WO2012089138A1 - 改善多频段移动终端的天线的匹配性能的方法和移动终端 - Google Patents

改善多频段移动终端的天线的匹配性能的方法和移动终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012089138A1
WO2012089138A1 PCT/CN2011/084891 CN2011084891W WO2012089138A1 WO 2012089138 A1 WO2012089138 A1 WO 2012089138A1 CN 2011084891 W CN2011084891 W CN 2011084891W WO 2012089138 A1 WO2012089138 A1 WO 2012089138A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
mobile terminal
matching
matching circuit
reflection coefficient
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PCT/CN2011/084891
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张世芳
李济水
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意法·爱立信半导体(北京)有限公司
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Application filed by 意法·爱立信半导体(北京)有限公司 filed Critical 意法·爱立信半导体(北京)有限公司
Priority to US13/976,827 priority Critical patent/US20140051477A1/en
Priority to EP11852518.7A priority patent/EP2661031A4/en
Publication of WO2012089138A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012089138A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/02Terminal devices
    • H04W88/06Terminal devices adapted for operation in multiple networks or having at least two operational modes, e.g. multi-mode terminals
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/005Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges
    • H04B1/0053Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission adapting radio receivers, transmitters andtransceivers for operation on two or more bands, i.e. frequency ranges with common antenna for more than one band
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/02Transmitters
    • H04B1/04Circuits
    • H04B1/0458Arrangements for matching and coupling between power amplifier and antenna or between amplifying stages
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/06Receivers
    • H04B1/16Circuits
    • H04B1/18Input circuits, e.g. for coupling to an antenna or a transmission line
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04BTRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/38Transceivers, i.e. devices in which transmitter and receiver form a structural unit and in which at least one part is used for functions of transmitting and receiving
    • H04B1/40Circuits

Definitions

  • the RF transceiver in a cell phone is designed for 50 ohm impedance, so the antenna preferably exhibits a 50 ohm impedance across the entire frequency band. But in fact, this is rarely done, because according to the laws of electromagnetism, mobile phones are inherently characterized by narrow antenna bandwidth, poor matching, and low radiation efficiency. Therefore, the antenna is usually designed with a non-50 ohm impedance throughout the entire band.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a method and a mobile terminal for improving the matching performance of an antenna of a multi-band mobile terminal, which can improve the matching performance of the antenna of the mobile terminal of the common ffi-root antenna in different frequency bands.
  • a method for improving matching performance of an antenna of a multi-band mobile terminal comprising: a coupler of an RF front end and an antenna, the antenna working in different standards and a different frequency band of the same system; the mobile terminal includes a plurality of matching circuits, and a first matching circuit of the plurality of matching circuits is connected between a coupler of the radio frequency front end of the mobile terminal and the antenna, and the method include:
  • Step 1 Obtain working parameters of the mobile terminal.
  • Step 2 selecting a matching circuit among the plurality of matching circuits according to the working parameter of the mobile terminal;
  • Step 3 The selected matching circuit is connected between the coupler of the radio frequency front end of the mobile terminal and the antenna to replace the first matching circuit to improve the matching performance of the antenna.
  • the step i is specifically: acquiring a current working frequency band of the antenna
  • the step 2 is specifically: selecting, according to a preset relationship between the working frequency band and the matching circuit, a matching circuit corresponding to the working frequency band from the plurality of matching circuits.
  • the method further includes: determining, according to the first reflection coefficient value of the first matching circuit, whether the antenna of the mobile terminal is in a mismatch state;
  • the step is specifically: when the antenna is in a mismatch state, acquiring a reflection coefficient value when the mobile terminal selects the plurality of matching circuits respectively;
  • the step 2 is specifically: selecting a matching circuit from the plurality of matching circuits, so that the second reflection coefficient value after the selected matching circuit is connected between the coupler and the antenna is smaller than the first Predetermined value.
  • the method further includes: determining, according to the first reflection coefficient value of the first matching circuit, whether the antenna of the mobile terminal is in a mismatch state;
  • the step i is specifically: when the antenna is in a mismatch state, acquiring, by the mobile terminal, a reflection coefficient value of the plurality of matching circuits ⁇ ;
  • the step 2 is specifically: selecting a matching circuit from the plurality of matching circuits, so that a second reflection coefficient value after the selected matching circuit is connected between the coupler and the antenna is A minimum of all reflection coefficient values after the plurality of matching circuits are respectively connected between the coupler and the antenna.
  • the step of determining whether the antenna of the mobile terminal is in a mismatch state according to the first reflection coefficient value of the first matching circuit includes:
  • the determination result is: the connection state of the antenna is abnormal; wherein the second predetermined value is greater than the first predetermined value;
  • the determination result is: the antenna is in a mismatch state.
  • the step of acquiring the reflection coefficient value when the mobile terminal selects the plurality of matching circuits respectively is:
  • a mobile terminal including: a coupler of an RF front end and an antenna, the antenna working in different frequency bands of different standards and the same system; the mobile terminal includes multiple matching circuits, and the mobile terminal The first matching circuit of the plurality of matching circuits is connected between the coupler of the RF front end and the antenna, and the mobile terminal further includes:
  • a selecting unit selecting a matching circuit from the plurality of matching circuits according to an operating parameter of the mobile terminal
  • a control unit which is connected between the coupler of the radio frequency front end of the mobile terminal and the antenna to replace the first matching circuit to improve the matching performance of the antenna.
  • the acquiring unit is specifically: acquiring a current working frequency band of the antenna;
  • the selecting unit is configured to: according to a preset working frequency band and a correspondence between matching circuits a relationship, selecting a matching circuit corresponding to the working frequency band from the plurality of matching circuits.
  • the mobile terminal further includes:
  • a determining unit determining, according to the first reflection coefficient value of the first matching circuit, whether the antenna of the mobile terminal is in a mismatch state
  • the acquiring unit is specifically: when the antenna is in a mismatch state, acquiring a reflection coefficient value when the mobile terminal selects a matching circuit;
  • the selecting unit is specifically: selecting a matching circuit from the plurality of matching circuits, such that a second reflection coefficient value after the selected matching circuit is connected between the coupler and the antenna is A minimum of all reflection coefficient values after the plurality of matching circuits are respectively connected between the coupler and the antenna.
  • the determining unit includes:
  • the determination result is: the antenna is in a matching state; when the first reflection coefficient value is greater than or equal to a second predetermined value
  • the judgment result is: the connection state of the antenna is abnormal; wherein the second predetermined value is greater than the first predetermined value; when the first reflection coefficient value is smaller than the second predetermined value and greater than
  • the judgment result is: The antenna is in a mismatch state.
  • a first matching circuit of the plurality of matching circuits is connected between the coupler of the radio frequency front end of the mobile terminal and the antenna, and the mobile terminal Selecting, by the terminal, a matching circuit from the plurality of matching circuits according to an operating parameter of the mobile terminal; connecting the selected matching circuit between the coupler of the RF front end of the mobile terminal and the antenna to replace the A matching circuit improves the matching performance of the antenna.
  • 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for improving matching performance of an antenna of a multi-band mobile terminal according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of an embodiment of a method for improving matching performance of an antenna of a multi-band mobile terminal according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an application scenario of a mobile terminal according to the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic flowchart of an application scenario of a method for improving matching performance of an antenna of a multi-band mobile terminal according to the present invention. detailed description
  • the method for improving the matching performance of an antenna of a multi-band mobile terminal includes: a coupler of an RF front end and an antenna, and the antenna works in different standards. a different frequency band of the same system; the mobile terminal includes a plurality of matching circuits, and a first matching circuit of the plurality of matching circuits is connected between a coupler of the RF front end of the mobile terminal and the antenna, Methods include:
  • Step 11 obtaining working parameters of the mobile terminal
  • Step 12 Select a matching circuit from the plurality of matching circuits according to an operating parameter of the mobile terminal;
  • Step 13 The selected matching circuit is connected between the coupler of the radio frequency front end of the mobile terminal and the antenna to replace the first matching circuit to improve the matching performance of the antenna.
  • a matching circuit can be selected from the plurality of matching circuits according to the operating parameters of the mobile terminal; a coupler and a device at the RF front end of the mobile terminal The matching circuit selected between the antennas is substituted for the first The matching circuit improves the matching performance of the antenna.
  • the mobile terminal in an embodiment of the method for improving the matching performance of an antenna of a multi-band mobile terminal, includes: a coupler and an antenna of a radio frequency front end.
  • the antenna operates in different frequency bands of different systems and the same system;
  • the mobile terminal includes a plurality of matching circuits, and a coupler of the plurality of matching circuits is connected between the coupler of the radio frequency front end of the mobile terminal and the antenna A matching circuit, the method comprising:
  • Step 21 Obtain a current working frequency band of an antenna of the mobile terminal.
  • Step 22 Select, according to a preset relationship between the working frequency band and the matching circuit, a matching circuit corresponding to the working frequency band among the plurality of matching circuits; wherein, the correspondence between the working frequency band and the matching circuit may pass the experiment in advance determine.
  • one of the plurality of matching circuits is first set as the default working circuit, and then the default operating circuit is switched to the selected matching circuit.
  • Step 23 The selected matching circuit is connected between the coupler of the radio frequency front end of the mobile terminal and the antenna to replace the first matching circuit to improve the matching performance of the antenna.
  • the method for improving the matching performance of the antenna of the multi-band mobile terminal by the multi-band further includes: - Step 24, acquiring forward transmission power and backward reflection power fed back by the coupler; Step 25, according to the forward direction Transmitting power and the retroreflected power, and calculating a reflection coefficient value of the selected matching circuit;
  • Step 26 Determine an operating state of the antenna according to the selected reflection coefficient value of the matching circuit. Specifically:
  • Step 261 When the reflection coefficient value of the selected matching circuit is greater than or equal to the second predetermined value, the determination result is: the connection state of the antenna is abnormal;
  • Step 262 when the value of the reflection coefficient of the selected matching circuit is less than or equal to the first predetermined value, the determination result is: the antenna is in a matching state, where the second predetermined value is greater than the first Predetermined value
  • Step 263 when the selected reflection circuit has a reflection coefficient value smaller than the second predetermined When the value is greater than the first predetermined value, the judgment result is: The antenna is in a mismatch state.
  • the method for improving the matching performance of the antenna of the multi-band mobile terminal by the multi-band further includes: Step 27: When the antenna is in a mismatch state, select a second matching circuit from the plurality of matching circuits, so that a second reflection coefficient value after the second matching circuit is connected between the coupler and the antenna is smaller than a reflection coefficient value of the selected matching circuit.
  • the step 27 is specifically: when the antenna is in a mismatch state, determining whether the mobile terminal is in an idle time slot, and if yes, selecting a second matching circuit from the plurality of matching circuits, so that And a second reflection coefficient value after the second matching circuit is connected between the coupler and the antenna, less than the first predetermined value.
  • the step 27 is specifically: when the antenna is in a mismatch state, determining whether the mobile terminal is in an idle time slot, and if yes, selecting a second matching circuit from the plurality of matching circuits, so that a second reflection coefficient value after the second matching circuit is connected between the coupler and the antenna, and all reflection coefficient values after the plurality of matching circuits are respectively connected between the coupler and the antenna The minimum value in .
  • the mobile terminal of the present invention includes: a coupler 51 of an RF front end and an antenna 52, wherein the antenna operates in different frequency bands of different standards and the same system; the RF front end of the mobile terminal A plurality of matching circuits 53 are disposed between the coupler 51 and the antenna 52, and the mobile terminal further includes:
  • the obtaining unit 54 acquires an operating parameter of the mobile terminal
  • the selecting unit 55 selects a matching circuit from the plurality of matching circuits according to the operating parameter of the mobile terminal,
  • the control unit 56 connects the selected matching circuit between the coupler of the radio frequency front end of the mobile terminal and the antenna to improve the matching performance of the antenna.
  • a plurality of matching LC arrays constitute different matching circuits, and control unit 56 selects a logic array by logic control to select different matching circuits.
  • the acquiring unit 54 is configured to: acquire a current working frequency band of the antenna;
  • the selecting unit 55 is specifically configured to: select a matching circuit corresponding to the working frequency band among the plurality of matching circuits according to a correspondence between a preset working frequency band and a matching circuit.
  • the mobile terminal further includes: a determining unit 57, configured to determine, according to the first reflection coefficient value of the first matching circuit, whether the antenna of the mobile terminal is in a mismatch state; Specifically: when the antenna is in a mismatch state, acquiring a reflection coefficient value when the mobile terminal selects a different matching circuit; the selecting unit 55 is specifically: selecting a matching circuit among the plurality of matching circuits, so that a second reflection coefficient value after the selected matching circuit is connected between the coupler and the antenna, and is a value of all reflection coefficient values after the coupler and the antenna are respectively connected to the plurality of matching circuits The minimum value.
  • a determining unit 57 configured to determine, according to the first reflection coefficient value of the first matching circuit, whether the antenna of the mobile terminal is in a mismatch state; Specifically: when the antenna is in a mismatch state, acquiring a reflection coefficient value when the mobile terminal selects a different matching circuit; the selecting unit 55 is specifically: selecting a matching circuit among the plurality of matching circuits, so that a
  • the determining unit 57 includes:
  • Determining a subunit determining an operating state of the antenna according to the first reflection coefficient value; and when the first reflection coefficient value is less than or equal to the first predetermined value, the determining result is: the antenna is in a match a state, when the first reflection coefficient value is greater than or equal to a second predetermined value, the determination result is: the connection state of the antenna is abnormal; wherein the second predetermined value is greater than the first predetermined value; When the first reflection coefficient value is smaller than the second predetermined value and greater than the first predetermined value, the determination result is: the antenna is in a mismatch state.
  • the present invention provides a method and apparatus for multi-band terminals that can detect multi-band antenna mismatch and improve mismatch performance.
  • the present invention is applicable to a multi-band wireless system sharing one antenna, such as a mobile terminal (mobile phone), a base station, and the like.
  • the present invention can select an optimal antenna matching network according to the current working frequency band of the mobile phone (mobile terminal) antenna, so as to achieve an optimal antenna receiving and transmitting effect, and achieve the best in the frequency band.
  • Antenna matching effect Specifically: Insert a digital adjustable matching circuit unit (MCU) between the RF front-end antenna and the coupler. Multiple matches in the matching circuit unit
  • the circuit in the normal matching of the antenna, according to the frequency band in which the antenna is currently working, according to the pre-stored matching circuit unit, the corresponding optimal matching circuit in the matching circuit unit (MCU) is selected by the digital control word.
  • an appropriate antenna matching network can be selected to correct the matching of the antenna, thereby achieving an optimal antenna receiving and transmitting effect.
  • the trick is: Determine whether the connected state of the antenna is normal by judging the calculated VSW (also based on the reflection coefficient). By adjusting the matching circuit, the ratio of the detected back reflection power to the forward transmission power is minimized, thereby achieving the best matching purpose.
  • the current matching mismatch can be corrected by selecting the corresponding matching circuit in the antenna matching circuit unit (MCU) according to the detected antenna mismatch characteristics, thereby improving the matching effect of the antenna.
  • An antenna matching circuit unit is added between the RF front-end coupler and the antenna, and the unit can be used for the selection of the matching circuit of the multi-band antenna and various mismatch cases.
  • the following is combined with FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 to TD-SCDMA/GSM.
  • the terminal is taken as an example, and the present invention describes how to detect the antenna mismatch and how to improve the mismatch performance.
  • the antenna When the mobile phone is in the process of calling, the antenna may be mismatched for various reasons, such as differences in the device, changes in the operating frequency band, physical or finger eclipse, and changes in the holding manner.
  • the corresponding matching circuit is adjusted.
  • the reflection coefficient S11 at this time (that is, the ratio of the coupled back reflection power to the forward transmission power) is calculated, and it is determined whether the antenna is in need of adjustment matching. The area of the state.
  • the antenna connection state is considered to be abnormal. It is necessary to check the antenna connection state and reconnect the antenna.
  • the antenna matching condition is considered to be good and no adjustment is needed.
  • the antenna matching requires adjustment.
  • the VSW Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
  • the antenna impedance is also affected by other factors, such as the way the phone is held (ie, the head hand effect).
  • the VSWR may increase to 9:1. This is because when the hand is placed near the antenna transmitter, the antenna produces a resonance point offset, thus changing the resonant frequency of the antenna, causing the antenna to be heavily mismatched at the predetermined operating frequency.
  • the RF Radio Frequency
  • the matching state of the antenna is changed by selecting different matching circuits.
  • the matching state of the antenna is changed by selecting different matching circuits.
  • the value of the inductance and capacitance in each matching circuit is different, and the matching circuit can be sorted according to the inductance value or the capacitance value in each matching circuit. If the measured reflection coefficient increases after re-selecting a matching circuit, the matching circuit is selected in the opposite direction; if the matching reflection coefficient is decreased after re-selecting a matching circuit, the matching circuit in the same direction is continuously selected until the reflection The coefficient is no longer reduced, the reflection coefficient reaches the minimum value, and the system considers that the best matching state is reached at this time.
  • the action of adjusting the matching state can be performed in the idle time slot, so that the normal call process is not affected.
  • the method embodiment is corresponding to the device embodiment, and the portion not described in detail in the method embodiment may refer to the description of the relevant part in the device embodiment, and the partial reference method not described in detail in the device embodiment.
  • the description of the relevant parts in the embodiment can be.
  • sequence numbers of the steps are not used to limit the sequence of the steps.
  • the steps of the steps are changed without any creative work. It is also within the scope of the invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Transmitters (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Description

匹配性能的方法和移动终端 (
近年来,随着移动通信技术的快速发展,移动终端需要支持更多的频段。 以手机为例, 而出于减小 PCB尺寸以及降低成本的考虑, 绝大多手机都采^ 一根天线。 要求一根天线能够覆盖如此多的工作频段, 其代价就是牺牲一些 频段的收发性能。
通常, 手机中的 RF收发器是针对 50欧姆阻抗而设计, 因此该天线在整 个频段上最好也能展现 50欧姆的阻抗。 但事实上, 这很少做到, 因为根据电 磁定律,手机天生具有天线带宽窄、匹配不良以及辐射效率低等特点, 因而, 天线在整个波段通常是按非 50欧姆阻抗设计的。
另一方面, 随着多模多频手机的广泛应用, 要求手机天线支持的应用频 带范围越来越宽, 这样就导致天线不可能在所有的覆盖频带都做到很好的匹 配。
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种改善多频段移动终端的天线的匹配 性能的方法和移动终端, 能够提高共 ffi—根天线的移动终端在不同频段下天 线的匹配性能。
为解决上述技术问题, 本发明的实施例提供技术方案如下:
一方面, 提供一种改善多频段移动终端的天线的匹配性能的方法, 所述 移动终端包括: 一射频前端的耦合器和一天线, 所述天线工作在不同制式和 同一制式的不同频段; 所述移动终端包括多个匹配电路, 所述移动终端的射 频前端的耦合器和所述天线之间连接有所述多个匹配电路中的第一匹配电路, 所述方法包括:
步骤 1 , 获取移动终端的工作参数;
步骤 2, 根据所述移动终端的工作参数, 丛所述多个匹配电路中选择一 匹配电路;
步骤 3, 在所述移动终端的射频前端的耦合器和所述天线之间连接选择 的所述匹配电路来替代所述第一匹配电路, 以提高所述天线的匹配性能。
所述步骤 i具体为: 获取所述天线的当前工作频段;
所述步骤 2具体为: 根据预先设置的工作频段和匹配电路之间的对应关 系, 从所述多个匹配电路中选择所述工作频段对应的匹配电路。
其特征在于, 所述步骤 1之前, 所述方法还包括: 根据所述第一匹配电 路的第一反射系数值, 判断所述移动终端的天线是否处于失配状态;
所述步骤 具体为: 当所述天线处于失配状态时, 获取所述移动终端分 别选择所述多个匹配电路时的反射系数值;
所述步骤 2具体为: 从所述多个匹配电路中选择一匹配电路, 使得在所 述耦合器和所述天线之间连接选择的所述匹配电路后的第二反射系数值, 小 于第一预定值。
所述步骤 之前, 所述方法还包括: 根据所述第一匹配电路的第一反射 系数值, 判断所述移动终端的天线是否处于失配状态;
所述步骤 i具体为: 当所述天线处于失配状态时, 获取所述移动终端分 别选择所述多个匹配电路^的反射系数值;
所述步骤 2具体为: 从所述多个匹配电路中选择一匹配电路, 使得在所 述耦合器和所述天线之间连接选择的所述匹配电路后的第二反射系数值, 为 所述耦合器和所述天线之间分别连接所述多个匹配电路后的所有反射系数值 中的最小值。 所述根据所述第一匹配电路的第一反射系数值, 判断所述移动终端的天 线是否处于失配状态的步骤包括:
获取所述耦合器反馈回去的正向传输功率和反向反射功率;
根据所述前向传输功率和所述后向反射功率, 讦算第一反射系数值; 当所述第一反射系数值小于或等于所述第一预定值时, 则判断结果为: 所述天线处于匹配状态;
当所述第一反射系数值大于或等于第二预定值时, 则判断结果为: 所述 天线的连接状态不正常; 其中, 所述第二预定值大于所述第一预定值;
当所述第一反射系数值小于所述第二预定值且大于所述第一预定值时, 则判断结果为: 所述天线处于失配状态。
所述当所述天线处于失配状态时, 获取所述移动终端分别选择所述多个 匹配电路时的反射系数值的步骤具钵为:
当所述天线处于失配状态时, 判断所述移动终端是否处于空闲时隙; 如果为是, 则获取所述移动终端分别选择所述多个匹配电路时的反射系 数值。
另一方面, 提供一种移动终端, 包括: 一射频前端的耦合器和一天线, 所述天线工作在不同制式和同一制式的不同频段; 所述移动终端包括多个匹 配电路, 所述移动终端的射频前端的耦合器和所述天线之间连接有所述多个 匹配电路中的第一匹配电路, 所述移动终端还包括:
获取单元, 获取所述移动终端的工作参数;
选择单元, 根据所述移动终端的工作参数, 从所述多个匹配电路中选择 一匹配电路;
控制单元, 在所述移动终端的射频前端的耦合器和所述天线之间连接选 择的所述匹配电路来替代所述第一匹配电路, 以提高所述天线的匹配性能。
所述获取单元具体为: 获取所述天线的当前工作频段;
所述选择单元具悻为: 根据预先设置的工作频段和匹配电路之间的对应 关系, 从所述多个匹配电路中选择所述工作频段对应的匹配电路。 所述的移动终端, 还包括:
判断单元, 根据所述第一匹配电路的第一反射系数值, 判断所述移动终 端的天线是否处于失配状态;
所述获取单元具体为: 当所述天线处于失配状态时, 获取所述移动终端 选择不 ί司匹配电路时的反射系数值;
所述选择单元具体为: 从所述多个匹配电路中选择一匹配电路, 使得在 所述耦合器和所述天线之间连接选择的所述匹配电路后的第二反射系数值, 为所述耦合器和所述天线之间分别连接所述多个匹配电路后的所有反射系数 值中的最小值。
所述判断单元包括:
获取子单元,获取所述耦合器反馈回去的正向传输功率和反向反射功率; 计算子单元, 根据所述前向传输功率和所述后向反射功率, 计算第一反 射系数值;
判断子单元, 当所述第一反射系数值小于或等于所述第一预定值时, 则 判断结果为: 所述天线处于匹配状态; 当所述第一反射系数值大于或等于第 二预定值时, 则判断结果为: 所述天线的连接状态不正常; 其中, 所述第二 预定值大于所述第一预定值; 当所述第一反射系数值小于所述第二预定值且 大于所述第一预定值时, 则判断结果为: 所述天线处于失配状态。
本发明的实施例具有以下有益效果:
上述方案中, 移动终端在不同频段下共用一根天线时, 所述移动终端的 射频前端的耦合器和所述天线之间连接有所述多个匹配电路中的第一匹配电 路, 所述移动终端根据移动终端的工作参数, 从所述多个匹配电路中选择一 匹配电路; 在所述移动终端的射频前端的耦合器和所述天线之间连接选择的 所述匹配电路来替代所述第一匹配电路, 从而提高了天线的匹配性能。 图 1为本发明所述的改善多频段移动终端的天线的匹配性能的方法的流 程示意图;
图 2为本发明所述的改善多频段移动终端的天线的匹配性能的方法的一 实施例的流程示意图;
图 3为本发明所述的移动终端的结构示意图;
图 4为本发明所述的移动终端的应用场景的结构示意图;
图 5为本发明所述的改善多频段移动终端的天线的匹配性能的方法的应 用场景的流程示意图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明的实施例要解决的技术问题、 技术方案和优点更加清楚, 下 面将结合附图及具体实施例进行详细描述。
如图 1所示, 为本发明所述的一种改善多频段移动终端的天线的匹配性 能的方法, 所述移动终端包括: 一射频前端的耦合器和一天线, 所述天线工 作在不同制式和同一制式的不同频段; 所述移动终端包括多个匹配电路, 所 述移动终端的射频前端的耦合器和所述天线之间连接有所述多个匹配电路中 的第一匹配电路, 所述方法包括:
步骤 11, 获取移动终端的工作参数;
步骤 12, 根据所述移动终端的工作参数, 从所述多个匹配电路中选择一 匹配电路;
步骤 13, 在所述移动终端的射频前端的耦合器和所述天线之间连接选择 的所述匹配电路来替代所述第一匹配电路, 以提高所述天线的匹配性能。
上述方案中, 移动终端在不同频段下共用一根天线时, 能够根据移动终 端的工作参数, 从所述多个匹配电路中选择一匹配电路; 在所述移动终端的 射频前端的耦合器和所述天线之间连接选择的所述匹配电路来替代所述第一 匹配电路, 从而提高了天线的匹配性能。
如图 2所示, 为本发明所述的一种多频段改善多频段移动终端的天线的 匹配性能的方法的一实施例, 所述移动终端包括: 一射频前端的耦合器和一 天线, 所述天线工作在不同制式和同一制式的不同频段; 所述移动终端包括 多个匹配电路, 所述移动终端的射频前端的耦合器和所述天线之间连接有所 述多个匹配电路中的第一匹配电路, 所述方法包括:
步骤 21, 获取移动终端的天线的当前工作频段;
步骤 22, 根据预先设置的工作频段和匹配电路之间的对应关系, 丛多个 匹配电路中选择所述工作频段对应的匹配电路; 其中, 工作频段和匹配电路 之间的对应关系可以预先通过实验确定。 本发明中, 首先设置多个匹配电路 中的一匹配电路为默认的工作电路, 然后, 通过将默认的工作电路切换到选 择的匹配电路。
步骤 23, 在移动终端的射频前端的耦合器和所述天线之间连接选择的所 述匹配电路来替代所述第一匹配电路, 以提高所述天线的匹配性能。
所述的多频段改善多频段移动终端的天线的匹配性能的方法, 还包括- 步骤 24, 获取所述耦合器反馈回去的前向传输功率和后向反射功率; 步骤 25 , 根据所述前向传输功率和所述后向反射功率, 计算选择的所述 匹配电路的反射系数值;
步骤 26, 根据所述选择的所述匹配电路的反射系数值, 判断所述天线的 工作状态。 具体为:
步骤 261, 当所述选择的所述匹配电路的反射系数值大于或等于第二预 定值时, 则判断结果为: 所述天线的连接状态不正常;
步骤 262, 当所述选择的所述匹配电路的反射系数值小于或等于第一预 定值时, 则判断结果为: 所述天线处于匹配状态, 其中, 所述第二预定值大 于所述第一预定值;
步骤 263, 当所述选择的所述匹配电路的反射系数值小于所述第二预定 值_旦.大于所述第一预定值时, 则判断结果为: 所述天线处于失配状态。
所述的多频段改善多频段移动终端的天线的匹配性能的方法, 还包括: 步骤 27, 当所述天线处于失配状态时, 从所述多个匹配电路中选择第二 匹配电路, 使得在所述耦合器和所述天线之间连接所述第二匹配电路后的第 二反射系数值小于所述选择的所述匹配电路的反射系数值。
优选的, 所述步骤 27具体为: 当所述天线处于失配状态时, 判断所述移 动终端是否处于空闲时隙, 如果为是, 从所述多个匹配电路中选择第二匹配 电路, 使得在所述耦合器和所述天线之间连接所述第二匹配电路后第二反射 系数值, 小于所述第一预定值。
优选的, 所述步骤 27具体为: 当所述天线处于失配状态时, 判断所述移 动终端是否处于空闲时隙, 如果为是, 从所述多个匹配电路中选择第二匹配 电路, 使得在所述耦合器和所述天线之间连接所述第二匹配电路后第二反射 系数值, 为所述耦合器和所述天线之间分别连接所述多个匹配电路后的所有 反射系数值中的最小值。
如图 3所示, 为本发明所述的移动终端, 包括: 一射频前端的耦合器 51 和一天线 52, 所述天线工作在不同制式和同一制式的不同频段; 所述移动终 端的射频前端的耦合器 51和所述天线 52之间设置有多个匹配电路 53, 所述 移动终端还包括:
获取单元 54, 获取所述移动终端的工作参数;
选择单元 55 , 根据所述移动终端的工作参数, 从所述多个匹配电路中选 择一匹配电路,
控制单元 56 , 在所述移动终端的射频前端的耦合器和所述天线之间连接 选择的所述匹配电路, 以提高所述天线的匹配性能。有多个匹配 LC阵列(电 感电容阵列)组成不同的匹配电路, 控制单元 56通过逻辑控制来选择一个逻 辑阵列来选择不同的匹配电路。
可选的, 所述获取单元 54具悻为: 获取所述天线的当前工作频段; 所述 选择单元 55具体为: 根据预先设置的工作频段和匹配电路之间的对应关系, 丛所述多个匹配电路中选择所述工作频段对应的匹配电路。
可选的, 所述的移动终端还包括: 判断单元 57, 用于根据所述第一匹配 电路的第一反射系数值, 判断所述移动终端的天线是否处于失配状态; 所述 获取单元 54具体为: 当所述天线处于失配状态时, 获取移动终端选择不同匹 配电路时的反射系数值; 所述选择单元 55具体为: 丛所述多个匹配电路中选 择一匹配电路, 使得在所述耦合器和所述天线之间连接选择的所述匹配电路 后的第二反射系数值, 为所述耦合器和所述天线之间分别连接所述多个匹配 电路后的所有反射系数值中的最小值。
所述判断单元 57包括:
获取子单元,获取所述耦合器反馈回去的正向传输功率和反向反射功率; 计算子单元, 根据所述前向传输功率和所述后向反射功率, 计算第一反 射系数值;
判断子单元, 根据所述第一反射系数值, 判断所述天线的工作状态; 当 所述第一反射系数值小于或等于所述第一预定值时, 则判断结果为: 所述天 线处于匹配状态, 当所述第一反射系数值大于或等于第二预定值时, 则判断 结果为: 所述天线的连接状态不正常; 其中, 所述第二预定值大于所述第一 预定值; 当所述第一反射系数值小于所述第二预定值且大于所述第一预定值 时, 则判断结果为: 所述天线处于失配状态。
本发明提供一种应用于多频段的终端且能检测多频段天线失配及改善失 配性能的方法和装置。 本发明适用于共用一根天线的多频段无线系统, 如移 动终端 (手机)、 基站等。
以移动终端为例, 一方面, 本发明可以根据手机 (移动终端) 天线的当 前工作频段, 来选择最佳的天线匹配网络, 以达到最佳的天线接收、 发送效 果, 达到该频段的最佳的天线匹配效果。 具体为: 在射频前端天线和耦合器 之间插入一个数字可调匹配电路单元 (MCU)。 匹配电路单元中有多个匹配 电路, 在天线正常的匹配情况下, 根据天线当前工作的频段, 根据预存的匹 配电路单元, 通过数字控制字来选用匹配电路单元 (MCU ) 中对应的最佳的 匹配电路。
另一方面, 随着外界环境的变化, 手机天线也极易产生失配。 因此, 可 以根据检测到的天线失配情况, 选择合适的天线匹配网络而对天线的匹配进 行修正, 从而达到最佳的天线接收、 发送效果。 具钵为: 通过判断计算出的 VSW (也可以根据反射系数) 判断天线的连接状态是否正常。 通过调节匹 配电路, 使得检测出的反向反射功率和正向传输功率之比最小, 从而达到最 佳匹配的目的。 在天线失配的情况下, 可以根据检测到的天线失配特性, 选 用天线匹配电路单元 (MCU) 中对应的匹配电路对当前的失配加以修正, 从 而改善天线的匹配效果。 在射频前端耦合器和天线之间增加一个天线匹配电 路单元, 该单元可以用于多频段天线的匹配电路的选择以及各种失配情况下 以下结合图 4和图 5, 以 TD- SCDMA/GSM终端为例, 对本发明如何检 测天线失配及如何改善失配性能傲一详细说明。
首先, 手机开机时, 根据测量到的信号质量选择合适的网络驻留。
然后, 根据驻留网络的频段, 选择相应的天线匹配电路。
当手机在通话过程时, 多种原因均可引起天线的失配, 如器件的差异、 工作频段的改变、 身体或者手指的蝕摸以及握持方式的改变。 此时, 根据预 存的匹配电路, 调节到相应的匹配电路。 根据耦合器反馈回去的前向传输功 率和后向反射功率, 计算出此时的反射系数 S11 (即, 耦合回来的后向反射 功率与前向传输功率之比), 判定天线是否处于需要调节匹配状态的区域。
如大于或等于第二预定值, 则认为天线连接状态不正常, 需要检查天线 连接状态, 重新连接天线。
如小于或等于第一预定值, 则认为天线匹配状况良好, 不需调节。
当小于第二预定值大于第一预定值时, 判定天线匹配需要调节。 对于多频段天线, VSW (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio, 电压驻波比) 的 典型值为 2: 1 或 3 : 1。 同时, 天线阻抗也受其它因素的影响, 如手机握持 方式(即头手效应)。 当使用者把手指放在天线发射器上, VSWR可能提高到 9: 1。 这是因为当手放在天线发射器附近时, 天线产生谐振点偏移, 因此改 变了天线的谐振频率, 导致天线在预定工作频率严重失配。 当天线端口处在 失配状态时, RF ( Radio Frequency, 射频) 性能迅速下降。 ί司时, 功率放大 器的输出功率增加, 辐射功率减小, 电流增加, 从而使得电池寿命缩短, 链 接范围缩小, 呼叫质量降低, 并导致掉线数量增多。
此时, 通过选择不同的匹配电路, 从而改变天线的匹配状态。 其中, 通 过选择不同的匹配电路, 从而改变天线的匹配状态。 每个匹配电路中电感和 电容的值不同, 可以根据每个匹配电路中的电感值或者电容值的大小对匹配 电路排序。 如重新选择一匹配电路后, 测量的反射系数增大, 则向相反的方 向选择匹配电路; 如重新选择一匹配电路后, 测量的反射系数减小, 则继续 选择同一方向的匹配电路, 直到反射系数不再减小, 反射系数达到最小值, 系统认为此时达到最佳匹配状态。调节匹配状态的动作可以在空闲时隙进行, 这样不会影响正常的通话过程。
所述方法实施例是与所述装置实施例相对应的, 在方法实施例中未详细 描述的部分参照装置实施例中相关部分的描述即可, 在装置实施例中未详细 描述的部分参照方法实施例中相关部分的描述即可。
在本发明各方法实施例中, 所述各步骤的序号并不能用于限定各步骤的 先后顺序, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动的前提下, 对各步骤的先后变化也在本发明的保护范围之内。
以上所述是本发明的优选实施方式, 应当指出, 对于本技术领域的普通 技术人员来说, 在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下, 还可以作出若干改进和 润饰, 这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权利 要求 书
1. 一种改善多频段移动终端的天线的匹配性能的方法, 所述移动终端包
M: 一射频前端的耦合器和一天线, 所述天线工作在不同制式和同一制式的 不同频段; 其特征在于, 所述移动终端包括多个匹配电路, 所述移动终端的 射频前端的耦合器和所述天线之间连接有所述多个匹配电路中的第一匹配电 路, 所述方法包括:
步骤 1, 获取移动终端的工作参数;
歩骤 2, 根据所述移动终端的工作参数, 从所述多个匹配电路中选择一匹 配电路;
歩骤 3, 在所述移动终端的射频前端的耦合器和所述天线之间连接选择的 所述匹配电路来替代所述第一匹配电路, 以提高所述天线的匹配性能。
2. 根据权利要求]所述的改善多频段移动终端的天线的匹配性能的方法, 其特征在于,
所述步骤 1具体为: 获取所述天线的当前工作频段;
所述步骤 2具体为: 根据预先设置的工作频段和匹配电路之间的对应关系, 从所述多个匹配电路中选择所述工作频段对应的匹配电路。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的改善多频段移动终端的天线的匹配性能的方法, 其特征在于, 所述步骤 1之前, 所述方法还包括: 根据所述第一匹配电路的第 一反射系数值, 判断所述移动终端的天线是否处于失配状态;
所述步骤]具体为: 当所述天线处于失配状态时, 获取所述移动终端分别 选择所述多个匹配电路时的反射系数值;
所述歩骤 2具体为: 从所述多个匹配电路中选择一匹配电路, 使得在所述 耦合器和所述天线之间连接选择的所述匹配电路后的第二反射系数值, 小于 第一预定值。
4' 根据权利要求 1所述的改善多频段移动终端的天线的匹配性能的方法, 其特征在于, 所述歩骤 1之前, 所述方法还包括: 根据所述第一匹配电路的第 一反射系数值, 判断所述移动终端的天线是否处于失配状态;
所述歩骤 1具体为: 当所述天线处于失配状态时, 获取所述移动终端分别 选择所述多个匹配电路时的反射系数值;
所述歩骤 2具体为: 从所述多个匹配电路中选择一匹配电路, 使得在所述 耦合器和所述天线之间连接选择的所述匹配电路后的第二反射系数值, 为所 述耦合器和所述天线之间分别连接所述多个匹配电路后的所有反射系数值中 的最小值。
5. 根据权利要求 3或 4所述的改善多频段移动终端的天线的匹配性能的方 法, 其特征在于, 所述根据所述第一匹配电路的第一反射系数值, 判断所述 移动终端的天线是否处于失配状态的步骤包括:
获取所述耦合器反馈回去的正向传输功率和反向反射功率;
根据所述前向传输功率和所述后向反射功率, 计算第一反射系数值; 当所述第一反射系数值小于或等于所述第一预定值时, 则判断结果为: 所述天线处于匹配状态;
当所述第一反射系数值大于或等于第二预定值时, 则判断结果为: 所述 天线的连接状态不正常; 其中, 所述第二预定值大于所述第一预定值;
当所述第一反射系数值小于所述第二预定值且大于所述第一预定值时, 则判断结果为: 所述天线处于失配状态。
6. 根据权利要求 3或 4所述的改善多频段移动终端的天线的匹配性能的方 法, 其特征在于, 所述当所述天线处于失配状态时, 获取所述移动终端分别 选择所述多个匹配电路时的反射系数值的歩骤具体为:
当所述天线处于失配状态时, 判断所述移动终端是否处于空闲时隙; 如果为是, 则获取所述移动终端分别选择所述多个匹配电路时的反射系 数值。
7. —种移动终端, 包括: 一射频前端的耦合器和一天线, 所述天线工作 在不同制式和同一制式的不同频段; 其特征在于, 所述移动终端包括多个匹 配电路, 所述移动终端的射频前端的耦合器和所述天线之间连接有所述多个 匹配电路中的第一匹配电路, 所述移动终端还包括:
获取单元, 获取所述移动终端的工作参数;
选择单元, 根据所述移动终端的工作参数, 从所述多个匹配电路中选择 一匹配电路;
控制单元, 在所述移动终端的射频前端的耦合器和所述天线之间连接选 择的所述匹配电路来替代所述第一匹配电路, 以提高所述天线的匹配性能。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的移动终端, 其特征在于,
所述获取单元具体为: 获取所述天线的当前工作频段;
所述选择单元具体为: 根据预先设置的工作频段和匹配电路之间的对应 关系, 从所述多个匹配电路中选择所述工作频段对应的匹配电路。
9. 根据权利要求 7所述的移动终端, 其特征在于, 还包括:
判断单元, 根据所述第一匹配电路的第一反射系数值, 判断所述移动终 端的天线是否处于失配状态;
所述获取单元具体为: 当所述天线处于失配状态时, 获取所述移动终端 选择不 ί司匹配电路时的反射系数值
所述选择单元具体为: 从所述多个匹配电路中选择一匹配电路, 使得在 所述耦合器和所述天线之间连接选择的所述匹配电路后的第二反射系数值, 为所述耦合器和所述天线之间分别连接所述多个匹配电路后的所有反射系数 值中的最小值。
10. 根据权利要求 9所述的移动终端, 其特征在于, 所述判断单元包括: 获取子单元, 获取所述耦合器反馈回去的正向传输功率和反向反射功率; 计算子单元, 根据所述前向传输功率和所述后向反射功率, 计算第一反 射系数值;
判断子单元, 当所述第一反射系数值小于或等于所述第一预定值时, 则 判断结果为: 所述天线处于匹配状态; 当所述第一反射系数值大于或等于第 二预定值时, 则判断结果为: 所述天线的连接状态不正常; 其中, 所述第二 预定值大于所述第一预定值; 当所述第一反射系数值小于所述第二预定值且 大于所述第一预定值时, 则判断结果为: 所述天线处于失配状态。
PCT/CN2011/084891 2010-12-30 2011-12-29 改善多频段移动终端的天线的匹配性能的方法和移动终端 WO2012089138A1 (zh)

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