WO2012098096A2 - Procédé de fonctionnement d'un tableau de distribution d'une installation de distribution électrique - Google Patents

Procédé de fonctionnement d'un tableau de distribution d'une installation de distribution électrique Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012098096A2
WO2012098096A2 PCT/EP2012/050608 EP2012050608W WO2012098096A2 WO 2012098096 A2 WO2012098096 A2 WO 2012098096A2 EP 2012050608 W EP2012050608 W EP 2012050608W WO 2012098096 A2 WO2012098096 A2 WO 2012098096A2
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
switching field
operating variables
simulation model
determined
temperature
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2012/050608
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
WO2012098096A3 (fr
Inventor
Xiaoting DONG
Uwe Kaltenborn
Original Assignee
Schneider Electric Sachsenwerk Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schneider Electric Sachsenwerk Gmbh filed Critical Schneider Electric Sachsenwerk Gmbh
Publication of WO2012098096A2 publication Critical patent/WO2012098096A2/fr
Publication of WO2012098096A3 publication Critical patent/WO2012098096A3/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B3/00—Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture, assembly, or maintenance of boards or switchgear
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B—BOARDS, SUBSTATIONS OR SWITCHING ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE SUPPLY OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02B13/00—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle
    • H02B13/02—Arrangement of switchgear in which switches are enclosed in, or structurally associated with, a casing, e.g. cubicle with metal casing
    • H02B13/035—Gas-insulated switchgear
    • H02B13/065—Means for detecting or reacting to mechanical or electrical defects

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a control panel of an electrical switchgear.
  • electrical components of the electrical switchgear are housed, such as circuit breakers or the like.
  • one or more sensors are assigned to such a switching field, which are used for measuring operating variables of the switching field.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a method for operating a switching field of an electrical switchgear, in which the dynamic thermal behavior of the switching field can be taken into account during operation.
  • the invention solves this problem by a method according to claim 1 and by an electrical switchgear according to claim 9.
  • a simulation model of the thermal behavior of the switching field is determined, and in each case at least two further operating variables are determined by the simulation model for a number of ambient temperatures.
  • at least one basic equation is provided which has at least one time-dependent term and a basic coefficient.
  • the basic coefficient is calculated with the aid of a compensation method (English: data fitting) as a function of the further operating variables determined by the simulation model.
  • a transfer function can be calculated in real time during the operation of the switching field, with which a forward-looking statement can also be made about the dynamic thermal behavior of the switching field. Based on the transfer function resulting from the basic equation, an optionally required influencing of the switching field can then be carried out. In this way, damage to the panel can be avoided.
  • the operating variables determined for the respective ambient temperatures are checked as to whether they are technically meaningful values.
  • a validity range for the simulation model is determined, in which only those determined operating variables are included, which yield technically meaningful values. In this way it is achieved that only technically meaningful values of the determined operating variables are used in the calculation of the basic coefficient.
  • the two further operating variables may be a component temperature of an electrical component of the switching field and a current.
  • the basic coefficient may be a temperature difference, which represents the temperature increase from an initial temperature of the electrical component to the component temperature.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of an embodiment of an electrical switchgear according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic flowchart of a method for operating the switchgear of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 shows an exemplary table for use in the method according to FIG.
  • An electrical switchgear consists of a plurality of panels.
  • the panels are electrically connected to each other via busbars.
  • different electrical components are housed, such as circuit breakers, isolator / earthing switch, fuses, power electronic components and the like.
  • branches from the busbars to electrical consumers are realized via these electrical components.
  • a single panel 10 of a switchgear is shown.
  • the panel 10 has a cabinet-shaped housing which is placed on a horizontal floor.
  • the panel 10 is divided into several housing parts, wherein individual housing parts may be formed as a gas-tight container.
  • the electrical components of the panel 10 are housed in the individual housing parts and containers.
  • a first temperature sensor 12 is assigned to an electrical component of the switching field 10.
  • the first temperature sensor 12 measures a component temperature TB, ie the temperature that has the associated electrical component of the switching field 10 due to their operation.
  • the first temperature sensor 12 can be arranged on a grounded component of the switching field 10, for example on a disconnector / earthing switch.
  • the first temperature sensor 12 may be formed, for example, as a thermocouple.
  • the first temperature sensor 12 may also be attached to a current-carrying component, for example to an electrical conductor.
  • the first temperature sensor 12 may be formed, for example, as an optical sensor element. If the switching field 10 has a gas-tight container in which, for example, a circuit breaker is accommodated, then the first temperature sensor 12 can be mounted, for example, on the surface of the gas container.
  • first temperature sensor 12 can also be arranged on other suitable components of the switching field 10. It is also understood that a plurality of such first temperature sensors 12 may be present, with which a plurality of component temperatures TB can be measured.
  • a second temperature sensor 14 is provided, which is arranged independently of the electrical components of the switching field 10.
  • the second temperature sensor 14 measures an ambient temperature TU, ie the temperature that is present in the vicinity of the electrical components of the switching field 10.
  • the second temperature sensor 14 may be located anywhere in the room or in the building in which the cubicle 10 is installed. However, the second temperature sensor 14 may also - be arranged within the switching field 10 - in deviation from the figure, in this case, independent of an electrical component, so for example on an outer wall of the housing of the panel 10. It is understood that a plurality of second Temperature sensors 14 may be present.
  • the switch panel 10 more sensors for measuring one or more operating variables of the same are assigned.
  • the operating variables to be measured may be, for example, currents and / or voltages or the like.
  • one of the mentioned operating variables is not actually measured, but is otherwise determined, for example with the aid of modeling, from other operating variables.
  • the component temperature TB and the ambient temperature TU are fed to a control unit 16. Likewise, the measured or otherwise determined operating variables are supplied to the control unit 16.
  • the control device 16 may be, for example, an electronic computing device that is programmed according to the following explanations.
  • the control unit 16 can be arranged completely independently of and outside of the switching field 10 within the switching field 10 or, as shown in the figure.
  • FIG. 2 shows a method for operating the electrical switchgear, in particular a method for operating the switchgear panel 10 of FIG. 1.
  • a simulation of the temporal thermal behavior of the switching field 10 is performed.
  • the simulation can be subdivided into sub-steps, for example in such a way that a static consideration of the thermal behavior of the switching field 10 is made first and only then is the temporal or dynamic thermal behavior taken into account.
  • the simulation is performed by a computing device, such as a personal computer. If appropriate, the simulation can be carried out with the aid of the control unit 16.
  • a simulation model of the thermal behavior of the switching field 10 as a function of time on the computing device.
  • a validation of the simulation model present on the computing device is carried out.
  • the operating variables of the switching field 10 may be currents, voltages, temperatures, durations or the like.
  • the determined actual measured values of the operating variables are compared with correspondingly associated values determined by the simulation model. Based on the deviations of the values determined by the simulation model from the actual measured values of the same operating variables, the simulation model can be corrected.
  • This validation can in turn be performed by a computing device or possibly also by the controller 16. To determine measured values, for example, the first and second temperature sensors 12, 14 can be used.
  • an optimized simulation model of the thermal behavior of the switching field 10 as a function of time then exists.
  • the second step 22 that is to say the validation of the simulation model for the thermal behavior of the switching field 10, may also be omitted.
  • one or more transfer functions are determined from the optimized simulation model of the thermal behavior of the cubicle 10.
  • a validity range for the optimized simulation model is determined in a first substep.
  • the starting point are those actually measured operating variables of the switching field 10, which have been determined during the operation of the switching field 10 for the purpose of validating the simulation model. These measured operating variables are assigned to the ambient temperature TU, which has also been measured in the aforementioned measurement of the operating variables.
  • the same operating variables are determined with the aid of the simulation model for a first changed ambient temperature TU1.
  • the same operating variables of the switching field 10 are determined with the aid of the simulation model for a second changed ambient temperature TU2, and so on.
  • This test can be carried out automatically by setting limit values for the individual operating variables and then by checking whether these limit values have been complied with or exceeded. This check can be performed by a computing device or possibly also by the controller 16. However, the test can also be carried out by an operator of the electrical switchgear 10 in such a way that the operating variables ascertained by the simulation model are tested in each case with regard to their technical plausibility. It is understood that other tests and combinations thereof can be carried out.
  • a temperature difference Td which represents only the temperature increase from an initial temperature Ta of the component, ie the component temperature TB before the application of the respective current, to the finally determined component temperature TB.
  • FIG. 3 shows a table which represents the example explained above.
  • the ambient temperatures mentioned are plotted and in the horizontal these currents are applied.
  • a value for the determined temperature difference Td is then entered for each pair of operating variables ambient temperature and current. The value inscribed in the individual fields thus indicates by how many degrees the temperature of the component underlying the simulation model changes, if the associated ambient temperature is present and the associated current flows.
  • one or more basic equations for the transfer function (s) are now specified.
  • the basic equations contain one or more parameters and then the parameters of these basic equations are determined.
  • T (t) Ta + Td * (1-k * e -t / ⁇ )
  • the temperature difference Td can be determined, for example, as follows:
  • Td a + b ⁇ TU + c ⁇ TU 2
  • the parameters a, b, c can be determined, for example, with the help of the table of FIG. It is understood that other types of compilations can be used in a corresponding manner for the determination of the parameters a, b, c.
  • methods of the so-called data fitting can then be used, for example methods for regression calculation, e.g. the method of least squares.
  • the first sub-step is used. As has been explained, in this first sub-step a validity range for the optimized simulation model is determined. As part of this determination, the measured operating variables of the switching field 10 are calculated for a number of different ambient temperatures TUi.
  • the basic equation has a time-dependent term and a basic coefficient.
  • the time-dependent term is realized by the e-function and the temperature difference Td represents the basic coefficient.
  • the basic coefficient is then calculated as explained by way of example with the aid of a compensation method as a function of the further operating variables determined by the simulation model.
  • this equation for the time-dependent temperature T (t) is converted into the associated transfer function (s).
  • Such a transfer function is generally a mathematical relationship that relates at least two or more operating variables of the switching field 10 to one another. Such a transfer function thus characterizes the thermal behavior of the switching field 10 by the selected operating variables.
  • a transfer function is a mathematical equation that links together at least two or more operating variables of the switching field 10.
  • the combination of the operating variables is carried out in particular via mathematical functions and parameters, the latter may be constant or dependent on operating variables of the switching field 10.
  • One value is specified for one of the operating variables of the transfer function, and a value is determined for the other operating variable (s), which is directed into the future.
  • the one, predetermined value can be determined by means of a measurement and for the other / n operating size / n can be determined using the transfer function, a maximum allowable value, which may not be exceeded.
  • the transfer function is constructed in such a way that, for a specific state of the switching field 10, the result of the transfer function is as similar as possible to a result of a corresponding combination of the corresponding operating variables in the optimized simulation model.
  • the parameters of the transfer function are selected such that the result of the transfer function for the specific state of the switching field 10 is a result that corresponds to a result of a corresponding combination of the corresponding operating variables in the optimized simulation model.
  • a specific value I can be specified for a current I flowing within the switching field 10, and it can then be determined by means of a first transfer function how long, ie for which maximum time duration t max this particular value I geg of the current I may be present or allowed to flow without causing damage to the panel 10.
  • the thermal behavior of the switching field 10 is taken into account by the transfer function. In particular, it is considered that damage occurs at the switching field 10 when the component temperature TB exceeds a limit temperature Tgrenz.
  • This propositionheng can be solved, for example, in terms of t max , that the value for t max is always increased.
  • the value for t max with which the equation reaches the limit temperature T limit as accurately as possible, then represents the sought maximum time duration t max .
  • a specific value t can be given for a time duration for the flow of a current I within the switching field 10, and it can then be determined with the aid of a second transfer function, which maximum value I max of this Strom I may be present in future or may flow without causing damage to the panel 10.
  • the thermal behavior of the switching field 10 is taken into account by the transfer function.
  • T (tgeg) Ta + Td * (1-k * e -tgeg / ⁇ )
  • the equation is based on a first value for the current I, for example, the nominal value for the current I.
  • this equation can be "solved" with regard to the maximum permissible current I max so that the respective underlying value for the current I is always further increased.
  • the value for the current I, with which the equation is fulfilled as accurately as possible, then represents the sought maximum current I max .
  • T1 (t) T1a + T1d * (1-k11 * e -t / ⁇ 1 -k12 * e -t / ⁇ 2 )
  • T2 (t) T2a + T2d * (1-k21 * e -t / ⁇ 2 -k22 * e -t / ⁇ 2 )
  • T1 (t), T2 (t) time-dependent temperatures
  • T1a, T2a outlet temperatures
  • T1d, T2d temperature differences
  • a fourth step 24 illustrates the operation of the panel 10.
  • the transfer function (s) is / are calculated once or more than once, always for the current state of the panel 10. Based on the results / s of the transfer function / s then the further operation of the panel 10 can be influenced in general. The latter influencing of the switching field 10 is shown in FIG. 2 by an arrow 26.
  • the result of the first transfer function represents a value, as explained above , for how long, ie for which maximum time duration t max , is the predetermined current I in within of the switching field 10 may be present or allowed to flow without causing damage to the panel 10.
  • the first transfer function it is thus possible to monitor whether the said maximum time duration t max is exceeded during further operation of the switching field 10 or not. If the maximum time duration t max is exceeded, then, for example, the current I flowing within the switching field 10 can be switched off. Damage to the panel 10 can thus be avoided in a forward-looking manner with the aid of the transfer function.
  • the second transfer function calculated during the operation for the current state of the switching field 10 thus provides - as explained - the result of the second transfer function to the maximum value I max of the inside of the switch box 10 flowing current I represents the t during the time period geg may be present or flow, without causing damage to the panel 10.
  • the second transfer function After the second transfer function has been calculated, it is thus possible to monitor whether the said maximum current I max is exceeded during further operation of the switching field 10 or not. If the maximum current I max is exceeded during the time period t geg , then, for example, the current I flowing within the switching field 10 can be switched off. Damage to the panel 10 can thus be avoided in a forward-looking manner with the aid of the transfer function.
  • the calculation of the transfer function (s) is performed by a computing device.
  • this calculation can be performed by the controller 16.
  • the calculation of the individual transfer functions can be carried out, for example, at equidistant time intervals.
  • the calculation of a single transfer function requires only a very small amount of time for the computing device.
  • the calculation of a single transfer function can therefore be performed in real time.
  • the result of the transfer function is calculated by the computing device so quickly that an optionally required influencing of the switching field 10 due to the determined result of the transfer function can be carried out in such a timely manner that any damage to the switching field 10 is avoided in any case.
  • this means that the transfer function is calculated so quickly that a reaction resulting from the result of the transfer function still achieves its desired effect in each case.
  • the determination of the simulation model for the thermal behavior of the switching field 10 is therefore carried out in particular before the actual operation of the switching field 10. If applicable, the same applies to the validation of the simulation model. Likewise, the determination of the basic function (s), in particular of the respective parameters, is carried out before the actual operation of the switching field 10. During operation, only the transfer function (s) for the respective current state of the switching field 10 is / are determined in real time, and possible influences of the switching field 10 are / are based only on this transfer function (s).
  • each individual transfer function covers a certain aspect of the thermal behavior of the cubicle 10, so that each of these aspects can be monitored by the associated transfer function. If, in one or more of the transfer functions, it is determined that damage is to be expected from the switch panel 10, then the switch panel 10 can be influenced before the damage occurs so that the damage does not even occur.
  • the method described above for operating an electrical switchgear can also be used very generally for the purpose of describing the state of the electrical switchgear.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour assurer le fonctionnement d'un tableau de distribution (10) d'une installation de distribution électrique. Ledit tableau de distribution (10) présente une pluralité de composants électriques, en particulier sectionneur de puissance, disjoncteur/interrupteur de mise à la terre ou similaires. Ledit tableau de distribution comprend également des détecteurs pour mesurer des paramètres de fonctionnement, en particulier pour mesurer des courants, des tensions, des températures, des durées ou similaires. Un modèle de simulation du comportement thermique du tableau de distribution (10) est établi, ledit modèle de simulation déterminant respectivement au moins deux autres paramètres de fonctionnement pour une pluralité de températures ambiantes. Au moins une équation fondamentale présentant au moins un terme dépendant du temps et un coefficient de base est prédéterminée. Le coefficient de base est calculé au moyen d'une méthode d'adéquation (adéquation des données, en anglais) en fonction des autres paramètres de fonctionnement déterminés par le modèle de simulation.
PCT/EP2012/050608 2011-01-19 2012-01-17 Procédé de fonctionnement d'un tableau de distribution d'une installation de distribution électrique WO2012098096A2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011002870.6 2011-01-19
DE201110002870 DE102011002870B4 (de) 2011-01-19 2011-01-19 Verfahren zum Überwachen des dynamischen thermischen Verhaltens eines Schaltfelds einer elektrischen Schaltanlage sowie elektrische Schaltanlage

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WO2012098096A2 true WO2012098096A2 (fr) 2012-07-26
WO2012098096A3 WO2012098096A3 (fr) 2012-09-13

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WO (1) WO2012098096A2 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102015210397A1 (de) * 2015-06-05 2016-12-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren und Anordnung für einen Betrieb einer elektrischen Anlage
DE102018103901A1 (de) * 2018-02-21 2019-08-22 Hochschule Für Technik Und Wirtschaft Berlin Verfahren zum Bestimmen eines Betriebszustands eines elektrischen Betriebsmittels und Anordnung
EP3748447A1 (fr) * 2019-06-06 2020-12-09 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé mise en uvre par ordinateur de simulation du fonctionnement d'une installation d'automatisation
DE102020204609A1 (de) 2020-04-09 2021-10-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Überwachen einer Elektroenergieübertragungsvorrichtung

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NL1019653C2 (nl) * 2001-12-24 2003-06-30 Holec Holland Nv Werkwijze voor het inrichten van een schakelinstallatie geschikt voor de distributie van elektrische energie en elektrische voeding naar een stelsel van elektrische verbruikers.
US7528612B2 (en) * 2006-09-29 2009-05-05 Rockwell Automation Technologies, Inc. System and method for monitoring a motor control center
EP2009563A1 (fr) * 2007-06-26 2008-12-31 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Procédé destiné à la détermination commandée par informatique d'un système de climatisation destiné au refroidissement d'une installation technique
JP2009254104A (ja) * 2008-04-04 2009-10-29 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 受配電設備用導体監視装置

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WO2012098096A3 (fr) 2012-09-13
DE102011002870A1 (de) 2012-07-19
DE102011002870B4 (de) 2014-06-05

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