WO2012107104A1 - Système de captage solaire - Google Patents

Système de captage solaire Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2012107104A1
WO2012107104A1 PCT/EP2011/052055 EP2011052055W WO2012107104A1 WO 2012107104 A1 WO2012107104 A1 WO 2012107104A1 EP 2011052055 W EP2011052055 W EP 2011052055W WO 2012107104 A1 WO2012107104 A1 WO 2012107104A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
collection system
solar
solar collection
enclosure
prisms
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/052055
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Gabriel Cohen
Original Assignee
Siemens Concentrated Solar Power Ltd.
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Concentrated Solar Power Ltd., Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Concentrated Solar Power Ltd.
Priority to PCT/EP2011/052055 priority Critical patent/WO2012107104A1/fr
Publication of WO2012107104A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012107104A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/10—Prisms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
    • F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
    • F24S10/45—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors the enclosure being cylindrical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/74—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/42—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
    • F24S30/425—Horizontal axis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking

Definitions

  • This invention relates to solar thermal power plants, and in particular, to solar collection system designed for use with such plants to collect solar energy therefor.
  • One such source of energy is solar energy, and one way of utilizing solar energy is with a solar thermal power plant.
  • solar power plant utilizes a "radiation
  • a reflector which is typically parabolic, receives and reflects (focuses) incoming solar radiation onto a radiation absorber, which is formed as a tube.
  • the tube radiation absorber is
  • the collector system further includes means to track the sun.
  • the space between the tube radiation absorber and the glass enclosure tube is evacuated to very low pressure.
  • the tube radiation absorber is made of metal with a coating having a high solar radiation absorption coefficient to maximize the energy transfer imparted by the solar radiation reflecting off the reflector.
  • a heat transfer fluid constituting a heat transport medium which is typically a liquid such as oil, flows within the tube radiation absorber.
  • the thermal energy transported by the thermal fluid is then is used to power a steam-electric power plant to drive one or more turbines thereof, in order to generate electricity in a conventional way, e.g., by coupling the axle of each of the turbines to an electric generator.
  • the solar collection system being designed to facilitate capture of thermal energy of incident solar radiation by a heat transfer fluid (HTF) flowing therethrough and comprising:
  • HCE heat collecting element
  • the light rectifying arrangement may comprise a plurality of annular prisms, each of the prisms being configured to refract incident solar radiation, thereby increasing its elevation angle.
  • the light rectifying arrangement may comprise a plurality of semi-annular prisms, each of the prisms being configured to refract incident solar radiation, thereby increasing its elevation angle.
  • the prisms may be provided on a concentrator-facing side of the enclosure.
  • Each of the prisms may have a cross-section shaped as a triangle and be arranged with an entrance aperture thereof generally facing the incident solar radiation, and an exit aperture generally facing the concentrator.
  • Each of the prisms may be associated with a critical range, wherein incident light impinging on the entrance aperture within the critical range is totally internally reflected within the prism by the exit aperture, the prisms being oriented such that direct solar radiation impinges outside the critical range.
  • Surfaces of the light rectifying arrangement may be provided with an anti-reflective coating.
  • At least a portion of the light rectifying arrangement may be provided on an outer surface of the enclosure.
  • At least a portion of the light rectifying arrangement may be provided on an inner surface of the enclosure.
  • the light rectifying arrangement may be formed integrally with the enclosure.
  • the concentrator may extend horizontally.
  • the concentrator may be configured to track the sun along a single tracking axis by pivoting about a pivot axis
  • the transparent enclosure of the HCE may be made of glass.
  • the tube and transparent enclosure of the HCE may be arranged as concentrically cylinders.
  • the space between the tube and enclosure of the HCE may be evacuated .
  • the HTF may be selected from the group consisting of thermal oil, steam/water, molten salts, carbon dioxide, and helium.
  • the concentrator may comprise a reflecting surface having a parabolic cross-section.
  • a solar thermal power plant comprising a thermal-electric power plant and a solar
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a solar thermal power plant according to the present disclosure
  • Fig. 2 is schematic perspective view of a solar collector of the solar thermal power plant illustrated in Fig. 1 ;
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a heat collecting element of the solar collector illustrated in Fig. 2 ;
  • Fig. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the heat
  • Fig. 5 is a graph illustrating incident angle losses at
  • Figs. 6A through 6C are cross-sectional views of enclosures of the heat collecting element taken along line IV-IV in Fig. 3, illustrating light rectifying arrangements according to examples of the presently disclosed subject matter;
  • Fig. 7 shows an example of incident solar radiation having a high elevation angle passing through a light rectifier of the solar collector illustrated in Fig. 2.
  • a solar thermal power plant which is generally indicated at 10.
  • the plant 10 comprises a solar collection system 12 and a steam-electric power plant 14.
  • the plant further comprises a heating circuit 16.
  • the solar collection system 12 is configured to utilize impinging solar radiation to heat a heat transfer fluid
  • HTF heated HTF
  • the heated HTF is carried, via the heating circuit 16, to the steam-electric power plant 14, wherein the heated HTF is utilized create steam to drive a turbine thereof, thereby produce electricity.
  • Such systems are known in the art, and are provided, inter alia, by Siemens Concentrated Solar
  • the solar collection system 12 comprises one or more solar collectors 18 (only one of which is schematically illustrated in Fig. 1) each comprising an HCE 20 (which constitutes a portion of the heating circuit 16) and one or more
  • the HCEs 20 carry the HTF, which may be a thermal fluid such as oil (phenyls) which are commercially available, such as under the trade name Therminol® VP-1.
  • the HTF may be one of steam/water, molten salts, carbon dioxide, and helium.
  • the thermal fluid according to any of the
  • the concentrators 22 each have a parabolic cross-section, i.e., being parabolic in a cross- section which is perpendicular to the direction in which the concentrator extends, defining an entrance area 24 between ends 26 thereof.
  • the inner, (HCE-facing) surface 22a of each concentrator is highly reflective, and may be formed or provided with mirrors for this purpose. It is codisposed with the HCE 20 such that the HCE is located at and extends along its focal line. Solar radiation entering the concentrator 22 perpendicularly thereto is reflected toward the HCE 20.
  • tracking means (not illustrated) are provided, configured to pivot the
  • the concentrators are considered to track the sun along a tracking axis T which is perpendicular to the HCE/focal line of the concentrator.
  • the HCE 20 comprises a transparent enclosure 28, which may be made of, e.g., glass, surrounding a tube 30 carrying the HTF. It is these tubes in which the HTF is heated as it flows through the HCE 20.
  • the enclosure 28 and tube 30 may be formed as concentrically arranged cylinders. The space between the enclosure 28 and the tube 30 is evacuated, thus thermally insulating the tube from the surrounding atmosphere.
  • the tube may be provided with one or more coatings designed to increase the absorption or solar radiation and limit the amount of heat radiated thereby.
  • reflected radiation is not recovered, and results in less energy of the incident solar radiation being used to generate useful energy (i.e., by heating the HTF to a lower
  • the amount of radiation which is reflected is associated with the angle of incidence of the radiation with the enclosure.
  • the amount of losses associated with the mirrored inner surface 22a increases as well with a greater angle of deviation from a 90° angle of incidence from the cross-section thereof.
  • incidence angle losses Both of these losses (referred to as incidence angle losses) can together be quantified as the incidence angle modifier (IAM) , which depends on physical properties of the incident angle modifier (IAM) , which depends on physical properties of the incident angle modifier (IAM) , which depends on physical properties of the incident angle modifier (IAM) , which depends on physical properties of the incident angle modifier (IAM) , which depends on physical properties of the incident angle modifier (IAM) , which depends on physical properties of the incident angle modifier (IAM) , which depends on physical properties of the incidence angle modifier (IAM)
  • the solar collectors 18 may be provided with means designed to increase the elevation angle (i.e., decrease the incident angle) of impinging solar radiation.
  • an inner surface 30a of the enclosure 28 thereof may be formed with a plurality of longitudinally arranged inner annular prisms 32a, constituting a light rectifying arrangement.
  • the plurality of longitudinally arranged outer annular prisms 32b may be formed with a plurality of longitudinally arranged outer annular prisms 32b,
  • a constituting the light rectifying arrangement may be formed on an outer surface 30b of the enclosure 28.
  • inner and outer surfaces 30a, 30b are formed, respectively, with
  • inner and outer annular prisms 32a, 32b when referred to collectively, the inner and outer annular prisms are indicated by reference numeral 32), which together constitute the light rectifying arrangement.
  • annular prism refers to a first prism
  • prismatic member which has the shape of a geometric figure, such as a triangle, which is rotated about an axis external thereto (i.e., a toroid) .
  • annular prisms 32 in Figs. 6A through 6C are separated from each other and/or from the enclosure 28 by dotted lines, typically these components are formed integrally, i.e., as a single, monolithic element, with no optical boundaries therebetween. Thus, the annular prisms 32 are not necessarily provided as standalone
  • the enclosure 28 of the HCE 20 may therefore be made of the same material as the enclosure 28, such as glass or PMMA.
  • the annular prisms 32 each comprise an entrance aperture 34 for receiving incident solar radiation, and an exit aperture 36, via which the solar radiation leaves the prism and continues on toward the concentrator 22. It will be appreciated that
  • annular prisms 32 are formed integrally with the enclosure 28 as described above ( 1 ⁇ ⁇ ⁇ cL S a single, monolithic element therewith) , entrance apertures 34 of the outer prisms 32b and exit apertures 36 of the inner prisms 32a are coincident with the enclosure 28 of the
  • the cross-section of the prisms 32 may be any suitable shape, such as a triangle, which may be a right triangle (isosceles or scalene) , or a non-right triangle (isosceles, scalene, or equilateral) , and be oriented such that any suitable side thereof constitutes the entrance aperture 34 and any other suitable side thereof constitutes the exit aperture 36.
  • a triangle which may be a right triangle (isosceles or scalene)
  • a non-right triangle isosceles, scalene, or equilateral
  • incident solar radiation (indicated at A) impinging on the annular prisms 32 at an elevation angle ⁇ ⁇ , passes through the enclosure 28 and leaves it at an increased elevation angle ⁇ ⁇ . It will be appreciated that such an increase in the elevation angle will decrease the incidence angle losses.
  • the light rectifying arrangement may comprise semi-annular prisms, which are similar to the annular prisms 32 described above, but which only extend around a portion of the enclosure 28, i.e., they have the shape of a geometric figure, such as a triangle, which is partially rotated about an axis external thereto (i.e., a toroid) .
  • the semi-annular prism be provided on a concentrator-facing side of the enclosure 28. As illustrated in Fig.
  • a light rectifying arrangement which refracts impinging solar radiation impinging during the winter months so as to bring its orientation closer to the vertical and thus decrease the incidence angle losses at this time (thereby leading to an increase in the amount of solar radiation flux impinging upon the tube 30 of the HCE 20) may "over-refract" solar radiation during the summer months, i.e., refract it such that it leaves the light rectifier (and thus impinges on the tube) with an elevation angle ⁇ ⁇ which is smaller than that of the un-refracted solar radiation, albeit angled away from the direction from which the solar radiation impinges.
  • the phenomenon described above with reference to Fig. 7 may be addressed by the designer considering and designing to decrease the overall incidence angle losses over the course of the year.
  • the HTF which is heated within the HCEs 20 as described above is flows to the steam electric power plant 14. It is used therein, for example within one or more heat exchangers 38, to heat a working fluid which drives one or more turbines 40 driving a generator 42 to create

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un système de captage solaire configuré pour être utilisé avec une centrale thermique solaire. Le système de captage solaire est conçu pour faciliter le captage d'énergie thermique de rayonnement solaire incident par un fluide de transfert de chaleur (HTF) s'écoulant à travers celui-ci et comprend un concentrateur s'étendant longitudinalement conçu pour réfléchir au moins une partie du rayonnement solaire incident vers une ligne de concentration de celui-ci, un élément de collecte de chaleur (HCE) coïncidant avec la ligne de concentration et comprenant un tube portant le HTF, et une enceinte transparente entourant le tube. L'enceinte comprend un agencement de rectification de lumière configuré pour augmenter l'angle d'élévation du rayonnement solaire incident le traversant.
PCT/EP2011/052055 2011-02-11 2011-02-11 Système de captage solaire WO2012107104A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2011/052055 WO2012107104A1 (fr) 2011-02-11 2011-02-11 Système de captage solaire

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2011/052055 WO2012107104A1 (fr) 2011-02-11 2011-02-11 Système de captage solaire

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012107104A1 true WO2012107104A1 (fr) 2012-08-16

Family

ID=44625198

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2011/052055 WO2012107104A1 (fr) 2011-02-11 2011-02-11 Système de captage solaire

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2012107104A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2509795A (en) * 2013-01-09 2014-07-16 Deju Denton St Leo Nation A solar heat collecting arrangement which includes at least one thermal battery within a tube heated by solar radiation
US10012356B1 (en) 2017-11-22 2018-07-03 LightLouver LLC Light-redirecting optical daylighting system

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1989999A (en) * 1933-06-07 1935-02-05 Niederle Max Solar water heater
US4672949A (en) * 1985-02-13 1987-06-16 Entech, Inc. Solar energy collector having an improved thermal receiver
DE4006516A1 (de) * 1990-03-02 1991-09-05 Laing Nikolaus Linearkonzentrator mit strahlungsumlenkung
DE20000727U1 (de) * 2000-01-18 2000-03-23 Roediger Detlef Solarkollektor
WO2006027188A1 (fr) * 2004-09-09 2006-03-16 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Capteur solaire dote d'un revetement translucide

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1989999A (en) * 1933-06-07 1935-02-05 Niederle Max Solar water heater
US4672949A (en) * 1985-02-13 1987-06-16 Entech, Inc. Solar energy collector having an improved thermal receiver
DE4006516A1 (de) * 1990-03-02 1991-09-05 Laing Nikolaus Linearkonzentrator mit strahlungsumlenkung
DE20000727U1 (de) * 2000-01-18 2000-03-23 Roediger Detlef Solarkollektor
WO2006027188A1 (fr) * 2004-09-09 2006-03-16 Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. Capteur solaire dote d'un revetement translucide

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2509795A (en) * 2013-01-09 2014-07-16 Deju Denton St Leo Nation A solar heat collecting arrangement which includes at least one thermal battery within a tube heated by solar radiation
GB2509795B (en) * 2013-01-09 2016-08-03 Denton St Leo Nation Deju Energy storage heat collecting element
US10012356B1 (en) 2017-11-22 2018-07-03 LightLouver LLC Light-redirecting optical daylighting system
US10119667B1 (en) 2017-11-22 2018-11-06 LightLouver LLC Light-redirecting optical daylighting system

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
El Gharbi et al. A comparative study between parabolic trough collector and linear Fresnel reflector technologies
US8410351B1 (en) Concentrated photovoltaic and solar heating system
Canavarro et al. New second-stage concentrators (XX SMS) for parabolic primaries; Comparison with conventional parabolic trough concentrators
US6384320B1 (en) Solar compound concentrator of electric power generation system for residential homes
TWI595198B (zh) 用於太陽能系統之基於光纖傳輸系統及其提供和使用之方法
CN101641860A (zh) 利用菲涅耳透镜和非成像次级光学的聚光光伏系统
US9057537B2 (en) Heat collection element support element
CN102313975B (zh) 聚光系统
US20090159115A1 (en) Light Concentrating Modules, Systems and Methods
US11118815B2 (en) Hybrid solar thermal and photovoltaic energy collection
JP5734803B2 (ja) 太陽集光システム及び太陽熱発電システム
US20140326293A1 (en) Methods and apparatus for solar energy concentration and conversion
US20140299121A1 (en) Radiation collection utilizing total internal reflection and other techniques for the purpose of dispatchable electricity generation and other uses
CN204794873U (zh) 高聚光光伏发电热电联产系统及其组元结构
WO2012107104A1 (fr) Système de captage solaire
KR102358978B1 (ko) 집광형 태양전지가 결합된 ptc형 태양열 시스템
JP2003227661A (ja) 光ファイバーソーラーコレクタ
CN110325801B (zh) 太阳能聚光器
CN104917453A (zh) 高聚光光伏发电热电联产系统及其组元结构
WO2011089187A2 (fr) Système de collecte d'énergie solaire
WO2013005479A1 (fr) Système de collecte de lumière solaire et système de génération d'énergie électrique thermique solaire
EP2521885A1 (fr) Système de collecte solaire
JP2003322419A (ja) 住宅用電力発電システムの太陽光複合集束機
US8853522B1 (en) Concentrated photovoltaic and solar heating system
CN219640465U (zh) 带有菲涅尔透镜阵列的太阳能光热利用聚能装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 11704957

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 11704957

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1