WO2012088980A1 - 具有彩色多普勒超声扫描功能的胆囊镜系统 - Google Patents

具有彩色多普勒超声扫描功能的胆囊镜系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012088980A1
WO2012088980A1 PCT/CN2011/083038 CN2011083038W WO2012088980A1 WO 2012088980 A1 WO2012088980 A1 WO 2012088980A1 CN 2011083038 W CN2011083038 W CN 2011083038W WO 2012088980 A1 WO2012088980 A1 WO 2012088980A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
color doppler
gallbladder
doppler ultrasound
gallbladder mirror
endoscope
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PCT/CN2011/083038
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
乔铁
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广州宝胆医疗器械科技有限公司
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Publication of WO2012088980A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012088980A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/313—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor for introducing through surgical openings, e.g. laparoscopes
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B1/00—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor
    • A61B1/012—Instruments for performing medical examinations of the interior of cavities or tubes of the body by visual or photographical inspection, e.g. endoscopes; Illuminating arrangements therefor characterised by internal passages or accessories therefor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/08—Detecting organic movements or changes, e.g. tumours, cysts, swellings
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/12—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves in body cavities or body tracts, e.g. by using catheters
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/48—Diagnostic techniques
    • A61B8/488—Diagnostic techniques involving Doppler signals

Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a gallbladder mirror system with color Doppler ultrasound scanning function.
  • Doppler ultrasound technology is now widely used in the medical field. Its principle is to use the Doppler effect, that is, the sound frequency changes when the sound source and the measured object move relative to each other.
  • the Doppler ultrasound technology is based on the change of the ultrasonic frequency. Observe and measure the hemodynamic changes in human tissues and organs.
  • Color Doppler ultrasound technology uses the Doppler principle, the radiation source will drift due to the movement, the blood flow velocity is detected and the blood flow is calculated.
  • the color Doppler ultrasound technology can not only see the human skin. 2 ⁇ / ⁇
  • the color Doppler ultrasound treatment host can calculate the flow of blood flow based on the data of the returned ultrasound to detect the pathological changes of the tissue.
  • Doppler ultrasound technology The advantages of Doppler ultrasound technology are as follows: 1. It can quickly and visually display the two-dimensional plane distribution state of blood flow; 2. It can display the running direction of blood flow; 3. It is beneficial to distinguish arteries and veins; 4. It is beneficial to identify vascular lesions. And non-vascular lesions; 5. Conducive to understanding the nature of blood flow; 6. Can easily understand the phase and velocity of blood flow; 7. Can reliably find the shunt and reflux; 8. The origin of the blood flow, width , length, area for quantitative analysis.
  • the gallbladder mirror is the core device for hard-surgery minimally invasive gallstone surgery.
  • the gallbladder mirror is connected with the camera host, monitor and cold light source. With a variety of surgical instruments, the doctor can go deep into the gallbladder cavity, and the gallbladder stones and Gallbladder polyps are taken clean.
  • the medical color Doppler ultrasound scanning probe is combined with the gallbladder mirror, and there is no endoscope system in which the two are combined. Therefore, it is urgent to design a gallbladder mirror system with color Doppler ultrasound scanning function combined with color Doppler ultrasound technology and gallbladder mirror.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a gallbladder mirror system with color Doppler ultrasound scanning function, which is to introduce a color Doppler ultrasound scanning probe and system into a gallbladder mirror system, and to scan the gallbladder wall by a color Doppler ultrasound scanning probe.
  • the tissue is scanned by color Doppler ultrasound to provide the doctor with a blood flow dynamic map, blood flow rate map and flow rate map of the blood vessels between the gallbladder walls.
  • a gallbladder mirror system with color Doppler ultrasound scanning function comprising a gallbladder mirror and the gallbladder mirror a connected camera host, an endoscope monitor and a cold light source host, the gallbladder mirror further comprising a color Doppler ultrasound system, the color Doppler ultrasound system comprising a color Doppler ultrasound probe, color Doppler ultrasound a system host and its operating keyboard or handheld operating device, and a color Doppler ultrasound system monitor; the color Doppler ultrasound probe is internally designed with a color Doppler ultrasound transmitter, a color Doppler ultrasound receiver, and a processing
  • the chip, the color Doppler ultrasound transmitter, the color Doppler ultrasound receiver and the processing chip are designed on the same rotatable carrier, and the carrier can be rotated and linearly driven by the color Doppler ultrasound probe driver.
  • the gallbladder mirror of the present invention is divided into the following three forms:
  • the first form is a gallbladder mirror using an electronic ccd optical system, which includes an endoscope working end, a cold light source connector, a data connector, an instrument channel, and a water inlet channel. And the water passage.
  • the second form is a gallbladder mirror using a prismatic optical system, including an endoscope working end, a cold light source connector, an eyepiece input end, an instrument channel, a water inlet channel, and a water outlet channel.
  • the third is a gallbladder mirror using an electronic ccd optical system for diagnostic purposes, including endoscopic working end, cold light source connector, data connector, and instrument channel.
  • the fourth form is an electronic ccd optical system, a gallbladder mirror with a handle, including an endoscope working end, a handle, a water inlet channel and a water outlet channel, and an instrument channel, the handle is provided with an integrated cold light source connector and An integrated interface for data connectors.
  • the fifth form is an electronic ccd optical system for diagnostic purposes, a gallbladder with a handle, including a handle and an instrument channel, and the handle has an integrated interface with an integrated cold light source connector and a data connector.
  • the working end of the five forms of the gallbladder mirror according to the present invention is made of a hard material, has non-bendability, the diameter is less than or equal to 10 mm, and the working end is 250 to 300 mm, and the tip end portion needs to avoid damage to the mucosal tissue.
  • the apex portion is designed to be blunt; the instrument channel of the three forms of gallbladder mirror is greater than or equal to 3.0 mm, and the diameters of the inlet and outlet channels of the first and second forms of the gallbladder mirror are greater than or equal to 1.0 mm.
  • the operation handle of the color Doppler ultrasound probe of the present invention comprises a control switch and a mode selection switch; the data line is connected to the color Doppler ultrasound system host through a connector.
  • the color Doppler ultrasound probe of the present invention comprises a working end portion of the probe, an operating handle and a data line, etc.; the working end of the probe is 500 ⁇ 2000 mm, and the scanning portion of the working part is the front end of the probe working end. At the tip end of the 50 mm, the color Doppler ultrasound probe scans at a frequency greater than or equal to 5.0 MHz.
  • the scanning portion of the color Doppler ultrasound probe of the present invention has a cylindrical shape with a diameter of 3.0 mm or less, and the frequency of the color Doppler ultrasound probe is 5.0 MHz or more.
  • Color Doppler ultrasound scanning has been widely used as a basis for examination and diagnosis in various fields including gynecology and gastroenterology.
  • a gallbladder mirror with a color Doppler ultrasound scanning probe with a gallbladder mirror as a platform, a color Doppler ultrasound scanning probe is introduced into the gallbladder cavity, and color Doppler ultrasound imaging is performed on the tissue between the gallbladder walls, so that the doctor obtains Dynamic schematic diagram of blood flow in the gallbladder wall, By analyzing and comparing the color Doppler ultrasound images of the gallbladder, the function and condition of the gallbladder are understood and diagnosed.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the structure of a gallbladder mirror system having a color Doppler ultrasound scanning function according to the present invention.
  • Fig. 2a is a schematic view showing the structure of a gallbladder mirror (a gallbladder mirror using an electronic ccd optical system) of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2b is a schematic view showing the structure of a gallbladder mirror (a gallbladder mirror using a prism optical system) of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2c is a schematic view showing the structure of a gallbladder mirror (a gallbladder mirror using an electronic ccd optical system for diagnosis only) of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2d is a schematic view showing the structure of a gallbladder mirror (an electronic ccd optical system, a gallbladder mirror with a handle) of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2e is a schematic view showing the structure of a gallbladder mirror of the present invention (an electronic ccd optical system for diagnosis, a gallbladder mirror with a handle).
  • 3a, 3b, and 3c are respectively schematic views of the end structures of the gallbladder mirror corresponding to the above-mentioned Fig. 2a (or Fig. 2d), Fig. 2b, Fig. 2c (or Fig. 2e) in the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the appearance of a color Doppler ultrasound scanning probe of the present invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of the working end of the color Doppler ultrasound scanning probe of the present invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic illustration of the surgical procedure of a gallbladder mirror system with a color Doppler ultrasound scanning probe of the present invention.
  • the gallbladder mirror system with color Doppler ultrasound scanning probe includes a gallbladder mirror 1, a cold light source host 3, a camera host 4 and an endoscope monitor 8, and a color Doppler ultrasound scanning probe.
  • color Doppler ultrasound system host 5 operating keyboard or handheld operating device 6
  • color Doppler ultrasound system monitor 7 color Doppler ultrasound system monitor 7.
  • the function of the color Doppler ultrasound system host 5 of the present invention includes: 1) displaying the obtained blood flow information by phase detection, autocorrelation processing, color gray scale coding, and displaying the average blood flow velocity data in color, and Combine and superimpose it on the image; 2) It can visually display blood flow, and the distribution of blood flow properties and flow rate in the gallbladder and its tissue is faster and more intuitive than pulsed Doppler, and can Display of continuous wave Doppler mode; 3) its operation panel and operating keyboard or handheld operating device 6, providing a wealth of control buttons; 4) its rear panel output port external operating keyboard or handheld operating device 6, endoscope monitor 8 and so on.
  • the color Doppler ultrasound system host 5 of the present invention can have a powerful database and a powerful software test package, which can meet the different needs of doctors in different subjects.
  • the working end of the five forms of gallbladder mirror 1 is made of hard material, has non-bendability, the diameter is less than or equal to 10mm, and the working end is 250 ⁇ 300mm.
  • the tip end part needs to be designed to avoid damage to the mucosal tissue. It is blunt; the gallbladder mirror 1 of the present invention is divided into the following five forms:
  • the first form is a gallbladder mirror 1 using an electronic ccd optical system, the structure comprising an endoscopic working end 11, a cold light source connector 12, a data connector 13, an instrument channel 14, a water inlet channel 15 and a water outlet channel 16, as shown in Figure 2a.
  • the second form is a gallbladder mirror 1 employing a prismatic optical system, the structure comprising an endoscopic working end 11, a cold light source connector 12, an eyepiece input 17, an instrument channel 14, a water inlet channel 15 and a water outlet channel 16, As shown in Figure 2b;
  • the third is a gallbladder mirror using an electronic ccd optical system for diagnostic purposes.
  • the structure includes an endoscope working end 11, a cold light source connector 12, a data connector 13, and an instrument channel 14, as shown in Figure 2c.
  • the fourth form is an electronic ccd optical system, a gallbladder mirror 1 with a handle, the structure comprising a working end 11, a handlebar 18, an integral joint 181, a water inlet channel 15 and a water outlet channel 16, an instrument channel 14, such as Figure 5d;
  • the fifth form is a gallbladder mirror 1 with an electronic ccd optical system, with a handle, the structure comprising a working end 11, a handle 18, an integrated joint 181, an instrument channel 14 , as shown in Figure 2e;
  • the instrument passages of the above five forms of gallbladder mirrors have a diameter of 3.0 mm or more, wherein the diameters of the water inlet passages and the outlet passages of the first and second types of gallbladder mirrors are 1.0 mm or more.
  • Figures 3a, 3b and 3c are schematic views of the ends 11 of the gallbladder mirror 1 corresponding to the above five different forms, respectively.
  • the first and fourth forms of the anterior end of the gallbladder mirror 1 are integrally designed with the following parts: an optical lens 131, a light guiding optical fiber 121, an instrument channel outlet 141, a water inlet channel outlet 151, and a water outlet channel.
  • the outlet 161 has a linear passage shape, an inner diameter of 3.0 mm or more, and the water inlet passage 15 and the water outlet passage 16 are located on both sides of the inner mirror, and the inner diameter thereof is 1.0 mm or more.
  • the front end portion of the second form of the gallbladder mirror 1 is integrally designed with the following parts: an optical lens 171, a light guiding optical fiber 121, an instrument channel outlet 141, a water inlet channel outlet 151 and a water outlet channel outlet 161,
  • the instrument channel 14 is linear, the inner diameter is 3.0 mm or more, and the water inlet channel 15 and the water outlet channel 16 are located on both sides of the endoscope, and the inner diameter thereof is 1.0 mm or more.
  • the front end portions of the third and fifth forms of the gallbladder mirror 1 are integrally designed with the following parts: an optical lens 131, a light guiding optical fiber 121, an instrument channel outlet 141, and an instrument channel 14 in a straight line.
  • the inner diameter is greater than or equal to 3.0 mm;
  • the ccd optical system device of the first and third types of gallbladder mirrors 1 adopts an electronic CCD optical system of an optical lens of 3.0 mm or more, and the CCD chip adopts ⁇ 1/4 inch, CCD with at least 480,000 effective pixels, lens angle of view of 100° or more;
  • the second type of gallbladder lens 1 uses a prismatic optical system with an optical lens with a diameter of 3.0 mm or more.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view and an end structure diagram of the color Doppler ultrasound probe 2 according to the present invention.
  • the working end portion 21 of the color Doppler ultrasound probe 2 is 500 to 2000 mm long, and the operation handle 22 of the color Doppler ultrasound probe 2 is configured to include a control switch, a mode selection switch 221, and the like.
  • the data line is connected to the color Doppler ultrasound system host 5 via a connector 23.
  • the scanning portion 2111 of the color Doppler ultrasound probe 2 is a portion of the tip end portion 211 of the probe working end portion 21 having a front end of less than 50 mm.
  • the scanning portion 2111 of the tip end portion 211 of the color Doppler ultrasound probe 2 is cylindrical in shape and has a diameter of 3.0 mm or less, and is internally provided with a color Doppler ultrasound transmitter 2112, a color Doppler ultrasound receiver 2113, and a processing chip, and color.
  • the Doppler ultrasound transmitter 2112, the color Doppler ultrasound receiver 2113 and the processing chip are designed on the same rotatable carrier, and the carrier can be rotated and linearly driven by the color Doppler ultrasound probe driver, color
  • the Doppler ultrasound probe 2 scans at a frequency greater than or equal to 5.0 MHz.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the surgical method of the gallbladder mirror system with a color Doppler ultrasound scanning probe according to the present invention.
  • the surgical method is:
  • the doctor makes an incision in the abdominal wall of the patient and passes through the puncture device.
  • the puncture device is used to open the laparoscope and pneumoperitoneum.
  • the gallbladder is extracted from the laparoscopic lens to the outside of the body, and a small incision is made at the bottom of the gallbladder.
  • the hard cholecystoscope 1 is introduced into the gallbladder cavity 9, the bile is taken out and the physiological saline is introduced into the water channel 14 to fill the gallbladder 9, and the monitor outputs a clear image in the gallbladder cavity through the instrument channel 14, the water inlet channel 15 and The water outlet channel 16 enters various instruments, and can perform surgery in the gallbladder cavity 9 to treat diseases such as stone polyps; the color Doppler ultrasound scanning probe 2 enters the gallbladder cavity 9 from the instrument channel 14 of the gallbladder mirror 1 to open the color Doppler ultrasound.
  • the scanning function outputs accurate data of blood flow dynamics of the gallbladder wall, blood flow velocity map and flow graph to help doctors evaluate the function of the gallbladder 9 and diagnose the hidden diseases between the gallbladder walls.
  • the inventive concept is not limited to the gallbladder mirror system, but can be widely applied to choledochoscopy systems, cystoscopy systems, anorectal systems, capsule enteroscopy systems, hysteroscopic systems, laryngoscopy systems, esophagoscopy systems, fallopian tube systems, ureters Mirror system, colposcopy system, bronchoscopy system, ventricle system, duodenoscopy system, gastroscope system, arthroscopy system, etc.

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Description

具有彩色多普勒超声扫描功能的胆囊镜系统
技术领域
本发明属于医用器械领域， 具体涉及一种具有彩色多普勒超声扫描功能的胆囊镜系 统。
现有技术
多普勒超声技术现在医学领域被广泛应用，其原理是利用多普勒效应， 即声源与被测 物体相对运动时产生声频的改变，多普勒超声技术就是根据这种超声波频率的改变来观察 和测定人体组织和脏器的血流动力学变化的。彩色多普勒超声技术是利用多普勒原理，辐 射源会因运动而导致辐射频率发生漂移，来探测血管的血流流速和计算血流流量，彩色多 普勒超声技术不仅能看到人体皮下的组织超声图像，还能对皮下的血管内的血流进行彩色 显示，不同的颜色显示代表血流的不同速度， 目前可检测直径 0. 2mm血管内的血流信息及 0. 2cm/s的低速血流。此外， 彩色多普勒超声处理主机能根据返回超声的数据计算血流的 流量， 检测组织的病变情况。
多普勒超声技术的优点有： 1.能快速直观显示血流的二维平面分布状态； 2. 可显示 血流的运行方向； 3.有利于辨别动脉和静脉； 4.有利于识别血管病变和非血管病变； 5. 有利于了解血流的性质； 6.能方便了解血流的时相和速度； 7.能可靠地发现分流和返流; 8.能对血流束的起源， 宽度， 长度， 面积进行定量分析。
胆囊镜是进行硬镜微创保胆取石手术的核心器械，胆囊镜连接有摄像主机、监视器和 冷光源主机， 配合各种各样的手术器械， 医生可以深入胆囊腔内， 将胆囊结石和胆囊息肉 取的干干净净。将医用彩色多普勒超声扫描探头结合胆囊镜， 目前尚没有出现两者结合的 内窥镜系统。因此，设计一种将彩色多普勒超声技术与胆囊镜结合使用的具有彩色多普勒 超声扫描功能的胆囊镜系统迫在眉睫。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种具有彩色多普勒超声扫描功能的胆囊镜系统，其是将彩色 多普勒超声扫描探头及系统引进胆囊镜系统中，通过彩色多普勒超声扫描探头对胆囊壁组 织进行彩色多普勒超声扫描，为医生提供胆囊壁间血管的血流动态图、血液流速图和流量 图等。
为了实现上述技术目的， 本发明是通过以下技术方案来实现的：
本发明所述的具有彩色多普勒超声扫描功能的胆囊镜系统，包括胆囊镜及与该胆囊镜 连接的摄像主机、 内镜监视器及冷光源主机， 所述胆囊镜上还设有彩色多普勒超声系统， 所述彩色多普勒超声系统包括彩色多普勒超声探头、彩色多普勒超声系统主机及其操作键 盘或手持操作设备、以及彩色多普勒超声系统监视器；所述彩色多普勒超声探头其内部设 计有彩色多普勒超声发射器、彩色多普勒超声接收器及处理芯片，彩色多普勒超声发射器、 彩色多普勒超声接收器及处理芯片设计在同一块可旋转的载体上，载体可在彩色多普勒超 声探头驱动器的驱动下做旋转运动和线性运动。
本发明所述的胆囊镜， 分为以下三种形式： 第一种形式是采用电子 ccd光学系统的胆 囊镜， 其包括内镜工作端部、 冷光源接头、 数据接头、 器械通道、 进水通道及出水通道。 第二种形式是采用棱镜光学系统的胆囊镜，包括内镜工作端部、冷光源接头、目镜输入端、 器械通道、进水通道及出水通道。第三种是单纯用于诊断的采用电子 ccd光学系统的胆囊 镜， 其包括内镜工作端部、 冷光源接头、 数据接头及器械通道。 第四种形式为采用电子 ccd光学系统， 带手把的胆囊镜， 包括内镜工作端部、 手把、 进水通道和出水通道及器械 通道，所述手把上设有集成冷光源接头和数据接头的一体化接口。第五种形式为采用单纯 用于诊断的电子 ccd光学系统， 带手把的胆囊镜， 包括手把及器械通道， 所述手把上设有 集成冷光源接头和数据接头的一体化接口。
本发明所述的五种形式的胆囊镜的工作端部为硬质材料所制造，具有不可弯曲性，直 径小于等于 10mm， 工作端部长 250〜300mm， 先端部为了避免损伤粘膜组织的需要， 需 要将先端部设计成钝型； 三种形式的胆囊镜的器械通道大于等于 3.0mm， 第一和第二种 形式的胆囊镜的进水通道和出水通道的直径大于等于 1.0mm。
本发明所述的彩色多普勒超声探头的操作手把包括控制开关和模式选择开关;所述的 数据线通过接头与彩色多普勒超声系统主机连接。
本发明所述的彩色多普勒超声探头，其结构包括探头工作端部、操作手把和数据线等 部分;该探头工作端部长 500〜2000mm，起作用的扫描部分是探头工作端部前端少于 50mm 的先端部部分， 彩色多普勒超声探头扫描的频率大于等于 5.0MHz。
本发明所述的彩色多普勒超声探头的扫描部分结构为圆柱形， 直径小于等于 3.0mm， 彩色多普勒超声探头扫描的频率大于等于 5.0MHz。
与现有技术相比， 本发明的有益效果是：
目前， 超声波的多普勒效应广泛用于医学的诊断， 在包括妇科， 消化科等多个领域已 经普遍地采用了彩色多普勒超声扫描作为检查和诊断的依据。带彩色多普勒超声扫描探头 的胆囊镜， 以胆囊镜为平台， 引入彩色多普勒超声扫描探头进入胆囊腔内， 对胆囊壁间组 织进行彩色多普勒超声扫描成像， 使得医生根据获得的胆囊壁间血管血流的动态示意图， 通过分析比较胆囊的彩色多普勒超声扫描图像， 了解和诊断胆囊的功能和病症。
附图说明
图 1是本发明具有彩色多普勒超声扫描功能的胆囊镜系统的结构示意图。
图 2a是本发明的胆囊镜 （采用电子 ccd光学系统的胆囊镜） 的结构示意图。
图 2b是本发明的胆囊镜 （采用棱镜光学系统的胆囊镜） 的结构示意图。
图 2c是本发明的胆囊镜 （单纯用于诊断的采用电子 ccd光学系统的胆囊镜） 的结构 示意图。
图 2d是本发明的胆囊镜（采用电子 ccd光学系统， 带手把的胆囊镜）的结构示意图。 图 2e是本发明的胆囊镜（单纯用于诊断的采用电子 ccd光学系统， 带手把的胆囊镜) 的结构示意图。
图 3a、 图 3b、 图 3c分别是本发明中对应于上述图 2a (或图 2d)、 图 2b、 图 2c (或 图 2e ) 的胆囊镜的端部结构示意图。
图 4是本发明的彩色多普勒超声扫描探头外观结构示意图。
图 5是本发明的彩色多普勒超声扫描探头的工作端部示意图。
图 6是本发明的带彩色多普勒超声扫描探头的胆囊镜系统的手术方法示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步的详述：
如图 1所示， 本发明所述的带彩色多普勒超声扫描探头的胆囊镜系统包括胆囊镜 1， 冷光源主机 3， 摄像主机 4及内镜监视器 8， 彩色多普勒超声扫描探头 2， 彩色多普勒超 声系统主机 5， 操作键盘或手持操作设备 6， 彩色多普勒超声系统监视器 7。
本发明所述的彩色多普勒超声系统主机 5， 其功能包括： 1 ) 将所得的血流信息经相 位检测、 自相关处理、 彩色灰阶编码， 将平均血流速度资料以彩色显示， 并将其组合， 叠 加显示在图像上； 2 ) 其能直观地显示血流， 对血流的性质和流速在胆囊及其组织内的分 布较脉冲多普勒更快、 更直观地显示， 并能进行连续波多普勒模式的显示； 3 ) 其操作面 板和操作键盘或者手持操作设备 6， 提供丰富的控制按钮； 4) 其后面板的输出端口外接 操作键盘或手持操作设备 6、 内镜监视器 8等。本发明的彩色多普勒超声系统主机 5可以 自带有强大的数据库和功能强大的软件测试包， 可以满足不同科目的医生不同的需要。
图 2a〜2e所示为本发明中的胆囊镜 1的不同结构示意图。五种形式的胆囊镜 1的工作 端部为硬质材料所制造，具有不可弯曲性，直径小于等于 10mm，工作端部长 250〜300mm， 先端部为了避免损伤粘膜组织的需要， 需要将先端部设计成钝型； 本发明中的胆囊镜 1 分为以下五种形式： 第一种形式是采用电子 ccd光学系统的胆囊镜 1，其结构包括内镜工作端部 11， 冷光 源接头 12， 数据接头 13， 器械通道 14， 进水通道 15和出水通道 16， 如图 2a所示； 第二种形式是采用棱镜光学系统的胆囊镜 1，其结构包括内镜工作端部 11，冷光源接 头 12， 目镜输入端 17， 器械通道 14， 进水通道 15和出水通道 16， 如图 2b所示；
第三种是单纯用于诊断的采用电子 ccd光学系统的胆囊镜，其结构包括内镜工作端部 11， 冷光源接头 12， 数据接头 13， 器械通道 14， 如图 2c所示。
第四种形式是采用电子 ccd光学系统， 带手把的胆囊镜 1， 其结构包括工作端部 11， 手把 18， 一体化接头 181， 进水通道 15和出水通道 16， 器械通道 14， 如图 2d所示； 第五种形式是采用单纯用于诊断的采用电子 ccd光学系统， 带手把的胆囊镜 1， 其结 构包括工作端部 11， 手把 18， 一体化接头 181， 器械通道 14， 如图 2e所示；
上述五种形式的胆囊镜的器械通道的直径大于等于 3.0mm， 其中， 第一和第二种形 式的胆囊镜的进水通道和出水通道的直径大于等于 1.0mm。
图 3a、 3b和 3c分别是对应上述五种不同形式的胆囊镜 1的端部 11示意图。 如图 3a 所示，第一种和第四种形式的胆囊镜 1的先端部集成设计了以下各个部分：光学镜头 131， 导光光纤 121， 器械通道出口 141， 进水通道出口 151和出水通道出口 161， 其器械通道 14为直线状， 内径大于等于 3.0mm， 其进水通道 15和出水通道 16位于内镜的两侧， 其 内径大于等于 1.0mm。
如图 3b所示， 第二种形式的胆囊镜 1的先端部集成设计了以下各个部分： 光学镜头 171 , 导光光纤 121， 器械通道出口 141， 进水通道出口 151和出水通道出口 161， 其器械 通道 14为直线状， 内径大于等于 3.0mm，其进水通道 15和出水通道 16位于内镜的两侧， 其内径大于等于 1.0mm。
如图 3c所示， 第三种和第五种形式的胆囊镜 1的先端部集成设计了以下各个部分： 光学镜头 131， 导光光纤 121， 器械通道出口 141， 其器械通道 14为直线状， 内径大于等 于 3.0mm;第一种和第三种类型的胆囊镜 1的 ccd光学系统装置在内镜工作端部 11前端， 采用大于等于 3.0mm光学镜头的电子 CCD光学系统， 其 CCD芯片采用≤1/4〃 ，至少 48 万有效像素的 CCD, 镜头视场角 100°或以上； 第二种类型的胆囊镜 1采用采用棱镜光学 系统， 其光学镜头的直径大于等于 3.0mm。
图 4结合图 5所示为本发明中所述的彩色多普勒超声探头 2的结构示意图和端部结构 示意图。 所述的彩色多普勒超声探头 2的工作端部 21长 500〜2000mm， 所述的彩色多普 勒超声探头 2的操作手把 22， 其结构包括控制开关， 模式选择开关 221等。 所述的数据 线通过接头 23与彩色多普勒超声系统主机 5连接。 如图 4所示，彩色多普勒超声探头 2起作用的扫描部分 2111是探头工作端部 21前端 少于 50mm的先端部 211部分。 彩色多普勒超声探头 2先端部 211的扫描部分 2111结构 为圆柱形， 直径小于等于 3.0mm， 内部设有彩色多普勒超声发射器 2112、 彩色多普勒超 声接收器 2113及处理芯片， 彩色多普勒超声发射器 2112、 彩色多普勒超声接收器 2113 及处理芯片设计在同一块可旋转的载体上，载体可在彩色多普勒超声探头驱动器的驱动下 做旋转运动和线性运动， 彩色多普勒超声探头 2扫描的频率大于等于 5.0MHz。
图 6 所示为本发明所述的带彩色多普勒超声扫描探头的胆囊镜系统的手术方法示意 图。 其手术方法为：
患者消毒铺巾后，医生在患者腹壁做切口并通入穿刺器，经穿刺器通入腹腔镜并做气 腹， 在腹腔镜的直视下提取胆囊 9 至体外， 在胆囊底部做微小切口， 使得硬质胆囊镜 1 进入胆囊腔 9内， 抽取胆汁保存并利用进水通道 14通入生理盐水使得胆囊 9充盈， 监视 器输出胆囊腔内的清晰图像， 通过器械通道 14、 进水通道 15和出水通道 16进入各种器 械， 可以进行胆囊腔 9内手术， 处理结石息肉等病症； 彩色多普勒超声扫描探头 2从胆囊 镜 1的器械通道 14进入胆囊腔 9内， 开启彩色多普勒超声扫描功能， 输出精确的胆囊壁 间血管血流动态图、血流流速图和流量图等数据， 帮助医生对胆囊 9功能进行评估， 对胆 囊壁间隐藏的病症进行诊断。
该发明构思不限于胆囊镜系统， 还能广泛地应用于胆道镜系统、膀胱镜系统、肛肠镜 系统、 胶囊小肠镜系统、 宫腔镜系统、 喉镜系统、 食管镜系统、 输卵管镜系统、 输尿管镜 系统、 阴道镜系统、 支气管镜系统、 脑室镜系统、 十二指肠镜系统、 胃镜系统、 关节镜系 统等。

Claims

权利要求书
1. 具有彩色多普勒超声扫描功能的胆囊镜系统， 包括胆囊镜及与该胆囊镜连接的摄 像主机、 内镜监视器及冷光源主机， 其特征在于： 所述胆囊镜上还设有彩色多普勒超声系 统，所述彩色多普勒超声系统包括彩色多普勒超声探头、彩色多普勒超声系统主机及其操 作键盘或手持操作设备、以及彩色多普勒超声系统监视器；所述彩色多普勒超声探头的其 内部设有彩色多普勒超声发射器、彩色多普勒超声接收器及处理芯片，彩色多普勒超声发 射器、彩色多普勒超声接收器及处理芯片设计在同一块可旋转的载体上，载体可在彩色多 普勒超声探头驱动器的驱动下做旋转运动和线性运动。
2. 根据权利要求 1所述的胆囊镜系统， 其特征在于： 所述胆囊镜为采用电子 ccd光 学系统的胆囊镜， 包括内镜工作端部、 冷光源接头、 数据接头、 器械通道、 进水通道及出 水通道。
3. 根据权利要求 1所述的胆囊镜系统， 其特征在于： 所述胆囊镜为采用棱镜光学系 统的胆囊镜， 包括内镜工作端部、 冷光源接头、 目镜输入端、 器械通道、 进水通道及出水 通道。
4. 根据权利要求 1所述的胆囊镜系统， 其特征在于： 所述胆囊镜为采用单纯用于诊 断的电子 ccd光学系统的胆囊镜，包括内镜工作端部、冷光源接头、数据接头及器械通道。
5. 根据权利要求 1所述的胆囊镜系统， 其特征在于： 所述胆囊镜为采用电子 ccd光 学系统， 带手把的胆囊镜， 包括内镜工作端部、 手把、 进水通道和出水通道及器械通道， 所述手把上设有集成冷光源接头和数据接头的一体化接口。
6. 根据权利要求 1所述的胆囊镜系统， 其特征在于： 所述胆囊镜为采用单纯用于诊 断的电子 ccd光学系统， 带手把的胆囊镜， 包括手把及器械通道， 所述手把上设有集成冷 光源接头和数据接头的一体化接口。
7. 根据权利要求 1所述的胆囊镜系统， 其特征在于： 所述彩色多普勒超声系统探头 包括探头工作端部、操作手把和数据线； 该工作端部长 500〜2000mm， 起作用的扫描部分 是探头工作端部前端少于 50mm的先端部部分。
8. 根据权利要求 7所述的胆囊镜系统， 其特征在于： 所述彩色多普勒超声探头的操 作手把包括控制开关和模式选择开关;所述的数据线通过接头与彩色多普勒超声系统主机 连接。
9. 根据权利要求 1所述的胆囊镜系统， 其特征在于： 所述彩色多普勒超声探头的扫 描部分结构为圆柱形， 直径小于等于 3.0mm。
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