WO2012100542A1 - 一种用于飞机内的干燥系统 - Google Patents
一种用于飞机内的干燥系统 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012100542A1 WO2012100542A1 PCT/CN2011/079648 CN2011079648W WO2012100542A1 WO 2012100542 A1 WO2012100542 A1 WO 2012100542A1 CN 2011079648 W CN2011079648 W CN 2011079648W WO 2012100542 A1 WO2012100542 A1 WO 2012100542A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- air
- dehumidification
- inlet end
- aircraft
- exhaust gas
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D13/00—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
- B01D53/265—Drying gases or vapours by refrigeration (condensation)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2259/00—Type of treatment
- B01D2259/45—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications
- B01D2259/4566—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for use in transportation means
- B01D2259/4575—Gas separation or purification devices adapted for specific applications for use in transportation means in aeroplanes or space ships
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D13/00—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft
- B64D13/06—Arrangements or adaptations of air-treatment apparatus for aircraft crew or passengers, or freight space, or structural parts of the aircraft the air being conditioned
- B64D2013/0603—Environmental Control Systems
- B64D2013/0662—Environmental Control Systems with humidity control
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T50/00—Aeronautics or air transport
- Y02T50/50—On board measures aiming to increase energy efficiency
Definitions
- the invention relates to a drying system for use in an aircraft. More specifically, the present invention relates to a drying system for use in an aircraft that reduces energy consumption. Background technique
- each passenger exhales approximately 100 grams of water vapor per hour, and these water vapors rapidly cool down to form condensate after encountering the cold mechanism of the aircraft. Therefore, the amount of condensate formed during long-term flight is Very amazing.
- the condensed water will be absorbed by the heat insulation layer and other equipment in the fuselage, which will increase the weight of the aircraft by more than half a ton (the amount of condensate is mainly related to the number of passengers, the mode of operation of the aircraft, and the regional climate), and the increased weight will lead to Higher fuel consumption and negative impact on the environment.
- the present invention proposes a new drying system based on the existing equipment of the aircraft.
- the electronic equipment on the aircraft needs cooling air to cool it to keep it running normally, and air cooling heats the electronic equipment to generate waste heat.
- these waste heat-exhausted air is directly discharged from the aircraft.
- the waste heat is generated by the heat exchanger to the refrigeration unit
- the fresh air is heated to reduce the relative humidity of the fresh air. Since the existing refrigeration component device itself has a water removal function, the humidity of the fresh air at the outlet of the refrigeration component is already low, and after heating by the heat exchanger, the humidity is lower, the drying ability is enhanced, and the drying capacity is improved. The utilization of energy on the aircraft.
- the present invention discloses a drying system for use in an aircraft that includes: a refrigeration assembly, a heat exchanger, a distribution line, and a control assembly.
- the refrigeration assembly has a first dehumidification air inlet end and a first dehumidification air discharge end, and the refrigerating assembly is configured to perform fresh air entering from the first dehumidified air inlet end for the first time Dehumidifying to reduce its absolute humidity; a heat exchanger having an exhaust gas inlet end, an exhaust gas discharge end, a second dehumidification air inlet end, and a second dehumidification air discharge end, the exhaust gas inlet end being in communication with the electronic equipment compartment
- the exhaust gas discharge end communicates with an exterior of the aircraft, and the second dehumidified air inlet end is in communication with the first dehumidified air discharge end, the heat exchanger is configured to enter from the exhaust gas inlet end and The hot exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas discharge end and the fresh air discharged from the second dehumid
- control assembly is for controlling the flow of exhaust gas to the exhaust gas inlet end of the heat exchanger.
- control component is for controlling the flow rate of the dry air.
- a flow control port is provided at any of the locations of the exhaust gas inlet end, and the control assembly effects flow control of the dry air via the flow control valve.
- the distribution line is arranged in a side region and/or a top region of the aircraft.
- the aircraft has a nacelle, and an exhaust valve is disposed at the bottom of the nacelle for The dry air delivered into the fuselage interlayer is discharged.
- the invention can achieve the following beneficial technical effects: reducing or eliminating the accumulation of condensed water or ice in the adiabatic sound insulation layer of the aircraft; utilizing the waste heat in the exhaust of the electronic equipment, improving the energy utilization rate of the aircraft, enhancing the aircraft Economical; reduce airframe corrosion, reduce aircraft electrical failure and short circuit, improve aircraft safety; enhance the thermal insulation of aircraft interlayers, reduce aircraft air conditioning system thermal load, reduce aircraft energy consumption, improve aircraft economy and comfort .
- Figure 1 is a schematic view of a drying system of the present invention
- Figure 2 is a schematic view of the interlayer gap of the aircraft fuselage. detailed description
- a schematic view of a drying system of the present invention wherein the drying system 10 is comprised of a refrigeration unit 1, a heat exchanger 2, a distribution line 3, and a control assembly 4.
- the refrigeration unit 1 has a first dehumidified air inlet end 1 1 and a first dehumidified air discharge end 12 for performing fresh air entering from the first dehumidified air inlet end 1 1 . Dehumidify once to reduce its absolute humidity.
- the heat exchanger 2 has an exhaust gas inlet end 21, an exhaust gas discharge end 22, a second dehumidified air inlet end 23, and a second dehumidified air discharge end 24.
- the exhaust gas inlet end 21 is in communication with the electronic equipment compartment 5, the exhaust gas discharge end 22 is in communication with the outside of the aircraft, and the second dehumidified air inlet end 23 and the first dehumidified air of the refrigeration unit 1 are exhausted.
- the end 12 is in communication, and the second dehumidified air discharge end 24 is in communication with the distribution line 3.
- the distribution line 3 has an end 31 that receives the dry air discharged from the second dehumidified air discharge end 24, and delivers the dry air to the other end 32 in the fuselage interlayer, the other end 32 being near
- the fuselage interlayer of the aircraft is arranged to distribute the dry gas to a predetermined location and to create an air flow within the aircraft fuselage interlayer.
- the control unit 4 is configured to control the refrigeration unit 1 and the heat exchanger 2 according to different operating conditions, and preferably, at least one of controlling the flow rate of the dry air and the efficiency of the heat exchanger 2 More preferably, the flow rate of the dry air and the efficiency of the heat exchanger 2 can be controlled at the same time. More specifically, the control component 4 is a microcontroller (SCM) or a central processing unit (CPU) or a programmable logic controller (PLC), etc., which can implement data calculation and processing capabilities, which can be via a flow control valve.
- SCM microcontroller
- CPU central processing unit
- PLC programmable logic controller
- the flow rate of the dry air is controlled to meet the working needs, and the flow rate of the exhaust gas entering through the exhaust gas inlet end 21 of the heat exchanger 2 and discharged from the exhaust gas discharge end 22 can be controlled to control the efficiency of the heat exchanger 2, and the control unit can also be controlled.
- the power of the refrigeration unit 1 and the heat exchanger 2 is such that the parameters such as the temperature and humidity of the finally flowing dry air are adjusted.
- a position between the dehumidified air entering end 23 i.e., a position between the refrigerating unit 1 and the heat exchanger 2
- the exhaust gas entering end 21 i.e., a position between the heat exchanger 2 and the electronic equipment compartment 5
- a flow control valve can be set separately or a flow control valve can be provided only at one or several positions.
- the flow control can also be manually operated, preferably automatically controlled by the control unit 4 described above.
- the refrigeration unit 1 in the aircraft has a water removal device therein, so that when the fresh air from the engine enters the refrigeration unit 1 from the first dehumidified air inlet end 1 1 , the water removal device via the refrigeration unit 1
- the absolute humidity of fresh air can be greatly reduced.
- the first dehumidified air discharge end 12 of the refrigeration unit 1 discharges fresh air of lower humidity.
- the heat exchanger 2 is used for relatively cold discharge from the air discharge end 12 of the first dehumidification of the refrigeration assembly 1 and from the second dehumidified air inlet end 23 into the heat exchanger 2.
- the fresh air and the relatively hot exhaust gas discharged from the electronic equipment compartment 5 and entering the heat exchanger 2 from the exhaust gas inlet end 21 are exchanged for heat.
- the air discharge end 24 discharges dry air having a relatively low absolute humidity and relative humidity.
- the dry air is transported by the distribution line 3 to areas of the aircraft that need to be dried, such as the top of the passengers, the side wall of the passenger gun, and the like.
- the exhaust gas after the heat exchange is discharged to the aircraft via the exhaust gas discharge end 22.
- the efficiency of the heat exchanger 2 can be controlled by controlling the flow rate of the exhaust gas from the electronic equipment compartment 5 on the hot side of the heat exchanger 2 to obtain dry air having a different temperature and relative humidity.
- the flow of dry air can be controlled according to the external conditions and the temperature and humidity conditions in the cabin.
- the distribution line 3 can be composed of a lighter quality pipeline and arranged in the top area of the aircraft from front to back, as close as possible to the center of the aircraft to ensure the distribution of working air. Uniformity.
- FIG. 2 The outer structure of the fuselage and the inner side structure of the side wall form a fuselage sandwich structure, as shown in FIG. 2, which generally shows a fuselage composed of the fuselage structure 6, the trim panel 7, and the insulating sound insulation layer 8.
- FIG. 2 generally shows a fuselage composed of the fuselage structure 6, the trim panel 7, and the insulating sound insulation layer 8.
- the humid air enters the top and side wall regions of the passenger cabin through the gap, and flows from the top or side regions to the gap 9, the humid air and the temperature.
- the lower insulating sound insulating layer 8 is in contact with the fuselage structure 6 to form condensed water.
- the dry air having a suitable temperature and humidity is uniformly sent to the top or side of the passenger cabin through the distribution line 3, since the exhaust valve is usually disposed on the aircraft, the dry air follows the interior trim panel 7 A gap 9 between the insulating insulation layer 8 flows into the triangular zone, and except for a portion of the dry air entering the recirculation zone for recirculation, the remaining dry air is eventually discharged out of the cabin through the exhaust valve at the bottom of the nacelle.
- the high temperature, low humidity dry air forms a layer of "insulation layer" in the gap of the fuselage interlayer to protect the airflow from the lower temperature fuselage outer structure and the higher temperature side wall inner structure.
- the wet air is prevented from directly contacting the outer structure of the fuselage (such as skin, long raft, etc.), thereby effectively preventing the temperature of the humid air from dropping to generate condensed water.
- the distribution line 3 can also be arranged on both sides of the passenger cabin of the aircraft. More preferably, the distribution line 3 can also be simultaneously Arranged on both sides of the aircraft and the top area of the guest.
- the principle of the invention is as follows: the high temperature of the electronic equipment compartment is used to heat the fresh air from the refrigeration component, reduce the relative humidity of the fresh air from the refrigeration component, and make the part of the fresh air drier to obtain dry air, and then This part of the dry air is passed into the gap of the lower temperature fuselage interlayer to prevent the formation of condensed water.
- the refrigeration component of the aircraft itself has a water removal function, and the present invention utilizes this function of the refrigeration component without requiring a special dehumidification device.
- waste heat from the exhaust of the electronics compartment is utilized to heat fresh air from the refrigeration unit. In this way, not only the dry air is obtained, but also the energy utilization rate is improved.
- the higher temperature of the dry air enters the aircraft interlayer, which can improve the thermal insulation performance of the aircraft interlayer and reduce the thermal load of the aircraft air conditioning system.
- the present invention can achieve the following technical effects: keeping the aircraft cabin dry, reducing the weight of the aircraft, extending the life of the insulation material, reducing aircraft failure and reducing aircraft maintenance work. At the same time, the high-temperature exhaust gas generated by the cooling electronic device is also effectively utilized.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Central Air Conditioning (AREA)
- Drying Of Gases (AREA)
Description
一种用于飞机内的千燥系统 技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于飞机内的干燥系统。 更具体地说, 本发明 涉及一种减少能耗的用于飞机内的干燥系统。 背景技术
飞机在飞行过程中, 每位乘客每小时大约呼出 100 克的水汽, 而这些水汽遇到飞机的冷机构后会迅速冷却而形成冷凝水 , 因此, 在长期的飞行中所形成的冷凝水数量是非常惊人的。 结果, 冷凝水 被机身内的绝热层和其它设备吸收后, 将使飞机的重量增加半吨以 上 (冷凝水量主要与乘客数量、 飞机运行方式、 地域气候有关) , 而增加的重量又将导致较高的燃油消耗, 并对环境造成消极影响。 更糟糕的是, 大量的冷凝水会导致绝热层损坏进而腐蚀机身结构和 损坏电气设备最终使飞机的使用寿命降低。 此外, 液态水滴流入客 舱或驾驶舱, 也是乘客和机组人员所不希望的。
显然地, 要么控制冷凝水的产生, 要么将形成的冷凝水进行处 理是解决上述技术问题的方法。 在现有技术中, 有的飞机通过加装 干燥系统来控制冷凝水的产生, 但大都是专门的干燥系统, 对舱内 空气进行除湿加温处理, 这就会导致飞机设备重量的增加, 同时会 加大飞机的耗电量, 从而导致飞机能耗的增加, 即这种除湿方式是 建立在使飞机能耗增加的基础上。 发明内容
为了在尽可能地减少飞机能耗, 本发明在充分利用飞机现有设 备的基础上提出的一种新的千燥系统。 飞机上的电子设备需要冷却 空气进行冷却以保持其正常运行, 而空气冷却电子设备后就会升温 产生废热, 现有技术中, 基本上, 均将这些具有废热的空气直接排 出飞机。 然而, 在本发明中, 这些废热通过热交换器对制冷组件生
成的新鲜空气进行加热, 从而降低新鲜空气的相对湿度。 由于现有 的制冷组件设备本身就具有除水功能, 制冷组件出口的新鲜空气的 湿度已经很低, 再经过热交换器的加热升温后, 湿度就会更低, 干 燥能力得到增强, 同时提高了飞机上能源的利用率。
具体地, 本发明公开了一种用于飞机内的干燥系统, 其包括: 制冷组件、 热交换器、 分配管路和控制组件。 其中, 制冷组件, 具 有第一次除湿的空气进入端和第一次除湿的空气排出端, 所述制冷 组件用于对从所述第一次除湿的空气进入端进入的新鲜空气进行第 一次除湿从而降低其绝对湿度; 热交换器, 具有废气进入端、 废气 排出端、 第二次除湿的空气进入端和第二次除湿的空气排出端, 所 述废气进入端与电子设备舱连通, 所述废气排出端连通飞机的外部, 所述第二次除湿的空气进入端与所述第一次除湿的空气排出端连 通, 所述热交换器用于将从所述废气进入端进入并由所述废气排出 端排出的热的废气和从所述第二次除湿的空气进入端进入并由所述 第二次除湿的空气排出端排出的新鲜空气进行热交换从而进行第二 次除湿以降低其相对湿度得到千燥空气; 分配管路, 用于将所述第 二次除湿的空气排出端所排出的干燥空气输送到机身夹层内; 控制 组件, 用于根据不同的工况至少控制所述千燥空气的流量和所述热 交换器的效率的其中之一者。
优选地, 所述控制组件用于控制所述热交换器的废气进入端的 废气流量。
优选地, 所述控制组件用于控制所述干燥空气的流量。
更优选地, 在所述第一次除湿的空气进入端的位置、 所述分配 管路上的位置、 所述第一次除湿的空气排出端和所述第二次除湿的 空气进入端之间的位置和所述废气进入端的位置中的任一处设有流 量控制阃, 所述控制组件经由所述流量控制阀实现对所述千燥空气 的流量控制。
具体地, 所述分配管路布置在飞机的侧部区域和 /或顶部区域。 具体地, 所述飞机具有舱底部, 排气阀设于所述舱底部, 用于
将输送到机身夹层内的干燥空气排出。
通过所述的干燥系统, 本发明可以达到以下有益的技术效果: 减少或消除飞机绝热隔声层内冷凝水或冰的聚积; 利用电子设备排 气中的废热, 提高飞机能源利用率, 增强飞机经济性; 减少机身腐 蚀, 降低飞机的电气故障和短路现象, 提高飞机安全性; 增强飞机 夹层的绝热保温作用, 降低飞机空调系统热载荷, 降低飞机能耗, 提高飞机的经济性和舒适性。 附图说明
图 1是本发明的干燥系统的示意图;
图 2是飞机机身夹层间隙示意图。 具体实施方式
如图 1 所示, 其示出了本发明的干燥系统的示意图, 其中, 所 述干燥系统 10由制冷组件 1、 热交换器 2、 分配管路 3和控制组件 4 组成。 所述制冷组件 1具有第一次除湿的空气进入端 1 1和第一次除 湿的空气排出端 12, 其用于对从所述第一次除湿的空气进入端 1 1 进入的新鲜空气进行第一次除湿从而降低其绝对湿度。 所述热交换 器 2具有废气进入端 21、 废气排出端 22、 第二次除湿的空气进入端 23和第二次除湿的空气排出端 24。 其中, 所述废气进入端 21 与电 子设备舱 5相连通, 所述废气排出端 22与飞机外界相通, 所述第二 次除湿的空气进入端 23与制冷组件 1的第一次除湿的空气排出端 12 相通, 所述第二次除湿的空气排出端 24与分配管路 3连通。 所述分 配管路 3具有接收所述第二次除湿的空气排出端 24排出的干燥空气 的一端 31 , 以及将所述干燥空气输送到机身夹层内的另一端 32 , 所 述另一端 32靠近飞机的机身夹层设置, 所述分配管路 3用于将干燥 气体分配到预定的位置处并在飞机机身夹层内形成气流。 所述控制 组件 4 ,用于根据不同的工况控制制冷组件 1和热交换器 2 ,较优地, 至少控制所述干燥空气的流量和所述热交换器 2 的效率的其中之一
者, 更优地, 可以同时控制干燥空气的流量和热交换器 2 的效率。 更具体地,所述控制组件 4为单片机( SCM )或中央处理单元(CPU ) 或可编程逻辑控制器( P L C )等任何能够实现数据运算和处理能力的 控制器, 其可以经由流量控制阀来控制干燥空气的流量以满足工作 需要, 也可以控制经由热交换器 2的废气进入端 21进入并由废气排 出端 22排出的废气流量以控制所述热交换器 2的效率, 另外也可以 控制所述制冷组件 1 和所述热交换器 2的功率从而达到调节最终流 出的干燥空气的温度和湿度等参数。 优选地, 在所述制冷组件 1 的 第一次除湿的空气进入端 1 1的位置、 所述分配管路 3上的位置、 所 述第一次除湿的空气排出端 12 和所述第二次除湿的空气进入端 23 之间的位置 (即, 制冷组件 1 和热交换器 2之间的位置) 、 所述废 气进入端 21 (即热交换器 2和所述电子设备舱 5之间的位置) 的位 置中, 可以分别设置一个流量控制阀也可以仅在某一个或某几个位 置处设置流量控制阀。 所述流量控制阔也可以是手动操作的, 优选 地是由上述控制组件 4来自动控制。
众所周知, 飞机中的制冷组件 1 内均具有除水装置, 因此, 当 来自发动机的新鲜空气从第一次除湿的空气进入端 1 1进入制冷组件 1 后经由所述制冷组件 1 的除水装置即可大大地降低新鲜空气的绝 对湿度。 这样, 制冷组件 1的第一次除湿的空气排出端 12所排出的 就是湿度较低的新鲜空气。 在本发明中, 所述热交换器 2 用于将从 制冷组件 1的第一次除湿的空气排出端 12所排出并从第二次除湿的 空气进入端 23进入热交换器 2的相对冷的新鲜空气和从电子设备舱 5所排出并从废气进入端 21进入热交换器 2的相对热的废气进行热 量交换。 来自制冷组件 1 的冷的新鲜空气经过热交换器 2后, 由于 换热后温度升高, 从而新鲜空气的相对含湿量就会随之降低, 因此, 从热交换器 2的第二次除湿的空气排出端 24排出的就是绝对湿度和 相对湿度都比较低的干燥空气。 所述干燥空气由分配管路 3 输送到 那些需要干燥的飞机客抢区域如客抢顶部、 客枪侧壁间隙等区域。 同时, 经过热交换后的废气经由废气排出端 22排出飞机。
较优地, 可以通过控制热交换器 2热边的来自电子设备舱 5 的 排气流量来控制热交换器 2 的效率, 得到温度和相对湿度不同的干 燥空气。 同时也可以根据外界条件和舱内温度、 湿度条件的不同, 控制干燥空气的流量。
较优地, 为了减轻飞机的重量, 分配管路 3 可以由质量较轻的 管路组成, 并从前到后地布置在飞机的顶部区域, 其位置尽量靠近 飞机的中央, 以确保工作空气分配的均匀性。
下面, 结合图 2对如何形成保护气流进行说明。
机身外侧结构和侧壁内侧结构形成了机身夹层结构, 如图 2 所 示, 其大体上示出了由机身结构 6、 内饰板 7、 绝热隔声层 8构成的 一种机身夹层结构, 其中, 内饰板 7和绝热隔声层 8之间形成有间 隙 9。
在现有技术中, 乘客和机组人员在客舱中呼出湿空气后, 该湿 空气会通过缝隙进入客舱的顶部区域和侧壁区域, 并从顶部或侧部 区域向间隙 9流动,湿空气与温度较低的绝热隔声层 8和机身结构 6 接触而形成冷凝水。
在本发明中, 通过分配管路 3 将温度和湿度均较为适宜的干燥 空气均匀地送到客舱顶部或侧部区域后, 由于排气阀通常设于飞机 此, 干燥空气顺着内饰板 7与绝热隔声层 8之间的间隙 9流入三角 区, 除一部分干燥空气进入再循环区域参与再循环外, 其余干燥空 气最终通过舱底部的排气阀排出舱外。 温度较高、 湿度较低的千燥 空气在机身夹层的间隙中形成了一层起 "保温层" 作用的保护气流 将温度较低的机身外侧结构和温度较高的侧壁内侧结构隔离开来, 从而, 避免了湿空气直接与机身外侧结构 (如蒙皮、 长桁等) 直接 接触, 因此, 有效地防止湿空气的温度下降而产生冷凝水。 如前所 述, 分配管路 3 布置在飞机的客舱顶部仅为较优的方案, 事实上, 分配管路 3也可以布置在飞机的客舱两侧, 更优地, 分配管路 3还 可以同时布置在飞机的客抢两侧和客抢顶部区域。
本发明的原理如下: 利用电子设备舱排气温度较高的特点加热 来自制冷组件的新鲜空气, 降低来自制冷组件的新鲜空气的相对湿 度, 使该部分新鲜空气更加干燥而得到干燥空气, 再将该部分干燥 空气通入温度较低的机身夹层的间隙内, 防止冷凝水的生成。 在此, 需要说明的是, 在现有技术中, 飞机的制冷组件本身就具有除水功 能, 本发明正是利用了制冷组件的这一功能, 不需要专门的除湿装 置。 同时, 利用了电子设备舱排气中的废热来加热来自制冷组件的 新鲜空气。 这样, 不仅得到了干燥空气, 还提高了能量利用率。 温 度较高的千燥空气进入飞机夹层内, 可以提高飞机夹层的绝热性能, 降低飞机空调系统的热载荷。
本发明可以实现如下技术效果: 保持飞机舱内干燥、 减轻飞机 重量、 延长绝热材料的寿命、 降低飞机故障并减少飞机维护工作。 同时, 也有效地利用了冷却电子设备所产生的高温废气。
本发明的技术内容及技术特点已揭示如上, 然而可以理解, 在 本发明的创作思想下, 本领域的技术人员可以对上述结构作各种变 化和改进, 但都属于本发明的保护范围。 上述实施方式的描述是例 示性的而不是限制性的, 本发明的保护范围由权利要求所确定。
Claims
1.一种用于飞机内的干燥系统, 包括:
制冷组件, 具有第一次除湿的空气进入端和第一次除湿的空气 排出端, 所述制冷组件用于对从所述第一次除湿的空气进入端进入 的新鲜空气进行第一次除湿从而降低其绝对湿度;
热交换器, 具有廈气进入端、 废气排出端、 第二次除湿的空气 进入端和第二次除湿的空气排出端, 所述废气进入端与电子设备舱 连通, 所述废气排出端连通飞机的外部, 所述第二次除湿的空气进 入端与所述第一次除湿的空气排出端连通, 所述热交换器用于将从 所述廈气进入端进入并由所述废气排出端排出的热的废气和从所述 第二次除湿的空气进入端进入并由所述第二次除湿的空气排出端排 出的新鲜空气进行热交换从而进行第二次除湿以降低其相对湿度得 到干燥空气;
分配管路, 用于将所述第二次除湿的空气排出端所排出的干燥 空气输送到机身夹层内, 以及
控制组件, 用于根据不同的工况至少控制所述千燥空气的流量 和所述热交换器的效率的其中之一者。
2.根据权利要求 1所述的干燥系统,所述控制组件用于控制所述 热交换器的废气进入端的废气流量。
3.根据权利要求 1所述的千燥系统, 其中, 所述控制组件用于控 制所述干燥空气的流量。
4.根据权利要求 3所述的干燥系统, 其中, 在所述第一次除湿的 空气进入端的位置、 所述分配管路上的位置、 所述第一次除湿的空 气排出端和所述第二次除湿的空气进入端之间的位置、 所述废气进 入端的位置中的任一处设有流量控制阀。
5.根据权利要求 1所述的干燥系统, 其中, 所述分配管路布置在 飞机的侧部区域和 /或顶部区域。
6.根据权利要求 1所述的干燥系统, 所述飞机具有舱底部, 排气 阀设于所述舱底部, 用于将输送到机身夹层内的干燥空气排出。
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