WO2012116416A1 - Procédé, système et appareil pour applications associées à une indication d'usure - Google Patents

Procédé, système et appareil pour applications associées à une indication d'usure Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012116416A1
WO2012116416A1 PCT/AU2012/000225 AU2012000225W WO2012116416A1 WO 2012116416 A1 WO2012116416 A1 WO 2012116416A1 AU 2012000225 W AU2012000225 W AU 2012000225W WO 2012116416 A1 WO2012116416 A1 WO 2012116416A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
protective material
wear
physical property
change
product
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AU2012/000225
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ian Eric GARDNER
Michael Robert Currie
Original Assignee
Bradken Resources Pty Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AU2011900752A external-priority patent/AU2011900752A0/en
Application filed by Bradken Resources Pty Limited filed Critical Bradken Resources Pty Limited
Publication of WO2012116416A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012116416A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/402—Coloured
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2315/00—Other materials containing non-metallic inorganic compounds not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2313/04
    • B32B2315/02—Ceramics
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
    • G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the field of wear resistant materials and more particularly to providing an indication of wear in such materials that form wear products utilised as component parts of machinery and equipment for extracting and handling mineral resources and like raw materials, for example, in the mining and excavation industry.
  • the invention relates to ceramic composite materials used for wear resistance and it will be convenient to hereinafter describe the invention in relation to the use of alumina ceramic plates, tiles or cubes for use in the area of mining and raw materials handling, however it should be appreciated that the invention is not limited to that use, only.
  • Hardened materials traditionally those such as steel and steel alloys, have been used to reduce wear on structural elements of machinery and/or equipment utilised for handling raw resource materials, for example, ores, rocks etcetera, which can be highly abrasive to the equipment by exposure to wear in the form of sliding and/or gouging abrasion from the moving material.
  • Wear products make use of these hardened materials, often in the form of plates, tiles or cubes and are called wear plates, wear tiles etcetera because the material of the plate, tile cube etcetera is selected for its resistance to wear.
  • wear plates, tiles, cubes etcetera and other forms of materials and devices for the purpose of reducing wear in machinery for mining and raw materials handling will be referenced by the term "wear product”.
  • Wear products are also known to be made of other materials, such as rubber and ceramics or may be composites of these materials.
  • Some example equipment which makes use of wear products etcetera include hoppers, bins and chutes used in rock handling equipment and in mineral ore processing.
  • Another example of use of wear products is in their positioning in and around excavating teeth that are disposed on the ground engaging edge of buckets for instance, or at the cutting edge of dredgers.
  • the wear resistant materials of the wear products act as a sacrificial element so that the products are worn rather than the structural portions of the equipment or machinery per se. Generally, the wear products can be readily exchanged once worn, thus extending the life of the working equipment and machinery.
  • Ceramic and composite material wear protection products in comparison to conventional metallic wear products have been known to provide longer wear, improved cost effectiveness and may also reduce certain safety hazards associated with metallic products. They are often used for applications such as mining and related engineering in the form of tiles & cubes.
  • alumina ceramic tiles which comprises Aluminium Oxide (AI2O3) as the substantial component of the material in a wear protection product.
  • Alumina in general, offers a combination of good mechanical properties and electrical properties leading to a wide range of applications. Further, it may be used as an abrasive due to its hardness and as a refractory material due to its high melting point. It is also noted that these properties make alumina ceramic materials suitable for wear protection.
  • alumina can be produced in a range of purities with additives designed to enhance its useful properties.
  • a wide variety of ceramic processing methods can be applied including machining or net shape forming to produce a wide variety of sizes and shapes of component.
  • it can be readily joined to metals or other ceramics using metallising and brazing techniques and can be utilised in weldable and non weldable applications.
  • a method of determining wear of a wear product comprising protective material adapted for lining a machine part, the method comprising the steps of: varying at least one physical property of the protective material as a function of depth from an outer exposed surface of the protective material; remotely sensing a change in the physical property as the outer exposed surface propagates into the protective material in the course of use.
  • the variation in the physical property of the protective material that provides the advantage of the present invention may be brought into effect by a number of means including but not limited to varying the chemical composition of the wear product or providing a change in morphology of the protective material.
  • a wear product comprising a protective material adapted for lining a machine part, the protective material comprising at least one physical property that varies as a function of depth from an outer exposed surface of the protective material, wherein as the outer exposed surface propagates into the material in the course of use a change in the physical property is remotely sensed to provide an indication of wear of the product.
  • the varying physical property comprises one or a combination of: visual appearance; audible perception; mechanical vibration.
  • the step of varying at least one physical property of the protective material comprises one of: a step change in physical property; a gradual change in physical property; a graduated change in physical property.
  • the varying physical property comprises a change in colour of the material.
  • detecting a change in the physical property at the step of remotely sensing may provide an indication that the protective material is: worn to a point where it requires replacement; or worn to a point where it will imminently require replacement.
  • the protective material comprises one or a combination of: a ceramic; a metal; a rubber; a composite ceramic; a composite ceramic including metal or rubber.
  • the protective material forms one of a wear plate; a wear tile; or a wear cube.
  • a wear product in accordance with preferred embodiments is formed such that the variation of the physical property of the protective material occurs at a depth of: between about 50% and 95% of the thickness of the protective material; or between about 60% and 90% of the thickness of the protective material; or about 80% of the thickness of the protective material.
  • a method of fabricating a wear protection product adapted for providing self-indication of its deterioration through use, the method comprising the steps of: introducing powdered protective material comprising a first physical property of a first predetermined volume to a mould; forming a smooth surface of said protective material within said mould; introducing powdered protective material comprising a second physical property upon the smooth surface of protective material; compressing powder in the mould into a predetermined shape to form a one piece green state item with a disparate layered structure; ejecting said green state item from mould; temperature processing said green state item to achieve sufficient physical and mechanical strength for use.
  • embodiments of the present invention stem from the realization that providing a physically varying profile to wear protection materials can provide for readily apparent remote determination of the state of wear of the material by a user at a safe distance from the operating front of machinery and provide a predetermined warning that wear has exceeded or is about to exceed to a preferred extent thus obviating cost and safety drawbacks associated with current methods of determining the extent of wear in wear products.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view which illustrates a wear product in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a side profile view of a wear product in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
  • Protective wear products in the form of ceramic wear liners can be suitable for many different applications. Typically a tile or cube size, shape and layout will be determined by the application's requirements. Wear liners, for instance, can be produced with cylindrical, hexagonal or rectangular ceramics of various sizes and thicknesses to provide optimal protection for equipment. Numerous fixing methods are available to enable installation in many situations and equally when replacing wear products there may be involved procedures to follow so reducing the times it is required to make replacements would be desirable. Wear products such as lining systems etcetera may be provided in rubber, ceramic, ceramic only, rubber only, metal o combinations. These materials can be expensive to replace and more so the time and labour involved in attending to replacement can be significant as can the effects such as down time.
  • Preferred embodiments of the present invention provide solutions that differ from previous attempts of related art noted above by virtue of providing an exclusively visual (or other physical) indication that obviates any need for personnel to intervene in the operations of heavy equipment and the required health and safety measures that this demands.
  • the wear product of preferred embodiments provides for ease of thickness inspection to confidently ensure wear liners are changed out prior to complete failure and possible damage to parent metal.
  • Preferred wear liner materials of embodiments are a significantly less costly alternative to related art mechanisms such as routine inspection of equipment requiring plant shut down. Accordingly, they provide less plant down time, and improved safety standards without the need to have personnel enter fixed plant chutes, for example.
  • a wear product which comprises a composite ceramic being an alumina ceramic tile or cube 10 composed of about 92% to 95% alumina.
  • a first wear protection region 1 is a white coloured alumina.
  • a second critical wear zone 2 has a different colour.
  • This embodiment provides a wear product in which its composition provides for a solution as simple as the colour of the protective material changing from white in the useful region 1 of the product to a bright colour as the ceramic material wears down to the critical change out zone 2 or, equally as this zone may be considered, in a wear indicating region 2.
  • multi coloured layers of alumina ceramic material may be introduced into the product to provide a staged indication to a user of the state of wear.
  • the change in visual characteristic of the wearing surface 3 as it propagates through the depth of the material may be detected by an optical sensor permanently or periodically pointed at the surface of the wear material to provide an indication of the state of wear for a user.
  • the physical property that varies may be other than visual.
  • the make up of the material could comprise a composite substance that whilst not causing physical damage could emanate a different or higher volume of sound to draw attention to an increasing or imminent wear state.
  • the material in the critical zone 2 could provide an increase in mechanical vibration that can be selected to be inert to the machinery but of significant ability to draw the attention of humans to a change in the operation of the equipment and provide an indication of wear.
  • the critical zone 2 Whilst the critical zone 2 is shown in figure 1 and 2 as a uniform region of material make up, the critical zone 2 could equally be provided as one of a step change in physical property as shown or, a gradual change or even a graduated change in physical property along a depth profile.
  • a wear product as disclosed herein may comprise the variation of the physical property of the protective material occurring at a depth of: between about 50% and 95% of the thickness of the protective material; or between about 60% and 90% of the thickness of the protective material; or preferably as shown in figures 1 and 2, about 80% of the thickness of the protective material.
  • a wear product comprising a composite ceramic material that provides a colour change for the variation in physical property
  • steps are followed: providing a metal mould held within a mechanical press; coloured alumina ceramic powder of known volume is added to the metal mould; the coloured alumina powder surface is smoothed flat within the metal mould; white alumina ceramic powder is added to the smoothed surface to top up the mould; mechanical press is engaged to compress alumina powder into shape; ceramic item is pressed as one piece with different coloured layers to form a green state item; green state ceramic item is ejected from metal mould; green state ceramic item is fired in kiln to achieve sufficient physical and mechanical properties.
  • an embodiment of the present invention may be applicable to more general products of industry, such as for example, a means of identifying and indicating wear of a road vehicle tyre where the variation in a physical property of protective wear material corresponds to the composite material comprising a tyre itself.
  • an application of the present invention may comprise a chemical and/or electrical conductivity property changing to provide an in situ sensor a change of signal that provides an indication of wear to the user.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur la fourniture d'une indication d'usure dans des matériaux résistant à l'usure qui forment des produits d'usure (10) utilisés comme parties constitutives de machines et d'équipement pour extraire et traiter des ressources minérales et des matières premières analogues, par exemple dans l'industrie minière et de l'excavation. Sous une forme, l'invention porte sur un procédé de détermination de l'usure d'un produit d'usure (10) comprenant un matériau protecteur (1, 2) apte au chemisage d'une partie de machine, lequel procédé comprend les étapes consistant à : faire varier au moins une propriété physique du matériau protecteur (1, 2) en fonction de la profondeur à partir d'une surface exposée externe (3) du matériau protecteur (1, 2) ; détecter à distance un changement de la propriété physique lorsque la surface exposée externe (3) se propage dans le matériau protecteur (1, 2) au cours de l'utilisation.
PCT/AU2012/000225 2011-03-03 2012-03-05 Procédé, système et appareil pour applications associées à une indication d'usure WO2012116416A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU2011900752A AU2011900752A0 (en) 2011-03-03 Method, System and Apparatus for Indicating Wear
AU2011900752 2011-03-03

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012116416A1 true WO2012116416A1 (fr) 2012-09-07

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015017902A1 (fr) * 2013-08-09 2015-02-12 Weir Minerals Australia Ltd Appareil séparateur à cyclone et procédés de production
EP2957529A1 (fr) * 2014-06-19 2015-12-23 Norbert Fritz Unite de protection contre l'usure
EP2957528A1 (fr) * 2014-06-19 2015-12-23 Norbert Fritz Unite de protection contre l'usure
CN111881178A (zh) * 2020-07-20 2020-11-03 苏州梅克兰循环科技有限公司 一种低成本维保的环保型绿色循环包材供应管理方法
CN112858069A (zh) * 2021-01-15 2021-05-28 山东合创明业精细陶瓷有限公司 利用水刀机评价陶瓷衬板耐磨性的检测方法和检测装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3891398A (en) * 1972-01-20 1975-06-24 Ferodo Ltd Disc brake pads formed from two sintered metallic layers
KR20030039977A (ko) * 2002-02-25 2003-05-22 (주)골프뉴스 인터넷을 이용한 골프장 부킹예약 방법
US7175580B2 (en) * 2002-01-07 2007-02-13 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Wear indicator for a roller
KR100778546B1 (ko) * 2006-06-29 2007-11-22 금호타이어 주식회사 타이어의 마모 표시 구조

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3891398A (en) * 1972-01-20 1975-06-24 Ferodo Ltd Disc brake pads formed from two sintered metallic layers
US7175580B2 (en) * 2002-01-07 2007-02-13 Hauni Maschinenbau Ag Wear indicator for a roller
KR20030039977A (ko) * 2002-02-25 2003-05-22 (주)골프뉴스 인터넷을 이용한 골프장 부킹예약 방법
KR100778546B1 (ko) * 2006-06-29 2007-11-22 금호타이어 주식회사 타이어의 마모 표시 구조

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015017902A1 (fr) * 2013-08-09 2015-02-12 Weir Minerals Australia Ltd Appareil séparateur à cyclone et procédés de production
CN105636786A (zh) * 2013-08-09 2016-06-01 伟尔矿物澳大利亚私人有限公司 旋流分离器装置和生产方法
AU2014305660B2 (en) * 2013-08-09 2018-02-22 Weir Minerals Australia Ltd Cyclone separator apparatus and methods of production
US10159989B2 (en) 2013-08-09 2018-12-25 Weir Minerals Australia Ltd. Cyclone separator apparatus and methods of production
EA032168B1 (ru) * 2013-08-09 2019-04-30 Вир Минералс Австралия Лтд Устройство циклонного сепаратора и способ его производства
EA036609B1 (ru) * 2013-08-09 2020-11-30 Вир Минералс Австралия Лтд Устройство циклонного сепаратора и способ его производства
US11135603B2 (en) 2013-08-09 2021-10-05 Weir Minerals Australia Ltd. Cyclone separator apparatus and methods of production
EP2957529A1 (fr) * 2014-06-19 2015-12-23 Norbert Fritz Unite de protection contre l'usure
EP2957528A1 (fr) * 2014-06-19 2015-12-23 Norbert Fritz Unite de protection contre l'usure
CN111881178A (zh) * 2020-07-20 2020-11-03 苏州梅克兰循环科技有限公司 一种低成本维保的环保型绿色循环包材供应管理方法
CN112858069A (zh) * 2021-01-15 2021-05-28 山东合创明业精细陶瓷有限公司 利用水刀机评价陶瓷衬板耐磨性的检测方法和检测装置

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