JP3956757B2 - Floor slab waterproof structure - Google Patents
Floor slab waterproof structure Download PDFInfo
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- JP3956757B2 JP3956757B2 JP2002122981A JP2002122981A JP3956757B2 JP 3956757 B2 JP3956757 B2 JP 3956757B2 JP 2002122981 A JP2002122981 A JP 2002122981A JP 2002122981 A JP2002122981 A JP 2002122981A JP 3956757 B2 JP3956757 B2 JP 3956757B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- waterproof
- urethane
- floor slab
- layer
- sheet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は新規な床版防水構造を提供する。詳しくは、橋梁等の床版防水等、長期に確実な防水を要する箇所への防水を具備したアスファルト舗装の床版防水構造に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、橋梁等のコンクリート床版では、雨水等の水分が侵入するとことによる劣化亀裂の問題が生じることが言われており、防水層を介してアスファルト舗装材を設けた床版防水構造とすることが一般的である。従来、防水層としても、舗装材と同じアスファルト系のものが一般的である。この場合、舗装材と防水層が同種のアスファルト系の素材であり、各層の接着性が良好である利点を有するが、防水層としての耐久性に問題があると言われている。そこで、近年、アスファルト系防水層に代わる防水層として、高温の60℃以上でも強度を維持し、一方、低温の−30℃以下でも弾性を維持する熱硬化性樹脂のウレタン系防水層などが注目されている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記のウレタン系防水層を採用する場合の問題点として、従来、アスファルト舗装体との接合性が不十分であること、また、その接合を行うために接着層を設ける際の施工性に問題があることなどの問題があった。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、上記課題に鑑み鋭意検討を行った結果、ウレタン系防水層とアスファルト舗装体との接合において、特定の樹脂シートを利用した接着材層を設けることで、かかる課題が解決されることを見出し、本発明に到達した。
即ち、本発明は、橋梁等のコンクリート床版上に、ウレタン系防水材層、アスファルト舗装体を積層してなる床版防水構造であって、前記ウレタン系防水材層とアスファルト舗装体が熱可塑性樹脂シートを介して接合されてなり、該ウレタン系防水材層の硬化剤として、芳香族ポリアミン及び/または脂肪族ポリアミンを含有することを特徴とする床版防水構造に存する。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の床版防水構造の基本的な層構成は、コンクリート床版/ウレタン系防水材層/熱可塑性樹脂シート層/アスファルト舗装体である。
該床版防水構造を得る方法としては、コンクリート床版の表面を、通常、清掃、洗浄、乾燥後、また、必要に応じて、ショットブラスト処理を行った後、通常、ウレタン系、エポキシ系、酢酸ビニル系等の樹脂からなる接着層としての所謂プライマーを通常0.05〜1mm、好ましくは0.1〜0.5mm程度塗布し、次いで、ウレタン系防水層を施工する。
【0006】
かかるウレタン系防水材層としては、ウレタン樹脂、ウレア樹脂、ウレアウレタン樹脂等があり、一般にNCO基を有する化合物を主とする主剤と、主剤と反応して硬化させる架橋剤、充填材、添加剤等を含む硬化剤との2液を混合させ、架橋硬化して防水層を形成するものを一般に使用する。主剤としては、4,4‘−ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート(MDI)のプレポリマー及びカルボジイミド変性体等の混合物が例示され、NCO%が10〜30%程度のものが好ましい。また、硬化剤としては、芳香族ポリアミン、脂肪族ポリアミン、エチレングリコール等ジオール化合物、ポリエーテル、アミノ化ポリエーテル等、及びそれらの混合物が使用される。この2液混合型ウレタン系樹脂の特長として、引張伸度が通常100%以上、好ましくは200%以上であり、塗膜硬化速度は通常3時間以内、好ましくは1時間以内である。該ウレタン系防水材層は、スプレー塗装、ローラー塗装、刷毛塗装などによって、通常0.3〜5mm、好ましくは1〜3mm程度の厚さで塗布する。
従来、汎用されているアスファルト系の防水層では、0℃以下の低温下の伸びがなくなる。また、50℃程度の高温となると引張強度が著しく低下すると言われている。これに対して、上記のウレタン系の防水材層では、低温下も伸びを保持し床版ひび割れに追従し、また、高温下での高い引張強度が維持される。
【0007】
次に、上記のウレタン系防水材層が硬化した後、その上に、熱可塑性樹脂シートを設ける。該熱可塑性樹脂シートとしては、軟化点が通常50〜150℃、好ましくは60〜120℃、引張伸度が通常100%以上、好ましくは300%以上であり、ポリオレフィン系、ポリエステル系、ポリアミド系、ポリウレタン系、ゴム系等で、エチレン酢酸ビニル共重合体(EVA)やアイオノマー、エチレンアクリル共重合体(EAA)、スチレンブチレンエラストマー(SBS)等のシートが使用できる。
【0008】
従来、ウレタン系防水材層とアスファルト舗装体を接合するために、熱可塑性樹脂の粉末ないしペレットをウレタン系防水材層表面に散布する方法が試みられている。しかしながら、アスファルト舗装のためにトラックやフィニシャーが面上を走行することになるので、樹脂の飛散や偏りが生じ、表面に樹脂を均一に分散させにくく、結果としてウレタン系防水材層とアスファルト舗装体についての十分な接合が達成されにくい。
【0009】
これに対して、本発明での熱可塑性樹脂シートによる方法によれば、均一で強固な接着層が形成されるほか、施工も容易であり、作業時間も短縮することができる。熱可塑性樹脂シートは、通常0.05〜2kg/m2、好ましくは0.1〜0.5kg/m2の量で使用される。
また、かかる熱可塑性樹脂シートの好ましい実施態様として、複数の通気孔を有するシートが挙げられる。ここでの通気孔とは、孔径が通常0.01〜2mm、好ましくは0.1〜1mm程度ものであり、通常0.5〜5cmおきで略等間隔に設ける。かかる通気孔により、シートを設けた際の接触面でのわずかな隙間に由来する気泡が抜けやすくなるので、より均一で強固な接着層の形成が期待できる。
【0010】
更に、熱可塑性樹脂シートのその他の好ましい実施態様として、発泡シートが挙げられる。ここでの発泡シートとしては、密度が通常0.01〜0.9g/cm3、発泡倍率が通常1.1〜100倍、好ましくは2〜20倍のものである。この場合、アスファルト舗装体との接触面での密着性が向上し、この場合もより均一で強固な接着層の形成が期待できる。
なお、以上の熱可塑性樹脂シートは、施工上の観点から、ウレタン系防水材の上にウレタン系、エポキシ系、酢酸ビニル系等の樹脂からなる接着層を薄く塗布した後で、敷き詰める方法が好ましい。
【0011】
以上の熱可塑性シート層の上には、公知の構成のアスファルト舗装体が通常50〜200mm程度の厚さに積層される。アスファルト舗装体の層構成としては、基層と表層の多層構造とし、その両層との間にも、前記と同様の熱可塑性シートを敷き詰めることにより防水効果を更に高めことができる。そして、表層舗装体の打ち替え改修に際しては、表層舗装体だけを切削することで床版防水層を傷つけることなく切削できる。また、この際、再度、熱可塑性シートを設け、次いで、表層舗装体を形成させればよい。
アスファルト舗装体は、通常100℃以上、特に130〜160℃加熱押圧することで、下部の熱可塑性シートの少なくとも一部を融解させ、アスファルト層、ウレタン系防水材と熱可塑性シート層が接合一体化する。
【0012】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の具体的な実施例について説明する。
実施例1
市販のJIS規格の舗道板(30×30×6cm)のコンクリート表面をショットブラスト処理して表面を平滑化し、次に、エポキシ樹脂を主成分とするプライマーをローラー塗布した(厚さ0.2mm)。乾燥後に常温硬化2液型ポリウレタン樹脂防水材(商品名:エフレタン ES)を、スプレーガンにて塗布した。この塗布した防水層が完全硬化した後、ウレタン系接着材をローラー塗布し(厚さ2.5mm)、次いで、接着層として、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体からなるシート(EVAシート)を敷き詰めた。更に、このEVAシート上に、常法により160℃で加熱されたアスファルト舗装(厚さ10cm)を施し、本発明の床版防水構造を有する試作品を得た。
上記の試作品のアスファルト表面の中央部より8×8cmサイズの試験用片を切り出し、引張接着強度とせん断強度を測定した結果を表−1に示す。
【0013】
実施例2、比較例1,2
実施例1において、防水層とアスファルト舗装体の間に介在させる接着層の形態を表−1のように変更した以外は、実施例1と同様な方法で各試作品を製造し、物性を測定した。結果を表−1に示す。
なお、比較例1のペレット状EVAを使用した場合は実施例と同程度の物性を示したが、実施例と比較して過剰の樹脂量を使用している。
【0014】
【表1】
【0015】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、施工性に優れ、また、橋梁等の床版防水等、長期に確実な防水を要する箇所への防水を具備したアスファルト舗装の床版防水構造を提供する。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a novel floor slab waterproofing structure. More specifically, the present invention relates to a floor slab waterproofing structure for asphalt pavement that has waterproofing to places that require reliable waterproofing for a long period of time, such as floor slab waterproofing for bridges and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, concrete floor slabs such as bridges are said to have a problem of deterioration cracks due to the intrusion of moisture such as rainwater, etc., and floor slab waterproof structure with asphalt pavement material provided through a waterproof layer Is common. Conventionally, as a waterproof layer, the same asphalt type as the paving material is generally used. In this case, the pavement material and the waterproof layer are the same type of asphalt material, and each layer has an advantage of good adhesion, but it is said that there is a problem in durability as the waterproof layer. Therefore, in recent years, urethane-based waterproofing layers of thermosetting resins that maintain strength even at high temperatures of 60 ° C. or higher, while maintaining elasticity even at low temperatures of −30 ° C. or lower, have attracted attention as waterproof layers that replace asphalt waterproof layers. Has been.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, as a problem when adopting the above urethane-based waterproof layer, conventionally, the bondability with the asphalt pavement is insufficient, and the workability when providing an adhesive layer for the bonding There were problems such as problems.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies in view of the above problems, the present inventors have solved this problem by providing an adhesive layer using a specific resin sheet in joining the urethane waterproof layer and the asphalt pavement. The present invention was reached.
That is, the present invention is a floor slab waterproof structure in which a urethane waterproof layer and an asphalt pavement are laminated on a concrete floor slab such as a bridge, and the urethane waterproof layer and the asphalt pavement are thermoplastic. Ri Na is bonded via the resin sheet, as a curing agent of the urethane-based waterproofing material layer lies in the deck waterproofing structure characterized in that it contains an aromatic polyamine and / or aliphatic polyamines.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The basic layer structure of the floor slab waterproof structure of the present invention is concrete floor slab / urethane waterproof layer / thermoplastic resin sheet layer / asphalt pavement.
As a method for obtaining the floor slab waterproof structure, the surface of the concrete slab is usually cleaned, washed, dried, and, if necessary, after shot blasting, usually urethane, epoxy, A so-called primer as an adhesive layer made of a vinyl acetate resin or the like is usually applied to 0.05 to 1 mm, preferably about 0.1 to 0.5 mm, and then a urethane waterproof layer is applied.
[0006]
Examples of such urethane waterproof layers include urethane resins, urea resins, urea urethane resins, and the like. In general, a main agent mainly composed of a compound having an NCO group, and a crosslinking agent, a filler, and an additive that are cured by reacting with the main agent. In general, a liquid that mixes two liquids with a curing agent containing, etc., and forms a waterproof layer by crosslinking and curing. Examples of the main agent include a mixture of a prepolymer of 4,4′-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), a modified carbodiimide, and the like, preferably having an NCO% of about 10 to 30%. As the curing agent, aromatic polyamines, aliphatic polyamines, diol compounds such as ethylene glycol, polyethers, aminated polyethers, and the like, and mixtures thereof are used. As a feature of this two-component mixed urethane resin, the tensile elongation is usually 100% or more, preferably 200% or more, and the coating film curing rate is usually within 3 hours, preferably within 1 hour. The urethane waterproof layer is applied by spray coating, roller coating, brush coating, or the like, usually at a thickness of about 0.3 to 5 mm, preferably about 1 to 3 mm.
Conventionally, a widely used asphalt waterproof layer does not stretch at a low temperature of 0 ° C. or lower. Further, it is said that the tensile strength is remarkably lowered at a high temperature of about 50 ° C. On the other hand, the urethane-based waterproof material layer maintains elongation even at low temperatures, follows floor slab cracks, and maintains high tensile strength at high temperatures.
[0007]
Next, after the urethane waterproof material layer is cured, a thermoplastic resin sheet is provided thereon. As the thermoplastic resin sheet, the softening point is usually 50 to 150 ° C., preferably 60 to 120 ° C., the tensile elongation is usually 100% or more, preferably 300% or more, polyolefin-based, polyester-based, polyamide-based, Sheets of ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ionomer, ethylene acrylic copolymer (EAA), styrene butylene elastomer (SBS), etc. can be used for polyurethane, rubber and the like.
[0008]
Conventionally, in order to join a urethane waterproof material layer and an asphalt pavement, a method of spraying thermoplastic resin powder or pellets on the surface of the urethane waterproof material layer has been attempted. However, since trucks and finishers run on the surface for asphalt pavement, resin scattering and unevenness occur, making it difficult to uniformly disperse the resin on the surface. As a result, urethane waterproof layer and asphalt pavement Sufficient bonding is difficult to achieve.
[0009]
On the other hand, according to the method using the thermoplastic resin sheet in the present invention, a uniform and strong adhesive layer is formed, the construction is easy, and the working time can be shortened. The thermoplastic resin sheet is usually used in an amount of 0.05 to 2 kg / m2, preferably 0.1 to 0.5 kg / m2.
Moreover, the sheet | seat which has a some ventilation hole is mentioned as a preferable embodiment of this thermoplastic resin sheet. The air holes here have a hole diameter of usually 0.01 to 2 mm, preferably about 0.1 to 1 mm, and are usually provided at substantially equal intervals at intervals of 0.5 to 5 cm. Such air holes make it easier for air bubbles derived from a slight gap on the contact surface when the sheet is provided to be removed, so that a more uniform and strong adhesive layer can be expected.
[0010]
Furthermore, another preferred embodiment of the thermoplastic resin sheet is a foam sheet. The foamed sheet here has a density of usually 0.01 to 0.9 g / cm 3 and a foaming ratio of usually 1.1 to 100 times, preferably 2 to 20 times. In this case, the adhesion at the contact surface with the asphalt pavement is improved, and in this case also, formation of a more uniform and strong adhesive layer can be expected.
In addition, from the viewpoint of construction, the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin sheet is preferably a method in which an adhesive layer made of a resin such as urethane, epoxy, or vinyl acetate is thinly applied on a urethane waterproof material and then spread. .
[0011]
On the above thermoplastic sheet layer, a known asphalt pavement is usually laminated to a thickness of about 50 to 200 mm. As the layer structure of the asphalt pavement, a waterproof structure can be further enhanced by forming a multilayer structure of a base layer and a surface layer and laying a thermoplastic sheet similar to the above between both layers. And in the replacement repair of the surface pavement, the floor slab waterproof layer can be cut without damaging by cutting only the surface pavement. At this time, a thermoplastic sheet may be provided again, and then a surface pavement may be formed.
Asphalt pavement is usually heated at 100 ° C or higher, especially 130-160 ° C to melt at least part of the lower thermoplastic sheet, and asphalt layer, urethane waterproof material and thermoplastic sheet layer are joined and integrated. To do.
[0012]
【Example】
Hereinafter, specific examples of the present invention will be described.
Example 1
A concrete surface of a commercially available JIS standard pavement board (30 × 30 × 6 cm) is shot blasted to smooth the surface, and then a primer mainly composed of an epoxy resin is applied with a roller (thickness 0.2 mm). . After drying, a room temperature curing two-component polyurethane resin waterproofing material (trade name: Efletane ES) was applied with a spray gun. After the applied waterproof layer was completely cured, a urethane adhesive was applied with a roller (thickness: 2.5 mm), and then a sheet made of an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA sheet) was spread as an adhesive layer. . Furthermore, asphalt pavement (thickness 10 cm) heated at 160 ° C. was applied on this EVA sheet by a conventional method, and a prototype having a floor slab waterproof structure of the present invention was obtained.
Table 1 shows the results of cutting out a test piece of 8 × 8 cm size from the central part of the asphalt surface of the prototype and measuring the tensile bond strength and the shear strength.
[0013]
Example 2, Comparative Examples 1 and 2
In Example 1, except that the form of the adhesive layer interposed between the waterproof layer and the asphalt pavement was changed as shown in Table 1, each prototype was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the physical properties were measured. did. The results are shown in Table-1.
In addition, although the physical property comparable as the Example was shown when the pellet-form EVA of the comparative example 1 was used, the excess amount of resin is used compared with the Example.
[0014]
[Table 1]
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, there is provided an asphalt pavement floor slab waterproofing structure that is excellent in workability and has waterproofing to places that require reliable waterproofing over a long period of time, such as floor slab waterproofing for bridges and the like.
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2002122981A JP3956757B2 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2002-04-24 | Floor slab waterproof structure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP2002122981A JP3956757B2 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2002-04-24 | Floor slab waterproof structure |
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JP2003313817A JP2003313817A (en) | 2003-11-06 |
JP3956757B2 true JP3956757B2 (en) | 2007-08-08 |
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JP2002122981A Expired - Fee Related JP3956757B2 (en) | 2002-04-24 | 2002-04-24 | Floor slab waterproof structure |
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WO2012020844A1 (en) | 2010-08-13 | 2012-02-16 | 株式会社ダイフレックス | Method for achieving water-proofing practice for floor slab |
JP2012041680A (en) * | 2010-08-13 | 2012-03-01 | Dyflex Corp | Execution method of floor slab waterproof construction method |
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