WO2012115225A1

WO2012115225A1 - Nematode attractant and method for nematode control

Info

Publication number: WO2012115225A1
Application number: PCT/JP2012/054551
Authority: WO
Inventors: 整松田; 一夫山下; のぞみ北野
Original assignee: Ｊｘ日鉱日石エネルギー株式会社
Priority date: 2011-02-25
Filing date: 2012-02-24
Publication date: 2012-08-30
Also published as: JP2012176906A; JP5724089B2

Abstract

Provided are an attractant and method for control whereby nematode control is made possible. The nematode attractant uses a biosurfactant as the active ingredient thereof, and the method for nematode control uses the attractant.

Description

Nematode attractant and nematode control method

The present invention relates to a nematode attractant and a nematode control method using the attractant. More specifically, the present invention relates to a nematode attractant containing, as an active ingredient, a biosurfactant containing neutral sugars and fatty acids as main components, and a nematode control method using the attractant.

“Nematode” is a general term for animals belonging to the linear phylum, and there are a large variety of individuals, and it is said that there are over 100 million species. Most of these nematodes are harmless to humans, but some are harmful to plants. There are various types of harmful nematodes that parasitize plants, but the most damaging are the nematodes, root-knot nematodes, cyst nematodes, and nematode nematodes. These nematode parasites cause serious problems in the field of agriculture because they cause poor growth, death, malformation, decay, and the like. Nowadays, parasitism damage caused by garlic cultivation (Ditylenchus destructor) in Japan is a major problem.

Damage caused by Imogusaresenchu was first confirmed in 1975 at Iris in Niigata and Nara prefectures, and later in Hokkaido and Hyogo prefectures. In 1984, garlic, one of Aomori's main vegetables, was found to be damaged by rotting and missing stocks in Aomori Prefecture's wooden town (currently Tsugaru City's wooden district), and was identified as being damaged by Imogusaresenchu. The occurrence of Imogusaresenchu has been expanding in Hokkaido, Iwate, Akita, Miyagi, and Tottori prefectures, mainly from garlic. In Aomori Prefecture, which accounts for 80% of garlic domestic shipments, the situation is serious in many garlic emerging regions, and there are great expectations for the development of effective nematode control methods.

According to the 2010 Aomori Agricultural crop pest control guidelines, “Renewal of seeds and preparation of a new production field are important to ensure the production of garlic.” When it is unavoidable, it states that systematic control that combines all of the following effective control methods is necessary. Each control method is as follows.

1) Soil disinfection.

Currently, soil disinfectants that can be used in garlic include chlorpicrin fumigant and dazomet granule as soil fumigant, and kazusaphos granule (Rugby MC (registered trademark) granule) and phosthiazate granule as nematicide. (Nematrine (registered trademark) ace granules). The soil fumigant, after cultivating the soil, pours 3 ml of chlorpicrin fumigant at 30 L per 10a. Dazomet powder is sprayed 30kg per 10a as evenly as possible and mixed well with soil. The nematicidal effect of chlorpicrin fumigant is around 20 cm below the surface, and the nematicidal effect of dazomet powder is limited to the mixed layer. Immediately after mixing, the film is covered with a polyethylene film or the like, and after 14 days or more, degassing and planting. A nematicide is a kazusafos granule applied 30 kg per 10a and a phosphiazate granule 25 kg per 10a and mixed well with soil.

2) Perform seed disinfection.

1% seed weight of thiuram benomyl wettable powder (Benrate (registered trademark) T) is wet-coated on seed flakes. This treatment is effective in preventing the early entry of nematodes from the soil.

3) Appropriate harvesting When seed disinfection is carried out, nematodes in the soil enter the leaf sheath from the root to the outermost leaf sheath from the end of May to the harvesting season from the end of the lymphocyte expansion period, Move sequentially into the leaf sheath. If the harvest is delayed, the nematode invades into the sphere (ring piece) accordingly, so the harvest is carried out early.

4) Forced drying after harvesting Roots are cut off immediately after harvesting, and forced drying is performed at about 35 ° C. for about two weeks using a warm-air ventilation device. Nematodes that live inside the leaf sheath become dead or dormant due to rapid drying, and can prevent the progression of rot rot during storage.

However, each method of systematic control has the following problems. In other words, soil disinfection can cause environmental impacts such as soil fumigants and nematicides on crops, effects on human and livestock health, destruction and disturbance of soil microbiota, and groundwater contamination. It's not expensive. In addition, soil disinfection generally has a dramatic effect on the soil surface, but nematodes remain deep in the soil, so the nematode density recovery after crop cultivation is rapid and promotes nematode damage. Induced multiple). In addition, soil disinfection in the summer is a heavy labor, which places a heavy burden on the employer. Seed disinfection suppresses the rooting of garlic, promotes poor growth, has an unstable effect on blue mold, which also feeds on imogusasenchu, and kills all nematodes by forced drying alone. It is that the decay proceeds after forced drying.

The present invention is intended to solve such conventional problems, and provides a nematode attractant that is sufficiently stable in safety and effectiveness, and that does not cause crop growth disturbance or decrease in commercial value. It is to provide a nematode control method. Another object of the present invention is to provide a nematode attractant and a method for controlling nematodes, which can be easily used in combination with existing drugs that have been conventionally used to obtain a control effect excellent in safety and stability. In particular, it is an object to provide an attractant and a control method that enable effective and safe control of Imogusaresenchu in garlic cultivation.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventor has found that a preparation containing a biosurfactant as an active ingredient functions as a nematode attractant, and has completed the present invention.

That is, the present invention is as follows.

[1] Nematode attractant containing biosurfactant as an active ingredient.

[2] The nematode attractant according to [1], wherein the biosurfactant is mainly composed of neutral sugars and fatty acids.

[3] The nematode attractant of [1] or [2], wherein the biosurfactant is produced by a microorganism belonging to the genus Gordonia.

[4] A microorganism belonging to the genus Gordonia is Gordonia sp. [3] Nematode attractant of JE1058 strain.

[5] The nematode attractant according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the nematode is selected from the group consisting of sects, root-knot nematodes, cyst nematodes, and nepheles nematodes.

[6] The nematode attractant according to [5], wherein the nematode is a Demillechus destructor.

[7] A method for controlling nematodes, which comprises applying a nematode attractant of any one of [1] to [6] to soil for growing plants, And the method for controlling the attracted nematode.

[8] The control method according to [7], comprising use of a soil fumigant and / or nematicide.

[9] The method according to [7] or [8], wherein the plant is selected from the group consisting of garlic, iris, gladiolus, dahlia, potato, jackfruit, box radish, kidney bean, begonia, sweet potato, peanut, sugar beet, carrot.

[10] A nematode control agent comprising the nematode attractant of any one of [1] to [6] and a soil fumigant and / or nematicide.

This specification includes the contents described in the specification and / or drawings of Japanese Patent Application No. 2011-040527, which is the basis of the priority of the present application.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a nematode attractant and a nematode control method with high safety and control effect, and it is possible to prevent plant growth failure and commercial value decline due to nematode infestation. . In addition, according to the present invention, nematodes existing in the deep soil of the cultivated soil can be attracted and collected near the ground surface where soil fumigants and nematicides spread, so the effects of these agents are dramatically improved. As a result, the dosage of these drugs can be reduced, reducing or eliminating crop residues, effects on human livestock, destruction and disturbance of soil microbiota, and environmental impact.

FIG. 1 is a photograph of an experimental apparatus used in the imogusalesenchu attracting effect test of Examples 1 and 2. Each photograph shows the following state: (A) High pressure steam sterilized soil is put on the soil mixed with Imogusaresenchu suspension, and further wrapped with JK Wiper (trademark registration: Nippon Paper Crecia Co., Ltd.). Gordonia sp. JE1058 strain-produced biosurfactant-mixed soil is placed; (B) the end of the JK wiper is closed; (C) high-pressure steam sterilized soil is placed on the closed JK wiper. FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an experimental apparatus used in the agar test method of Example 3.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

The present invention relates to a nematode attractant containing a biosurfactant as an active ingredient.

In the present invention, the “attractant” means an agent that attracts nematodes in the soil and has a collecting effect. Therefore, those that have the effect of killing nematodes, losing their function or getting stuck, or making them unable to do substantial harm (eg nematicides) It is not included in the “attractant” in the present invention. By applying the nematode attractant according to the present invention near the ground surface, it is possible to collect nematodes that live in the lower soil like pheromone traps near the ground surface. Can dramatically improve the effects of soil fumigants and nematicides that are ineffective.

“Biosurfactant” is a general term for biologically derived surfactants, and specifically refers to amphiphilic substances produced by microorganisms. Today, various types of biosurfactants have been found, and can be classified into sugar type, amino acid type, organic acid type, and polymer type from the structure of their hydrophilic groups. Usually, the hydrophilic part has hydrophilic groups such as sugars and amino acids as in the above classification, and the hydrophobic part contains various medium chain fatty acids and long chain fatty acids (saturated, unsaturated, branched, hydroxy type, etc.). Has a hydrophobic group.

In the present invention, a biosurfactant containing a neutral sugar and a fatty acid as main components is preferable. Examples of such biosurfactants include rhamnose lipid, trehalose lipid, succinoyl trehalose pyrid, sophorolipid, cellobiose lipid, maltose lipid, polyol lipid, glucose lipid, fructose lipid, glucoside lipid, mannoside lipid, sucrose lipid, alkanoyl N- Examples include glucamide and derivatives thereof, but are not limited thereto.

Examples of microorganisms that produce such biosurfactants include Pseudomonas, Toluropsis, Candida, Ustilago, Pseudozyma, and Cryptococcus ccyptococcus. Kurtzmanomyces, Corynebacterium, Mycobacterium, Nocardia, Rhodococcus, Shizonella, Arthrobacter, Arthrobacter Microbiology belonging to the genus (Gordonia) They include, but are not limited to.

More specifically, for example, Pseudomonas sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Toluropsis sp., Candida sp., Candida o and i. Magnoliae (Candida magnoliae), Candida gropengiseri (Candida agrocola), Candida apicola, Ustilago zeais (Ustilago dysago) Data (Ustilago esculenta), Pseudozyma Antakutika (Pseudozyma antarctica), Pseudozyma Afidisu (Pseudozyma aphidis), Pseudozyma para Anta click Atlantica (Pseudozyma parantarctica), Pseudozyma tsukubaensis (Pseudozyma tsukubaensis), Pseudozyma Furokurosa (Pseudozyma floculosa), Pseudozyma fusiforma, Cryptococcus humicola, Kurtzmanomyces sp. I-1 ), Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium lepree, Nocardia corynebacteroids, Rhodococcus erythropolis ccc aurantiacus), Shizonella melanograma, Arthrobacter sp., and the like, but are not limited thereto (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 10-96174 and 2010-158192).

Preferably, the biosurfactant in the present invention is produced by a microorganism belonging to the genus Gordonia, and is particularly preferably produced from the Gordonia sp. JE1058 strain (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open (JP-A)). 2002-239368). Gordonia sp. The JE1058 stock has been deposited under the accession number FERM BP-7406 at the Biotechnology Institute of Industrial Technology (currently the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry's National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology).

Biosurfactant can be produced by a conventionally known method. That is, the biosurfactant-producing microorganism is cultured for a period in which a sufficient amount of biosurfactant can be produced in a medium containing a carbon source, a nitrogen source, an organic nutrient source, and an inorganic nutrient source, which are usually used in the technical field, and then the microorganism is centrifuged. Etc. are separated and the supernatant is recovered. Biosurfactant purification from the supernatant can be performed using one or a combination of known techniques such as ammonium sulfate salting out, precipitation separation with an organic solvent, chromatography, filtration treatment and the like. The obtained biosurfactant removes water by a method such as freeze-drying. As a biosurfactant-producing microorganism, a microorganism belonging to the genus Gordonia, particularly Gordonia sp. When using JE1058 strain, a carbon source containing normal paraffin is added to the medium (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-239368). Examples of the normal paraffin include n-undecane, n-dodecane, n-tridecane, n-tetradecane, n-pentadecane, n-hexadecane, n-heptadecane, n-octadecane and the like.

In the present invention, the biosurfactant may be either purified or roughly purified.

In the present invention, the biosurfactant may be used as it is, or mixed with a carrier, a sticking agent, a dispersing agent, an auxiliary agent or the like by a known method according to a conventional method, and powder, granule, wettable powder, liquid, It may be in the form of an emulsion or suspension.

Examples of the carrier include solid carriers such as talc, bentonite, clay, kaolin, diatomaceous earth, white carbon, vermiculite, and silica sand; water-soluble polymer compounds (polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, etc.), water, vegetable oil And liquid carriers such as liquid animal oil. Examples of the fixing agent include casein, gelatin, gum arabic, and alginic acid. Examples of the dispersant include alcohol sulfate esters and polyoxyethylene glycol ether. Examples of the auxiliary agent include carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, and lactose. The carrier, the fixing agent, the dispersing agent and the auxiliary agent can be used alone or in appropriate combination depending on the purpose.

The nematode attractant of the present invention can be used in combination with soil fumigants and nematicides, and can also be used as a nematode control agent. Here, the term “exterminator” refers to an action that kills a nematode, loses its function, or prevents it from moving, or an action that prevents the nematode from being substantially harmful. Depends exclusively on the soil fumigant and nematicide contained.

Examples of the nematodes attracted by the nematode attractant of the present invention include harmful nematodes parasitic on plants, especially agricultural crops, and self-active nematodes, and are effective in collecting various types of nematodes. Have Examples of harmful nematodes that are attracted by the nematode attractant of the present invention include: Coleoptera (Ditylenchus dipsaci), Imogusaresenchu (Ditylenchus destructor), Mushroom nematode (Ditylenchus), (Meloidogyne incognita), Java root-knot nematode (Melologyne javanica), Kita-kune nematode (Meloidyne hapla), Alenaria root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne arsenaria), and so on. Cyst nematode (Globodera rostochiensis), clover cyst nematode (Heterodera trifolii), etc. And the like, but is not limited to these. Particularly preferred is Imogusarescenchu (Ditylenchus Destructor).

The application of the attractant of the present invention is performed on the soil before or after planting or sowing the plant. Preferably, it is soil before planting a plant. In any case, it is preferably applied before nematodes enter the plant.

The method of applying the attractant of the present invention may be mixed or irrigated with soil, and within the range where the effects of soil fumigants and nematicides are reached (in the case of ordinary application methods, about 20 cm below the ground surface). What is necessary is just to process soil so that the said attractant may be spread to soil. The application amount of the attractant is not particularly limited as long as it can sufficiently attract harmful nematodes inhabiting the soil, but it can be appropriately selected from the range of 0.1 g to 2 g per liter of soil. That is, it is desirable to apply 5 kg or more, preferably 10 kg or more per field 10a.

The nematode control method of the present invention is carried out by exterminating nematodes in the soil attracted by the attractant by a conventionally known method. Nematode control methods include chemical methods such as soil fumigant and nematicide spraying, solar thermal soil disinfection that seals the house and heats the cultivated soil, and reduction that mixes organic matter in the house soil and heats it hermetically. Physical methods such as soil disinfection, hot water soil disinfection in which hot water is supplied directly from a movable boiler and the soil is directly heated, and long-term flooding treatment of cultivated soil can be used. A chemical method is preferable.

Specifically, the nematode attractant is applied to the soil where plants are grown. The attractant may be applied before planting or sowing the plant, or after planting or sowing, but more preferably before planting the plant. The attractant applied to the soil attracts nematodes in the soil into the soil treated with the attractant. A sufficient collection effect can be obtained in several days to several weeks (preferably about two weeks) after applying the attractant. The nematode density in the treated soil is monitored, and the nematode is controlled at an appropriate time when the number of nematodes in the treated soil increases. Since the attractant of the present invention can be used in combination with a nematode control method, for example, the attractant may be sprayed simultaneously with a soil fumigant or nematicide, or a soil fumigant or nematicide. If it is within the effective period of the agent, the attractant can be sprayed after the soil fumigant or nematicide spray. As the soil fumigant and nematicide, conventionally known ones can be used. For example, chlorpicrin fumigant (Crawl Picrine, Drosophila, Droclor, Clopic 80, Clopic Tape, Clopic Flow, Clopic Tablet), Chlorpicrin DD Agent (Soilen (registered trademark)), Tazomet powder (Gastard (registered trademark) fine particle, Basamide (registered trademark) fine particle), Carbum sodium salt (Kilper (registered trademark)), Methyl isothiocyanate / D- D agent (Di Trapex (registered trademark) oil agent), DD agent, DCIP agent (nemamol (registered trademark)), DCIP / DD agent (plasma (registered trademark) oil agent), carbam agent (NCS (trademark) (Registration) (Soil fumigant), Phosthiazate (nematrine (registered trademark) ace granules, nematrine Trademark Registration) Granule 10, Guard Hope (Trademark Registration) Liquid, Kazusafos (Rugby MC (Trademark) Granule), Oxamyl (Vaidate (Trademark) L Granule), Pyracrofos (Voltage (Trademark)) Granule 6), Imiciaphos (Nemakick (registered trademark) granule), Benfuracarb (Oncor (registered trademark) granule 5), Carbosulfan (Gazette (registered trademark) granule, Advantage (registered trademark) Agent), lime nitrogen (lime nitrogen 40, lime nitrogen 50, lime nitrogen 55, carmate 60) (above, nematicide) The dosage and usage of soil fumigants and nematicides are: Can be used as per manufacturer's instructions.

The plant is not particularly limited as long as it is a plant that can be damaged by the above nematodes (preferably, flowers, vegetables, flowering trees, garden trees, fruit trees), for example, cucumber, sweet potato, taro, potato, pepper, eggplant, radish, Chinese cabbage, taro, okabo, soybean, azuki bean, strawberry, tomato, watermelon, melon, onion, wheat, green beans, peas, garlic, mushrooms, leek, rakkyo, kidney bean, Japanese radish, peanuts, sugar beet, carrot, burdock, Chinese yam, corn, Examples include, but are not limited to, asparagus, marigold, hyacinth, daffodil, lily, begonia, petunia, iris, button, gladiolus, dahlia, chrysanthemum, gentian, snapdragon, citrus, and grape.

As an embodiment of the present invention, there is a method for controlling Imogusaresenchu (Ditylenchus destructor).

Damage caused by Imogusaresenchu has been reported in garlic, iris, gladiolus, dahlia, potato, jackfruit, radish, common bean, begonia, sweet potato, peanut, sugar beet, carrot, etc., among which damage to garlic is a major problem as described above. ing.

As described in the prior art, damage prevention by Imogusaresenchu is a system that combines fungicide for seed disinfection, soil fumigant or nematicide, postharvest forced drying treatment for nematode, and early harvest. However, it is still difficult to reduce damage. In addition, the damage caused by imogusasen nematode is recognized as a nematode damage that is difficult to control so that the damage can be finally reduced by using all the above-mentioned treatments in combination and treating them for years. However, according to the nematode control method of the present invention, it is possible to innovatively improve the control effect against Imogusaresenchu damage.

In application of the present invention for the purpose of controlling Imogusaresenchu in garlic, the nematode attractant is sprayed or irrigated on the soil surface before seed ball planting. The application amount of the attractant is set so that the concentration at the time of application of the biosurfactant as an active ingredient is 2 g per liter of soil, that is, 1 kg or more per 10a. The attractant sprayed or irrigated on the soil surface is mixed with the soil by rotary plowing and processed. At this time, the thickness of the treated soil is preferably about 15 to 20 cm below the ground surface. After application of the attractant, Imogusaresenchu in the soil is attracted to the attractant and moves to the soil treated with the attractant by the same action as a pheromone trap. Imamsa nematode density in the treated soil is measured over time, and the immosares nematode using soil fumigation disinfectant or nematicide at an appropriate time (preferably about 1 to 3 weeks) when the number of imogsa nematode in the treated soil increases Exterminate. The soil treatment with the attractant may be repeated several times before planting the seed balls.

The present invention can be applied to any kind of garlic of one piece, six pieces, and many pieces.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited to such examples.

Example 1 Gordonia sp. JE1058 strain-produced biosurfactant attracting effect of Imogusaresenchu To 1 L (liter) of high pressure steam sterilized soil, Gordonia sp. Put 100g of well-mixed 2g of crude purified dry powder of JE1058 strain biosurfactant on the center of double stacked JK wiper (Oji Paper) and twist the end of JK Wiper (registered trademark) to wrap it It was As a comparison, Gordonia sp. Instead of JE1058 strain-produced biosurfactant, 35 g of garlic scale slices, 2 g of garlic powder, 2 g or 20 g of potato dextrose broth (Difco), and black rot nuclei obtained by culturing on potato dextrose agar medium Only the high-pressure steam sterilized soil was used as an untreated section for two 9 cm petri dish of dry nuclei.

In addition, Gordonia sp. Used for the attraction effect test. The roughly purified dry powder of JE1058 strain-produced biosurfactant was produced by the method described in JP-A-2002-239368. That is, Gordonia sp. The JE1058 strain was cultured for 4 days in a medium containing 1 g / L of yeast extract and 1% by volume of normal tetradecane at 30 ° C. and 160 rpm, and then 472 g of ammonium sulfate was added per liter of the culture solution to salt the biosurfactant. Analyzed. Thereafter, the precipitate was exposed to running water in a dialysis membrane at room temperature for 2 days to perform desalting by dialysis and then freeze-dried to obtain a crude purified dry powder of the biosurfactant.

Nematode suspension was obtained from infected garlic by the Bellman method. Specifically, after the apple garlic infected garlic flakes were washed with tap water, they were minced and placed on a funnel with Kimwipe (registered trademark). Distilled water was poured until the garlic was sufficiently soaked and allowed to stand at room temperature overnight to collect Imogusaresenchu that passed Kimwipe in a beaker. Sterile distilled water 50 times or more of the amount collected was added and allowed to stand until imogusa nematode precipitated, and then the supernatant was removed. This operation was repeated at least three times to obtain a Imogusaresenchu suspension.

As shown in FIG. 1, at the bottom of a 2 L plastic disposable beaker, 100 mL of soil (approx. 120 heads / g soil) mixed with Imogusaresenchu suspension was laid in high-pressure steam-sterilized soil, and high-pressure steam sterilized on it. Gordonia sp. Put 1.5L of soil and wrapped with JK wiper on it. Place JE1058 strain-produced biosurfactant-mixed soil (FIG. 1 (A)), close the end of the JK wiper (FIG. 1 (B)), and place high-pressure steam sterilized soil so that it is hidden (FIG. 1 ( C)). Thereafter, 500 mL of tap water was irrigated per beaker. The treated beaker is left in a glass greenhouse controlled at a minimum temperature of 20 ° C., and the inside of the JK wiper, that is, Gordonia sp. The number of Imogusa nematodes that invaded the soil mixed with biosurfactant produced by JE1058 strain was counted.

The results are shown in Table 1 below.

As apparent from Table 1, Gordonia sp. Many imogusa nematodes were observed in the JE1058 strain-produced biosurfactant-mixed soil test zone, with an average of 230.7 animals on the 7th day of treatment and 534.7 animals on the 14th day of treatment.

Gordonia sp. JE1058 strain-produced biosurfactant-mixed soil test group had more imogusaresenchuu than garlic scale test group.

From the above results, Gordonia sp. The biosurfactant produced by JE1058 strain has been clarified in the effect of attracting Imogusaresenchu.

Example 2 Gordonia sp. JE1058 strain-produced biosurfactant attracting effect on soil-inhabiting self-active nematodes In the same manner, Gordonia sp. JE1058 strain-produced biosurfactant was tested for the effect of attracting autoactive nematodes. As the self-active nematode, an Acrobeloides genus or Microdorilamus genus nematode contained in the horticultural soil Sakata prime mix TKS-2 (registered trademark) was used. In the test area, the above Gordonia sp. JE1058 strain-produced biosurfactant-mixed soil or potato tuber slices 30g were tested and tested under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that only high-pressure steam-sterilized soil was used as an untreated section.

The results are shown in Table 2 below.

As is clear from Table 2, Gordonia sp. On the 14th day of treatment in the biosurfactant test group produced by the JE1058 strain, an average of 11.7 autoactive nematodes were observed, and a small number of autoactive nematodes were observed in the control group (no treatment) (average 1). .8).

From the above results, Gordonia sp. It has been clarified that the biosurfactant produced by JE1058 strain also exhibits an attracting effect against autoactive nematodes.

Example 3 Gordonia sp. JE1058 strain-produced biosurfactant in agar assay A commercially available transparent straw with a diameter of 5 mm was cut to a length of 5.5 cm, filled with 3.0% undiluted agar solution to a height of 5.0 cm, and the agar solidified. To do. Roll a thin kimwipe into a 0.5cm portion of a straw that does not contain agar. The bottom of the 1.5 mL sample tube is filled with 0.2 mL of 0.2 mm glass beads, and a suspension of Imogusaresenchu at a predetermined density (about 100 heads / 20 μL here) is poured. A straw was placed on the 1.5 mL sample tube so that the Kimwipe portion was on top, and 100 μL of the test substance solution was dropped onto the Kimwipe portion (FIG. 2). As the test substance solution, 10 mL of 5 mM calcium chloride solution was used, and Gordonia sp. A 1% amount of JE1058 strain-produced biosurfactant was dissolved by stirring at room temperature for 30 minutes. For garlic juice, chopped scales are placed in a finger masher with a filter cap (manufactured by Assist Co., Ltd .: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2007-218903), and 3 volumes of 5 mM calcium carbonate solution is added. The juice was ground and filtered through a filter attached to the cap. As for black rot sclerotia, about 50 sclerotia cultivated in potato dextrose agar medium is put into a finger masher with a filter cap, 1 mL of 5 mM calcium chloride solution is added, and it is crushed with a finger for about 2 minutes. The juice was ground and filtered through a filter attached to the cap. There are other common methods of squeezing, such as using a mortar / pestle or polyethylene bag. The methine solution was dissolved in distilled water to prepare a 1M concentration solution. The experimental apparatus was left at 20 ° C. to start the experiment. Three hours after the start of the experiment, each straw was taken out from the 1.5 mL sample tube, and the degree of movement of the moss nematode in the agar was observed under an optical microscope (10x4x). After the observation, the straw is returned to the 1.5 mL sample tube, and the same test substance solution is added to the Kimwipe portion and left at 20 ° C. for another 3 hours (ie, 6 hours after the start of the experiment). In addition, the degree of migration of Imogusaresenchuu in agar was observed in the same manner as described above.

The results are shown in Table 3 below.

As is clear from Table 3, Gordonia sp. When using JE1058 strain-produced biosurfactant, imogusaresenchuu was observed at the top of the straw as compared to the control solution containing no test substance.

From the above results, Gordonia sp. The effect of attracting Imogusaresenchu possessed by JE1058 strain-produced biosurfactant was clarified.

According to the present invention, nematodes present in the deep cultivated soil can be attracted and collected near the ground surface where soil fumigants and nematicides spread, so that the effects of these agents can be dramatically improved. As a result, the dosage of these agents can be reduced, reducing or eliminating crop residue, impact on human livestock, destruction and disturbance of soil microbiota, and environmental impact. In addition, according to the present invention, nematodes can be efficiently controlled, so that it is possible to prevent crop growth failure and commercial value decline due to nematode parasitism. Therefore, according to the present invention, nematode extermination capable of ensuring “food safety” and reducing production costs is possible, and it is expected to greatly contribute to the agricultural field and related fields.

All publications, patents and patent applications cited in this specification shall be incorporated into the present specification as they are.

Claims

A nematode attractant containing biosurfactant as an active ingredient.
The nematode attractant according to claim 1, wherein the biosurfactant comprises a neutral sugar and a fatty acid as main components.
The nematode attractant according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the biosurfactant is produced by a microorganism belonging to the genus Gordonia.
A microorganism belonging to the genus Gordonia is designated as Gordonia sp. The nematode attractant according to claim 3, which is JE1058 strain.
The nematode attractant according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, wherein the nematode is selected from the group consisting of stalk nematodes, root-knot nematodes, cyst nematodes and nega nematodes.
The nematode attractant according to claim 5, wherein the nematode is Imogusarescenchu (Ditylenchus destructor).
A method for controlling nematodes, the method comprising attracting nematodes in soil, comprising applying the nematode attractant according to any one of claims 1 to 6 to soil for growing plants. And the step of controlling the attracted nematodes.
The control method according to claim 7, comprising the use of soil fumigant and / or nematicide.
The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the plant is selected from the group consisting of garlic, iris, gladiolus, dahlia, potato, raccoon, green radish, kidney bean, begonia, sweet potato, peanut, sugar beet and carrot.
A nematode control agent comprising the nematode attractant according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and a soil fumigant and / or nematicide.