 1 20 in a wind farm 100. The energy of our atmosphere or air, a fluid, which has been put into motion by atmospheric conditions, is the energy the FMEEDs use to extract and convert to electrical energy. This should in no way be considered limiting as to the type of fluid in which the Erin Turbine 1 20 is operable.
  • Figure 2 shows a set of four Erin Turbines 120 similar to those indicated in wind farm 100. Erin Turbines 120 are connected by shaft 200. Shaft 200 may be one piece or segmented into many pieces. Shaft 200 connects Erin Turbines 1 20 by way of transmissions 2 10. Energy transmitted through shaft 200 culminates into output 250. Output 250 is delivered to energy conversion equipment 260.
  • Turbine 120 can be distributed in many forms comprising direct attachment to other devises where the captured energy is directly used. This direct connection uses the converted energy without an intermediate conversion to electricity.
  • the Erin Turbine 1 20 may be directly connected to an irrigation pump.
  • the Erin Turbine 1 20 can be positioned in a diverse way across a wind farm 100.
  • the Erin Turbine 1 20 can stand alone or be operationally connected to other Erin Turbines.
  • the Erin Turbines 1 20 can be located varying distances between each other.
  • the number of groupings and number of FMEEDs in each group of Erin Turbines 120 can be adjusted. Relative elevations can be different. Relative angles between Erin Turbines 120 can be diverse also.
  • the rotational axis of each Erin Turbine can be adjusted in relation to the earth to place the rotational axis perpendicular to the average prevail ing air flow.
  • FIG. 3 shows one Erin Turbine 120 in more detail.
  • Structure 300 supports axis shaft 310 such that axis shaft 3 10 can rotate.
  • Transmission 210 enables redirection of the rotation of axis shaft 3 1.0 to another plane of rotation.
  • Disconnect brake 330 positioned on axis shaft 3 10 enables stopping of rotation of the turbine disc or upper portion of Erin Turbine 1 20 and temporary disconnection of axis shaft 310 with the turbine disc or the upper portion of Erin Turbine 120. This disconnection would facilitate maintenance efforts with regard to the turbine disc. The disconnection would also allow maintenance to be performed on one Erin Turbine 120 without intemiption of service for the group of Erin Turbines to which Erin Turbine 120 is operationally connected.
  • Turbine blades 350 are operationally connected to shaft 310.
  • Structure 300 has multiple legs with a wider stance at the bottom to enhance stability. Rotation of axis shaft 3 10 is transferred to ground level for distribution by way of axis shaft 3 10. Since multiple Erin Turbines 120 can be operationally connected, many Erin Turbines 120 can be positioned across a wind farm 100 without a corresponding increase in cost due to the number of generators used. Therefore the number of points of possible energy extraction for a given wind farm 100 in relation to the overall cost of the wind farm 100 can be increased. By having more turbines economically available a wind farm can extract more energy than would have been possible with fewer wind turbines.
  • Erin Turbine 120 is unaffected by changes in wind direction.
  • the turbine disc comprised of blades 350 rotates in a horizontal plane or within the plane in which the wind is blowing.
  • the Erin Turbine 120 is operational with fluid impinging the blades at any point 360 degrees around the turbine disc.
  • Erin Turbine 120 rotational axis can stay generally fixed during operation.
  • Rotating blade assemblies or turbine discs act like gyroscopes.
  • the physical properties of gyroscopes can be described as having a tendency to resist any force imposed on the gyroscope to change the alignment of the rotational axis. Rotational speed, total mass and distribution of mass across the spinning disc contribute to the magnitude of the forces required to alter the alignment of the axis of rotation. Since the Erin Turbine 120 turbine disc is generally fixed on one plane, the gyroscopic effect of the turbine disc of Erin Turbine 120 tends to resist changes in axis orientation. These forces work to stabilize the Erin Turbine 120 structure during gusty wind conditions or during wind direction changing conditions.
  • FIG. 4 shows in more detail the blades of Erin Turbine 120 where three blades are used in the design.
  • One or more blades can be used for an Erin Turbine 1 20.
  • Blades 350 are shown attached commonly to a central hub 405. The direction of rotation of Erin Turbine 120 can be easily reversed by rotating each blade 1 80 degrees at the attachment point with hub 405.
  • FIG. 5 shows in more detail cross section of Blade 35.0.
  • blade 350 is similar to a wedge when viewed in cross section.
  • the at rest position is designated at A.
  • One or more vanes 550 can be used. Here two vanes 550 are shown.
  • the edge of blade 350 with the vanes 550 is considered the rear.
  • the edge at the front of the tip of the "v" in the generally wedge shape is considered the front.
  • each blade is designed to partially spread open on the downwind portion of each rotation or when the wind is hitting the blade 350 from the rear. Wind direction is indicated by X.. This position is designated as position C.
  • each blade 350 are designed to partial flex closed on the upwind portion of each rotation when the wind is hitting the front of the blade 350.
  • Wind direction I Sindicated by Y. This position is designated as position B.
  • the vanes 550 flex open and closed creating a change of cross sectional exposure to the prevailing wind.
  • the area that the fluid impinges on the blades is called the total exposed area.
  • the total exposed area is directly related to the exposed area of the vanes.
  • the vanes 550 flex outward because they are being pushed on by the wind from the rear, the exposed area is larger than when the vanes are at static state or there is no wind. And when the vanes 550 flex inward because they are being pushed on by the wind from the front the exposed area is smaller than at static state.
  • the fluid force exerted on an object is related to the size of the object.
  • the force exerted by the wind on the blades 350 of the Erin Turbine 120 will be related to the size of the exposed area for the blades 350. Since the exposed area is larger on one side of the Erin Turbine 120 and smaller on the other side of the Erin Turbine 1 20 when the wind blows, there is a differential in force about the rotational ax is making the Erin Turbine 1 20 rotate.
  • the wind impinges the blades 350 in the same plane of rotation of the turbine disc there is efficient use of the wind energy to apply force to the blades 350.
  • the force exerted along the length of the blades 350 creates torque which then rotates the disc. In this regard the Erin Tubine 120 is robust with regard to torque.
  • Figure 6 shows the change in exposed area of blade 350 due to interaction with the wind.
  • Representation A shows how the vanes react when there is no wind.
  • Representation B shows how the vanes react when the wind impinges blade 350 from the front.
  • Representation C shows how the vanes react when the wind impinges blade 350 from the rear.
  • the Erin Turbine 1 20 is self regulating in speed of rotation.
  • the degree of flexibility and the speed of flexibility of vanes 550 and therefore of blade 350 are determined by the material used for the vanes and by the design. Therefore design considerations and material selection set the speed at which the Erin Turbine will rotate for a given wind speed. In this regard the speed of rotation is self governing.

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil pour extraire de l'énergie issue du mouvement de fluides, lequel appareil comprend une ou plusieurs pales. Chaque pale comprend une ou plusieurs aubes. Chaque aube ayant une surface exposée. Lorsqu'elle est frappée par le mouvement des fluides, généralement dans le sens de déplacement d'une pale, la surface exposée est plus grande que la surface exposée lorsque cette dernière n'est pas frappée par le mouvement des fluides. Lorsqu'elle est frappée par le mouvement des fluides, généralement dans le sens opposé au déplacement de la pale, la surface exposée est plus petite que la surface exposée lorsque cette dernière n'est pas frappée par le mouvement des fluides.
PCT/IB2011/003353 2011-01-20 2011-01-20 Procédé et appareil permettant d'extraire de l'énergie issue du mouvement de fluides WO2012117272A2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2011/003353 WO2012117272A2 (fr) 2011-01-20 2011-01-20 Procédé et appareil permettant d'extraire de l'énergie issue du mouvement de fluides

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2011/003353 WO2012117272A2 (fr) 2011-01-20 2011-01-20 Procédé et appareil permettant d'extraire de l'énergie issue du mouvement de fluides

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WO2012117272A2 true WO2012117272A2 (fr) 2012-09-07
WO2012117272A3 WO2012117272A3 (fr) 2013-03-07

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3019237A1 (fr) * 2014-03-31 2015-10-02 Univ Aix Marseille Rotor de type savonius
FR3052815A1 (fr) * 2016-06-17 2017-12-22 Robert Belli Turbine a pales escamotables

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1915689A (en) * 1932-08-26 1933-06-27 Irwin T Moore Windmill
US6320273B1 (en) * 2000-02-12 2001-11-20 Otilio Nemec Large vertical-axis variable-pitch wind turbine
US20100080706A1 (en) * 2008-09-26 2010-04-01 Chi Hung Louis Lam Traverse axis fluid turbine with controllable blades
WO2012069905A2 (fr) * 2010-11-22 2012-05-31 Far West Renewable Energy, Corp. Eolienne

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1915689A (en) * 1932-08-26 1933-06-27 Irwin T Moore Windmill
US6320273B1 (en) * 2000-02-12 2001-11-20 Otilio Nemec Large vertical-axis variable-pitch wind turbine
US20100080706A1 (en) * 2008-09-26 2010-04-01 Chi Hung Louis Lam Traverse axis fluid turbine with controllable blades
WO2012069905A2 (fr) * 2010-11-22 2012-05-31 Far West Renewable Energy, Corp. Eolienne

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3019237A1 (fr) * 2014-03-31 2015-10-02 Univ Aix Marseille Rotor de type savonius
WO2015150697A1 (fr) * 2014-03-31 2015-10-08 Université D'aix-Marseille Rotor de type savonius
US10400747B2 (en) 2014-03-31 2019-09-03 Université D'aix-Marseille Savonius rotor
FR3052815A1 (fr) * 2016-06-17 2017-12-22 Robert Belli Turbine a pales escamotables

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