WO2012111497A1

WO2012111497A1 - Lighting device and plant cultivation device

Info

Publication number: WO2012111497A1
Application number: PCT/JP2012/052816
Authority: WO
Inventors: 智樹久保
Original assignee: シャープ株式会社
Priority date: 2011-02-15
Filing date: 2012-02-08
Publication date: 2012-08-23

Abstract

A lighting device (1) comprises a light source (2), a reflection section (3) which reflects light (L) emitted from the light source (2) toward a plant (P) to produce the main irradiation direction for the plant (P), and a support section (4) which supports the light source (2) and the reflection section (3). An attachment mechanism (5) for attaching the reflection section (3) and the support section (4) is so adapted as to alter the main irradiation direction by moving the reflection section (3) relative to the support section (4).

Description

Lighting device and plant cultivation device

The present invention relates to a lighting device for plant cultivation and a plant cultivation device equipped with the same.

In the future agriculture, it is expected that the needs of plant factories that can cultivate plants using lighting devices and enable annual supply of plants and planned production will increase.

Also, in a fully controlled plant factory that creates a completely controlled environment in a closed space separated from the outside, there is no invasion of pathogenic bacteria and pests, so that they can be prevented or controlled There is no need to spray pesticides. Therefore, safe production without agricultural chemicals becomes possible.

Development of such a plant factory is still in the process of research. For example, there are still many issues regarding the control of light that is indispensable for plant growth.

For example, Patent Document 1 listed below discloses a plant-growing lighting device that resolves chronic shortage of sunlight in the side or lower position of a plant.

Specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 16, the plant-growing lighting device 100 includes an upper lighting fixture 101 installed at a position above the plant P in order to irradiate light from above the plant P, and a side surface of the plant P. A side lighting device 102 installed at a side position of the plant P for irradiating light toward the position, and a lower position of the plant P for irradiating light toward the lower position of the plant P The lower lighting fixture 103 is provided.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 17, by adjusting the mounting angles of the

light sources

102a, 102b, and 103a of the side lighting fixture 102 and the lower lighting fixture 103 according to the growth of the plant P, the light distribution can be widened. The amount of light can be increased.

Furthermore, as another example, in Patent Document 2 listed below, in order to obtain effects such as plant growth promotion and disease control, ultraviolet rays having a preferable intensity are applied from the tip of the plant to the root in accordance with the growth stage of the plant. A lighting fixture intended to irradiate is disclosed.

Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 18 and 19, the lighting apparatus 200 includes a plurality of lamps 201, and each lamp 201 houses a linear light emitting unit 202 that irradiates ultraviolet rays. The plurality of lamps 201 are connected to each other by a hinge part 203 so as to be freely rotatable. The plurality of lamps 201 irradiate light in a direction in which the respective light emitting parts 202 are arranged in a substantially linear shape (FIG. 18A and FIG. 19A) and directions in which the respective lamps 201 are substantially opposite to each other. It can be switched to the folded state ((b) in FIG. 18 and (c) in FIG. 19).

As illustrated in FIG. 19B, the lighting device 200 rotates the lamps 201 to adjust the irradiation direction of ultraviolet rays, so that the plant P extends from the tip to the root according to the growth stage of the plant P. It can be irradiated with ultraviolet rays having a preferable intensity.

Also, as shown in FIGS. 18A and 18B, the reflecting plate 205 housed in the housing 204 is easily slid out by hand and can be fixed at an arbitrary position.

JP 2005-328702 A (released on December 2, 2005) JP 2010-267591 A (published on November 25, 2010) JP-A-8-37930 (published February 13, 1996) JP 2001-95376 A (published April 10, 2001)

However, in the configurations disclosed in

Patent Documents

1 and 2, the irradiation direction or the amount of irradiation light can be freely changed in accordance with the growth of the plant without causing the leaf to burn in the state in which the light source is disposed close to the plant. It is difficult.

In plant factories, it is necessary to irradiate plants with sufficient light instead of sunlight. For this reason, if it is going to shine light on a plant efficiently, a light source must be arranged close to a plant. If it does so, the problem which the heat of a light source causes leaf burning to a plant will generate | occur | produce. Measures against the heat of the light source are necessary even if an LED (light emitting diode) is used as the light source, and not only incandescent bulbs, but also heat dissipation measures are required for the current mainstream fluorescent tubes. However, the fact is that the heat dissipation measures of the light source are not taken so much.

For example, in the configuration of Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 17, the mounting angle of the light source 102 a and the like is adjusted according to the growth of the plant P, but the light source 102 a and the like are arranged close to the plant P. In some cases, the above-mentioned problem in which leaf burning occurs in the plant P is not considered.

On the other hand, in the configuration of Patent Document 2, the amount of irradiation light can be changed by changing the light distribution direction or changing the drawing amount of the reflection plate 205 within a range in which the plurality of lamps 201 rotate in an arc shape. . However, there is a restriction on the change of the light distribution direction, and the degree of freedom of change according to the growth of the plant P is low.

More specifically, the main light irradiation direction of the lamp 201 is limited to a direction perpendicular to the mounting surface of the housing 204 where the light emitting unit 202 is provided, and the perpendicular direction is along an arc in which the lamp 201 rotates. It just turns.

Also, the configuration of the lighting fixture 200 is complicated.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to arrange a light source close to a plant, to prevent leaf burning, and to provide an irradiation direction that matches the growth of the plant. An object of the present invention is to provide a lighting device having a high degree of freedom of change.

In order to solve the above problems, the lighting device of the present invention
(1) An illumination device for irradiating light to a plant,
(2) a light source;
(3) Reflecting the light emitted from the light source toward the plant, thereby generating a main irradiation direction for the plant; and
(4) a support unit that supports the light source and the reflection unit,
(5) The attachment mechanism between the reflection part and the support part is configured to change the main irradiation direction by moving the reflection part with respect to the support part.

According to the above configuration, the light emitted from the light source is not irradiated directly on the plant, but indirectly through the reflecting portion. Therefore, the radiant heat generated by the light source is absorbed to some extent by the reflecting portion. Even if infrared light is included in the light emitted from the light source, the infrared light is not directly irradiated to the plant but is irradiated to the reflecting portion, and thus is absorbed to some extent by the reflecting portion. As a result, it is possible to suppress the generation of leaf burn due to the radiant heat generated by the light source or the infrared light included in the light. For this reason, the illuminating device of this invention tends to take the state which has arrange | positioned the light source close to the plant.

Moreover, by moving the reflecting portion relative to the support portion, the main irradiation direction of the reflecting portion, in other words, the direction of the reflected light can be changed. Therefore, it is possible to easily adjust the balance between how heat is transmitted to the plant and the amount of irradiation light necessary for the plant. Furthermore, it is easy to adjust the amount of irradiation light following changes in plant growth.

As described above, the lighting device of the present invention has an effect that, in a state where the light source is arranged close to the plant, leaf burning does not occur and the degree of freedom in changing the irradiation direction in accordance with the growth of the plant is high. be able to.

According to the illumination device and the plant cultivation device of the present invention, the reflection unit that generates the main irradiation direction is configured to be movable with respect to the support unit by reflecting the light emitted from the light source toward the plant. In addition, it is possible to perform light irradiation that does not easily cause leaf burning, and it is easy to adjust the light distribution according to the growth of the plant.

It is explanatory sectional drawing which shows the example of 1 structure of the illuminating device concerning this invention. It is explanatory sectional drawing which shows the other structural example of the illuminating device concerning this invention. It is a figure which shows the convex part of the reflection part which comprises the attachment mechanism with which the illuminating device of FIG. 1 was equipped, (a) represents a side view, (b) represents the front view. It is a top view which shows an example of the guide hole of the support part which comprises the said attachment mechanism. FIG. 2 is an explanatory plan view showing a state in which the reflection unit rotates with respect to a support unit provided in the illumination device of FIG. 1. It is a side view which shows the 1st support mechanism which changes the height position of the said support part and fixes a support part. It is a front view which shows the jig | tool for positioning which comprises the said 1st support mechanism. It is a perspective view showing typically the state where a plurality of support parts were fixed in a different height position using the 1st support mechanism. It is a side view which shows the state which fixed the some support part in a different height position using the said 1st support mechanism. It is a top view which shows the structural example of an illuminating device array. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating the structure of a 2nd support mechanism. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of arrangement | positioning which varied the height position and horizontal position of the both ends of the said support part, and made the support surface of the support part the non-horizontal state. It is a side view which shows the other form of the attachment method of the illuminating device array with respect to the said 1st support mechanism or the 2nd support mechanism. It is explanatory drawing which shows the state which set the optimal orientation with respect to the plant. It is a perspective view which shows the plant cultivation apparatus which mainly drew arrangement | positioning of an illuminating device. It is an elevational view showing a conventional plant growing lighting device. FIG. 17 is an elevational view showing adjustment of a light source mounting angle in the plant-growing lighting device shown in FIG. 16. It is a perspective view which shows the expansion | deployment state and folding state of the conventional lighting fixture. It is a side view which shows the state which used the lighting fixture shown in FIG. 18 according to the plant height of a plant.

[Embodiment 1]
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9 as follows. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention only to those unless otherwise specified. This is just an example.

(Main components of the lighting device)
FIG. 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a lighting device according to the present invention.

The illuminating device 1 that irradiates the plant P with light L reflects the light source 2 and the light L emitted from the light source 2 toward the plant P, thereby generating a main irradiation direction with respect to the plant P. 3 and a support portion 4 that supports the light source 2 and the reflection portion 3.

The attachment mechanism 5 between the reflection unit 3 and the support unit 4 is configured to change the main irradiation direction by moving the reflection unit 3 with respect to the support unit 4. In addition, the light source 2 is arranged so that the reflection surface of the reflection unit 3 is surrounded on three sides, and the direction in which the light source 2 emits light is the reflection surface of the reflection unit 3 (preferably the center of the reflection surface). Suitable for.

According to the above configuration, the light L emitted from the light source 2 is not irradiated directly on the plant P, but is indirectly irradiated via the reflection unit 3. Therefore, the radiant heat generated by the heat generated by the light source 2 is absorbed to some extent by the reflecting portion 3 surrounding the light source 2, so that the generation of leaf burn due to the radiant heat can be suppressed. Furthermore, even if the light L emitted from the light source 2 includes infrared light, the infrared light is not directly irradiated to the plant P, but is first irradiated to the reflecting portion 3 and absorbed to some extent by the reflecting portion 3. Is done. Therefore, generation | occurrence | production of the leaf burn by infrared rays heating up the plant P can also be suppressed. For this reason, the illuminating device 1 tends to take the state which has arrange | positioned the light source 2 with respect to the plant P closely.

In addition, by moving the reflecting portion 3 with respect to the support portion 4, the main irradiation direction of the reflecting portion 3, in other words, the direction of the reflected light can be changed. Therefore, the balance between how heat is transmitted to the plant P and the amount of irradiation light necessary for the plant P can be easily adjusted. Furthermore, it is also easy to adjust the amount of irradiation light following changes in the growth of the plant P.

As described above, the lighting device 1 has an effect that, in the state where the light source 2 is disposed close to the plant P, leaf burning does not occur, and the degree of freedom in changing the irradiation direction in accordance with the growth of the plant P is high. Obtainable.

(About light source)
As the light source 2, various light sources such as an LED (light emitting diode), an incandescent lamp, a fluorescent lamp, a metal halide lamp, or a high-pressure sodium lamp can be used.

In particular, LEDs can be used as a plant illumination light source in that only light having a wavelength necessary for plants can be freely selected, light that does not contain infrared light can be emitted, long life, and low power consumption. Is highly useful.

In the example of FIG. 1, the light source 2 corresponds to an LED substrate on which an LED package and a drive circuit are mounted.

As the LED package, an ordinary general-purpose product can be adopted, but it is desirable that the light emission amount is as large as 1 W or more. For example, an LED illumination device in which 24 LED chips are built in one package can be used as the light source 2. In this LED lighting device, individual LED chips are mounted on a ceramic substrate. Since the LED chip itself generates heat and the temperature rise shortens the life of the LED chip, it is required to increase the heat dissipation of the support portion 4 on which the LED package is directly mounted as a heat countermeasure.

(Reflecting part)
The reflection unit 3 is configured by an optical member that functions as an optical path changing unit that changes the optical path of the light L emitted from the light source 2 and directs it toward the plant P.

The reflective portion 3 may be formed by molding a white polycarbonate having a high reflectance (for example, manufactured by Idemitsu Kosan Co., Ltd.) or a metal having high heat dissipation properties, or by attaching a reflective sheet to a reflective surface formed of an arbitrary material. Alternatively, it may be formed by evaporating aluminum or silver.

When the reflecting part 3 is formed of a material with high heat dissipation, the reflecting part 3 absorbs radiant heat from the light source 2, so that the influence of heat on the plant P can be further reduced. Even when the reflecting portion 3 is formed of a material having relatively poor heat dissipation such as polycarbonate, the influence of heat on the plant P is reduced by the reflecting portion 3 absorbing radiant heat to some extent.

An example of the shape of the reflecting portion 3 is a ¼ sphere with an open end surface 3a as shown in FIG. However, the shape is not limited to this, and the reflecting surface may be an elliptical part or a parabolic part, for example, as shown in FIG. That is, since the reflection part 3 can be exchanged with respect to the attachment mechanism 5, the user may select a shape that enables necessary light distribution according to the appearance of the plant or the growth stage.

In FIG. 1, the reflection unit 3 is illustrated as having a bottom surface 3 b, but in order to promote heat dissipation described below, the light source 2 can be directly fixed to the upper surface of the support unit 4. It is preferable that an opening is formed in the bottom surface 3b.

Furthermore, the reflection unit 3 may be configured to transmit part of the light L emitted from the light source 2. In order to impart transparency to the reflective portion 3, the constituent material of the reflective portion 3 may be selected, or physical processing such as forming a plurality of openings of arbitrary shapes on the reflective wall of the reflective portion 3 is performed. May be.

Further, the reflecting part 3 may be made diffusive so that the light transmitted through the reflecting part 3 is diffused. In order to impart transparency and diffusibility to the reflective portion 3, a constituent material of the reflective portion 3 may be selected, or at least the opening may be covered with a diffusion sheet.

Thereby, as shown in FIG. 1, not only the light is supplied to the plant P by the reflected light L, but also, for example, another plant can be gently irradiated by the light La transmitted through the reflecting portion 3. Therefore, light distribution with suppressed leaf burning is further facilitated for a plurality of plants arranged.

Further, when the reflecting portion 3 is given diffusivity in addition to transparency, the irradiation range by the transmitted light La can be expanded.

(About support part)
The support part 4 not only supports the light source 2 and the reflection part 3 but also serves as a heat dissipation part that releases heat generated by the light source 2. Therefore, the main body of the support portion 4 is preferably formed of a material having high heat dissipation, in other words, a heat conductive good conductor (for example, a metal such as copper, aluminum, or iron). Further, a structure in which the surface area is increased to increase heat dissipation, such as providing unevenness on the side surface and the bottom surface of the support portion 4, may be employed.

(About the mounting mechanism)
The attachment mechanism 5 shown in FIG. 1 has a configuration common to the reflection part 3 and another reflection part 13 having a different reflection angle of the light L with respect to the plant P. Therefore, as already described, the reflecting portion 3 and the other reflecting portion 13 can be exchanged with each other.

Thus, the reflection part 3 is replaceable, and not only the irradiation direction is changed by rotation with respect to the support part 4, but also the reflection of the light in the vertical direction when the reflection part 3 is viewed from the side surface by exchanging the reflection part 3. The spread can be arbitrarily selected. Thereby, the said main irradiation direction can be changed more easily according to the positional relationship of the plant P and the light source 2, or according to the growth of the plant P. FIG.

3A and 3B are diagrams showing the convex portion 5a of the reflecting portion 3 constituting the attachment mechanism 5, wherein FIG. 3A shows a side view and FIG. 3B shows a front view. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an example of the guide hole 5 b of the support portion 4 constituting the attachment mechanism 5. FIG. 5 is an explanatory plan view showing how the reflecting portion 3 rotates with respect to the support portion 4.

As shown in FIG. 5, one specific example of the attachment mechanism 5 is that the reflecting portion 3 is placed along the upper surface of the support portion 4 so that the main irradiation direction (D1 and D2) can be directed in various directions (see FIG. 1 is a slide mechanism that can be rotated (along a double arrow A). As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the slide mechanism includes a convex portion 5 a provided on the bottom surface of the reflecting portion 3 and a guide hole 5 b formed in the support portion 4. The convex portion 5a slides along the groove shape of the guide hole 5b while being fitted in the guide hole 5b.

More specifically, the convex part 5a includes a leg part 5a-1 projecting downward from the bottom surface of the reflecting part 3 and a flange part formed at the end of the leg part 5a-1 and having a diameter larger than that of the leg part 5a-1. 5a-2.

The guide hole 5b is formed, for example, by hollowing out the upper wall of the hollow support portion 4 into a ring shape leaving a part of the ring.

The number of the convex portions 5a and the guide holes 5b may be one by one, or may be two by two as shown in FIGS.

(About other lighting devices)
FIG. 2 is an explanatory cross-sectional view showing another configuration example of the illumination device according to the present invention.

The basic configuration of the lighting device 20 is the same as that of the lighting device 1. That is, the illumination device 20 reflects the light source 22 and the light L emitted from the light source 22 toward the plant P, thereby generating a main irradiation direction for the plant P, and the light source 22 and the reflecting unit. And a support portion 24 that supports 23.

The attachment mechanism 25 between the reflection part 23 and the support part 24 is configured to change the main irradiation direction by moving the reflection part 23 with respect to the support part 24.

However, the reflecting portion 23 has a hemispherical shape with an open end surface, and is supported by the supporting portion 24 by an attachment mechanism 25 that has a higher degree of freedom in changing the main irradiation direction than the reflecting portion 3. ing.

The attachment mechanism 25 includes a spherical guide hole 25a formed in the main body of the solid support portion 24, and a spherical convex portion 25b provided in the outer wall (for example, the center of the hemisphere) of the reflection portion 23 and press-fitted into the spherical guide hole 25a. It consists of and.

The spherical convex portion 25b rotates along the inner surface of the spherical guide hole 25a, so that the reflecting portion 23 has a horizontal direction indicated by a double arrow A in FIG. 2 and a vertical direction (vertical direction) indicated by a double arrow B in FIG. Rotate with a three-dimensional degree of freedom in an arbitrary combination of these two directions.

Thereby, the main irradiation direction can be changed more easily according to the positional relationship between the plant P and the light source 22 or according to the growth of the plant P.

(About the first support mechanism)
6 changes at least one of the height position (position in the vertical direction) of the support part 4 or 24 (hereinafter simply referred to as the support part 4) and the horizontal distance between the plant P and the light source 2, It is a side view which shows the 1st support mechanism 30 which fixes the support part 4. FIG. FIG. 7 is a front view showing the positioning jig 31 constituting the first support mechanism 30. FIG. 8 is a perspective view schematically showing a state in which the plurality of support portions 4 are fixed at different height positions using the first support mechanism 30. FIG. 9 is a side view showing a state in which the plurality of support portions 4 are fixed at different height positions using the first support mechanism 30.

As shown in FIG. 6, as an example, the first support mechanism 30 can change the height position of the positioning jig 31 that fixes one end of the support section 4 and the positioning jig 31. And a support column 32 for supporting the positioning jig 31.

As shown in FIG. 7, the positioning jig 31 is formed with a hole 31a through which a fastener can be inserted so that one end of the support portion 4 can be fastened with a fastener such as a screw or a screw. Yes. Moreover, the form which inserts the protrusion which protrudes from the end surface of the support part 4 in the said hole 31a, without using a fastener. The cross-sectional shape of the positioning jig 31 is I-shaped or L-shaped.

In addition, it is preferable to form a plurality of holes 31a in the positioning jig 31 so that the lighting device can be moved closer to or away from the plant by changing the horizontal position of the support portion 4. In this case, the support part 4 can be fixed by selecting the hole 31a at an appropriate horizontal position. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 6, the some support part 4 can be fixed with respect to a different horizontal position at the same height position.

A plurality of holes (not shown) are also formed in the support column 32 in the same manner as the positioning jig 31. Thereby, the positioning jig 31 can be fixed to the support column 32 at various height positions.

As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the horizontal position and height position of the support portion 4 can be freely changed by the first support mechanism 30 having such a configuration. Can be fixed for various horizontal positions and various height positions.

Thereby, according to the growth of the plant P, the horizontal distance and the height position between the light source 2 and the plant P can be variously changed, and an optimal light distribution can be selected. Moreover, since the some support part 4 which made the horizontal position and height position differ using the 1st support mechanism 30 can be fixed, the light distribution by the optimal irradiation light quantity according to the growth of the plant P is further performed. Can be easily adjusted.

[Embodiment 2]
Another embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. However, about the same structure as the structure demonstrated in the said embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

(About the second support mechanism)
The first support mechanism 30 can be composed of at least one positioning jig 31 and one support column 32.

On the other hand, the second support mechanism 40 capable of realizing a more complicated light distribution variation can be configured by using at least two positioning jigs 31 and struts 32. The second support mechanism 40 is preferably combined with an illumination device array in which a plurality of illumination devices are arranged.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a configuration example of the illumination device array 50. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the configuration of the second support mechanism 40.

As shown in FIG. 10, the illumination device array 50 includes a support portion 51 having a support surface on which a plurality of sets including the light source 2 and the reflection portion 3 are arranged in an array. As described above, each reflecting portion 3 rotates along the support surface and can change the main irradiation direction.

As shown in FIG. 11, the second support mechanism 40 is provided with at least two, preferably four, positioning jigs 31 and struts 32 facing each other. Thereby, the height position and the horizontal position can be freely changed individually for each of both ends of the support portion 51 facing the longitudinal direction of the lighting device array 50.

8 and 9 show a state in which the height and horizontal positions of both ends of the support 51 are the same, and the support surface of the support 51 is kept horizontal.

[Embodiment 3]
Still another embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. However, about the same structure as the structure demonstrated in the said embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

FIG. 13 is a side view showing another embodiment of how to attach the illumination device array 50 to the first support mechanism 30 or the second support mechanism 40. As shown in FIG.

As described above with reference to FIG. 7, in the first support mechanism 30 or the second support mechanism 40, a fastener (such as a screw or a screw) is inserted into the hole 31 a formed in the positioning jig 31. The support portion 51 is fixed by inserting a protrusion 31b (shown by 31b) or by fitting a protrusion protruding from the end face of the support portion 51.

In this configuration, as shown in FIG. 13, the illumination device array 50 can be attached to the positioning jig 31 while being inclined obliquely.

When the first support mechanism 30 or the second support mechanism 40 having this mechanism is applied to the lighting device 1 shown in FIG. 1, the normal direction of the support surface of the support portion 4 is indicated by a double arrow C. And can be rotated in a vertical plane. Further, the height position of the lighting device 1 can be freely changed as indicated by a double arrow E.

Therefore, the combination of the attachment mechanism 5 and the first support mechanism 30 or the second support mechanism 40 can further increase the degree of freedom in changing the main irradiation direction.

FIG. 12 shows an arrangement example in which the height position and the horizontal position of both ends of the support portion 51 are made different so that the support surface of the support portion 51 is in a non-horizontal state. As described above, even when a plurality of plants P are arranged along the longitudinal direction of the lighting device array 50 by arranging a plurality of lighting device arrays 50 with the support surface being non-horizontal, each of the plurality of plants P is arranged. The light sources 2 corresponding to can be arranged close to each other.

Moreover, since the height position and horizontal distance of the both ends of the said support surface can be varied suitably, it depends on the optimal irradiation light quantity corresponding to the method of arranging a plurality of plants P or the difference in the types of the plurality of plants P, etc. Light distribution becomes possible.

With the above configuration, an optimal light distribution state can be created for the plant P at any growth stage as shown in FIG.

[Plant cultivation equipment]
In recent years, plant cultivation devices, also called plant factories, are used for temperature control, humidity control, carbon dioxide concentration control, and control of the amount and concentration of culture solution in addition to lighting control. Various mechanisms are provided.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a plant cultivation apparatus in which the arrangement of lighting devices is mainly drawn among the various mechanisms.

The plant cultivation device 60 includes the illumination device array 50 disposed close to the plant P, and a ceiling light source 61 that emits light from above the plant P.

It has already been described that the lighting device array 50 can freely change the horizontal position and the height position with respect to the plant P by using a plurality of support columns 32 and a plurality of positioning jigs 31 (see FIG. 7). It is as follows.

The ceiling light source 61 is constituted by a fluorescent lamp or an LED lighting device. The ceiling light source 61 may be a fixed illumination device in which the direction of light irradiation is fixed. Instead of the ceiling light source 61, the horizontal position and the height position can be freely changed as shown in FIGS. A possible lighting device array 50 of the present invention may be arranged.

When the lighting device array 50 is disposed instead of the ceiling light source 61, the lighting device array 50 can be brought close to the plant P without causing leaf burn as described above. Accordingly, the plant P can be irradiated with light with little waste, so that an effect of reducing power consumption can be obtained.

In the plant cultivation device 60 of the present invention, the plant P can be irradiated with light from various directions. For example, as shown in FIG. Can only irradiate fruits with blue light. That is, the light irradiation excellent in the selectivity which combined arbitrarily both the irradiation site | part of the plant P and the wavelength range of irradiation light is attained. For example, the illumination device 1 or the illumination device array 50 supported by the first support unit 4a emits red light from above, and the illumination device 1 or the illumination device array 50 supported by the second support unit 4b What is necessary is just to irradiate blue light from the downward direction.

(Supplement)
The attachment mechanism in the lighting device of the present invention is characterized by having a configuration common to the reflection part and another reflection part having a different reflection angle of light with respect to the plant.

According to said structure, the said reflection part can be replaced | exchanged for the other reflection part from which the reflection angle of the light with respect to the said plant differs. Thereby, the said main irradiation direction can be changed more easily according to the positional relationship of a plant and a light source, or according to the growth of a plant.

The attachment mechanism in the illumination device of the present invention is characterized in that the reflector is configured to be movable with a three-dimensional degree of freedom relative to the support.

Thereby, the main irradiation direction can be changed more easily according to the positional relationship between the plant and the light source or according to the growth of the plant.

In the lighting device of the present invention, the support unit is fixed by changing at least one of the position of the support unit in the vertical direction corresponding to the height direction of the plant and the horizontal distance between the plant and the light source. 1 support mechanism is provided.

According to the above configuration, an optimal light distribution can be selected by appropriately changing at least one of the height position of the light source and the horizontal distance between the plant and the light source in accordance with the growth of the plant.

Further, it is possible to fix a plurality of support portions having different height positions and / or horizontal distances using the first support mechanism. Thereby, the light distribution by the optimal irradiation light quantity according to the growth of the plant can be adjusted more easily.

The support unit in the lighting device of the present invention has a support surface on which a plurality of sets including one set of the light source and the reflection unit are arranged in an array, and faces the direction in which the plurality of sets are arranged in an array. For each of both end portions of the support surface, a position in the vertical direction corresponding to the height direction of the plant and a horizontal distance between the plant and the light source are individually changed to fix the support portion. 2 support mechanisms are provided.

Thereby, even when a plurality of plants are arranged along the direction in which the plurality of sets are arranged in an array, light sources corresponding to each of the plurality of plants can be arranged close to each other.

In addition, since the height position and horizontal distance of both ends of the support surface can be appropriately changed, the light distribution by the optimum irradiation light quantity corresponding to the arrangement of a plurality of plants or the difference in the types of the plurality of plants, etc. Is possible.

The second support mechanism in the lighting device of the present invention is characterized in that the support portion can be attached so that the normal direction of the support surface can be changed.

Thus, the main irradiation direction can be changed by moving the reflecting portion with respect to the support portion, and the main irradiation direction can be changed by changing the normal direction of the support surface. As a result, since the degree of freedom for changing the main irradiation direction can be further increased, it becomes easier to adjust the light distribution to the plant.

In the lighting device of the present invention, the support portion is formed of a heat conductive good conductor.

As a result, when the heat of the light source is conducted to the support part, or when the heat of the reflection part that is directly heated by receiving the radiant heat or infrared light of the light source is conducted to the support part, the heat dissipation effect by the support part Can be obtained. As a result, leaf scorch due to heat from the light source can be further suppressed.

The reflection unit in the illumination device of the present invention is configured to transmit a part of the light emitted from the light source.

Thus, not only the light is supplied to the plant by the reflected light, but also, for example, another plant can be gently irradiated by the light transmitted through the reflecting portion. Therefore, light distribution with suppressed leaf burning is further facilitated for a plurality of plants arranged.

In addition, the said reflection part may be provided with diffusibility in addition to the transparency. In this case, the irradiation range by the transmitted light can be expanded.

The plant cultivation apparatus of the present invention includes any one of the above lighting devices.

Thereby, since the plant cultivation apparatus of this invention can irradiate light to a plant by the light distribution according to the growth of a plant, without raise | generating a leaf of a plant, it can grow a plant favorably .

Moreover, in the plant cultivation apparatus provided with the illumination device of the present invention that can change the main irradiation direction in various ways, by appropriately selecting the wavelength band of the light source, for example, from above, only the leaves are irradiated with red light, From the lower side, it is possible to perform selective light irradiation by arbitrarily combining both the irradiation site and the wavelength band of the irradiation light, such as irradiating only the fruit with blue light.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope shown in the claims, and embodiments obtained by appropriately combining technical means disclosed in different embodiments, respectively. Is also included in the technical scope of the present invention.

The present invention can be applied to a plant factory or a plant cultivation apparatus for cultivating plants such as vegetables indoors, and particularly applicable to an artificial light source for plant cultivation.

DESCRIPTION OF

SYMBOLS

1,10,20

Illuminating device

2,22

Light source

3,13,23

Reflection part

4,24,51 Support part 4a 1st support part 4b

2nd support part

5,25 Attachment mechanism 30 1st support mechanism 40 1st 2 support mechanism 50 lighting device array 60 plant cultivation device L light La transmitted light P plant

Claims

An illumination device that irradiates light to a plant,
A light source;
Reflecting the light emitted from the light source toward the plant, thereby generating a main irradiation direction for the plant; and
A support part for supporting the light source and the reflection part,
The illuminating device characterized in that an attachment mechanism between the reflection part and the support part is configured to change the main irradiation direction by moving the reflection part with respect to the support part.
The illuminating device according to claim 1, wherein the attachment mechanism includes a configuration common to the reflection part and another reflection part having a different reflection angle of light with respect to the plant.
The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the attachment mechanism is configured to be able to move the reflecting portion with a three-dimensional degree of freedom relative to the support portion.
A first support mechanism for fixing the support unit by changing at least one of a position of the support unit in a vertical direction corresponding to a height direction of the plant and a horizontal distance between the plant and the light source; The lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein
The support part has a support surface that arranges a plurality of sets including one set of the light source and the reflection part in an array,
At least both of the vertical position corresponding to the height direction of the plant and the horizontal distance between the plant and the light source for each of both ends of the support surface facing the direction in which the plurality of sets are arranged in an array 4. The lighting device according to claim 1, further comprising a second support mechanism that individually changes one of the support portions and fixes the support portion. 5.
The lighting device according to claim 5, wherein the second support mechanism includes a configuration to which the support portion can be attached so that a normal direction of the support surface can be changed.
The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the support portion is formed of a heat conductive good conductor.
The lighting device according to claim 1, wherein the reflection unit is configured to transmit a part of light emitted from the light source.
At least a first support part as the support part and a second support part different from the first support part are supported by the second support mechanism,
The lighting device according to claim 5, wherein the light sources respectively disposed on the first support part and the second support part emit light having different wavelengths.
A plant cultivation device comprising the lighting device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.