WO2012113273A1 - 天线管理装置和方法 - Google Patents

天线管理装置和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012113273A1
WO2012113273A1 PCT/CN2012/070409 CN2012070409W WO2012113273A1 WO 2012113273 A1 WO2012113273 A1 WO 2012113273A1 CN 2012070409 W CN2012070409 W CN 2012070409W WO 2012113273 A1 WO2012113273 A1 WO 2012113273A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
radio link
access network
scheduling
link cluster
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2012/070409
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭欣
Original Assignee
索尼公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 索尼公司 filed Critical 索尼公司
Priority to EP12749519.0A priority Critical patent/EP2680631B1/en
Priority to JP2013553770A priority patent/JP5895945B2/ja
Priority to EP20151244.9A priority patent/EP3661246A1/en
Priority to US13/982,318 priority patent/US9042305B2/en
Publication of WO2012113273A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012113273A1/zh
Priority to US14/718,794 priority patent/US9419758B2/en
Priority to US15/237,229 priority patent/US9723492B2/en
Priority to US15/663,074 priority patent/US20170332244A1/en
Priority to US15/868,473 priority patent/US10440585B2/en

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/14Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/02Resource partitioning among network components, e.g. reuse partitioning
    • H04W16/10Dynamic resource partitioning
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/003Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0037Inter-user or inter-terminal allocation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W74/00Wireless channel access
    • H04W74/04Scheduled access

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and more particularly to an antenna management apparatus and method.
  • next-generation networks are rapidly evolving to the Next Generation Network (NGN) with Internet Protocol (IP).
  • NNGN Next Generation Network
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • Another important feature of next-generation networks is the coexistence of multiple wireless technologies to form heterogeneous wireless access networks.
  • the heterogeneous wireless access network has a rich and diverse composition: it can be divided into a wide area network (WAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), and a local area network (Local Area Network).
  • WAN wide area network
  • MAN metropolitan area network
  • Local Area Network Local Area Network
  • LAN Local Area Network
  • PAN Personal Area Network
  • Do-hop Network Do-hop Network
  • Multi-hop Network Point-to-Multipoint
  • All or part of these non-access networks access the core network with IP as ⁇ fill by wire or wirelessly to obtain services for users. Therefore, the access network can be connected to a Heterogeneous Access Network Manager, and the access network can be managed by the device.
  • Heterogeneous wireless access networks have rich connotations from the perspectives of wireless technology, coverage, network architecture, and network performance. They form stereoscopic coverage in geographic distribution and work together to provide users with ubiquitous content. Rich wireless multimedia services. Relatively speaking, the radio transmission resources used by these access networks are sparse.
  • the wireless access network can interconnect information through the IP-based core network, providing an opportunity to improve resource utilization.
  • heterogeneous radio access networks form stereo coverage, which has resource competition and interference, which brings difficulties for effective resource utilization. Therefore, there is a need to design an effective antenna management apparatus and method for efficient resource utilization of next generation networks. Summary of the invention
  • the present invention aims to at least solve the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art, improve the reuse opportunities of spectrum resources, and thereby realize efficient use of resources of next generation networks.
  • an antenna management method including: collecting resource usage information from a managed access network; and from the managed access network according to the resource usage information
  • the access network participating in the antenna scheduling is selected to form an antenna scheduling set, and the access networks using the same spectrum resource are configured to form the same antenna scheduling set; and the wireless link of each access network in the antenna scheduling set is divided into one or more a plurality of radio link clusters, each radio link cluster comprising one or more radio links having the same transmitting node or the same receiving node in the same access network; scheduling all radio link clusters in the set for the antenna
  • the radio resources are allocated such that mutual interference between all radio link clusters in the antenna scheduling set is within a predetermined range; and the radio resource allocation result is transmitted to the access network where each radio link cluster is located.
  • an antenna management apparatus including: a resource usage information collector for collecting resource usage information from a managed access network; and an antenna scheduler, including: An antenna selector, configured to select, according to the resource usage information, an access network that participates in antenna scheduling from the managed access network to form an antenna scheduling set, and use an access network that uses the same spectrum resource to form an same antenna scheduling set; a link cluster divider, configured to divide a radio link of each access network in the antenna scheduling set into one or more radio link clusters, where each radio link cluster includes the same access network One or more radio links of the same transmitting node or the same receiving node; and a resource scheduler for allocating radio resources to all radio link clusters in the antenna scheduling set such that the antenna scheduling set Mutual interference between all radio link clusters is within a predetermined range, and the radio resource allocation result is transmitted to the access network where each radio link cluster is located.
  • An antenna selector configured to select, according to the resource usage information, an access network that participates in antenna scheduling from the managed access network to form an antenna scheduling set, and use an
  • an access network participating in antenna scheduling in a managed access network is divided into different antenna scheduling sets, and an access network using the same spectrum resource is composed of the same Antenna scheduling set; ⁇ wireless links of access networks are divided into one or more Radio link clusters; all radio link clusters in the antenna scheduling set are allocated radio resources such that mutual interference between all radio link clusters in the antenna scheduling set is within a predetermined range.
  • the radio resources are allocated in units of radio link clusters as compared with the case of allocating resources in units of a single radio link, which reduces the amount of calculation required for antenna scheduling.
  • another aspect of the present invention also provides a computing product sequence product, the computer program product storing computer readable instruction code, which when read and executed by a computer, causes The computer performs an antenna management process, where the antenna management process includes: collecting resource usage information from the managed access network; and selecting, according to the resource usage information, a participant participating in the antenna scheduling from the managed access network.
  • the access network constitutes an antenna scheduling set, and the access network using the same spectrum resource constitutes the same antenna scheduling set; and the wireless link of each access network in the antenna scheduling set is divided into one or more wireless link clusters, Each radio link cluster includes one or more radio links having the same transmitting node or the same receiving node in the same access network; allocating radio resources to all radio link clusters in the antenna scheduling set to enable Mutual interference between all radio link clusters in the antenna scheduling set is within a predetermined range; and transmitting radio resource allocation results Each wireless link cluster where the access network.
  • another aspect of the present invention provides a storage medium carrying a program product storing a computer readable instruction code, which is read and executed by a computer Having the computer perform an antenna management process, the antenna management process comprising: collecting resource usage information from the managed access network; and selecting participating antenna scheduling from the managed access network according to the resource usage information
  • the access network constitutes an antenna scheduling set, and the access networks using the same spectrum resource constitute the same antenna scheduling set; the wireless link of each access network in the antenna scheduling set is divided into one or more wireless links a cluster, each radio link cluster comprising one or more radio links having the same transmitting node or the same receiving node in the same access network; allocating radio resources to all radio link clusters in the antenna scheduling set, Making mutual interference between all radio link clusters in the antenna scheduling set within a predetermined range; and transmitting radio resource allocation results Each wireless link to the access network cluster is located.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a heterogeneous wireless access network in the prior art.
  • Figure 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between an antenna management apparatus and a radio access network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of an antenna management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a flow chart showing an antenna management method implemented by the antenna management apparatus of the present embodiment.
  • Figure 5 illustrates a flow diagram for collecting information by a resource usage information collector in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 shows a flow chart for collecting information by a resource usage information collector in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 shows a flow diagram of resource scheduling by a resource usage efficiency analyzer, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 illustrates a flow diagram of constructing an antenna scheduling set by an antenna selector in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 9 shows a flow diagram of constructing an antenna scheduling set by an antenna selector in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 10 shows a schematic representation of a representation of an antenna scheduling object in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 11 shows a flow diagram of radio resource allocation by a resource scheduler, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 12 illustrates a 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 2 diagram of a cluster of independent scheduled link groups selected by a resource scheduler in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram of antenna beam setup in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 14 shows a schematic block diagram of a computer that can be used to implement a method and apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between an antenna management apparatus and a radio access network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • an antenna management apparatus may reside in a heterogeneous access network manager to vary the jurisdiction of the heterogeneous access network manager. Construct a radio access network for antenna management.
  • the antenna management apparatus can reside in the backbone network of an access network and perform antenna management on several adjacent cells in the access network.
  • the antenna management apparatus may also reside in the base station BS1 of an access network, and the heterogeneous access network formed by the access network itself and other adjacent access networks. Perform antenna management.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic block diagram of an antenna management apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the antenna management device 300 includes a resource usage information collector 310 for collecting resource usage status data from the managed access network, and an antenna scheduler 320 for collecting resource usage status data according to the resource usage information collector 310. Antenna scheduling is performed on the access network, and the antenna scheduling result is sent to the access network.
  • the antenna management apparatus 300 may further include a resource usage efficiency analyzer 330 shown by a dashed box in FIG. 3, for analyzing resource usage status data, discovering an access network with low resource utilization, and initiating Antenna scheduling.
  • the antenna management apparatus 300 may further include a storage apparatus to store resource usage status data of the collected radio access network.
  • the storage device is, for example, a resource usage status database (Data Base, shown as DB in Fig. 3) 340 shown in broken lines in Fig. 3. It will be appreciated that resource usage status data may also be stored in other forms of storage.
  • the various components described above, shown in dashed boxes, are merely preferred or alternative implementations and are not required to be included in the antenna management device 300. Additionally, it should be understood that in addition to the resource usage information collector 310 and the antenna scheduler 320, the antenna management device 300 can also include any combination of the various components described above, shown in dashed boxes.
  • Fig. 4 is a flow chart showing an antenna management method implemented by the antenna management apparatus of the present embodiment.
  • the resource usage information collector 310 of the antenna management apparatus 300 collects resource usage status data from the managed access network.
  • the resource usage status data collected by the resource usage information collector 310 is, for example, the wireless resources used by each access network, the adopted wireless technology, the change of resource utilization with time or space, and the like.
  • resource usage information collector 310 can also collect an antenna scheduling request from the managed access network, which will be described later.
  • resource usage information both resource usage status data and antenna scheduling requests may be referred to as resource usage information.
  • step S420 the antenna selector 321 in the antenna scheduler 320 selects an access network participating in the antenna scheduling from the managed access network to form an antenna scheduling set according to the resource usage status data.
  • the access network using the same spectrum resource constitutes the same antenna scheduling set.
  • step 430 link cluster divider 322 in antenna scheduler 320 divides the wireless link of each access network in the antenna scheduling set into one or more wireless link clusters.
  • each radio link cluster includes one or more radio links having the same transmitting node or the same receiving node in the same access network.
  • the resource scheduler 323 in the antenna scheduler 320 allocates radio resources to all the radio link clusters in the antenna scheduling set such that the mutual interference between the radio link clusters is within a predetermined range.
  • the radio resource may be a time domain resource, a frequency domain resource, a code domain resource, or any combination thereof.
  • the antenna scheduler 320 divides the access network participating in the antenna scheduling into an antenna scheduling set, divides the radio link of each access network into radio link clusters, and allocates all radio link clusters in the antenna scheduling set. Radio resources to complete antenna scheduling.
  • step S450 the resource scheduler 323 in the antenna scheduler 320 transmits the radio resource allocation result as an antenna scheduling result to the access network where the radio link cluster is located.
  • the steps given here do not limit the order of execution.
  • the step S430 of dividing the radio link cluster may also be performed before the step S420 of composing the antenna scheduling set, and the radio link cluster division may be performed for each of the managed access networks.
  • the process of collecting information by the resource usage information collector 310 will be described below with reference to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.
  • the resource usage information collector 310 may collect resource usage information by periodically transmitting an information collection request to the managed access network, or may collect resource usage information by receiving information data actively sent by the managed access network. Figure 5 and Figure 6 Examples of these two cases are shown separately.
  • resource usage information is actively collected by the resource usage information collector 310. This type of collection generally occurs periodically.
  • step S510 the antenna management apparatus, specifically, the resource usage information collector 310, sends an information collection request, such as information collection request signaling, to each access network.
  • an information collection request such as information collection request signaling
  • the identifier may carry an identifier of the target information to be collected as needed. In this way, the access network can transmit corresponding information accordingly to reduce network traffic.
  • step S520 after receiving the information collection request, the network access determines whether to perform information transmission according to whether it has information update.
  • step S530 the access network will collect information response signaling
  • InfoCollect _ reply is set to Tme and sent to the antenna management device to inform the antenna management device that the access network has information to transmit. If there is no information update, then in step S560, the access network will
  • InfoCollect _ reply is set to False and sent to the antenna management device to inform the antenna management device that the access network has no information to send.
  • the resource usage information collector 310 determines after receiving the response signaling. If response signaling
  • step S540 the resource usage information collector 310 prepares for reception, and sends information reception signaling to the access network. Info Receive_ready 0 If the response signaling InfoCollect_replies 7Q False, then The resource usage information collector 310 does nothing.
  • step S550 the information data InfoData is transmitted to the antenna management apparatus.
  • resource usage information collection is initiated by the access network. This type of collection typically occurs when the performance of the access network changes dramatically.
  • step S610 the access network sends an information transmission request, for example, information transmission request signaling, to the antenna management apparatus 300, specifically, to the resource usage information collector 310.
  • an information transmission request for example, information transmission request signaling
  • step S620 after receiving the request, the resource usage information collector 310 determines whether to receive the information according to the status.
  • step S630 the resource usage information collector 310 directly transmits the information transmission response signaling InfoSend_reply to True and transmits to the access network to notify the access network to allow reception. If the reception is rejected (for example, because the current network load is heavy), then in step S650, the resource usage information collector 310 directly converts the InfoSend_reply to False and sends it to the access network. In order to notify the access network to refuse to receive.
  • the access network After receiving the InfoSend_reply of True, the access network sends the information data InfoData to the resource usage information collector 310. If the access network receives 3 ⁇ 4 ⁇ , then do nothing.
  • the resource usage information collector 310 receives the information data
  • the information data is classified. If it is an antenna scheduling request signaling AntennaSchedule_request, the signaling is forwarded to the antenna scheduler 320 to initiate antenna scheduling. If it is resource usage status data, the data is stored in a storage device, such as resource usage status database 340, and an information analysis request signaling InfoAnalyze_request is sent to resource utilization efficiency analyzer 330 to initiate resource usage efficiency analysis.
  • the resource usage status database 340 is primarily used to store resource usage status data for an access network governed by the antenna management device 300.
  • the contents of the database 340 may contain information between the internal information of the access network and the access network.
  • the internal information of the access network is mainly obtained by collecting resource usage status information.
  • the internal information of the access network includes, for example, the spectrum resources used by the access network, the adopted wireless technology, and the architecture of the access network (such as antenna characteristics and distribution, cell coverage, link relationships in a multi-hop network, etc.) , resource usage statistics of the access network.
  • the resource usage statistics of the access network may include statistics of power control changes over time, utilization of radio resources over time, changes in the signal-to-noise ratio of the user with the location, and changes in the number of users over time.
  • the information between the access networks includes, for example, the relative position and distance between the access networks (specifically, the relative position and distance between the antennas), the statistical information of the interference conditions between the access networks, and the like.
  • Information between access networks can be obtained using a variety of existing methods. For example, in the days when GPS is commonly used, GPS can be used to locate the specific physical location of each access network, thereby calculating the relative position and distance between the access networks.
  • the resource usage status database 340 can provide data and updates by the resource usage information collector 310, providing the antenna scheduler 320 and the resource usage efficiency analyzer 330 with the data required for operation.
  • the resource usage efficiency analyzer 330 determines the access network with low resource utilization by analyzing the resource usage status data collected by the resource usage information collector 310. For example, the resource usage efficiency analyzer 330 may query the resource usage status database 340 to select an access network whose resource utilization is lower than a predetermined threshold U tiliz tionRate Th as the object set u.
  • the resource utilization of the access network can be expressed as the average of the ratio of system throughput to system capacity over a period of time.
  • step S720 the resource usage efficiency analyzer 330 determines whether the resource utilization rate is caused by interference.
  • the low resource utilization rate is caused by many factors, such as the fact that the number of users who may work is small, which may be due to the low total bandwidth requirement of the service, which may be caused by interference from other access networks, and so on.
  • antenna scheduling is required only when the resource utilization caused by interference is low.
  • the resource usage efficiency analyzer 330 may determine whether the resource utilization is caused by interference by the following method: For the access network set selected in step S710 [/, examine each of the access networks in a certain period of time in the past Average signal-to-noise ratio H If the average signal-to-noise ratio is lower than the predetermined threshold ⁇ 3 ⁇ 4 , it indicates that the access network is subjected to large interference, and it can be considered that the low resource utilization rate is caused by interference. If the average signal to noise ratio is higher than the predetermined threshold ⁇ , it indicates that the access network is less interfered, and it can be considered that the low resource utilization is not caused by interference, and the access network can be removed from the set [/.
  • the elements in the access network set t/ finally obtained by the above method are access networks with low resource utilization and severe interference, and antenna scheduling is required. Of course, other existing methods can also be used to determine whether the low resource utilization is caused by interference.
  • step S720 If it is judged in step S720 that the resource utilization of the access network is low due to interference, indicating that the antenna scheduling needs to be enabled, the resource usage efficiency analyzer 330 initiates the antenna scheduling in step S730. Or, when the set t/ is not empty, the resource usage efficiency analyzer 330 initiates antenna scheduling. This can be done by sending an antenna scheduling request signaling AntennaSchedule_ request to the antenna scheduler 320. If it is determined in step S720 that the resource utilization rate of the access network is not caused by interference, the resource usage efficiency analyzer 330 determines in step S740 that the access network does not need to perform antenna scheduling.
  • the Resource Usage Efficiency Analyzer 330 can also be used to maintain a resource usage status database. Part of the results of the resource utilization analysis is helpful for future antenna management, so it can be stored in the resource usage status database 340 after determining whether antenna scheduling is required. For example, the access network that determines that the interference causes the resource utilization to be low in step S720, and thus needs to perform antenna scheduling, is marked. When the resource usage information collector 310 performs information collection, it is possible to specifically target these marked access networks to improve the efficiency of the antenna management apparatus.
  • the operation of the antenna scheduler 320 to perform antenna scheduling on the access network to allocate radio resources may be initiated by the access network or initiated by the resource usage efficiency analyzer 330.
  • the antenna scheduler 320 forms an antenna scheduling set by the access network participating in the antenna scheduling according to the resource usage state data obtainable from the resource usage state database 340, and allocates radio resources to the wireless link cluster in the antenna scheduling set to complete Antenna scheduling.
  • the selection of the antenna selector 321 in the antenna scheduler 320 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9.
  • the access network participating in the antenna scheduling constitutes an operation of the antenna scheduling set.
  • the antenna selector 321 is based on network characteristics of the access network, such as coverage, geographical distribution, used spectrum resources, adopted wireless technology, and spectrum utilization efficiency. And other factors, the access network is selected to form a candidate antenna scheduling set. Access networks that use the same spectrum resources are divided into the same candidate antenna scheduling set. As an example, two methods of selecting an access network to compose a candidate antenna scheduling set are given below.
  • the set of radio access networks governed by the antenna management apparatus 300 is V, where each element represents an access network V e V.
  • the set of available resources is s, where each element ses represents a piece of spectrum resource.
  • the antenna selector 321 selects a radio access network using the spectrum resource ss from V to form a candidate antenna scheduling set; selects a radio access network using the spectrum resource from V to form a candidate antenna scheduling set 2 ; and so on, from V
  • a disjoint set of candidate antennas that need to perform antenna scheduling is selected, ⁇ ..., ⁇ ', ie ' ⁇ and nt / iM ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ /, as a candidate antenna scheduling set.
  • the antenna selector 321 queries whether the access network in the candidate antenna scheduling set participates in the current antenna scheduling.
  • the antenna selector 321 sends a Join Scheduling Request (U 1 ) to the access network in the ⁇ , and asks whether it joins the antenna scheduling of the current set; sends a signaling JoinSchedule request to the access network in t/ 2 (U 2 ), ask whether it joins the antenna scheduling of this ⁇ 2 set; and ask all other sets t/ 3 , ... , t/, in turn.
  • the antenna selector 321 receives feedback on whether or not to participate in antenna scheduling.
  • Each access network determines whether to participate in the current antenna scheduling according to its own priority, resource utilization, and performance statistics, and participates in scheduling response signaling.
  • JoinSchedule _ reply is fed back to the antenna selector: if it is T e, it means participation; if it is, it means not participating.
  • Each access network may also return the respective resource demand and pre-scheduling results to the antenna selector 321 as reference information for antenna scheduling.
  • step S840 the antenna selector 321 finally determines each according to the feedback of the network.
  • an access network that does not participate in the current scheduling may be removed from the candidate antenna scheduling set, or an access network that does not participate in the scheduling may be marked.
  • Feedback from the access network can include the following types.
  • [72] (2) is also a high priority access network ⁇ 2 due to lower resource utilization over time, they agreed to participate antenna scheduling, hope in performance gains.
  • the access network has low priority on resource occupation, and cannot obtain resources when there is resource competition with users with higher priority, and statistics show that the access network has less chance of obtaining resources for a long period of time. . Then v 3 wants to participate in antenna scheduling to get more resources to use.
  • the access network has a low priority on resource occupation. Although it has not performed well in the past ten days, it still performs well. Therefore, it is hoped that it will not participate in antenna scheduling according to its own scheduling scheme.
  • the antenna selector 321 classifies the access networks in the candidate set into four categories according to whether or not to participate in antenna scheduling and the priority level of spectrum usage: the first type has a high priority for the frequency use. Do not participate in antenna scheduling; Class 2 uses high priority for frequency use and participates in antenna scheduling; Class 3 uses low priority for frequency transmission but does not participate in antenna scheduling; Class 4 uses low priority for frequency usage and participates in scheduling.
  • the antenna management device 300 can take different processing strategies. For example, for the Type 1 access network, the pre-scheduling result provided by the access network is used as a reference for antenna scheduling. When performing radio resource allocation, it is avoided to affect the scheduling result. Antenna scheduling is performed on the Type 2 access network and the radio resources are preferentially allocated to ensure high resource utilization. No action is taken on the Type 3 access network. Antenna scheduling for Category 4 access networks does not guarantee wireless resource usage opportunities.
  • step S910 the antenna selector 321 inquires whether or not the access network governed by the antenna management apparatus participates in antenna scheduling.
  • step S920 the antenna manager 321 receives each access network about whether to participate in antenna scheduling. Feedback.
  • step S930 the antenna manager 321 selects an access network participating in the antenna scheduling to form an antenna scheduling set according to the feedback of the access network, and the access network using the same spectrum resource is divided into the same candidate antenna scheduling set.
  • the link cluster divider 322 in the antenna scheduler 320 divides the wireless link of each access network in the antenna scheduling set into one or more wireless link clusters,
  • the resource scheduler 323 allocates radio resources for all radio link clusters in the antenna scheduling set such that mutual interference between all radio link clusters is within a predetermined range.
  • the antenna scheduling object is actually the wireless link cluster in the access network participating in the scheduling.
  • the object of scheduling is usually the wireless link in the access network to participate in the scheduling.
  • Wireless networks especially wireless communication networks, have a large number of wireless chains, and scheduling needs to be performed periodically.
  • the wireless links are clustered to form a wireless link cluster, with the wireless link cluster as the scheduling unit.
  • one possible wireless link clustering method is:
  • each wireless link between infrastructure nodes independently forms a wireless link cluster; the wireless link between users including the infrastructure and its direct services constitutes A wireless link cluster between the infrastructure and the user, in particular, the downlink wireless link between the infrastructure and a plurality of users directly serving it can form one or more wireless link clusters, the infrastructure and multiple of its direct Uplink wireless links between users of the service may form one or more wireless link clusters.
  • Each wireless link independently forms a wireless link cluster.
  • a radio link cluster may consist of one or more radio links in the same access network that have the same transmitting node or the same receiving node.
  • the following parameters may be employed to describe the wireless link cluster in an embodiment in accordance with the present invention.
  • Radio link cluster identification involves antenna identifier and link cluster direction identifier
  • the antenna identifier is a unique identifier that the antenna has within the jurisdiction of the heterogeneous access network manager to which it belongs, and may consist of the cell identifier Cdl - id and the antenna identifier SubceU - id of the antenna in the cell.
  • the link cluster direction identifier Direction_M is only for access networks with a central control node. There are two link cluster directions: the uplink cluster is the direction in which the data stream flows to the central control node, and the downlink cluster DL is the direction in which the data stream is away from the central control node. [87] A possible identification method is given below as an example.
  • the radio link cluster (including a single radio link) between infrastructure nodes (eg, base stations and relay stations) is identified by the transmit and receive antennas (txAntenna _ id , rxAntenna _ id
  • the radio link cluster between the ⁇ fiil facility node and the user is identified by the direction of the antenna and the link cluster.
  • the downlink cluster is identified by the transmit antenna and the downlink cluster direction (txAntenna_id, DL) 9
  • the radio link cluster at this time contains the downlink radio link between the infrastructure and a plurality of users directly serving it;
  • the uplink cluster is identified by the receiving antenna and the uplink cluster direction, and is denoted as rxAntenna — id , UL ), at this time the radio link cluster contains the uplink radio link between the ⁇ ! facility and a plurality of users whose direct monthly service.
  • the radio link cluster (containing a single radio link) is identified by the transmit and receive antennas of the included radio link, denoted (txAntenna_id, rxAntenna_id).
  • Transmitting antenna types for wireless link clusters include omnidirectional antennas ( Omni-directional
  • FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram of a representation of an antenna scheduling object in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. In the picture, .
  • For the antenna position.
  • For the reference direction, the same reference direction will be used for antennas within the jurisdiction of the same heterogeneous access network manager.
  • S is the radiation angle of the antenna beam.
  • the omnidirectional antenna has an S value of 36 0 ⁇
  • the 120 degree directional antenna has a value of ⁇
  • the smart antenna has a value range of ⁇ ⁇ 36 ⁇ ⁇ . It is the radiation angle of the antenna beam with respect to the reference direction deflection angle, and generally ⁇ ⁇ to full value of the antenna. It is the radiation radius of the antenna beam, which can be defined as the average distance from the antenna position to the position where the signal field strength decays below a predetermined threshold.
  • the result of the power control will affect the value, usually the power control makes several discrete values in the range, the maximum value of r.
  • the beam description of the antenna set will be described by the envelope of the antenna beam of each transmit antenna in the set of antennas.
  • the envelope of the antenna ensemble beam is defined as the convex curve with the smallest area of the antenna beam containing all the transmitting antennas. In actual calculations, for the least amount of calculation, the sector with the smallest area including all antenna beams (including the circle) can be used.
  • the transmit antenna of the radio link cluster is treated as an omnidirectional antenna, that is, the transmit antenna type of the radio link cluster is an omnidirectional antenna; if the approximation is a fan shape, the transmit antenna of the radio link cluster is used. It is treated as a directional antenna, that is, the type of the transmitting antenna of the wireless link cluster is a directional antenna.
  • the antenna beam of the radio link cluster refers to the antenna beam of the transmitting antenna in the cluster.
  • the antenna beam of the uplink radio link cluster is an antenna beam obtained by approximating the envelope of the antenna beam of each transmitting antenna in its antenna set.
  • the elements in the bandwidth requirement vector represent the bandwidth requirements of the wireless link within the antenna beam coverage area for different power levels when power control is used.
  • a downlink radio link cluster between the facility and the user may represent multiple radio links with the same transmit node and different receive nodes. Considering that power control will cause a change in the coverage of high quality signals, this naturally divides the multiple points corresponding to the radio link cluster.
  • the downlink bandwidth requirement vector is formed, as shown in part (b) of Figure 10, the antenna.
  • Antenna beam (r) has three power levels, which are high quality signal ci coverage area; a C1 and C 2 region; CI, C 2, and
  • the antenna An antenna that is the same transmitting node of a wireless link in a wireless link cluster.
  • the bandwidth requirement for defining ci is the node and antenna within the C1 region.
  • the bandwidth requirement vector of the wireless link cluster (corresponding to the first bandwidth requirement, which may be predetermined, as an example, usually the actual bandwidth requirement) is a 3-element composed of Cl, 2 3 ⁇ 4 C bandwidth requirements.
  • each radio link cluster has only a single transmitting node and a receiving node, so the bandwidth requirement vector of the radio link cluster is a one-dimensional vector containing only one element.
  • an uplink radio link cluster between the infrastructure and the user represents multiple radio links with the same receiving node and different transmitting nodes.
  • the bandwidth requirement vector of the downlink radio link cluster is formed, the sum of the uplink bandwidth requirements of the uplink radio link in the corresponding bandwidth requirement area forms the bandwidth of the uplink radio link cluster symmetric with the downlink radio link cluster.
  • the demand vector, the beam of the uplink radio link cluster is also determined.
  • the reverse wireless links constitute an uplink wireless link cluster symmetric with the downlink wireless link cluster.
  • the transmitting node in the downlink radio link cluster is a receiving node in the uplink radio link cluster symmetric thereto, and there is no downlink
  • a receiving node in a line link cluster is a transmitting node in a cluster of uplink wireless links symmetric thereto, and vice versa.
  • the bandwidth requirement of the bandwidth requirement area ci of the uplink radio link cluster is defined as the node and the antenna in the ci area.
  • the sum of the upstream bandwidth requirements of all the wireless links formed, the beam of the uplink radio link cluster is the node and the antenna in the ci area.
  • the bandwidth requirement vector of the uplink radio link cluster (corresponding to the first bandwidth requirement, which may be predetermined, as an example, usually the actual bandwidth requirement) is composed of the upstream bandwidth requirement of Cl, 2 3 ⁇ 4 C The 1-dimensional vector of the element.
  • the bandwidth requirement vector of the radio link cluster By means of the bandwidth requirement vector of the radio link cluster, the bandwidth requirement of the access network can be regionalized, so that the granularity of antenna scheduling is finer and the resource utilization rate is further improved.
  • the antenna scheduler 320 allocates radio resources to the radio link cluster of the access network in the antenna scheduling set, it is necessary that the mutual interference between the radio link clusters is within a predetermined range. Because the access network in the same antenna scheduling set uses the same spectrum resource, mutual interference may occur when the same resource is used for data transmission between the wireless link clusters. This is also called the repulsive constraint of antenna scheduling.
  • the concept of mutual exclusion can be used to indicate the degree of mutual interference between link clusters.
  • Mutex values range from [0,1]. Where 0 means no mutual exclusion, that is, the wireless link clusters use the same resources at the same time for data transmission without mutual interference. 1 means completely mutually exclusive, that is, the same resources cannot be used at the same time between the wireless link clusters. Other values indicate that the degree of mutual exclusion is somewhere in between, and the greater the value, the greater the degree of mutual exclusion.
  • the mutual interference between the wireless link clusters is within a predetermined range, that is, the mutual repulsion between the wireless link clusters is below a predetermined value.
  • the following measurements and calculations can be performed using all of the transmitting antennas and receiving antennas in the wireless link cluster.
  • the following measurement and calculation may be performed using an approximate transmit antenna corresponding to the envelope of the antenna ensemble beam or only the antenna at the edge of the radio link cluster, for example, for a downlink radio link cluster,
  • the antenna of the receiving node at the edge of the cluster may be used as the receiving antenna; for the uplink wireless link cluster, the antenna of the transmitting node at the edge of the cluster may be used as the transmitting antenna, or the approximate corresponding to the envelope of the antenna ensemble beam may be adopted.
  • the transmitting antenna acts as a transmitting antenna.
  • the signal-to-noise ratio distribution dU ⁇ is discretized, for example, the signal-to-noise ratio distribution range is divided into m > l intervals G UWRJ , SNR SNL . , d 'S and the m intervals Corresponding to the real numbers 1, , 1) , , 1/ - 1) , 0 respectively, the signal-to-noise ratio can be converted into the mutual repulsion of the link cluster b to the link cluster a, and the signal-to-noise ratio is converted into The mutual repulsion of link cluster a to link cluster b.
  • Another scheduling constraint which is a pre-emptive constraint.
  • the predecessor constraint is to describe this constraint.
  • resources should be allocated for the forwarding link cluster after resources are allocated to the preamble link cluster of a forwarding link cluster.
  • the forwarding link cluster is a wireless link cluster between the relay node and the relay node (peer node), and a forwarding link cluster usually only contains one wireless link.
  • Predecessor constraints can be obtained through link cluster relationships in multiple networks. For example, two adjacent link clusters "and, the data flow direction is to b, that is, b will forward the data received, then the forwarding of b Can not be ahead of the transmission to b.
  • the mutual repulsion and the preemptive constraint relationship between the radio link clusters may be determined by the link cluster divider 322 of the antenna scheduler 320.
  • the resource scheduler 323 allocates radio resources to the radio link clusters, satisfies the scheduling constraints, and makes full use of the radio resources as much as possible to maximize the total throughput of the scheduled access networks.
  • the scheduling result is sent to the access network. Taking the allocation of time domain resources as an example (in this case, the antennas of each access network in the antenna scheduling set can simultaneously use all the frequency domain resources and code domain resources in the scheduling set), and the allocation of the wireless resources is based on the access network. Based on the scheduling result, according to the principle of letting as many antennas as possible in each time slot and ensuring that the mutual interference of the wireless link clusters is within the tolerance range, the radio link cluster is selected for each time slot and the antenna beam is determined. Finally, the time slots used to complete all access network data transmission tasks are minimized.
  • the resource scheduler 323 allocates radio resources to the radio link clusters divided by the link cluster divider 322 in the antenna scheduling set, ⁇ , . . . obtained by the antenna selector 321 for performing Resource Scheduling.
  • the following describes the resource scheduling method only by taking J l, /] as an example.
  • Each wireless link cluster has a bandwidth requirement.
  • This bandwidth requirement is an intermediate quantity whose initial value is set to the first bandwidth requirement of the wireless link cluster.
  • the forwarding link cluster that is, the link cluster between the relay node and the relay node
  • the initial value of the bandwidth requirement is set to zero.
  • the initial value of the first bandwidth requirement of the forwarding link cluster is set to zero.
  • Figure 11 illustrates a flow diagram for radio resource allocation by a resource scheduler, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. This figure is a detailed description of step S430 in Fig. 4.
  • the resource scheduler 323 selects an independent scheduling link cluster group from all the radio link clusters in one antenna scheduling set.
  • An independent scheduling link cluster group is defined as a group of link clusters in which a set of link clusters whose antenna beams are set such that the radio link cluster and each of the independently scheduled link cluster groups.
  • the mutual interference between the wireless link clusters is within a predetermined tolerable range (ie, does not affect the quality of service of the users) to ensure that they comply with the repulsive constraints.
  • each antenna needs to work as many antennas as possible at the same time.
  • FIG. 12 illustrates a flow diagram for selecting, by a resource scheduler, a set of independent scheduling link clusters from all radio link clusters of an antenna scheduling set, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Two new intermediate variables are used, namely: link cluster set ⁇ , indicating independent scheduling link cluster group; link cluster set ⁇ , recording antenna scheduling set t/, link cluster set ⁇ , middle un The link cluster in question.
  • the two intermediate variables are initialized before the wireless link cluster is selected to join the independent scheduling link cluster group: Set ⁇ to an empty set to set ⁇ to ⁇ .
  • step S1210 the resource scheduler 323 selects one radio link cluster from the radio link clusters in the antenna scheduling set as the initial radio link cluster of the independent scheduling link cluster group, and sets the initial radio link.
  • the antenna beam of the cluster
  • the link from the set [Psi] cluster initial wireless link selected cluster denoted ⁇ ⁇ 0 is larger than the current bandwidth requirements of a radio link clusters 0 only need to allocate radio resources.
  • [115] Set the antenna beam of the initial radio link cluster. If the type of transmit antenna is an omnidirectional antenna or a directional antenna, the radiation angle S and the deflection angle of the antenna beam are both determined, and the radiation radius is determined by the power level. The power level can be arbitrarily selected within the range of values. If the type of transmitting antenna is a smart antenna, the three parameters (, r) of the antenna beam can be freely set within the range of values, and the specific radiation radius r corresponds to a specific power level. Since the smart antenna has a flexible selection range, enabling it to obtain more scheduling opportunities, it is preferable to select the link cluster of the antenna as an omnidirectional or directional antenna as the initial wireless link cluster.
  • the selected collection is added to the collection and will be removed from the collection.
  • step S1220 the resource scheduler 323 determines whether or not the selection of the independent scheduling link cluster group is ended. If it is not finished, it proceeds to step S1230. Otherwise, the process of selecting the independent scheduling link cluster group ends, and the process proceeds to step S1120 in Fig. 11. After considering one link cluster in ⁇ , the link cluster is removed from the set ⁇ . Therefore, when all the link clusters have been considered, ⁇ becomes an empty set. Therefore, the determination method of step S1220 is to determine whether ⁇ is an empty set. If ⁇ is an empty set, the selection ends. If ⁇ is not empty, it means that the selection has not been completed, and the process proceeds to step S1230.
  • step S1230 the resource scheduler 323 selects the next candidate radio link cluster to be joined to the independent scheduling link cluster group from the remaining radio link clusters between the antennas of the access network in the antenna scheduling set and Set its antenna beam.
  • step S1240 the resource scheduler 323 determines whether the next candidate radio link cluster can join the independent scheduling link cluster group. If yes, then at the step The next candidate radio link cluster is added to the independent scheduling link cluster group in the SI 250, and the process returns to step S1220. If not, the process directly returns to step S 1220.
  • the radio link cluster is selected from ⁇ as the next candidate radio link cluster and its antenna beam is set, and it is determined whether it can be added by the antenna beam to form a new independent scheduling.
  • Link cluster group If it can, it will be added to ⁇ and removed from ⁇ , if not, only ⁇ will be removed from ⁇ .
  • Wireless link clusters can be randomly selected from ⁇ .
  • by an orderly selection method so that more antennas can work simultaneously.
  • it can be selected as follows.
  • the wireless link clusters are connected according to the mutual exclusion degree, and the link clusters with mutually exclusive degrees greater than 0 are connected in an undirected manner.
  • the number of least undirected edges that pass through one of the two link clusters to another is called the repulsive distance between the two link clusters. That is, the repulsive distance between two radio link clusters refers to the minimum number of mutually interfering radio link clusters through which one of the two radio link clusters arrives.
  • the link cluster in r can be divided into link cluster sets with distances of 1, 2, ... to the initial radio link cluster respectively.
  • each link in the set of clusters ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2, ... it is possible to sequentially select the whole antenna, directional antenna, according to the smart antenna. In each type of antenna, it can be randomly selected.
  • a predetermined range e.g., tolerable range
  • the antenna beam edge is calculated from the highest power level and/or at the set power level.
  • the signal to noise ratio exceeds, for example, the tolerable range, then the reduced power level is attempted until the signal to noise ratio reaches the tolerance limit.
  • the radius of radiation is the radius corresponding to the coverage of the power level.
  • the radiation angle of the antenna beam can be equally divided into a plurality of sub-radiation angles, that is, equally divided in the circumferential direction. Multiple sectors. For each sector, a method similar to that for directional antennas is used to find the appropriate power level and then merge. Merging can include the most power level Maximizing or radiating angles maximizes two different goals. That is, the power level of the combined antenna beam is maximized (meaning that the radius of radiation is maximized), or the radiation angle of the combined antenna beam is maximized. In order to improve the accuracy, the bandwidth requirements of each sector can also be considered in the consolidation, and the sectors without bandwidth requirements do not need to be merged.
  • FIG. 13 shows an example of antenna beam setting of a smart antenna. In the situation shown in Figure 13,
  • the antenna beam parameters of / ⁇ and are ( , , ) and ( ), respectively. It is a candidate radio link cluster and needs to be set for antenna beam.
  • the deflection angle 240. .
  • the radiation angle and the radius of radiation can be maximized simultaneously.
  • step S1120 the resource scheduler 323 allocates bandwidth for the wireless link clusters in the independently scheduled link cluster group.
  • each of the radio link clusters in the independent scheduling link cluster group and the other radio link clusters in the group are within a predetermined range, all the radio link clusters can be simultaneously allocated. bandwidth.
  • the radiation radius of the antenna beam of the wireless link cluster corresponds to the bandwidth requirement vector fiW_r ⁇ of the wireless link cluster, which has a bandwidth requirement value, that is, an element in the bandwidth requirement vector. Let these values be: ⁇ , ⁇ , where the minimum value is set to min ⁇ A ' e [l,
  • the bandwidth allocated simultaneously for each radio link cluster in the independent scheduling link cluster group can be set to any value between the minimum value and the maximum value, that is, min ⁇ AI e[l,
  • step S1130 it is judged whether or not the antenna scheduling is ended.
  • the allocated bandwidth is subtracted from the bandwidth requirement of the link cluster (corresponding to the first bandwidth requirement).
  • the bandwidth requirement of all radio link clusters is 0, it indicates that the bandwidth requirements of all radio link clusters are satisfied, and the entire antenna scheduling process can be judged to be ended.
  • step S1130 If it is determined in step S1130 that the antenna scheduling has not ended, the process returns to step S1110 to continue selecting the independent scheduling link cluster group. If so, the process goes to S440 in Fig. 4, and the resource scheduler 323 transmits the radio resource allocation result to the access network where the radio link cluster is located.
  • the radio resource allocation result may include: radio resources (such as time slots) allocated by each access network, antenna beams and power levels corresponding to each radio resource, and the like.
  • the radio resources (such as time slots) allocated by the network can be converted by the existing method and by the bandwidth allocated by the radio link cluster in the access network.
  • the antenna management apparatus transmits a scheduling result transmission request signaling to the access network.
  • the access network determines according to the situation. If the reception is allowed, the scheduling result is sent to the response signaling ⁇ 6 ⁇ -? "e is sent to the antenna management device. Otherwise, the scheduling result transmission response signal is set and sent to the antenna management device.
  • the antenna management device receives the response as "", then sends, otherwise stops transmitting, and at a later time Re-into fr*. When this time or request times t3 ⁇ 4 exceeds a certain threshold, the transmission is stopped.
  • various components in the antenna management apparatus such as the resource usage information collector 310, the resource usage efficiency analyzer 320, the antenna scheduler 330, the resource usage status database 340, and the like, may be integrally provided in the same
  • a network entity can also be distributed on different network entities.
  • an access network participating in antenna scheduling in a managed access network is divided into different antenna scheduling sets, and an access network using the same spectrum resource is used to form the same antenna.
  • the radio resources are allocated in units of radio link clusters as compared with the case of allocating resources in units of a single radio link. The amount of computation required for antenna scheduling.
  • the heterogeneous radio access network for the method and device according to the embodiment of the present invention can provide users with wireless access services by using various advanced antenna technologies, including omnidirectional antennas, directional antennas, smart antennas, and distribution.
  • Antenna distributed Antenna
  • each component module and unit in the above apparatus may be configured by software, firmware, hardware, or a combination thereof.
  • the specific means or manner in which the configuration can be used is well known to those skilled in the art and will not be described herein.
  • a program constituting the software is installed from a storage medium or a network to a computer having a dedicated hardware structure, and the computer can execute various functions and the like when installing various programs.
  • FIG. 14 shows a schematic block diagram of a computer that can be used to implement a method and apparatus in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a central processing unit (CPU) 1401 executes various processes in accordance with a program stored in a read only memory (ROM) 1402 or a program loaded from a storage portion 1408 to a random access memory (RAM) 1403.
  • ROM read only memory
  • RAM random access memory
  • data required when the CPU 1401 executes various processes and the like is also stored as needed.
  • the CPU 1401, the ROM 1402, and the RAM 1403 are connected to each other via a bus 1404.
  • Input/output interface 1405 is also connected to bus 1404.
  • the following components are connected to the input/output interface 1405: an input portion 1406 (including, mouse, etc.), an output portion 1407 (including a display such as a cathode ray tube (CRT), a liquid crystal display (LCD), etc., and a speaker, etc. ), storage portion 1408 (including hard disk, etc.), communication portion 1409 (including network interface cards such as LAN cards, modems, etc.).
  • the communication section 1409 performs communication processing via a network such as the Internet.
  • the driver 1410 can also be connected to the input/output interface 1405 as needed.
  • a removable medium 1411 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory or the like can be mounted on the drive 1410 as needed, so that the calculation sequence read therefrom is installed into the storage portion 1408 as needed.
  • such a storage medium is not limited to the detachable shield 1411 shown in FIG. 14 in which a program is stored and distributed separately from the device to provide a program to the user.
  • Examples of the detachable medium 1411 include a magnetic disk (including a floppy disk (registered trademark)), an optical disk (including a compact disk read only memory (CD-ROM) and a digital versatile disk (DVD)), and a magneto-optical disk (package) Includes mini disc (MD) (registered trademark) and semiconductor memory.
  • the storage medium may be a ROM 1402, a hard disk included in the storage portion 1408, or the like, in which programs are stored, and distributed to the user together with the device containing them.
  • the present invention also provides a program product for storing an instruction code readable by a machine.
  • the instruction code is read and executed by a machine, the above-described method according to an embodiment of the present invention can be performed.
  • a storage medium for carrying a program product storing the above-described storage machine readable instruction code is also included in the disclosure of the present invention.
  • the storage medium includes, but is not limited to, a floppy disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a memory card, a memory, and the like.
  • the method of the present invention is not limited to being performed in the chronological order described in the specification, and may be performed in other chronological order, in parallel, or independently. Therefore, the order of execution of the methods described in the present specification does not limit the technical scope of the present invention.

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Description

天线管理装置和方法
技术领域
[01] 本发明涉及无线通信领域,更具体而言, 涉及一种天线管理装置和方 法。
背景技术
[02] 随着计算机和通信技术的迅猛 ,全球信息网络正在快速向以互联 网协议 ( IP, Internet Protocol )为^ fill的下一代网络 ( Next Generation Network, NGN )演进。 下一代网络的另一重要特征是多种无线技术并存, 形成异构无线接入网络。
[03] 图 1示出了现有技术中的异构无线接入网络的示意图。 如图 1所示, 异构无线接入网络的组成丰富多样:从覆盖范围上可以分为广域网( Wide Area Network, WAN ), 城域网 ( Metropolitan Area Network, MAN )、 局 域网 ( Local Area Network, LAN )、 个域网 ( Personal Area Network, PAN ); 从网络架构上可以分为点到多点( Point-to-Multipoint )的单跳网 络( Single-hop Network )、多跳网络( Multi-hop Network )、网状网( Mesh Network )、 自组织网 (Ad Hoc )等。 这些无 接入网中的全部或部分通 过有线或无线方式接入以 IP为^ fill的核心网 ( Core Network ) 以便为用 户获取服务。因此可以将接入网连接到异构接入网管理器( Heterogeneous Access Network Manager ), 通过该装置对接入网进行管理。
[04] 异构无线接入网从无线技术、覆盖范围、 网络架构、 网络性能等各个 角度都具有丰富的内涵, 它们在地理分布上形成立体覆盖,共同作用以便 为用户提供无处不在的内容丰富的无线多媒体业务。相对而言,这些接入 网所使用的无线频傳资源是稀少的。
[05] 在下一代网络中, 一方面, 无线接入网通过以 IP为基础的核心网络 互联, 可以进行信息交互, 为提高资源利用率提供了机遇。 另一方面, 异 构的无线接入网形成立体覆盖,存在资源竟争和干扰, 为资源有效利用带 来了困难。 因此, 需要设计一种有效的天线管理装置和方法, 以实现下一 代网络的资源高效利用。 发明内容
[06] 在下文中给出了关于本发明的筒要概述,以便提供关于本发明的某些 方面的基本理解。 应当理解, 这个概述并不是关于本发明的穷举性概述。 它并不是意图确定本发明的关键或重要部分,也不是意图限定本发明的范 围。其目的仅仅是以简化的形式给出某些概念, 以此作为稍后论述的更详 细描述的前序。
[07] 本发明旨在至少解决现有技术中的上述技术问题,提高频谱资源的复 用机会, 从而实现下一代网络的资源高效利用。
[08] 4艮据本发明的一个方面, 提供了一种天线管理方法, 包括: 从被管理 的接入网收集资源使用信息;根据所述资源使用信息,从所述被管理的接 入网中选取参与天线调度的接入网组成天线调度集合,使用相同频谱资源 的接入网组成同一天线调度集合;将所述天线调度集合中的每个接入网的 无线链路划分为一个或更多个无线链路簇,每个无线链路簇包含同一接入 网中具有同一发射节点或同一接收节点的一条或更多条无线链路;为所述 天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇分配无线资源,以使得所述天线调度集 合中的所有无线链路簇之间的相互干扰在预定范围内;以及将无线资源分 配结果发送给每个无线链路簇所在的接入网。
[09] 才艮据本发明的另一方面, 提供了一种天线管理装置, 包括: 资源使用 信息收集器,用于从被管理的接入网收集资源使用信息;以及天线调度器, 包括: 天线选择器, 用于根据所述资源使用信息, 从所述被管理的接入网 中选取参与天线调度的接入网组成天线调度集合,使用相同频谱资源的接 入网组成同一天线调度集合;链路簇划分器,用于将所述天线调度集合中 的每个接入网的无线链路划分为一个或更多个无线链路簇,每个无线链路 簇包含同一接入网中具有同一发射节点或同一接收节点的一条或更多条 无线链路; 以及资源调度器,用于为所述天线调度集合中的所有无线链路 簇分配无线资源,以使得所述天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇之间的相 互干扰在预定范围内,并将无线资源分配结果发送给每个无线链路簇所在 的接入网。
[ 10] 在根据本发明的上述方面的方法和装置中,将被管理的接入网中参与 天线调度的接入网划分到不同的天线调度集合中,使用相同频谱资源的接 入网组成同一天线调度集合; ^个接入网的无线链路划分为一个或更多 个无线链路簇;对天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇分配无线资源, 以使 得所述天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇之间的相互干扰在预定范围内。 由此,尽可能多的接入网能够使用相同频谱资源在干扰允许范围内同时工 作, 增加了频谱复用的机会, 实现了资源高效利用的目的。 另外, 与以单 个无线链路为单位分配资源的情况相比,以无线链路簇为单位分配无线资 源, 降低了天线调度所需的计算量。
[11] 另外,本发明的另一方面还提供了一种计算积 序产品,所述计算机 程序产品存储有计算机可读取的指令代码,所述指令代码当由计算机读取 并执行时, 使得所述计算机执行天线管理处理, 所述天线管理处理包括: 从被管理的接入网收集资源使用信息;根据所述资源使用信息,从所述被 管理的接入网中选取参与天线调度的接入网组成天线调度集合,使用相同 频谱资源的接入网组成同一天线调度集合;将所述天线调度集合中的每个 接入网的无线链路划分为一个或更多个无线链路簇,每个无线链路簇包含 同一接入网中具有同一发射节点或同一接收节点的一条或更多条无线链 路; 为所述天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇分配无线资源, 以使得所述 天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇之间的相互干扰在预定范围内;以及将 无线资源分配结果发送给每个无线链路簇所在的接入网。
[12] 此外,本发明的另一方面还提供了一种存储媒质,所述存储媒盾承载 存储有计算机可读取的指令代码的程序产品,所述指令代码当由计算机读 取并执行时,使得所述计算机执行天线管理处理,所述天线管理处理包括: 从被管理的接入网收集资源使用信息;根据所述资源使用信息,从所述被 管理的接入网中选取参与天线调度的接入网组成天线调度集合,使用相同 频谱资源的接入网组成同一天线调度集合;将所述天线调度集合中的每个 接入网的无线链路划分为一个或更多个无线链路簇,每个无线链路簇包含 同一接入网中具有同一发射节点或同一接收节点的一条或更多条无线链 路; 为所述天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇分配无线资源, 以使得所述 天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇之间的相互干扰在预定范围内;以及将 无线资源分配结果发送给每个无线链路簇所在的接入网。
[13] 通过以下结合附图对本发明的最佳实施例的详细说明,本发明的这些 以及其他优点将更加明显。
附图说明 [14] 参照下面结合附图对本发明实施例的说明,会更加容易地理解本发明 的以上和其它目的、特点和优点。 附图中的部件只是为了示出本发明的原 理。在附图中,相同的或类似的技术特征或部件将采用相同或类似的附图 标记来表示。
[15] 图 1示出了现有技术中的异构无线接入网络的示意图。
[16] 图 2 示出了根据本发明的实施例的天线管理装置与无线接入网的关 系的示意图。
[17] 图 3示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的天线管理装置的示意性框图。
[18] 图 4 示出了本实施例的天线管理装置所实施的天线管理方法的流程 图。
[19] 图 5 示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的由资源使用信息收集器收集 信息的流程图。
[20] 图 6 示出了根据本发明的另一个实施例的由资源使用信息收集器收 集信息的流程图。
[21] 图 7 示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的由资源使用效率分析器 天线调度的流程图。
[22] 图 8 示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的由天线选择器构造天线调度 集合的流程图。
[23] 图 9 示出了根据本发明的另一个实施例的由天线选择器构造天线调 度集合的流程图。
[24] 图 10示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的天线调度对象的表示法的示 意图。
[25] 图 11示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的由资源调度器进行无线资源 分配的流程图。
[26] 图 12示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的由资源调度器选取独立调度 链路簇组的 ¾½图。
[27] 图 13示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的天线波束设定示意图。
[28] 图 14示出了可用于实施根据本发明实施例的方法和装置的计算机的 示意性框图。 具体实施方式
[29] 下面将参照附图来说明本发明的实施例。在本发明的一个附图或一种 实施方式中描述的元素和特征可以与一个或更多个其它附图或实施方式 中示出的元素和特征相结合。应当注意, 为了清楚的目的, 附图和说明中 省略了与本发明无关的、本领域普通技术人员已知的部件和处理的表示和 描述。
[30] 根据本发明的实施例的天线管理装置的位置可以灵活设置。图 2示出 了根据本发明的实施例的天线管理装置与无线接入网的关系的示意图。例 如, 如图 2中的 (a )部分所示, 根据本发明实施例的天线管理装置可以 驻留在异构接入网管理器内,以对异构接入网管理器管辖范围内的异构无 线接入网进行天线管理。 如图 2中的 (b )部分所示, 天线管理装置可以 驻留在某个接入网的骨干网内,对该接入网内若干临近的小区进行天线管 理。 如图 2中的 (c )部分所示, 天线管理装置也可以驻留在某个接入网 的基站 BS1 内, 对该接入网本身以及临近的其它接入网构成的异构接入 网进行天线管理。
[31] 图 3示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的天线管理装置的示意性框图。 其中, 天线管理装置 300包括资源使用信息收集器 310, 用于从被管理的 接入网收集资源使用状态数据; 以及天线调度器 320, 用于根据资源使用 信息收集器 310收集的资源使用状态数据,对接入网进行天线调度, 并将 天线调度结果发送给接入网。
[32] 可选地,天线管理装置 300还可以包括图 3中以虚线框示出的资源使 用效率分析器 330, 用于分析资源使用状态数据, 发现资源利用率低的接 入网, 以及发起天线调度。 另外, 可选地, 天线管理装置 300还可以包括 存储装置, 以存储所收集的无线接入网的资源使用状态数据。所述存储装 置例如是图 3中以虛线框示出的资源使用状态数据库(Data Base, 图 3 中显示为 DB ) 340。 可以理解, 资源使用状态数据也可以存储在其他形 式的存储装置中。
[33] 应当理解,以虛线框示出的上述各个部件只是优选的或可替选的实现 方式, 而不是必须包括在天线管理装置 300中。 另外, 应当理解, 除了资 源使用信息收集器 310和天线调度器 320之外,天线管理装置 300还可以 包括以虚线框示出的上述各个部件的任意组合。
[34] 以下结合图 4-13来说明根据本发明实施例的天线管理装置的操作流 程。
[35] 图 4 示出了本实施例的天线管理装置所实施的天线管理方法的流程 图。 在步骤 S410中, 天线管理装置 300的资源使用信息收集器 310从被 管理的接入网收集资源使用状态数据。本领域技术人员可以理解, 资源使 用信息收集器 310 收集的资源使用状态数据例如是各个接入网使用的无 线资源、 采用的无线技术、 资源利用率随时间或空间的变化情况等等。
[36] 另外,资源使用信息收集器 310还可以收集来自被管理的接入网的天 线调度请求, 这将在后面描述。 在本文中, 资源使用状态数据和天线调度 请求都可以被称为资源使用信息。
[37] 在步骤 S420中, 天线调度器 320中的天线选择器 321根据资源使用 状态数据,从被管理的接入网中选取参与天线调度的接入网组成天线调度 集合。 其中, 使用相同频谱资源的接入网组成同一天线调度集合。
[38] 在步骤 430中,天线调度器 320中的链路簇划分器 322将天线调度集 合中的每个接入网的无线链路划分为一个或更多个无线链路簇。这里,作 为示例,每个无线链路簇包含同一接入网中具有同一发射节点或同一接收 节点的一条或更多条无线链路。
[39] 然后, 在步骤 S440中, 天线调度器 320中的资源调度器 323为天线 调度集合中的所有无线链路簇分配无线资源,以使得无线链路簇之间的相 互干扰在预定范围内。 这里, 无线资源可以是时域资源、 频域资源、 码域 资源或者它们的任意组合。
[40] 天线调度器 320通过将参与天线调度的接入网组成天线调度集合、将 每个接入网的无线链路划分为无线链路簇以及为天线调度集合中的所有 无线链路簇分配无线资源, 来完成天线调度。
[41] 随后, 在步骤 S450中, 天线调度器 320中的资源调度器 323将无线 资源分配结果作为天线调度结果发送给无线链路簇所在的接入网。
[42] 应当注意, 这里给出的步骤并没有执行顺序的限制。 例如, 划分无线 链路簇的步骤 S430也可以在组成天线调度集合的步骤 S420之前进行,并 且可以针对被管理的每个接入网进行无线链路簇划分。
[43] 下面将参照图 5和图 6所示的流程图来说明利用资源使用信息收集器 310进行信息收集的过程。 资源使用信息收集器 310可以通过周期性地向 被管理的接入网发送信息收集请求来收集资源使用信息,也可以通过接收 被管理的接入网主动发送的信息数据来收集资源使用信息。 图 5 和图 6 分别示出了这两种情况的示例。
[44] 在图 5的示例中,由资源使用信息收集器 310主动收集资源使用信息。 这种收集方式一般周期性地发生。
[45] 在步骤 S510中, 天线管理装置, 具体而言, 是资源使用信息收集器 310 , 向各接入网发送信息收集请求, 例如信息收集请求信令
InjoCollect _ request 0根据需要, 该信令中可以携带要收集的目标信息的标识 符。 这样, 接入网可据此传送相应的信息, 以减小网络流量。
[46] 在步骤 S520中, 入网收到信息收集请求后根据自身是否有信息 更新来判断是否进行信息发送。
[47] 如有信息更新, 则在步骤 S530 中, 接入网将信息收集响应信令
InfoCollect _ reply置为 Tme并发送给天线管理装置,以通知天线管理装置接入 网有信息发送。 如没有信息更新, 则在步骤 S560 中, 接入网将
InfoCollect _ reply置为 False并发送给天线管理装置, 以通知天线管理装置接 入网无信息发送。
[48] 资源使用信息收集器 310 收到响应信令后进行判断。 如果响应信令
InfoCollect _ reply为 True, 则在步骤 S540中, 资源使用信息收集器 310做好 接收准备, 并向接入网发送信息接收信令 Info Re ceive _ ready 0 如果响应信令 InfoCollect _ reply 7Q False, 则资源使用信息收集器 310不做任何操作。
[49] 接入网收到 / 。ReC^e_ rei^后,在步骤 S550中,发送信息数据 InfoData 给天线管理装置。
[50] 在图 6的示例中, 由接入网发起资源使用信息收集。这种收集方式一 般在接入网的性能出现急剧变化时发生。
[51] 在步骤 S610中, 接入网向天线管理装置 300, 具体而言, 向资源使 用信息收集器 310 发送信息发送请求, 例如信息发送请求信令
InfoSend _ request 0
[52] 在步骤 S620中, 资源使用信息收集器 310收到请求后根据状况判断 是否进行信息接收。
[53] 如果同意接收, 则在步骤 S630中, 资源使用信息收集器 310将信息 发送响应信令 InfoSend _ reply直为 True并发送给接入网, 以通知接入网允许 接收。 如果拒绝接收(例如, 由于当前网络负载较重), 则在步骤 S650 中, 资源使用信息收集器 310将 InfoSend _ reply直为 False并发送给接入网, 以通知接入网拒绝接收。
[54] 接入网收到为 True的 InfoSend _ reply后, 发送信息数据 InfoData给资源使 用信息收集器 310。 如果接入网收到为 ¾ ^的
Figure imgf000010_0001
, 则不做任何 操作。
[55] 才艮据本发明的一个实施例, 资源使用信息收集器 310 收到信息数据 后,对信息数据进行分类。如果是天线调度请求信令 AntennaSchedule _ request, 则将该信令转发给天线调度器 320, 以发起天线调度。 如果是资源使用状 态数据, 则将该数据存入存储装置, 如资源使用状态数据库 340, 并向资 源使用效率分析器 330发送信息分析请求信令 InfoAnalyze _ request,以发起资 源使用效率分析。
[56] 在根据本发明的实施例中,资源使用状态数据库 340主要用于存储天 线管理装置 300所管辖的接入网的资源使用状态数据。该数据库 340的内 容可以包含接入网内部信息和接入网之间的信息。接入网内部信息主要是 通过收集资源使用状态信息来获得的。接入网内部信息包括例如接入网所 使用的频谱资源、 所采用的无线技术、接入网的体系结构(如天线特征及 其分布、 小区覆盖范围、 多跳网络中的链路关系等)、 接入网的资源使用 状况统计数据。其中,接入网的资源使用状况统计数据可以包括功率控制 随时间变化状况、无线资源的利用率随时间变化状况、用户的信噪比随位 置变化状况、用户数随时间变化状况等统计数据。接入网之间的信息包括 例如接入网之间的相对位置和距离(具体而言,指天线间的相对位置和距 离)、 接入网间干扰情况的统计信息等。 接入网之间的信息可以使用各种 已有方法来获得。 例如, 在 GPS普遍使用的今天, 可以利用 GPS来定位 各个接入网的具体物理位置, 从而计算接入网之间的相对位置和距离。
[57] 资源使用状态数据库 340可以由资源使用信息收集器 310提供数据和 更新,为天线调度器 320和资源使用效率分析器 330提供操作所需的数据。
[58] 下面将结合图 7说明资源使用效率分析器 330的操作。图 7示出了根 据本发明的一个实施例的由资源使用效率分析器资源分析使用效率并发 起天线调度的流程图。 在步骤 S710中, 资源使用效率分析器 330通过分 析资源使用信息收集器 310 所收集的资源使用状态数据来确定资源利用 低的接入网。例如, 资源使用效率分析器 330可以查询资源使用状态数据 库 340, 选取资源利用率低于预定阈值 U tiliz tionRateTh的接入网, 作为考察 对象集合 u。接入网的资源利用率可以用过去某段时间内系统吞吐量与系 统容量的比值的平均值表示。 [59] 在步骤 S720中, 资源使用效率分析器 330判断资源利用率是否是由 干扰造成的。资源利用率低有多种因素造成, 比如可能是工作的用户数量 少, 可能是业务总带宽需求量低, 可能是来自其它接入网的干扰造成, 等 等。 通常, 干扰造成的资源利用率低才需要进行天线调度。 作为示例, 资 源使用效率分析器 330可以通过以下方法来判断资源利用率是否由干扰 造成: 对于步骤 S710中选取的接入网集合 [/, 考察其中每个接入网在过 去某段时间内的平均信噪比 H 如果平均信噪比低于预定阈值^ ¾, 则 表明该接入网受到的干扰较大, 可以认为其资源利用率低是由干扰造成 的。 如果平均信噪比高于预定阈值^ , 则表明该接入网受到的干扰较 小,可以认为其资源利用率低不是由干扰引起的, 并可以将该接入网从集 合 [/中除去。 通过上述方法最终得到的接入网集合 t/中的元素为资源利用 率低且受干扰严重的接入网, 需要进行天线调度。 当然, 也可以使用已有 的其他方法来判断资源利用率低是否由干扰引起。
[60] 如果在步骤 S720中判断接入网的资源利用率低是由干扰造成的, 表 明需要启用天线调度, 则资源使用效率分析器 330在步骤 S730中发起天 线调度。 或者说, 当集合 t/不为空时, 资源使用效率分析器 330发起天线 调度。 这可以通过向天线调度器 320 发送天线调度请求信令 AntennaSchedule _ request来进行。 如果在步骤 S720中判断接入网的资源利用 率低不是由干扰造成的, 则资源使用效率分析器 330在步骤 S740中确定 接入网不需要进行天线调度。
[61] 除了进行资源利用率分析之外,资源使用效率分析器 330还可以用于 维护资源使用状态数据库。资源利用率分析的部分结果对于以后天线管理 是有帮助的,因此可以在判断是否需要进行天线调度之后存入资源使用状 态数据库 340。 比如, 将步骤 S720中判断为干扰引起资源利用率低、 从 而需要进行天线调度的接入网进行标记。在资源使用信息收集器 310进行 信息收集时,可以专门针对这些标记的接入网, 以提高天线管理装置的效 率。
[62] 如上所述,天线调度器 320对接入网进行天线调度以分配无线资源的 操作可以由接入网发起,或者由资源使用效率分析器 330发起。天线调度 器 320根据可从资源使用状态数据库 340中获得的资源使用状态数据,将 参与天线调度的接入网组成天线调度集合,并为天线调度集合中的无线链 路簇分配无线资源, 以完成天线调度。
[63] 以下结合图 8和图 9来说明天线调度器 320中的天线选择器 321选取 参与天线调度的接入网组成天线调度集合的操作。
[64] 如图 8所示的实施例中, 在步骤 S810中, 天线选择器 321根据接入 网的网络特征, 比如覆盖范围、 地理分布、 使用的频谱资源、 采用的无线 技术、 频谱利用效率等因素, 选择接入网组成候选天线调度集合。使用相 同频谱资源的接入网被划分到同一候选天线调度集合中。作为示例, 以下 给出选择接入网组成候选天线调度集合的两种方法。
[65] 在一种方法中,假设天线管理装置 300所管辖的无线接入网集合为 V, 其中每个元素表示一个接入网 V e V。 可用的资源集合为 s,其中每个元素 s e s表示一段频谱资源。 天线选择器 321从 V中选取使用频谱资源 s s的 无线接入网, 组成候选天线调度集合 ; 从 V中选取使用频谱资源 的 无线接入网, 组成候选天线调度集合 2; 以此类推, 从 V中选出 个需要 进行天线调度的不相交的候选天线调度集合 ,υ ...,υ' , 即 ' ^并 且 nt/ iM≤ ≠ ≤/, 作为候选天线调度集合。
[66] 在另一种方法中,假设天线管理装置 300所管辖的无线接入网集合为 V, 从资源使用效率分析器 330得到需要进行天线调度的接入网集合 [/。 u中的每个接入网 V e t/的资源利用率低, 且资源利用率低是由干扰引起 的。 将 中与 吏用相同频谱资源的接入网组成候选集合 将^ -^作为 新的集合 , 并对新的集合 进行上述操作直至其为空集。 这样, 可以从
V 中选出 / 个不相交的集合 U , 即 ^ V 并且 υί υ]
Figure imgf000012_0001
作为候选天线调度集合。
[67] 继续参考图 8, 在步骤 S820中, 天线选择器 321询问候选天线调度 集合中的接入网是否参加本次天线调度。天线选择器 321向 ^中的接入网 发送参加调度请求信令 JoinSchedule request(U1 ),询问其是否加入本次 ^集合 的天线调度; 向 t/2中的接入网发送信令 JoinSchedule request(U2 ),询问其是否 加入本次 υ2集合的天线调度; 依次询问其它所有的集合 t/3 , ... , t/,。
[68] 然后, 在步骤 S830中, 天线选择器 321接收^ 入网关于是否参加 天线调度的反馈。各接入网根据自己对资源占用的优先级、资源利用率和 性能统计结果确定是否参与本次天线调度,并通过参加调度响应信令
JoinSchedule _ reply反馈给天线选择器: 若为 T e则表明参加; 若为 则表 明不参加。各接入网还可以将各自的资源需求量以及预调度结果返回给天 线选择器 321作为天线调度的参考信息。
[69] 在步骤 S840中, 天线选择器 321根据^ 入网的反馈, 最终确定各 天线调度集合^,^,…, 。 例如, 可以从候选天线调度集合中除去不参与 本次调度的接入网, 或者将不参与调度的接入网标记出来。
[70] 接入网的反馈可以包括下面几种类型。
[71] ( 1 )接入网 Vl对频谱资源占用优先级高, 并且统计显示其资源利用 率较高, 因此接入网 ¼选择沿用自己的调度方案而不参加天线调度。 但为 确保自己不受到其他接入网的干扰, 接入网 ¼将自己的调度结果, 即预调 度结果反馈给天线选择器 321, 希望天线管理装置在进行天线调度时避免 对其产生干扰。
[72] ( 2 )同样是优先级高的接入网 ^2由于过去一段时间资源利用率较低, 所以同意参加天线调度, 希望性能得到提升。
[73] ( 3 )接入网 对资源占用优先级低, 在与优先级高的用户存在资源 竟争时无法得到资源,并且统计显示较长一段时间内该接入网取得资源的 机会较少。 于是 v3希望参与天线调度, 以得到更多资源使用机会。
[74] ( 4 )接入网 对资源占用优先级低, 过去一段时间尽管没有参加天 线调度但性能仍然不错, 因此希望沿用自己的调度方案不参加天线调度。
[75] 得到反馈结果后,天线选择器 321才艮据是否参与天线调度以及对频谱 使用的优先级别将候选集合中的接入网分为 4类:第 1类为频语使用优先 级高但不参加天线调度; 第 2类为频语使用优先级高并参加天线调度; 第 3类为频傳使用优先级低但不参加天线调度; 第 4类为频语使用优先级低 并参加调度。
[76] 对于不同类型的接入网, 天线管理装置 300可以采取不同的处理策 略。例如,对第 1类接入网,将其提供的预调度结果作为天线调度的参考, 在进行无线资源分配时,尽量避免对该调度结果产生影响。对第 2类接入 网进行天线调度并优先分配无线资源,保证其具有高的资源利用率。对第 3类接入网不进行任何操作。 对第 4类接入网进行天线调度, 无线资 源使用机会不予以保证。
[77] 图 9示出了天线选择器 321选取参与天线调度的接入网组成天线调度 集合的操作的另一个示例。 与图 8的不同之处在于, 在图 9的示例中, 天 线选择器 321先询问天线管理装置所管辖的接入网是否参加天线调度,然 后选择参加调度的接入网组成天线调度集合。如图所示,在步骤 S910中, 天线选择器 321询问天线管理装置所管辖的接入网是否参加天线调度。在 步骤 S920中, 天线管理器 321接收各个接入网关于是否参加天线调度的 反馈。 在步骤 S930中, 天线管理器 321根据接入网的反馈, 选取参与天 线调度的接入网组成天线调度集合,使用相同频谱资源的接入网划分到同 一候选天线调度集合中。
[78] 在组成了天线调度集合之后, 天线调度器 320中的链路簇划分器 322 将天线调度集合中的每个接入网的无线链路划分为一个或更多个无线链 路簇, 资源调度器 323 为天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇分配无线资 源, 以使得所有无线链路簇之间的相互干扰在预定范围内。天线调度的对 象实际就是参与调度的接入网中的无线链路簇。
[79] 在无线网络中, 调度的对象通常是要参加调度的接入网中的无线链 路。无线网络尤其是无线通信网络中无线链^:量庞大,并且调度需要周 期性进行。为了降低调度所需的计算量,在本发明中对无线链路进行了簇 化, 形成无线链路簇, 以无线链路簇作为调度单位。
[80] 作为示例, 一种可能的无线链路簇化方法为:
[81] 对于有中央控制节点的网络, 基础设施节点(如, 基站和中继站)间 每个无线链路独立构成无线链路簇;包含基础设施及其直接服务的用户间 的无线链路构成该基础设施和用户间的无线链路簇,具体而言,基础设施 与多个其直接服务的用户之间的下行无线链路可以组成一个或多个无线 链路簇,基础设施与多个其直接服务的用户之间的上行无线链路可以组成 一个或多个无线链路簇。
[82] 对于对等( peer-to-peer ) 网络: 每个无线链路独立构成一个无线链 路簇。
[83] 总之,一个无线链路簇可以由同一接入网中具有同一发射节点或同一 接收节点的一条或更多条无线链路组成。
[84] 为了方便描述,在根据本发明的实施例中可以采用以下参数来描述无 线链路簇。
[85] ( a )无线链路簇标识符 Link id
[86] 无线链路簇标识涉及到天线标识符 和链路簇方向标识符
Direction _ id。天线标识符 是天线在其所属异构接入网管理器管辖 范围内具有的唯一标识,可以由小区标识符 Cdl - id以及天线在该小区的天 线标识符 SubceU-id构成。 链路簇方向标识符 Direction— M只针对有中央控制 节点的接入网。 链路簇方向有两个: 上行链路簇 ^是数据流流向中央控 制节点的方向, 下行链路簇 DL是数据流远离中央控制节点的方向。 [87] 下面作为示例给出一种可能的标识方法。 对于有中央控制节点的网 络, 基础设施节点(如, 基站和中继站)间的无线链路簇 (包含单个无线 链路) 由发送天线以及接收天线来标识, 记做 ( txAntenna _ id , rxAntenna _ id )„ ^fiil设施节点和用户间的无线链路簇由天线及链路簇方向来标识。具体而 言,下行链路簇由发射天线及下行链路簇方向标识,记做 ( txAntenna— id , DL ) 9 此时的无线链路簇包含了由该基础设施与多个其直接服务的用户之间的 下行无线链路; 上行链路簇由接收天线及上行链路簇方向标识, 记做 rxAntenna— id ,UL ), 此时的无线链路簇包含了由该^!设施与多个其直接 月艮务的用户之间的上行无线链路。
[88] 当^!设施与多个其直接服务的用户之间的下行(或上行)无线链路 组成多个无线链路簇时, 通常是将基础设施中的一个发射 (或接收)天线 与其直接 J ^务的用户之间的下行 (或上行 )无线链路划分为一个无线链路 簇。 因此, 在这种情况下, 也可以使用以上无线链路簇标识符来很好地区 分不同的无线链路簇。
[89] 对于对等网络, 无线链路簇(包含单个无线链路)则由所包含的无线 链路的发送天线和接收天线来标识, 记做 ( txAntenna _ id , rxAntenna _ id )。
[90] ( b )发射天线类型 txAntenna— type
[91] 无线链路簇的发射天线类型包括全向天线 ( Omni-directional
Antenna )、定向天线 ( Directional Antenna )、智能天线 ( Smart Antenna ), 以及天线集合。其中天线集合用于描述具有相同接收节点的多个上行链路 构成的无线链路簇。天线类型通过天线波束来描述。采用 3个参量( δ, θ, Γ ) 来描述天线波束, 参见图 10中的 (a )部分。 图 10示出了根据本发明的 一个实施例的天线调度对象的表示法的示意图。 在图中, 。为天线位置。 ^为参考方向,对于同一异构接入网管理器管辖范围内的天线,将选用相 同的参考方向。 S是天线波束的辐射角。例如,全向天线的 S值为 360ΰ, 120 度定向天线的 值为 ^, 智能天线的 值取值范围为 ο ~ 36οΰ。 是天线波 束的辐射角相对于参考方向的偏向角, 全向天线的 值一般取 οΰ。 是天 线波束的辐射半径,可定义为从天线位置到信号场强衰减到预定阈值以下 的位置的平均距离。功率控制的结果将影响 的取值,通常功率控制使 在 范围内取得几个离散值, 为 r的最大值。 天线集合的波束描述将 由天线集合中各发射天线的天线波束的包络来描述。天线集合波束的包络 定义为包含所有发射天线的天线波束的面积最小的凸曲线。 实际计算中, 为了较少计算量,可以采用包含所有天线波束的面积最小的扇形(包括圆) 来近似描述无线链路簇的发射天线的天线波束。如果该近似为圆则将无线 链路簇的发射天线当作全向天线处理,即无线链路簇的发射天线类型为全 向天线; 如果该近似为扇形,则将无线链路簇的发射天线当作定向天线处 理, 即无线链路簇的发射天线类型为定向天线。扇形的顶点或圆形的圆形 即为近似出的定向天线或全向天线的位置。在本文中,无线链路簇的天线 波束是指簇中发射天线的天线波束。才艮据以上说明,上行无线链路簇的天 线波束是根据其天线集合中各个发射天线的天线波束的包络近似得出的 天线波束。
[92] ( c )无线链路簇的带宽需求向量 BW _ req
[93] 带宽需求向量中的元素表示采用功率控制时不同功率等级对应的天 线波束覆盖区域内的无线链路的带宽需求。
[94] 在本文的无线链路簇标识方法下,对于有中央控制节点的网络, ^ 设施和用户间的一个下行无线链路簇可以代表发射节点相同而接收节点 不同的多个无线链路。考虑到功率控制将使得高质量信号的覆盖范围产生 变化,这样自然地将无线链路簇对应的多点进行了划分。下行带宽需求向 量形成, 如图 10中的(b )部分所示, 天线。的天线波束( r )有 3个 功率等级,它们高质量信号分别覆盖 ci区域; C1和 C2区域; 以及 Cl、 C2
C3区域。 相应地, 在天线波束的辐射半径方向上划分出了三个带宽需求 区域 Cl、 C2和 。 其中, 天线。是无线链路簇中的无线链路的同一发射 节点的天线。 这里, 定义 ci的带宽需求为 C1区域内的节点和天线。构成的 所有无线链路的下行带宽需求之和, C2和 以此类推。 而该无线链路簇 的带宽需求向量(对应于第一带宽需求,其可以是预先确定的,作为示例, 通常是实际带宽需要)是由 Cl、 2 ¾ C 的带宽需求构成的含有 3元素的
1维向量。 在对等点网络中, 各无线链路簇只有唯一的发射节点和接收节 点, 因此该无线链路簇的带宽需求向量都是仅含有 1个元素的 1维向量。 而对于有中央控制节点的网络,基础设施和用户间的一个上行无线链路簇 代表接收节点相同而发射节点不同的多个无线链路。当形成下行无线链路 簇的带宽需求向量时,其对应的各带宽需求区域内的上行无线链路的上行 带宽需求之和就形成与该下行无线链路簇对称的上行无线链路簇的带宽 需求向量,上行无线链路簇的波束也随之确定。 由于无线通信链路的对称 性, 下行无线链路簇中的各个无线链路的通信方向反向时,这些反向的无 线链路就构成与该下行无线链路簇对称的上行无线链路簇,该下行无线链 路簇中的发射节点即为与其对称的上行无线链路簇中的接收节点,下行无 线链路簇中的接收节点即为与其对称的上行无线链路簇中的发射节点,反 之亦然。 仍以图 10中的(b )部分为例, 定义上行无线链路簇的带宽需求 区域 ci的带宽需求为 ci区域内的节点和天线。构成的所有无线链路的上 行带宽需求之和, 上行无线链路簇的波束就由 ci区域内的节点和天线。构 成的所有上行无线链路波束的包络表示; C2和 以此类推。 而该上行无 线链路簇的带宽需求向量(对应于第一带宽需求, 其可以是预先确定的, 作为示例, 通常是实际带宽需要)是由 Cl、 2 ¾ C 的上行带宽需求构成 的含有 3元素的 1维向量。
[95] 借助于无线链路簇的带宽需求向量, 可以将接入网的带宽需求区域 化, 使得天线调度的粒度更细, 资源利用率进一步提高。
[96] 在天线调度器 320 为天线调度集合中的接入网的无线链路簇分配无 线资源时, 需 ^吏无线链路簇之间的相互干扰在预定范围内。 因为同一天 线调度集合中的接入网使用相同的频谱资源,无线链路簇间同时使用相同 资源进行数据传输时可能会产生相互干扰的情形。这也称为天线调度的相 斥制约。这里,可以使用互斥度这个概念来表示链路簇间相互干扰的程度。
[97] 互斥度的取值范围为 [0,1]。 其中 0表示完全不互斥, 即无线链路簇间 同时使用相同资源进行数据传输时完全互不干扰。 1表示完全互斥, 即无 线链路簇间完全不能同时使用相同资源。其它值表示互斥程度介于两者之 间, 并且值越大互斥程度越大。 例如, 假设两个无线链路簇 "和 之间相 隔足够远的距离, 当它们使用相同资源时, "的发射信号对于 链路簇的 接收者所产生的干扰可以忽略不计(其信噪比高于一个极高的门限值), 就可以认为"对 的互斥度为 0, 记做 " 4 ^ = 0。 再例如, 某发射节点与两 个不同信号接收节点间存在两个无线链路簇 c和 , 若该发射节点仅装配 单套发射系统, 则 c和 无法同时工作, 因此 c和 完全互斥, 记做 c rf = l 且 rf c = l。 值得注意的是, 相斥制约关系不存在对称性, 即 i B b和 b B d 不一定相等。
[98] 使无线链路簇之间的相互干扰在预定范围内,就是^ ί吏无线链路簇之 间的互斥度在预定值以下。
[99] 对于两个发送节点或接收节点存在交集的无线链路簇,由于物理原因 (比如,只配备了单套信号收发装置的天线)导致的无线链路簇间的完全 互斥情形, 可以直接分析得到。 而且在设备不发生更换的情形下, 这种互 斥情形不会发生改变。 [100] 对于发送和接收节点不存在交集的两个无线链路簇,可以通过测量或 计算得到互斥度。设两个无线链路簇"和 "的发射和接收天线分别记做 a 和 α_κχ, b的发射和接收天线分别记做 和 b- 。 此处, 当一个无 线链路簇中包含多条无线链路时,可以采用无线链路簇中的所有发射天线 和接收天线进行以下的测量和计算。 然而, 为了操作简便, 也可以采用天 线集合波束的包络所对应的近似的发射天线或者只采用处于无线链路簇 的边缘的天线进行以下的测量和计算, 例如, 对于下行无线链路簇, 可以 采用处于簇中边缘的接收节点的天线作为接收天线; 对于上行无线链路 簇,可以采用处于簇中边缘的发射节点的天线作为发射天线,或者采用天 线集合波束的包络所对应的近似的发射天线作为发射天线。
[101] 测量: 在特定的时隙里" 向"- 发送信号, - 向^- 发送信号, 同时 "- 计算接收到的 "- 的信号与 发射信号带来的噪声的信噪比 SNR。 同样, 可计算接收到的 - 的信号与" 发射信号带来的噪声 的信噪比 κ。
[102] 计算: 已知" 和" - 的距离、 _ 和"— 的距离以及 "- 和 ^_ 的 信号发射功率, 就可以计算得到信噪比 ^ 。 同理, 可以计算得到^ ^。
[103] 再将测量或计算得到的信噪比^ 和 映射到 [0,1]范围内。 作为示 例, 对信噪比的分布 dU^^ ^皿〗进行离散化, 比如将信噪比分布范围划 分成 m > l个区间 G UWRJ , SNR SNL . , d 'S離 并将这 m个区 间分别与实数 1 , - 1) , , 1/ - 1) , 0相对应, 则可将信噪比 转 化为链路簇 b对链路簇 a的互斥度,将信噪比^顺转化为链路簇 a对链路 簇 b的互斥度。
[104] 为了使天线管理装置 300的调度更加合理,优选地,还可以考虑另一 个调度制约因素一前趋制约。 当接入网络中存在中继节点时, 因为中继节 点只负责数据的转发而本身不产生新数据, 所以对于中继节点来说,只有 当需转发的数据被接 才可能进行数据发送。也就是说, 中继节点的数 据发送不能超前于其相应数据的接收。 前趋制约正是描述这种制约关系。 在分配无线资源时,考虑到这种前趋制约,应当在一个转发链路簇的前趋 链路簇分配了资源之后, 才为该转发链路簇分配资源。转发链路簇是中继 节点与中继节点(对等节点)之间的无线链路簇, 一个转发链路簇通常只 包含一条无线链路。
[105] 前趋制约关系可通过多个网络中的链路簇关系获得。例如相邻两个链 路簇 "和 , 数据流向为 到 b, 即 b会转发从 接收到的数据, 则 b的转发 不能超前于 向 b的发送。
[106] 根据本发明的一个实施例, 可以由天线调度器 320 的链路簇划分器 322来确定无线链路簇之间的互斥度和前趋制约关系。
[107] 下面结合图 11-13来说明天线调度器 320中的资源调度器 323为无线 链路簇分配无线资源的操作。
[108] 资源调度器 323在为无线链路簇分配无线资源,满足调度制约因素的 同时,尽可能地使无线资源得到充分利用, 最大化被調度的接入网络的总 吞吐量,完成调度后再把调度结果发送给接入网。以分配时域资源为例(此 时,天线调度集合中的各接入网的天线可同时使用该调度集合中的所有频 域资源和码域资源), 分配无线资源是以接入网的预调度结果为基础, 根 据让每个时隙尽可能多的天线工作、同时保证无线链路簇的相互干扰在容 忍度范围内的原则, 为每个时隙选择无线链路簇及确定其天线波束, 最终 使得完成所有接入网数据传输任务所使用的时隙最少。
[109] 作为示例,资源调度器 323将对于天线选择器 321获得的天线调度集 合 ,^ ,..., 中的经链路簇划分器 322 划分出的无线链路簇分配无线资 源, 以进行资源调度。 以下仅以 J l,/]为例描述资源调度方法, 设 ^中 的无线链路簇构成集合 r,, r中的元素, 即无线链路簇, 分别为
φ]。 每个无线链路簇都具有一个带宽需求。 这个带宽需求为一个中间量, 其初始值设置为无线链路簇的第一带宽需求。对于转发链路簇, 即中继节 点与中继节点之间的链路簇, 其带宽需求的初始值设置为 0。 下文为描述 方便, 也可以认为将转发链路簇的第一带宽需求的初始值设置为 0。
[110] 图 11示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的由资源调度器进行无线资源 分配的流程图。 该图是对图 4中的步骤 S430的详细说明。
[111] 如图 11所示, 在步骤 S1110中, 资源调度器 323从一个天线调度集 合中的所有无线链路簇中选取独立调度链路簇组。独立调度链路簇组定义 为链路簇集合 Γ,中的一组链路簇, 它们的天线波束被设定成使得该无线链 路簇与所述独立调度链路簇组中的其它每个无线链路簇之间的相互干扰 在预定的可容忍范围内 (即, 不影响用户的服务质量), 以保证它们符合 相斥制约条件。为实现资源的有效利用,每个时刻需要尽可能多的天线同 时工作。
[112] 图 12示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的由资源调度器从一个天线调 度集合的所有无线链路簇中选取独立调度链路簇组的流程图。在以下描述 中用到两个新的中间变量, 分别为: 链路簇集合 Λ, 表示独立调度链路簇 组; 链路簇集合 Ψ, 记录天线调度集合 t/,的链路簇集合 Γ,中未被考察的链 路簇。在选取无线链路簇加入独立调度链路簇组之前,对这两个中间变量 进行初始化: 将 Λ置为空集 将 Ψ置为 Γ,。
[113] 在步骤 S1210中,资源调度器 323从天线调度集合中的无线链路簇中 选取一个无线链路簇作为独立调度链路簇组的初始无线链路簇,并设定初 始无线链路簇的天线波束。
[114] 对于上例, 从链路簇集合 Ψ中选取初始无线链路簇, 记做 ^ Ψ 0 当 前带宽需求大于 0的无线链路簇才需要分配无线资源。 的选择有多种方 法: 可以是从 Ψ中任意选择一个带宽需求大于 0的无线链路簇; 可以是 Ψ 中频 i普使用优先级高的任意一个带宽需求大于 0的无线链路簇;可以选择 带宽需求最高的无线链路簇;也可以选择处在 Ψ中地理位置居中的接入网 中的无线链路簇。
[115] 对初始无线链路簇 的天线波束进行设定。 如果 的发射天线类型是 全向天线或定向天线, 则天线波束的辐射角 S和偏向角 均已确定, 而辐 射半径 由功率等级决定。功率等级可以在取值范围内任意选择。如果 的 发射天线类型是智能天线, 则可在取值范围内自由设定其天线波束的 3 个参量( ,r ), 特定的辐射半径 r对应着特定的功率等级。 因为智能天 线具有灵活的选择范围, 使其能够获得更多的调度机会, 所以优选的, 尽 可能选择天线为全向或定向天线的链路簇作为初始无线链路簇。
[116] 然后, 将选定的 加入集合 Λ, 并将 从集合 Ψ中去除。
[117] 接着,在步骤 S1220中, 资源调度器 323判断选取独立调度链路簇组 是否结束。 如果尚未结束, 则继续进行到步骤 S1230。 否则, 选取独立调 度链路簇组的过程结束,将进行到图 11中的步骤 S1120。每考虑完 Ψ中的 一个链路簇后, 就会将该链路簇从集合 Ψ中去除。 所以, 当所有的链路簇 都考虑过以后, Ψ成为空集。 因此, 步骤 S1220的判断方法就是判断 Ψ是 否为空集。 若 Ψ为空集则表示选取结束。 若 Ψ不为空, 则表示选取尚未结 束, 过程进行到步骤 S1230。
[118] 在步骤 S1230中,资源调度器 323从天线调度集合中的接入网的天线 之间的剩余无线链路簇中选取待加入独立调度链路簇组的下一个候选无 线链路簇并设定其天线波束。在步骤 S1240中, 资源调度器 323判断下一 个候选无线链路簇是否能加入到独立调度链路簇组中。如果是,则在步骤 SI 250中将所述下一个候选无线链路簇加入到独立调度链路簇组中, 然后 过程返回到步骤 S1220。 如果不是, 则过程直接返回到步骤 S 1220。
[119] 对于上例, 从 Ψ中选取无线链路簇^ Ψ作为下一个候选无线链路簇 并对其天线波束进行设定,判断其是否能通过天线波束设定加入 Λ形成新 的独立调度链路簇组。 如果能则将 加入到 Λ并从 Ψ去除, 如果不能则仅 将 ^从 Ψ去除。
[120] 无线链路簇 可以从 Ψ中随机选取。 为了进一步提高资源利用率, 可 以通过有序的选取方式来选取^ 使得更多的天线能够同时工作。 例如, 可以按照如下方式选取。在无线链路簇之间根据互斥度连线, 互斥度大于 0的链路簇之间以无向 目连。 两个链路簇中的一个到达另一个所经过的 最少无向边条数称为这两个链路簇之间的相斥距离。也就是说, 两个无线 链路簇之间的相斥距离是指所述两个无线链路簇中的一个到达另一个所 要经过的相互干扰的无线链路簇的最少个数。根据该相斥距离可以把 r,中 的链路簇划分为到初始无线链路簇 的距离分别为 1, 2, …的链路簇集合
Ψ, , Ψ 然后按照^ ,...的顺序去选取下一个候选无线链路簇。 另外, 优选地, 在每个链路簇集合 ψ1 , ψ2,...中, 可以按照全向天线、 定向天线、 智能天线的顺序选取。 在每一类天线中, 可以随机选取。
[121] 选取下一个候选无线链路簇 后, 依次考虑 和 Λ中的每一个无线链 路簇/ ^ Λ。 对于每个 及其天线波束设定, 找到与其产生的干扰在预定范 围 (例如, 可容忍范围) 内的 的天线波束设定, 再将 的所有这些天线 波束设定取交集。如果该交集存在,则认为具有这个交集的天线波束设定 的 可以加入 Λ, 将 其加入 Λ并从 Ψ去除。 如果不存在这样的交集, 则表 明不能将 的天线波束设定成与独立调度链路簇组 Λ中的每个无线链路簇 之间的相互干扰在预定范围内, 仅将 ^从 Ψ去除。
[122] 在针对每个 对 的天线波束进行设定时, 如果 的发射天线类型为 全向天线或定向天线, 则从 的最高功率等级开始计算 和/在设定的功 率等级下的天线波束边缘用户的信噪比。 如果信噪比超过例如可容忍范 围, 则尝试降低 的功率等级直到信噪比达到容忍界限。 设定了功率等级 后, 辐射半径即为与功率等级的覆盖范围对应的半径。
[123] 如果 的发射天线类型是智能天线, 则除了如上所述地设定功率等级 和天线波束外, 还可以将 的天线波束的辐射角等分成多个子辐射角, 即 在圆周方向上等分成多个扇形。对于每个扇形,使用类似于针对定向天线 的方法, 求得合适的功率等级, 然后进行合并。合并可以包括功率等级最 大化或辐射角度最大化两个不同的目标。也就是说,使得合并后的天线波 束的功率等级最大化(意味着辐射半径最大化), 或者使得合并后的天线 波束的辐射角最大化。为了提高准确性,合并时还可以考虑各个扇形区域 的带宽需求, 没有带宽需求的扇形不需要合并。
[124] 图 13示出了智能天线的天线波束设定的示例。在图 13所示的情形中,
Λ中已具有元素 /^和 。 /^和 的天线波束参数分别为( , , )和( )。 是候选无线链路簇, 需要进行天线波束设定。 将 的天线辐角等分为 6 个扇形 ,分别计算每个扇形的与 和 的干扰在预定范围内的天线波束设 定。 计算后得出以下结果。 相对^ 若取辐射角最大, 则辐射半径为。 3Α; 若取最大辐射半径, 则辐射角为 =300。 (5
/6圆周), 偏向角为 =240。。 相 对于 , 可以辐射角和辐射半径同时达到最大。通过对各个扇形中的天线 波束进行合并,若取最大功率等级,则 的参数为( =240。, =300。,r3 =ο3Β ); 若取最大辐射角, 则 φ的参数为 360°, r3 =o,A )。
[125] 通过将智能天线的天线波束的辐射角等分后分别设定每个辐射角的 天线波束, 再依据优化目标合并波束, 有效地减少了计算复杂度, 能够快 速确定智能天线的波束设定。
[126] 返回来参考图 11, 在选取完独立调度链路簇组之后, 在步骤 S1120 中, 资源调度器 323为独立调度链路簇组中的无线链路簇分配带宽。
[127] 对于上例, 由于独立调度链路簇组 Λ中的每个无线链路簇与该组中其 他无线链路簇的相互干扰都在预定范围内,因此所有无线链路簇可以同时 分配带宽。无线链路簇的天线波束的辐射半径对应于该无线链路簇的带宽 需求向量 fiW_r^都有一个带宽需求值, 即带宽需求向量中的一个元素。 设这些值依次为: Α,Α, 其中最小值设为 min{A 'e[l,|A|]}, 最大值为
[ΐ,|Λ|]}。为独立调度链路簇组 Λ中每个无线链路簇同时分配的带宽 可 以 设为 最 小 值到 最 大值之 间 的 任何一个值 , 即 min{A I e[l,|A|]}≤ ≤max{A I e[l,|A|]}。 选定 , 修改 Γ;中元素的带宽需求。 对 于同时属于 Γ, Λ的元素的带宽需求: 对于 Γ;中其
Figure imgf000022_0001
它元素, 如果和 Λ中的元素构成前趋关系, 即转发从 Λ的链路簇(前趋链 路簇)接收到的数据, 则将该元素的带宽需求相应增加 A。
[128] 然后, 在步骤 S1130中, 判断天线调度是否结束。 如上所述, 对 1中 的无线链路簇进行带宽分配后, 将分配到的带宽从该链路簇的带宽需求 (对应于第一带宽需求) 中减去。 当所有无线链路簇的带宽需求都为 0 时,表明所有无线链路簇的带宽需求都得到满足, 即可判断整个天线调度 流程结束。
[129] 如果在步骤 S1130中判断天线调度未结束,则过程返回到步骤 S1110, 继续选取独立调度链路簇组。 如果结束, 则转到图 4中的 S440, 资源调 度器 323将无线资源分配结果发送给无线链路簇所在的接入网。
[130] 无线资源分配结果可以包括: 各接入网分配到的无线资源 (比如时 隙)、 每个链路簇对应于每个无线资源的天线波束和功率等级等。 其中, ^ 入网分配到的无线资源(比如时隙)可以用现有方法, 通过接入网中 的无线链路簇分配到的带宽来换算。
[131] 作为示例,在分配结果的发送过程中,天线管理装置向接入网发送调 度结果发送请求信令 ^ ^^^^- 接入网根据情况进行判断。 如果 允许接收, 则将调度结果发送响应信令 ^^^^6^- 置为?"e并发送给 天线管理装置。否则,将调度结果发送响应信令^ 置为 并发送给天线管理装置。 天线管理装置收到响应为?"e则发送, 否则停止 发送, 并在之后的时间内再进 fr*求。 当这个时间或请求次 t¾过一定的 阈值时, 停止发送。
[132] 另外,根据本发明实施例的天线管理装置中的各个部件如资源使用信 息收集器 310、 资源使用效率分析器 320、 天线调度器 330、 资源使用状 态数据库 340等可以整体地设置在同一个网络实体上,也可以分散地设置 在不同的网络实体上。
[133] 在根据本发明实施例的方法和装置中,将被管理的接入网中参与天线 调度的接入网划分到不同的天线调度集合中,使用相同频谱资源的接入网 组成同一天线调度集合;将每个接入网的无线链路划分为一个或更多个无 线链路簇;对天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇分配无线资源, 以使得所 述天线调度集合中的所有链路簇之间的相互干扰在预定范围内。 由此,尽 可能多的接入网能够使用相同频谱资源在干扰允许范围内同时工作,增加 了频傳复用的机会, 实现了资源高效利用的目的。 另外, 与以单个无线链 路为单位分配资源的情况相比, 以无线链路簇为单位分配无线资源, 降低 了天线调度所需的计算量。
[134] 另外,在根据本发明实施例的方法和装置中,对于异构无线接入网的 覆盖范围、 采用的无线技术、 网络架构、 以及资源使用方式等不做任何限 制。根据本发明实施例的方法和装置所针对的异构无线接入网在面向用户 端可以采用各种先进的天线技术为用户提供无线接入服务, 包括全向天 线、 定向天线、 智能天线、 分布式天线( Distributed Antenna )等等。
[135] 此外, 上述装置中各个组成模块、 单元可以通过软件、 固件、硬件或 其组合的方式进行配置。配置可使用的具体手段或方式为本领域技术人员 所熟知, 在此不再赘述。 在通过软件或固件实现的情况下, 从存储介质或 网络向具有专用硬件结构的计算机安装构成该软件的程序,该计算机在安 装有各种程序时, 能够执行各种功能等。
[136] 图 14示出了可用于实施根据本发明实施例的方法和装置的计算机的 示意性框图。 在图 14 中, 中央处理单元(CPU ) 1401 根据只读存储器 ( ROM ) 1402中存储的程序或从存储部分 1408加载到随机存取存储器 ( RAM ) 1403的程序执行各种处理。 在 RAM 1403中, 还根据需要存储 当 CPU 1401执行各种处理等等时所需的数据。 CPU 1401、 ROM 1402 和 RAM 1403经由总线 1404彼此连接。 输入 /输出接口 1405也连接到总 线 1404。
[137] 下述部件连接到输入 /输出接口 1405: 输入部分 1406 (包括 、 鼠 标等等)、 输出部分 1407 (包括显示器, 比如阴极射线管 (CRT )、 液晶 显示器(LCD )等, 和扬声器等)、 存储部分 1408 (包括硬盘等)、 通信 部分 1409(包括网络接口卡比如 LAN卡、调制解调器等)。通信部分 1409 经由网络比如因特网执行通信处理。 根据需要, 驱动器 1410也可连接到 输入 /输出接口 1405。 可拆卸介质 1411比如磁盘、 光盘、 磁光盘、 半导体 存储器等等可以根据需要被安装在驱动器 1410上, 使得从中读出的计算 序根据需要被安装到存储部分 1408中。
[138] 在通过软件实现上述系列处理的情况下,从网络比如因特网或存储介 质比如可拆卸介质 1411安装构成软件的程序。
[139] 本领域的技术人员应当理解, 这种存储介质不局限于图 14所示的其 中存储有程序、 与设备相分离地分发以向用户提供程序的可拆卸介盾 1411。 可拆卸介质 1411的例子包含磁盘(包含软盘(注册商标))、 光盘 (包含光盘只读存储器( CD-ROM )和数字通用盘 ( DVD ) )、磁光盘 (包 含迷你盘(MD ) (注册商标))和半导体存储器。 或者, 存储介质可以是 ROM 1402、 存储部分 1408中包含的硬盘等等, 其中存有程序, 并且与 包含它们的设备一起被分发给用户。
[140] 本发明还提出一种存储有机器可读取的指令代码的程序产品。所述指 令代码由机器读取并执行时, 可执行上述根据本发明实施例的方法。
[141] 相应地,用于承载上述存储有机器可读取的指令代码的程序产品的存 储介质也包括在本发明的公开中。所述存储介质包括但不限于软盘、光盘、 磁光盘、 存储卡、 存 等等。
[142] 在上面对本发明具体实施例的描述中, 针对一种实施方式描述和 /或 示出的特征可以以相同或类似的方式在一个或更多个其它实施方式中使 用, 与其它实施方式中的特征相组合, 或替代其它实施方式中的特征。
[143] 应该强调, 术语"包括 /包含"在本文使用时指特征、 要素、 步骤或组 件的存在, 但并不排除一个或更多个其它特征、要素、 步骤或组件的存在 或附加。
[144] 此外,本发明的方法不限于按照说明书中描述的时间顺序来执行,也 可以按照其他的时间顺序地、 并行地或独立地执行。 因此, 本说明书中描 述的方法的执行顺序不对本发明的技术范围构成限制。
[145] 尽管上面已经通过对本发明的具体实施例的描述对本发明进行了披 露, 但是, 应该理解, 上述的所有实施例和示例均是示例性的, 而非限制 性的。本领域的技术人员可在所附权利要求的精神和范围内设计对本发明 的各种修改、 改进或者等同物。 这些修改、 改进或者等同物也应当被认为 包括在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1. 一种天线管理方法, 包括:
从被管理的接入网收集资源使用信息;
根据所述资源使用信息,从所述被管理的接入网中选取参与天线调度 的接入网组成天线调度集合,使用相同频谱资源的接入网组成同一天线调 度集合;
将所述天线调度集合中的每个接入网的无线链路划分为一个或更多 个无线链路簇,每个无线链路簇包含同一接入网中具有同一发射节点或同 一接收节点的一条或更多条无线链路;
为所述天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇分配无线资源,以使得所述 天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇之间的相互干扰在预定范围内; 以及 将无线资源分配结果发送给每个无线链路簇所在的接入网。
2.根据权利要求 1 的天线管理方法, 其中, 为所述天线调度集合中 的所有无线链路簇分配无线资源包括:
从所述天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇中选取独立调度链路簇组, 所述独立调度链路簇组中每个无线链路簇的天线波束被设定成使得该无 线链路簇与所述独立调度链路簇组中的其它每个无线链路簇之间的相互 干扰在所述预定范围内;
为所述独立调度链路簇组中的每个无线链路簇分配带宽; 以及
重复所述独立调度链路簇组选取和所述带宽分配,直到所述天线调度 集合中的所有无线链路簇的第一带宽需求都得到满足。
3.根据权利要求 2的天线管理方法, 还包括:
根据每个无线链路簇的功率等级的覆盖范围将所述无线链路簇在辐 射半径方向上划分成至少一个带宽需求区域,其中,每个带宽需求区域内 的带宽需求为所述无线链路簇中的包含该带宽需求区域内的节点的所有 无线链路的带宽需求之和,所述无线链路簇的各带宽需求区域内的带宽需 求之和等于所述无线链路簇的第一带宽需求; 以及 确定每个无线链路簇的当前设定的天线波束的辐射半径所对应的带 宽需求区域内的带宽需求,作为该无线链路簇在其当前天线波束设定下的 带宽需求。
4.根据权利要求 2的天线管理方法, 其中, 选取独立调度链路簇组 包括:
从所述天线调度集合中的无线链路簇中选取一个无线链路簇作为所 述独立调度链路簇组的初始无线链路簇,并设定所述初始无线链路簇的天 线波束;
从所述天线调度集合中的剩余无线链路簇中选取待加入所述独立调 度链路簇组的下一个候选无线链路簇并设定其天线波束;
如果所述下一个候选无线链路簇的天线波束能够被设定成使得所述 下一个候选无线链路簇与所述独立调度链路簇组中的每个已有无线链路 簇之间的相互干扰在所述预定范围内,则将所述下一个候选无线链路簇加 入到所述独立调度链路簇组中; 以及
重复所述选取下一个候选无线链路簇并设定其天线波束、以及所述加 入, 直到所述天线调度集合中的所有剩余无线链路簇均被选取和设定过。
5. 根据权利要求 4的天线管理方法, 其中, 选取待加入所述独立调 度链路簇组的下一个候选无线链路簇包括:
从所述天线调度集合中的剩余无线链路簇中选取与所述初始无线链 路簇之间的相斥距离最短的无线链路簇,作为待加入所述独立调度链路簇 组的下一个候选无线链路簇,
其中,两个无线链路簇之间的相斥距离是指所述两个无线链路簇中的 一个到达另一个所要经过的相互干扰的无线链路簇的最少个数。
6. 根据权利要求 4的天线管理方法, 其中, 设定下一个候选无线链 路簇的天线波束包括:
设定所述下一个候选无线链路簇的功率等级,使得在所述功率等级下 所述下一个候选无线链路簇与所述独立调度链路簇组中的每个已有无线 链路簇之间的相互干扰在所述预定范围内; 以及
将所述下一个候选无线链路簇的天线波束的辐射半径设置为与所述 功率等级的覆盖范围对应的半径。
7. 根据权利要求 4的天线管理方法, 其中, 当下一个候选无线链路 簇的发射天线类型是智能天线时, 设定下一个候选无线链路簇的天线波束包括:
将所述下一个候选无线链路簇的天线波束的辐射角分成多个子 辐射角; 以及
分别设定所述下一个候选无线链路簇在每个子辐射角内的天线 波束, 并且
所述天线管理方法还包括:
如果每个子辐射角内的天线波束都能够被设定成使得所述下一 个候选无线链路簇与所述独立调度链路簇组中的每个已有无线链路簇之 间的相互干扰在所述预定范围内,则将所述多个子辐射角内的天线波束合 并, 以得到所述下一个候选无线链路簇的天线波束。
8.根据权利要求 7的天线管理方法, 其中, 所述合并包括: 将所述多个子辐射角内的天线波束合并成使得合并后的天线波束的 辐射半径最大, 或合并后的天线波束的辐射角最大。
9. 根据权利要求 7的天线管理方法, 其中, 所述合并包括合并具有 带宽需求的子辐射角内的天线波束。
10. 才艮据权利要求 3的天线管理方法, 其中, 为所述独立调度链路簇 组中的每个无线链路簇分配带宽包括:
选择所述独立调度链路簇组中的第一无线链路簇在其当前天线波束 设定下的带宽需求作为分配值,并向该第一无线链路簇分配等于所述分配 值的带宽,其中所述第一无线链路簇为所述独立调度链路簇组中的任一无 线链路簇;
如果所述独立调度链路簇组中的除所述第一无线链路簇之外的其他 无线链路簇在其当前天线波束设定下的带宽需求低于所述分配值,则向该 其他无线链路簇分配等于其当前天线波束设定下的带宽需求的带宽;
如果所述独立调度链路簇组中的除所述第一无线链路簇之外的其他 无线链路簇在其当前天线波束设定下的带宽需求等于或高于所述分配值, 则向该其他无线链路簇分配等于所述分配值的带宽; 以及
从所述独立调度链路簇组中的每个无线链路簇在其当前天线波束设 定下的带宽需求中减去此次为该无线链路簇分配的带宽。
11.根据权利要求 2的天线管理方法, 其中, 将所述天线调度集合中 的无线链路簇中的转发链路簇的第一带宽需求的初始值设置为零,其中所 述转发链路簇是中继节点间的无线链路簇; 并且
所述天线管理方法还包括:
确定所述转发链路簇的前趋链路簇; 以及
当所述转发链路簇的前趋链路簇被选取到所述独立调度链路簇组中 并被分配了带宽时,将所述转发链路簇的第一带宽需求增加为所述转发链 路簇的前趋链路簇分配得到的带宽。
12.根据权利要求 1的天线管理方法, 其中, 从被管理的接入网收集 资源使用信息包括:
从所述被管理的接入网收集资源使用状态数据。
13.根据权利要求 12的天线管理方法, 其中, 从被管理的接入网收 集资源使用信息还包括:
从所述被管理的接入网收集天线调度请求。
14. 根据权利要求 13的天线管理方法, 其中, 通过周期性地向所述 被管理的接入网发送信息收集请求来收集所述资源使用状态数据和所述 天线调度请求; 或者,通过接收所述被管理的接入网主动发送的信息数据 来收集所述资源使用状态数据和所述天线调度请求。
15.根据权利要求 12的天线管理方法, 还包括: 接入网: 、― '、 '、
判断所述资源利用率低是否由干扰造成;
如果所述资源利用率低是由干扰造成, 则发起所述组成天线调度集 合、 所述划分无线链路簇以及所述分配无线资源。
16.根据权利要求 1的天线管理方法, 还包括:
接收来自所述被管理的接入网的预调度结果; 以及
在分配无线资源时,避免对优先级高且不参与天线调度的接入网的预 调度结果产生影响,并为优先级高且参与天线调度的接入网优先分配无线
17. 才艮据权利要求 1的天线管理方法, 其中, 所述被管理的接入网包 括多个异构接入网。
18. 一种天线管理装置, 包括:
资源使用信息收集器,用于从被管理的接入网收集资源使用信息; 以 及
天线调度器, 包括:
天线选择器, 用于根据所述资源使用信息,从所述被管理的接入 网中选取参与天线调度的接入网组成天线调度集合,使用相同频谱资源的 接入网组成同一天线调度集合;
链路簇划分器,用于将所述天线调度集合中的每个接入网的无线 链路划分为一个或更多个无线链路簇,每个无线链路簇包含同一接入网中 具有同一发射节点或同一接收节点的一条或更多条无线链路; 以及
资源调度器,用于为所述天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇分配 无线资源,以使得所述天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇之间的相互干扰 在预定范围内,并将无线资源分配结果发送给每个无线链路簇所在的接入 网。
19. 一种计算 序产品, 所述计算才 序产品存储有计算机可读取 的指令代码,所述指令代码当由计算机读取并执行时,使得所述计算机执 行天线管理处理, 所述天线管理处理包括:
从被管理的接入网收集资源使用信息;
根据所述资源使用信息,从所述被管理的接入网中选取参与天线调度 的接入网组成天线调度集合,使用相同频谱资源的接入网组成同一天线调 度集合;
将所述天线调度集合中的每个接入网的无线链路划分为一个或更多 个无线链路簇,每个无线链路簇包含同一接入网中具有同一发射节点或同 一接收节点的一条或更多条无线链路;
为所述天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇分配无线资源,以使得所述 天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇之间的相互干扰在预定范围内; 以及 将无线资源分配结果发送给每个无线链路簇所在的接入网。
20. 一种存储媒质, 所述存储媒质承载存储有计算机可读取的指令代 码的程序产品, 所述指令代码当由计算机读取并执行时,使得所述计算机 执行天线管理处理, 所述天线管理处理包括: 从被管理的接入网收集资源使用信息;
根据所述资源使用信息,从所述被管理的接入网中选取参与天线调度 的接入网组成天线调度集合,使用相同频谱资源的接入网组成同一天线调 度集合;
将所述天线调度集合中的每个接入网的无线链路划分为一个或更多 个无线链路簇,每个无线链路簇包含同一接入网中具有同一发射节点或同 一接收节点的一条或更多条无线链路;
为所述天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇分配无线资源,以使得所述 天线调度集合中的所有无线链路簇之间的相互干扰在预定范围内; 以及 将无线资源分配结果发送给每个无线链路簇所在的接入网。
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