WO2012114116A1 - Swimming pool safety coping element and method of manufacture thereof - Google Patents

Swimming pool safety coping element and method of manufacture thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012114116A1
WO2012114116A1 PCT/GB2012/050419 GB2012050419W WO2012114116A1 WO 2012114116 A1 WO2012114116 A1 WO 2012114116A1 GB 2012050419 W GB2012050419 W GB 2012050419W WO 2012114116 A1 WO2012114116 A1 WO 2012114116A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
outer layer
swimming pool
layer portion
polymer composition
sensitive adhesive
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB2012/050419
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Mark Nicholas Hempleman-Adams
Original Assignee
Mark Nicholas Hempleman-Adams
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mark Nicholas Hempleman-Adams filed Critical Mark Nicholas Hempleman-Adams
Priority to EP12707128.0A priority Critical patent/EP2678494A1/en
Priority to US14/001,428 priority patent/US20140317839A1/en
Publication of WO2012114116A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012114116A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H4/00—Swimming or splash baths or pools
    • E04H4/14—Parts, details or accessories not otherwise provided for
    • E04H4/141—Coping elements for swimming pools

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to coping elements, in particular to coping elements used around the edge of a swimming pool.
  • coping elements installed around the edge of swimming pools are made from materials such as stone, concrete and reconstituted stone. Such coping stones are often formed with a bull nose or rounded exposed edge so that corners are eliminated from their profile in order to minimise the danger associated therewith.
  • coping elements remain hazardous, since if a user of the swimming pool was to slip or misjudge his entry into the water, he could collide with the coping stone and receive an injury, potentially a serious injury.
  • WO2009/050426 It is known from WO2009/050426 to provide coping elements having multiple portions. WO2009/050426 discloses an arrangement in which the different portions are provided with interlocking means, to allow them to be secured together.
  • interlocking components e.g. protrusions or depressions at the surface of a first portion for mating with a corresponding depression or protrusion provided on the surface of a second portion
  • the present invention may provide a method of manufacturing a swimming pool coping element in which an outer layer portion and an infill portion are joined using pressure sensitive adhesive.
  • the present invention may provide a method of manufacturing a swimming pool safety coping element comprising an outer layer portion and an infill portion, the outer layer portion at least partly bounding the infill portion, the method comprising the steps of:
  • the method of the first aspect of the invention provides a coping element having at least two portions: the outer layer portion effectively providing a skin, having e.g. non-slip properties, while the infill portion provides the bulk mechanical properties required by the application, e.g. resilience, so as to reduce the possibility of injury arising from any collision with the coping element.
  • Low Surface Energy is meant a material having a surface energy below 30 dynes/cm (0.03 N/m), preferably below 25 dynes/cm (0.025 N/m), most preferably below 23 dynes/cm (0.023 N/m).
  • the Low Surface Energy material may comprise at least one of the following compounds: silicone, ethylene vinyl acetate, and/or a block copolymer.
  • a suitable block copolymer may be EvopreneTM.
  • the Low Surface Energy material comprises heat-cured silicone rubber.
  • the outer layer portion may be formed through e.g. pressing, extrusion, or injection moulding. This may be followed by a curing step, at a temperature of e.g. 130-180°C.
  • materials having luminescent properties may be embedded in the outer layer portion.
  • Suitable materials may comprise phosphors such as strontium aluminate or zinc sulphide.
  • the luminescent material may help to define the edge of the swimming pool in conditions of low ambient light.
  • the provision of a Low Surface Energy material may help to ensure that the coping element is not easily wet by water e.g. from the swimming pool.
  • a coping element having a Low Surface Energy outer layer portion it may be possible to reduce the risk of slippage on the coping element.
  • the first surface of the outer layer portion is cleaned using an organic solvent, before the pressure sensitive adhesive is applied.
  • this cleaning step is carried out using an organic solvent, such as an aromatic hydrocarbon.
  • the organic solvent may be xylene.
  • a pressure sensitive adhesive is an adhesive that forms a bond when pressure is applied between the adhesive and a contacting surface. Typically, no solvent, water, or heat is needed to activate the adhesive.
  • the pressure sensitive adhesive generally comprises an elastomer mixed with a suitable tackifier.
  • the elastomer may be e.g. silicone rubber.
  • the tackifier may be e.g. a silicate resin.
  • the pressure sensitive adhesive may be applied e.g. by brushing, painting, or spraying.
  • the flowable polymer composition is prepared from at least one of the following materials: vegetable oil, urethane, epoxy, latex, block copolymer, polyethylene foam, and/or polypropylene foam.
  • vegetable oil is castor oil.
  • the flowable polymer composition is prepared from castor oil and a further polyol as starting materials.
  • the further polyol is a polyether polyol. It is also preferred that the further polyol is ethylene oxide tipped.
  • the molecular weight of the further polyol is preferably at least 3000, more preferably at least 6000.
  • the further polyol is a polyester polyol.
  • the further polyol may be tipped with a different alkylene oxide, for example, propylene oxide.
  • castor oil and/or the further polyol may be mixed with an isocyanate compound, resulting in a polyurethane blend that, on setting, may provide the infill portion.
  • the isocyanate compound may be considered to function as a hardener for the polyol mixture.
  • the polyol mixture comprises equal parts by weight of castor oil and the further polyol.
  • the infill portion comprises a filler, such as rubber crumb.
  • the step of allowing the polymer composition to set may be carried out at ambient temperature.
  • higher temperatures may be used (e.g. 50-60°C), to decrease setting time.
  • the present invention may provide: a swimming pool safety coping element comprising an outer layer portion and an infill portion, the outer layer portion at least partly bounding the infill portion, wherein:
  • the outer layer portion comprises a Low Surface Energy material
  • the infill portion comprises a polymer composition
  • a layer of pressure sensitive adhesive is provided between the outer layer portion and the infill portion.
  • the outer layer portion, the infill portion, and the layer of pressure sensitive adhesive of the coping element according to the second aspect of the invention may comprise one or more preferred features of the corresponding elements of the first aspect of the invention.
  • Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a safety coping element according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention.
  • a safety coping element 10 has a skin 12 that provides an outer layer portion and that partly bounds an infill portion 14.
  • a layer of pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) 16 is sandwiched between the skin 12 and the infill portion 14, thus bonding the skin 12 to the infill portion 14.
  • PSA pressure sensitive adhesive
  • the skin 12 is prepared using silicone rubber, which is pressed and heat-cured to provide the shape shown in Figure 1. Heat curing is carried out at a temperature of 130- 180°C. The resultant heat-cured silicon portion has a surface energy of 22 dynes/cm (0.022 N/m).
  • the pressure sensitive adhesive 16 is polydimethylsiloxane rubber, mixed with a silicate resin tackifier.
  • the skin 12 is prepared for the application of the pressure sensitive adhesive by cleaning the surface to which the PSA is to be applied, using a xylene solvent. The solvent is then allowed to evaporate. After this stage, the PSA is painted on to the cleaned surface and allowed to rest until it becomes tacky.
  • a flowable polymer composition is poured onto the PSA-coated surface of the skin 12, and allowed to set, to provide the infill portion 14.
  • the flowable polymer composition is made by blending the following components:
  • a suitable catalyzing agent e.g. dibutyl tin dilaurate: 0.05 parts by weight
  • a rubber crumb filler thermoplastic vulcanized rubber in RH31 cream colour, having a granule size of 1 -4 mm
  • a molecular sieve may be added (e.g. zeolite) and 5 parts by weight Ti0 2 .
  • This blend is then mixed with an isocyanate polymer and allowed to react at ambient temperature and pressure, to provide a flowable polyurethane composition for pouring over the PSA-coated surface of the skin 12.
  • the castor oil, the polyether polyol, and isocyanate polymer are mixed in stoichiometric amounts to provide a polyurethane blend, as is known in the art.
  • 21 parts by weight isocyanate polymer may be added to a blend comprising 50 parts by weight castor oil and 50 parts by weight of the polyether polyol.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Swimming pool safety coping element and method of manufacture thereof The present invention relates to coping elements, in particular to coping elements used around the edge of a swimming pool. A swimming pool safety coping element (10) comprises an outer layer portion (12) and an infill portion (14), the outer layer portion at least partly bounding the infill portion. The coping element is manufactured by forming the outer layer portion from a Low Surface Energy material. A pressure sensitive adhesive (16) is then applied across a first surface of the outer layer portion. In a further step, a flowable polymer composition is poured onto the first surface of the outer layer, and allowed to set, to provide the infill portion.

Description

Swimming pool safety coping element and method of manufacture thereof
The present invention relates to coping elements, in particular to coping elements used around the edge of a swimming pool.
Conventional coping elements installed around the edge of swimming pools are made from materials such as stone, concrete and reconstituted stone. Such coping stones are often formed with a bull nose or rounded exposed edge so that corners are eliminated from their profile in order to minimise the danger associated therewith. However, such coping elements remain hazardous, since if a user of the swimming pool was to slip or misjudge his entry into the water, he could collide with the coping stone and receive an injury, potentially a serious injury.
It is known from WO2009/050426 to provide coping elements having multiple portions. WO2009/050426 discloses an arrangement in which the different portions are provided with interlocking means, to allow them to be secured together. However, the provision of interlocking components (e.g. protrusions or depressions at the surface of a first portion for mating with a corresponding depression or protrusion provided on the surface of a second portion) is time-consuming and increases the cost of manufacture.
Thus, it is an aim of the present invention to provide an improved method for joining the different portions of a coping element.
Therefore, at its most general, the present invention may provide a method of manufacturing a swimming pool coping element in which an outer layer portion and an infill portion are joined using pressure sensitive adhesive. In a first aspect, the present invention may provide a method of manufacturing a swimming pool safety coping element comprising an outer layer portion and an infill portion, the outer layer portion at least partly bounding the infill portion, the method comprising the steps of:
forming the outer layer portion from a Low Surface Energy material;
applying a pressure sensitive adhesive across a first surface of the outer layer portion; and subsequently
pouring a flowable polymer composition onto the first surface of the outer layer; and
allowing the flowable polymer composition to set, to provide the infill portion.
Effectively, the method of the first aspect of the invention provides a coping element having at least two portions: the outer layer portion effectively providing a skin, having e.g. non-slip properties, while the infill portion provides the bulk mechanical properties required by the application, e.g. resilience, so as to reduce the possibility of injury arising from any collision with the coping element.
By Low Surface Energy is meant a material having a surface energy below 30 dynes/cm (0.03 N/m), preferably below 25 dynes/cm (0.025 N/m), most preferably below 23 dynes/cm (0.023 N/m). The Low Surface Energy material may comprise at least one of the following compounds: silicone, ethylene vinyl acetate, and/or a block copolymer. A suitable block copolymer may be Evoprene™. Preferably, the Low Surface Energy material comprises heat-cured silicone rubber. The outer layer portion may be formed through e.g. pressing, extrusion, or injection moulding. This may be followed by a curing step, at a temperature of e.g. 130-180°C. Additionally, materials having luminescent properties may be embedded in the outer layer portion. Suitable materials may comprise phosphors such as strontium aluminate or zinc sulphide. The luminescent material may help to define the edge of the swimming pool in conditions of low ambient light.
The provision of a Low Surface Energy material may help to ensure that the coping element is not easily wet by water e.g. from the swimming pool. Thus, by providing a coping element having a Low Surface Energy outer layer portion, it may be possible to reduce the risk of slippage on the coping element.
It has been found that Low Surface Energy materials are not easily bonded to other materials, e.g. materials typically used for the infill portion. Surprisingly, it has been found that this problem may be at least partly alleviated by applying pressure sensitive adhesive across a first surface of the outer layer portion, whereby this surface then receives the flowable polymer composition that provides the infill portion.
Preferably, the first surface of the outer layer portion is cleaned using an organic solvent, before the pressure sensitive adhesive is applied. Typically, this cleaning step is carried out using an organic solvent, such as an aromatic hydrocarbon. In a preferred example, the organic solvent may be xylene.
As is well-known in the art, a pressure sensitive adhesive is an adhesive that forms a bond when pressure is applied between the adhesive and a contacting surface. Typically, no solvent, water, or heat is needed to activate the adhesive. The pressure sensitive adhesive generally comprises an elastomer mixed with a suitable tackifier. The elastomer may be e.g. silicone rubber. The tackifier may be e.g. a silicate resin.
The pressure sensitive adhesive may be applied e.g. by brushing, painting, or spraying.
Typically, the flowable polymer composition is prepared from at least one of the following materials: vegetable oil, urethane, epoxy, latex, block copolymer, polyethylene foam, and/or polypropylene foam. A suitable vegetable oil is castor oil.
In a preferred example of the method, the flowable polymer composition is prepared from castor oil and a further polyol as starting materials. In a particularly preferred example, the further polyol is a polyether polyol. It is also preferred that the further polyol is ethylene oxide tipped. The molecular weight of the further polyol is preferably at least 3000, more preferably at least 6000.
It is possible (although less preferred) that the further polyol is a polyester polyol. Furthermore, in less preferred examples, the further polyol may be tipped with a different alkylene oxide, for example, propylene oxide.
Generally, castor oil and/or the further polyol may be mixed with an isocyanate compound, resulting in a polyurethane blend that, on setting, may provide the infill portion. Effectively, the isocyanate compound may be considered to function as a hardener for the polyol mixture. Typically, the polyol mixture comprises equal parts by weight of castor oil and the further polyol.
Typically, the infill portion comprises a filler, such as rubber crumb.
The step of allowing the polymer composition to set may be carried out at ambient temperature. Alternatively, higher temperatures may be used (e.g. 50-60°C), to decrease setting time. In a second aspect, the present invention may provide: a swimming pool safety coping element comprising an outer layer portion and an infill portion, the outer layer portion at least partly bounding the infill portion, wherein:
the outer layer portion comprises a Low Surface Energy material;
the infill portion comprises a polymer composition; and
a layer of pressure sensitive adhesive is provided between the outer layer portion and the infill portion.
The outer layer portion, the infill portion, and the layer of pressure sensitive adhesive of the coping element according to the second aspect of the invention may comprise one or more preferred features of the corresponding elements of the first aspect of the invention.
The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the following Figures in which: Figure 1 shows a cross-sectional view of a safety coping element according to an embodiment of the second aspect of the invention.
Referring to Figure 1 , a safety coping element 10 has a skin 12 that provides an outer layer portion and that partly bounds an infill portion 14. A layer of pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) 16 is sandwiched between the skin 12 and the infill portion 14, thus bonding the skin 12 to the infill portion 14.
The skin 12 is prepared using silicone rubber, which is pressed and heat-cured to provide the shape shown in Figure 1. Heat curing is carried out at a temperature of 130- 180°C. The resultant heat-cured silicon portion has a surface energy of 22 dynes/cm (0.022 N/m).
The pressure sensitive adhesive 16 is polydimethylsiloxane rubber, mixed with a silicate resin tackifier.
The skin 12 is prepared for the application of the pressure sensitive adhesive by cleaning the surface to which the PSA is to be applied, using a xylene solvent. The solvent is then allowed to evaporate. After this stage, the PSA is painted on to the cleaned surface and allowed to rest until it becomes tacky.
After this, a flowable polymer composition is poured onto the PSA-coated surface of the skin 12, and allowed to set, to provide the infill portion 14. The flowable polymer composition is made by blending the following components:
• castor oil resin: 50 parts by weight; • 6000 molecular weight ethylene oxide tipped polyether polyol (Arcol 1374 ): 50 parts by weight;
• a suitable catalyzing agent, e.g. dibutyl tin dilaurate: 0.05 parts by weight; and
• a rubber crumb filler (thermoplastic vulcanized rubber in RH31 cream colour, having a granule size of 1 -4 mm): 150 parts by weight
Optionally, 8 parts by weight of a molecular sieve may be added (e.g. zeolite) and 5 parts by weight Ti02. This blend is then mixed with an isocyanate polymer and allowed to react at ambient temperature and pressure, to provide a flowable polyurethane composition for pouring over the PSA-coated surface of the skin 12. The castor oil, the polyether polyol, and isocyanate polymer are mixed in stoichiometric amounts to provide a polyurethane blend, as is known in the art. For example, 21 parts by weight isocyanate polymer may be added to a blend comprising 50 parts by weight castor oil and 50 parts by weight of the polyether polyol.

Claims

1. A method of manufacturing a swimming pool safety coping element comprising an outer layer portion and an infill portion, the outer layer portion at least partly bounding the infill portion, the method comprising the steps of:
forming the outer layer portion from a Low Surface Energy material;
applying a pressure sensitive adhesive across a first surface of the outer layer portion; and subsequently
pouring a flowable polymer composition onto the first surface of the outer layer; and
allowing the flowable polymer composition to set, to provide the infill portion.
2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the Low Surface Energy material comprises at least one of the following compounds: silicone, ethylene vinyl acetate and/or a block copolymer.
3. A method according to claim 2, wherein the Low Surface Energy material comprises heat-cured silicone.
4. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising the further step, before the step of applying the pressure sensitive adhesive, of cleaning the first surface of the outer layer portion with an organic solvent.
5. A method according to claim 4, wherein the organic solvent is an aromatic hydrocarbon.
6. A method according to claim 5, wherein the organic solvent is xylene.
7. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the pressure sensitive adhesive comprises silicone rubber.
8. A method according to claim 7, wherein the pressure sensitive adhesive further comprises a silicate resin.
9. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the flowable polymer composition is prepared using at least one of the following components:
vegetable oil, urethane, epoxy, latex, block copolymer, polyethylene foam, and/or polypropylene foam.
10. A method according to claim 9, wherein one of the starting materials in the preparation of the flowable polymer composition is castor oil.
1 1 . A method according to claim 10, wherein one of the starting materials in the preparation of the flowable polymer composition is a polyol other than castor oil.
12. A method according to claim 11 , wherein the polyol is a polyether polyol.
13. A method according to claim 1 1 or claim 12, wherein the polyol is ethylene oxide tipped.
14. A method according to any one of claims 11 -13, wherein the polyol has a molecular weight greater than 3000.
15. A method according to any one of claims 1 1 -14, wherein the flowable polymer composition includes a filler.
16. A method according to claim 15, wherein the filler comprises rubber crumb.
17. A swimming pool safety coping element comprising an outer layer portion and an infill portion, the outer layer portion at least partly bounding the infill portion, wherein: the outer layer portion comprises a Low Surface Energy material;
the infill portion comprises a polymer composition; and
a layer of pressure sensitive adhesive is provided between the outer layer portion and the infill portion.
18. A swimming pool safety coping element according to claim 17, wherein the Low Surface Energy material comprises at least one of the following compounds: silicone, ethylene vinyl acetate and/or a block copolymer.
19. A swimming pool safety coping element according to claim 18, wherein the Low Surface Energy material comprises heat-cured silicone.
20. A swimming pool safety coping element according to any one of claims 17-19, wherein the pressure sensitive adhesive comprises silicone rubber.
21 . A swimming pool safety coping element according to claim 20, wherein the pressure sensitive adhesive further comprises a silicate resin.
22. A swimming pool safety coping element according to any one of claims 17-21 , wherein the flowable polymer composition comprises at least one of the following components:
vegetable oil, urethane, epoxy, latex, block copolymer, polyethylene foam, and/or polypropylene foam.
23. A swimming pool safety coping element according to any one of claims 17-22, wherein the flowable polymer composition includes a filler.
24. A swimming pool safety coping element according to claim 23, wherein the filler comprises rubber crumb.
PCT/GB2012/050419 2011-02-25 2012-02-24 Swimming pool safety coping element and method of manufacture thereof WO2012114116A1 (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP12707128.0A EP2678494A1 (en) 2011-02-25 2012-02-24 Swimming pool safety coping element and method of manufacture thereof
US14/001,428 US20140317839A1 (en) 2011-02-25 2012-02-24 Swimming Pool Safety Coping Element and Method of Manufacture Thereof

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB201103259A GB2488356A (en) 2011-02-25 2011-02-25 A method of manufacturing a swimming pool safety coping element
GB1103259.6 2011-02-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012114116A1 true WO2012114116A1 (en) 2012-08-30

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US (1) US20140317839A1 (en)
EP (1) EP2678494A1 (en)
GB (1) GB2488356A (en)
WO (1) WO2012114116A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104968237A (en) * 2013-02-07 2015-10-07 宝洁公司 Applicator
US10995507B2 (en) * 2018-08-09 2021-05-04 Eracles Panayiotou Swimming pool coping and methods of manufacturing and using same

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030000166A1 (en) * 2001-07-02 2003-01-02 Arignon Jean Jacques Combination pool ledges
BE1014600A6 (en) * 2002-02-01 2004-01-13 Taelemans Aime Impact protection for projecting edges of e.g. swimming pool tiles, comprises polyethylene, foam, rubber or other flexible synthetic or natural material
WO2009050426A1 (en) 2007-10-18 2009-04-23 Mark Nicholas Hempleman-Adams Swimming pool safety coping element and method of manufacturing the same
FR2925091A1 (en) * 2007-12-14 2009-06-19 Claude Emmendoerffer Sundeck for swimming pool, has ethylene propylene diene monomer coating molded directly on core constituted of light concrete reinforced of synthetic fibers, where coating and core are adhered by elastometer resin
EP2143857A1 (en) * 2007-05-09 2010-01-13 José Antonio Aguilera Galeote Border for swimming pools

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2693496B1 (en) * 1992-07-10 1994-10-07 Philippe Garderes Shock absorbing floor covering element.

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20030000166A1 (en) * 2001-07-02 2003-01-02 Arignon Jean Jacques Combination pool ledges
BE1014600A6 (en) * 2002-02-01 2004-01-13 Taelemans Aime Impact protection for projecting edges of e.g. swimming pool tiles, comprises polyethylene, foam, rubber or other flexible synthetic or natural material
EP2143857A1 (en) * 2007-05-09 2010-01-13 José Antonio Aguilera Galeote Border for swimming pools
WO2009050426A1 (en) 2007-10-18 2009-04-23 Mark Nicholas Hempleman-Adams Swimming pool safety coping element and method of manufacturing the same
FR2925091A1 (en) * 2007-12-14 2009-06-19 Claude Emmendoerffer Sundeck for swimming pool, has ethylene propylene diene monomer coating molded directly on core constituted of light concrete reinforced of synthetic fibers, where coating and core are adhered by elastometer resin

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2678494A1 (en) 2014-01-01
GB2488356A (en) 2012-08-29
US20140317839A1 (en) 2014-10-30
GB201103259D0 (en) 2011-04-13

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