WO2012080570A1 - Dispositif destiné à mesurer des forces radiales dans un palier - Google Patents

Dispositif destiné à mesurer des forces radiales dans un palier Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012080570A1
WO2012080570A1 PCT/FI2011/051097 FI2011051097W WO2012080570A1 WO 2012080570 A1 WO2012080570 A1 WO 2012080570A1 FI 2011051097 W FI2011051097 W FI 2011051097W WO 2012080570 A1 WO2012080570 A1 WO 2012080570A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
bearing
sensor frame
sensor
arrangement
frame
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2011/051097
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ismo Kuivamäki
Original Assignee
Konecranes Plc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Konecranes Plc filed Critical Konecranes Plc
Publication of WO2012080570A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012080570A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/52—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions
    • F16C19/522—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with devices affected by abnormal or undesired conditions related to load on the bearing, e.g. bearings with load sensors or means to protect the bearing against overload
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
    • G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
    • G01L1/2206—Special supports with preselected places to mount the resistance strain gauges; Mounting of supports
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/0009—Force sensors associated with a bearing
    • G01L5/0019—Force sensors associated with a bearing by using strain gages, piezoelectric, piezo-resistive or other ohmic-resistance based sensors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
    • G01M13/04—Bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement for measuring radial forces of a bearing, the arrangement comprising a sensor frame that is mounted adjacent to a bearing case of a device, in a space provided on the side of the action direction of the radial forces of the bearing in the bearing case such that it is exposed to radial forces of the bearing when the device is used; a measuring sensor of radial forces which is attached to the sensor frame and is located in the sensor frame substantially on a plane passing through the radial plane of the bearing or close to it; and means for transferring measuring results provided by the measuring sensor outside the sensor frame.
  • the arrangement concerned is intended to measure radial forces of chain wheel shaft bearing appearing in chain hoist gear systems, for instance.
  • chain hoists in which appear vibration due to angularity of a chain wheel and consequently also dynamics of bearing forces, it is possible to employ measuring data on the bearing force to control the rotating speed of a hoist motor by means of a frequency converter, for instance.
  • the dynamics of the entire hoist may be reduced significantly, and thereby the ease of use and safety will be improved in the hoist and the service life will be longer.
  • the principle of this arrangement is applicable as such for use in connection with other gear systems as well, and it may also be used for monitoring the state of the bearing and for detecting damage faults.
  • the measuring data on the radial force of the bearing may also be used for rough weighing of a load to be lifted.
  • the senor will incur prestress, which is difficult to predict and whose effect is to be removed by calibrating each sensor separately after mounting. If the fit were loose, i.e. a sliding fit, the sensor would not detect small loads at all.
  • a further drawback with the tight fit is that different thermal expansions in the materials of the bearing, bearing case and sensor frame, at each particular time, may cause nonlinearity in the measurement result, which is difficult to compensate for.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a new arrangement for measuring radial forces of a bearing such that the above-mentioned problems will be solved. This is achieved by the arrangement of the invention, which is mainly characterized in that an outer track of the bearing is in immediate contact with a sensor frame.
  • the sensor frame is weakened in the area close to the measuring sensor to ensure measurable deformation in this area of the sensor frame.
  • This weakening may be implemented in a variety of ways, as will appear in the subsequent description of the invention.
  • Figure 1 is a simplified, longitudinal section view of a sensor arrangement of the invention in connection with a gearbox frame of a crane;
  • Figure 2 shows the sensor arrangement of Figure 1 from the inside of the gearbox frame, seen in the axial direction of the bearing;
  • Figure 3 shows the sensor arrangement of Figure 1 separately, the section view being the same as in Figure 1 ;
  • Figure 4 is a view of an end in Figure 3, which remains inside the gearbox frame, without a seal shown in Figure 3;
  • FIGs 5 and 6 show an implementation of an alternative sensor arrangement of the invention, represented in the same way as in Figures 3 and 4;
  • Figures 7 and 8 show an implementation of a second, alternative sensor arrangement of the invention, also represented in the same way as in Figures 3 and 4;
  • Figure 9 is a longitudinal section view of the implementation of yet another sensor arrangement of the invention.
  • a space 4 in which a sensor frame 5 is fitted.
  • the space 4 is provided such that, when the gear system is used, the sensor frame 5 is exposed to radial forces F of the bearing 3.
  • Reference mark G indicates reaction forces of opposite direction of the frame 1 and the sensor frame 5.
  • a radial force measuring sensor 6 which is located in the sensor frame 5 substantially on the plane passing through the radial plane of the bearing 3, i.e. directly in the action direction of the radial forces F.
  • an electric cable 7 that runs through the sensor frame 5 outside the gear system and forwards results from the measuring sensor 6 for further processing.
  • the measuring sensor 6 is typically a strain-gauge transducer, which in this case receives compressive forces (cf. particularly Figure 4). Also other sufficiently sensitive sensors measuring compressive and tractive forces may be applicable.
  • a shear force sensor is also possible, for instance, when the sensor frame part subjected to deformation is formed such that it will incur shearing stress.
  • the sensor shown in Figures 1 to 4 is placed in a recess 8 provided at the end of the sensor frame 5.
  • the sensor frame 5 is, in part, mainly in the shape of a solid of revolution, and the space 4 provided therefor is thus a cylindrical bore whose diameter is defined by the diameter of the sensor frame 5 and whose central axis A and consequently also the central axis of the sensor frame 5 is parallel to the central axis B of the bearing 3.
  • the outer track 9 of the bearing 3 is in immediate contact with the sensor frame 5.
  • the bore for the bearing case 2 and the bore of the space 4 for the sensor frame 5 intersect, whereby in the sensor frame 5, at the location against the outer track 9 of the bearing 3, there is provided a recess 10 corresponding the shape of the outer track 9 of the bearing 3 in the intersection area of said bores.
  • the material of the sensor frame 5 is the same as the material of the frame 1 surrounding it, at least around the sensor frame 5, or the properties of the material are substantially the same as those of the material of the frame 1 surrounding it, at least around the sensor frame 5.
  • the coefficient of heat expansion of the material of the sensor frame 5 is at most the same as that of the material of the frame 1 surrounding it.
  • the sensor frame 5 is weakened in the area close to the measuring sensor 6. This weakening is implemented by a cavity or bore 1 1 provided inside the sensor frame 5 or by thinning 12 provided in the outer circumference of the sensor frame 5.
  • the portion 13 of the sensor frame 5 which comes into contact with the outer track 9 of the bearing 3, is further lightened on both sides (see Figure 4) such that this portion 13 will have straight side walls 14.
  • the sensor frame 5 with its sensors 6 is mounted either initially to the frame 1 of the gear system or only after the gear system is otherwise completely assembled.
  • the tolerances for the sensor frame 5 and the space 4 for it are selected such that the mounting may be carried out without strong mounting forces.
  • there is selected a sliding fit which is allowed to leave a small clearance between the sensor frame 5 and the space 4. This clearance makes sure that in the sensor frame 5 there will not be produced prestresses. On the other hand, this clearance may cause a small displacement of the bearing and the shaft end therebelow, and thereby a contact error in a cogwheel on the shaft. This error is so small, however, that it may be allowed.
  • the clearance concerned also compensates for measuring variations resulting from possibly different coefficients of thermal expansion of the materials used in the construction (frame 1 , bearing 3, material of sensor frame 5), which variations might cause an undesirable prestress in the sensor frame 5 and thereby an erroneous force measuring result.
  • the bearing it is preferable to use a bearing having a thick outer track. This is appropriate, because rolling means bypassing the sensor also produce a force on the sensor and thus extra peaks in a sensor signal that are difficult to filter out.
  • the sensor frame 50 shown in Figures 5 and 6 differs from the sensor frame 5 of Figures 1 to 4 only in the respect how the sensor frame 50 is weakened in the area close to the measuring sensor 6. This weakening is implemented in the sensor frame 50 by removal of material beneath it or by a recess 1 10 that extends to a considerable portion of the cross section of the sensor frame 50, beyond its centre line.
  • the portion 130 of the sensor frame 50 which comes into contact with the outer track 9 of the bearing 3, is further lightened on both sides (see Figure 4) such that this portion 130 will be provided with lateral recesses 140. These lateral recesses may also be used in the control of conductors of the electric cable 7.
  • Figures 7 and 8 show a two-part sensor frame 150 comprising a main frame 151 and a contact part 152, which comes into contact with the outer track 9 of the bearing 3 and is secured to the main frame 151 with axial bolts 153. This enables the placement of the sensor 6 also between the parts 151 and 152, even though the sensor 6 is here shown placed at the outermost end of the contact part 152.
  • Figure 9 shows a further, possible, simple implementation of a sensor frame 250.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif destiné à mesurer les forces radiales d'un palier, le dispositif comprenant un châssis de capteur (5) qui est monté de manière adjacente à un coffrage de palier (2) d'un dispositif dans un espace (4) prévu du côté de la direction d'action des forces radiales (F) du palier (3) dans le coffrage de palier, de manière à exposer ce dernier à des forces radiales du palier lorsque le dispositif est utilisé ; un capteur de mesure (6) de forces radiales, qui est fixé au châssis de capteur et est placé dans le châssis de capteur dans un plan passant sensiblement par le plan radial du palier (3) ou à proximité de celui-ci ; et un moyen (7) destiné à transférer les résultats de mesure fournis par le capteur de mesure (6) à l'extérieur du châssis de capteur, le chemin extérieur (9) du palier (3) étant en contact direct avec le châssis de capteur.
PCT/FI2011/051097 2010-12-13 2011-12-12 Dispositif destiné à mesurer des forces radiales dans un palier WO2012080570A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI20106314 2010-12-13
FI20106314A FI124566B (fi) 2010-12-13 2010-12-13 Sovitelma laakerin säteisvoimien mittaamiseksi

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2012080570A1 true WO2012080570A1 (fr) 2012-06-21

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI2011/051097 WO2012080570A1 (fr) 2010-12-13 2011-12-12 Dispositif destiné à mesurer des forces radiales dans un palier

Country Status (2)

Country Link
FI (1) FI124566B (fr)
WO (1) WO2012080570A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103335845A (zh) * 2013-06-21 2013-10-02 东南大学 锥形动压螺旋槽轴承轴向承载能力测试装置
CN104374511A (zh) * 2014-12-09 2015-02-25 株洲联诚集团有限责任公司 一种三相感应电机转子轴承径向力测量装置及测量方法
WO2016016514A1 (fr) * 2014-08-01 2016-02-04 Konecranes Global Corporation Procédé de détection d'une liaison usée dans une chaîne, et dispositif de levage
EP3114449A1 (fr) * 2014-03-05 2017-01-11 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Pièce structurale comprenant un élément de mesure comportant au moins un capteur
EP3978886A1 (fr) * 2016-11-28 2022-04-06 TQ-Systems GmbH Cellule de charge pour déterminer une force radiale agissant sur un vilebrequin

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2429454A1 (de) * 1974-06-19 1976-01-08 Martin Muenzer Verfahren zur messung des axialschubes an laufrollen fuer eine liegend angeordnete drehtrommel und anordnung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
US4112751A (en) * 1976-06-28 1978-09-12 Gruenbaum Heinrich Arrangement for measuring a radial force applied to a bearing
DE3009454A1 (de) * 1980-03-12 1981-09-24 Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen Messeinheit zur ermittlung der belastung von wellen
US5033315A (en) * 1989-03-15 1991-07-23 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Gmbh Apparatus for determining the tension in a chain or the like
WO1994007118A1 (fr) * 1992-09-24 1994-03-31 Asea Brown Boveri Ab Tranducteur circulaire de force radiale
DE10136438A1 (de) * 2000-08-22 2002-03-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert Sensoranordnung in einem Wälzlager und Verfahren zur Auswertung des Sensorsignals
US20040261543A1 (en) * 2000-11-30 2004-12-30 Van Leeuwen Bernardus Gerardus Measurement device for measuring radial and/or axial forces
WO2006018276A1 (fr) * 2004-08-18 2006-02-23 R. Stahl Fördertechnik GmbH Engin de levage a capteur d'extension

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2429454A1 (de) * 1974-06-19 1976-01-08 Martin Muenzer Verfahren zur messung des axialschubes an laufrollen fuer eine liegend angeordnete drehtrommel und anordnung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
US4112751A (en) * 1976-06-28 1978-09-12 Gruenbaum Heinrich Arrangement for measuring a radial force applied to a bearing
DE3009454A1 (de) * 1980-03-12 1981-09-24 Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen Messeinheit zur ermittlung der belastung von wellen
US5033315A (en) * 1989-03-15 1991-07-23 Gewerkschaft Eisenhutte Westfalia Gmbh Apparatus for determining the tension in a chain or the like
WO1994007118A1 (fr) * 1992-09-24 1994-03-31 Asea Brown Boveri Ab Tranducteur circulaire de force radiale
DE10136438A1 (de) * 2000-08-22 2002-03-07 Bosch Gmbh Robert Sensoranordnung in einem Wälzlager und Verfahren zur Auswertung des Sensorsignals
US20040261543A1 (en) * 2000-11-30 2004-12-30 Van Leeuwen Bernardus Gerardus Measurement device for measuring radial and/or axial forces
WO2006018276A1 (fr) * 2004-08-18 2006-02-23 R. Stahl Fördertechnik GmbH Engin de levage a capteur d'extension

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103335845A (zh) * 2013-06-21 2013-10-02 东南大学 锥形动压螺旋槽轴承轴向承载能力测试装置
CN103335845B (zh) * 2013-06-21 2016-05-04 东南大学 锥形动压螺旋槽轴承轴向承载能力测试装置
EP3114449A1 (fr) * 2014-03-05 2017-01-11 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Pièce structurale comprenant un élément de mesure comportant au moins un capteur
WO2016016514A1 (fr) * 2014-08-01 2016-02-04 Konecranes Global Corporation Procédé de détection d'une liaison usée dans une chaîne, et dispositif de levage
US10427920B2 (en) 2014-08-01 2019-10-01 Konecranes Global Corporation Method of detecting a worn link in a chain, and a hoist arrangement
CN104374511A (zh) * 2014-12-09 2015-02-25 株洲联诚集团有限责任公司 一种三相感应电机转子轴承径向力测量装置及测量方法
EP3978886A1 (fr) * 2016-11-28 2022-04-06 TQ-Systems GmbH Cellule de charge pour déterminer une force radiale agissant sur un vilebrequin
CN114486035A (zh) * 2016-11-28 2022-05-13 Tq系统公司 电力传动元件、扭矩测量装置和飞轮组件

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI20106314A0 (fi) 2010-12-13
FI20106314A (fi) 2012-06-14
FI124566B (fi) 2014-10-15
FI20106314L (fi) 2012-06-14

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