WO2012075865A1 - 廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统及耦合辐射单元 - Google Patents

廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统及耦合辐射单元 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012075865A1
WO2012075865A1 PCT/CN2011/081470 CN2011081470W WO2012075865A1 WO 2012075865 A1 WO2012075865 A1 WO 2012075865A1 CN 2011081470 W CN2011081470 W CN 2011081470W WO 2012075865 A1 WO2012075865 A1 WO 2012075865A1
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Prior art keywords
corridor
mobile communication
signal
distribution system
cable
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PCT/CN2011/081470
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
卜斌龙
李军祥
刘培涛
蒋克勇
孙善球
王钦源
Original Assignee
京信通信系统（中国）有限公司
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Application filed by 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司 filed Critical 京信通信系统（中国）有限公司
Priority to US13/991,623 priority Critical patent/US20130257673A1/en
Priority to BR112013014080A priority patent/BR112013014080A2/pt
Publication of WO2012075865A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012075865A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/007—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas specially adapted for indoor communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/08—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart the units being spaced along or adjacent to a rectilinear path

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a coverage technique for a mobile communication antenna, and more particularly to a corridor mobile communication coverage distribution system and a coupling radiating unit suitable for use therein. ⁇ technical background ⁇
  • the goal of mobile operators is to provide people with high-quality mobile communication services whenever and wherever. .
  • mobile communication operators on the one hand increase the base station network optimization efforts, on the one hand, increase the signal coverage for specific environments that are prone to cover blind areas, and the various corridor environments in real life are the difficulties of network coverage.
  • the corridor environment includes: tunnels, subways, elevator shafts, narrow corridors in the villages, and indoor environment that can be cut into corridors.
  • the corridors have the following coverage methods:
  • the directional antenna coverage scheme such as the Yagi antenna or the logarithmic period antenna
  • the radiation pattern of the antenna is unidirectionally radiated.
  • the power levels of the near-radiation area and the far-radiation area are different due to the path fading. Decades of decibels cause the radiation level to be not uniform enough.
  • the main beam of the radiation will deviate from the direction of the corridor, the coverage distance will be shortened, and it will easily interfere with other directions.
  • the conventional directional antenna is used for the coverage of the village in the city. Due to the large number of independent, non-integrated power splitters and couplers, the power balance is distributed. The "return line" in the construction is serious, not only the additional increase. The loss of the feeder also adds an extra burden to the wiring.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a more comprehensive and effective mobile communication coverage scheme for various narrow corridors. Therefore, a corridor mobile communication coverage distribution system is proposed to improve the coverage effect, construction difficulty and construction cost of the corridor coverage project.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a coupling radiating unit suitable for use in the aforementioned system.
  • the present invention uses the following technical solutions:
  • the corridor mobile communication coverage distribution system of the present invention is used for covering mobile communication signals in a corridor environment, and includes: an RF cable disposed along a longitudinal direction of the corridor for transmitting signals, having a plurality of spaced intervals An access node; a signal source, configured to send or receive a signal to the radio frequency cable; a coupling radiating unit is disposed corresponding to each access node, and the coupling radiating unit is configured to transmit a signal passing through the radio frequency cable to a limited range of the access node Space coverage.
  • the coupling radiation unit comprises: a bidirectional radiation antenna for performing bidirectional signal coverage in a space; a directional coupler for coupling a signal between the bidirectional radiation antenna and the radio frequency cable; the bidirectional radiation antenna and the directional coupler are integrated On the same metal base plate.
  • the coupling radiating unit further includes a dual-frequency combiner for combining signals of two frequency bands;
  • the two-way radiating antenna includes two radiating elements belonging to different frequency bands; when the signal is uplink, the signal from the space is After receiving the two radiating elements of the two-way radiating antenna, they are coupled by a directional coupler and combined by a combiner to transmit to the RF cable; when the signal goes down, the signal of the RF cable is split by the combiner, and then the directional coupler Of the two radiating elements coupled to the two-way radiating antenna, two radiating elements are emitted into space.
  • the coupler is formed on a metal base plate, and one side of the coupler is formed on the metal base plate
  • the dual frequency combiner has a dielectric substrate on the other side, and the dielectric substrate is printed with the bidirectional radiation antenna.
  • the coupling radiating unit is provided with a suspension member suspended from a peripheral wall of the corridor.
  • the plurality of access nodes are arranged equidistantly.
  • the coupling coefficient of the directional coupler is proportional to the distance of the directional coupler from the signal source.
  • the signal source is any one of a repeater, a macro base station, a micro base station, and a radio remote unit.
  • the two frequency bands range from 790 to 960 MHz and 1710 to 2700 MHz, respectively.
  • the number of the signal sources is two, and two-way signal transmission is performed at both ends of the radio frequency cable.
  • the invention has the following advantages:
  • the invention has simple design, and the combination of the RF cable and the integrated coupling radiation unit replaces the traditional leakage cable, and the cost is greatly reduced, and the commercial is expected to be huge.
  • the coupled coupling radiation unit can be shaped with the wall and has the advantage of low wind resistance.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a corridor covering a leaky cable in the prior art
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupling radiating unit suitable for a single frequency in a corridor mobile communication coverage distribution system according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a coupled radiation unit suitable for dual frequency according to a corridor mobile communication coverage distribution system of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an application example of a corridor mobile communication coverage distribution system in a 500-meter long road tunnel according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing an application example of a corridor mobile communication coverage distribution system in a 1000-meter long road tunnel according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing an application example of a corridor mobile communication coverage distribution system in a 500-meter-long high-speed railway tunnel according to the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an application example of a corridor mobile communication coverage distribution system in a 1000 meter long high iron tunnel according to the present invention. ⁇ detailed description ⁇
  • the corridor mobile communication coverage distribution system of the present invention comprises a signal source 2, an RF cable 4, and an integrated coupling radiation unit 3.
  • the signal source 2 is any one of a relay device such as a repeater station, a macro base station, a micro base station, and a radio remote unit (referred to as a RRU), and is configured to send a downlink signal of the mobile communication system base station to the radio frequency cable 4, Alternatively, the uplink signal of the mobile station is received via the radio frequency cable 4 and transmitted to the base station for processing.
  • a relay device such as a repeater station, a macro base station, a micro base station, and a radio remote unit (referred to as a RRU)
  • RRU radio remote unit
  • the RF cable 4 is divided into multiple segments.
  • the segments are divided into equal segments, for example, each segment is 250 meters long.
  • the segment and the segment form an access node P, which is used for transmitting uplink. Signal or downlink signal.
  • the coupled radiating element 3 can be adapted to both a single-band design and a dual-band design.
  • the single-frequency coupled radiating element 3 shown in Fig. 2 includes a metal base plate 30 formed with a directional coupler 32, a suspension member 35, and a dielectric substrate 330 formed with a bidirectional radiating antenna 33.
  • the suspension member 35 is fixedly connected to the metal base plate 30, so that the coupling radiating unit 3 can be integrally suspended on the peripheral wall of the corridor through the suspension member 35; the directional coupler 32 is directly formed on the metal base plate 30, and the metal base plate 30 is formed.
  • the dielectric substrate 330 with the bidirectional radiation antenna 33 is erected on one side of the directional coupler 32.
  • the downstream signal is coupled to the radiating element 331 of the bidirectional radiating antenna 33 via the directional coupler 32, and then radiated into the air by the bidirectional radiating antenna 33.
  • the coupled device is coupled. 32 is coupled into the uplink to complete the uplink of the signal.
  • the dual-frequency coupled radiating element 3 shown in FIG. 3 is different from the former in that it is suitable for dual-frequency applications. It differs from the single-band coupled radiating element 3 (FIG. 2) in that it is disposed on the metal base plate 30 on a side of the directional coupler 32 opposite the dielectric substrate 330, and a dual-frequency combiner 3 1 is disposed on the dielectric substrate 330.
  • the two-way radiating antenna 33 includes two radiating elements 331, 332 corresponding to the high frequency and low frequency signals, respectively. When the signal is downlinked, the combiner 31 is coupled to the two radiating elements 331, 332 of the bidirectional radiating antenna 33 by the directional coupler 32, and is covered by the air through the antenna.
  • the uplink signal passes through the two radiating elements 331, After 332 is received, it is directionally coupled
  • the device 32 is coupled to the dual-frequency combiner 31 to complete the combining, and is fed into the uplink to complete the uplink of the signal.
  • the "two-frequency" two frequency bands range from 790 to 960 MHz and 1710 to 2700 MHz, respectively.
  • FIG. 4 to FIG. 7 for a single-band application, after the downlink signal of the base station of the mobile communication system is received by the signal source 2, starting from the signal source 2, alternately passing through the multi-segment RF cable and the plurality of coupling radiating units 3 Transmitting along the entire RF cable 4, at each access node P (not shown), the downstream signal is coupled to the bidirectional radiating antenna 33 by the directional coupler 32 in the coupling radiating element 3, and then through the bidirectional The radiating antenna 33 radiates into a limited range of spatial environments, whereby the mobile station in the corridor can thereby receive the downstream signal.
  • the uplink signal is transmitted from the mobile station in the corridor and received by the bidirectional radiation antenna 33, and then coupled to the RF cable 4 via the directional coupler 32, and then continues to the signal source 2 via the multi-segment RF cable 4, and finally by the signal source 2
  • the signal is transmitted to a base station of the mobile communication system for processing.
  • the signals when the signals are downlink or uplink, they need to be split or combined by the dual-frequency combiner 31 respectively. Therefore, between the directional coupler 32 and the RF cable 4 It is not directly connected, but needs to pass through the dual frequency combiner 31.
  • each directional coupler 32 is used to make up for this deficiency, specifically, during construction, according to the attenuation characteristics and access of the RF cable 4.
  • the distance between the nodes P, the specific coupling coefficient of the directional coupler 32 is measured and set, and the measurement method is known to those skilled in the art.
  • the RF cable 4 which is referred to in the present invention, preferably, can be used with a coaxial cable, which is substantially less expensive than a leaky cable.
  • the total length of the entire RF cable 4 used in the corridor mobile communication coverage distribution system of the present invention should not exceed 500 meters (see the figure). 4), within 500 meters, you can set multiple access nodes P at a distance of 125 meters or 250 meters. In the case of 1000 meters as shown in Fig. 5, the signal source 2 can be further added to the other end of the entire RF cable 4 to enhance the signal transmission quality in the RF cable 4.
  • a signal source can be placed at both ends of the RF cable 4 (see Figure 6), and for a high-speed rail tunnel of 1000 meters or more, two signal sources 2 can be set for each unit, and two adjacent signals are provided.
  • the source is combined with a combiner (see Figure 7). Therefore, according to the invention, the corridor mobile communication coverage distribution system of the invention has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenient construction and reliable performance.

Description

廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统及耦合辐射单元
【技术领域】
本发明涉及移动通信天线的覆盖技术，具体涉及一种廊道移动通信覆盖 分布系统及适用于其中的耦合辐射单元。 【技术背景】
随着移动通信技术以及国民经济的高速发展，人们对无线通信覆盖质量 的要求越来越高， 移动运营商努力的目标就是要做到无论何时、何地都能提 供人们优质的移动通信服务。 为此， 移动通信运营商一方面加大基站网络优 化力度， 一方面加大对于容易出现覆盖盲区的特定环境进行信号覆盖， 而现 实生活中各种廊道环境是网络覆盖的难点。 廊道环境包含： 隧道、 地铁、 电 梯井、 城中村狭窄长廊、 以及室内可切割成廊道的环境， 目前廊道有以下几 种覆盖方式：
1、 隧道、 地铁环境目前大多如图 1所示釆用漏缆覆盖方式， 技术相对 比较成熟， 大多数环境也可以满足网络覆盖， 见图 1所示。 但随着我国轨道 交通的飞速发展， 漏缆覆盖方式显露出三个比较明显的缺陷：
( 1 )对于高速列车隧道， 车体损耗高于传统列车， 约为 24dB , 而漏缆 辐射电平太弱， 覆盖效果差， 甚至无法完成网络覆盖；
目前， 我国多个城市间已开通动车组高速列车， 实验证明其坚实车体损 耗大约为 24dB ,比较常规列车增加了大约 10dB ,在高铁隧道运行的环境中， 常规的漏缆覆盖效果差， 有的甚至无法满足网络覆盖。
( 2 ) 漏缆本身造价高， 特别是国外漏缆价格更是高昂， 这大大增加了 运营商组网成本；
( 3 ) 漏缆覆盖施工难度大， 对于隧道内布线， 通常需要机车才能将庞 大、 笨重的 漏缆拖进隧道内， 靠人力无法完成。 同时， 为了不影响漏缆的 辐射性能， 架设漏缆需要离开墙壁足够的距离， 需要大量的固定支架， 这些 无疑大大增加了施工难度和造价。
2、 电梯井和城中村的狭窄长廊
一般釆用两种覆盖方案： 其一、 釆用漏缆， 缺陷同上 （2 )、 ( 3 ) 点；
其二、 釆用定向天线覆盖方案， 比如八木天线或对数周期天线， 天线辐 射方向图单向辐射， 在覆盖范围内， 由于路径衰落影响， 近辐射区和远辐射 区的功率电平相差高达几十分贝， 造成辐射电平不够均匀。 同时， 但由于墙 壁的影响， 辐射的主波束会偏离长廊方向， 覆盖距离缩短， 且容易对其他方 向造成干扰。 另外， 对于城中村的覆盖釆用常规的定向天线， 由于大量釆用 独立的、 非集成的功分器、 耦合器， 进行功率均衡分配， 施工中 "回线" 情 况严重， 不但额外增大了馈线的损耗， 也为布线增加了额外负担。
【发明内容】
本发明的目的在于为各种狭窄长廊提供更为综合有效的移动通信覆盖 方案， 因而提出一种廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统， 改善廊道覆盖工程的覆盖 效果、 施工难度以及施工成本。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种适用于前述系统的耦合辐射单元。 为实现该目的， 本发明釆用如下技术方案：
本发明的廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统， 用于在廊道环境中完成移动通 信信号的覆盖， 其包括： 射频电缆， 沿廊道的纵长方向布设， 用于传输信 号， 具有若干间隔分布的接入节点； 信号源， 用于向射频电缆发送或接收 信号； 对应每一接入节点设有一耦合辐射单元， 该耦合辐射单元用于将经 过射频电缆的信号在接入节点所处有限范围的空间进行覆盖。
所述耦合辐射单元包括： 双向辐射天线， 用于完成空间中的双向信号 覆盖； 定向耦合器， 用于在双向辐射天线与射频电缆之间耦合信号； 所述 双向辐射天线与定向耦合器共同集成于同一金属底板上。
所述耦合辐射单元还包括双频合路器， 用于对两个频段的信号进行合 路； 所述双向辐射天线包括两个分属不同频段的辐射元件； 信号上行时， 来自空间的信号经双向辐射天线的两个辐射元件接收后， 经定向耦合器耦 合， 由合路器进行合路传输给射频电缆； 信号下行时， 射频电缆的信号经 该合路器分路后， 经定向耦合器耦合到双向辐射天线的两个辐射元件中， 由两个辐射元件向空间发射。
所述耦合器形成于金属底板上， 其一侧设有形成于金属底板上的所述 双频合路器， 另一侧竖立一介质基板， 该介质基板印制有所述双向辐射天 线。
所述耦合辐射单元设有悬挂于廊道周壁的悬挂件。
较佳的， 所述若干接入节点呈等距设置。 所述定向耦合器的耦合系数 与该定向耦合器距信号源的距离成正比。 所述信号源为直放站、 宏基站、 微基站、 射频拉远单元中任意之一。 所述两个频段的范围分别为 790〜960MHz和 1710〜2700MHz。 所述信号源个数为两个， 置于所述射频 电缆的两端进行双向信号传输。
与现有技术相比， 本发明具有如下优点： 本发明设计简单， 以射频电 缆与一体化的耦合辐射单元相结合， 取代传统的泄漏电缆， 在造价上大幅 下降， 能预期取得商业上的巨大成功； 而且由于射频电缆的重量相对泄漏 电缆大大减轻， 兼可分段接入， 更具有便于施工的特点； 通过合理设定接 入节点的距离， 可以使系统的覆盖性能均勾良好； 此外一体化的耦合辐射 单元可与墙壁共型， 具有低风阻的优点。 【附图说明】
图 1为现有技术中利用泄漏电缆进行廊道覆盖的示意图；
图 2 为本发明廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统的适用于单频的耦合辐射单 元的结构示意图；
图 3 为本发明廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统的适用于双频的耦合辐射单 元的结构示意图；
图 4为本发明廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统在 500米长公路隧道的应用实 例示意图；
图 5为本发明廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统在 1000米长公路隧道的应用 实例示意图；
图 6为本发明廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统在 500米长高铁隧道的应用实 例示意图；
图 7为本发明廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统在 1000米长高铁隧道的应用 实例示意图。 【具体实施方式】
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步的说明：
结合图 4至图 7 , 本发明的廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统包括信号源 2、 射频电缆 4、 一体化的耦合辐射单元 3。
所述的信号源 2 ,为直放站、宏基站、微基站、射频拉远单元（指 RRU ) 等中继设备中任意一种， 用于向射频电缆 4发送移动通信系统基站下行的 信号， 或者经由射频电缆 4接收移动台上行的信号并传输给基站处理。
所述的射频电缆 4 , 被分为多段， 在本实施例中被分为等距离的多段， 例如每段长 250米， 段与段之间即构成一个接入节点 P , 其用于传输上行 信号或下行信号。
所述的耦合辐射单元 3 , 既可适应单频段设计， 也可适应双频段设计。 如图 2所示的单频的耦合辐射单元 3 , 包括一形成有定向耦合器 32的 金属底板 30、一悬挂件 35 ,以及一形成有双向辐射天线 33的介质基板 330。 所述悬挂件 35与金属底板 30固定连接， 以便耦合辐射单元 3可以通过该 悬挂件 35 , 整体被悬挂在廊道周壁上； 所述定向耦合器 32在金属底板 30 上直接形成， 金属底板 30在定向耦合器 32的一侧竖立设置所述带双向辐 射天线 33的介质基板 330。 下行信号经定向耦合器 32耦合给所述双向辐 射天线 33的辐射元件 331 , 再由该双向辐射天线 33向空中辐射， 反之， 上行信号被双向辐射天线 33的辐射元件 331接收后， 被耦合器 32耦合进 上行链路， 完成信号的上行。
如图 3所示的双频的耦合辐射单元 3 , 区别于前者， 其适用于双频场 合。 其与单频段耦合辐射单元 3 (图 2 )的区别在于， 其在金属底板 30上， 在定向耦合器 32的相对介质基板 330的一侧设置一双频合路器 3 1 , 而介 质基板 330上的双向辐射天线 33 包括有两个辐射元件 331、 332 , 分别对 应于高频和低频两种频段信号。信号下行时，经合路器 31分路后被定向耦 合器 32耦合到双向辐射天线 33的两个辐射元件 331、 332 , 并经由它们向 空中覆盖， 反之， 上行信号经两个辐射元件 331、 332接收后， 被定向耦合 器 32耦合给双频合路器 31完成合路后，馈入上行链路以完成信号的上行。 "双频" 所述两个频段的范围分别为 790〜960MHz和 1710〜2700MHz。
结合图 2、 图 4至图 7 , 对于单频段应用而言， 移动通信系统的基站的 下行信号被信号源 2接收后， 从信号源 2出发， 交替经过多段射频电缆和 多个耦合辐射单元 3 , 沿整条射频电缆 4传输， 在每个接入节点 P (未在 图中标示）处， 由耦合辐射单元 3中的定向耦合器 32将下行信号耦合至双 向辐射天线 33 , 然后经该双向辐射天线 33向有限范围内的空间环境中辐 射， 在廊道中的移动台由此便能接收到下行信号。
同理，上行信号自廊道中移动台发射并被双向辐射天线 33接收后， 经 定向耦合器 32耦合后进入射频电缆 4, 然后经多段射频电缆 4向信号源 2 继续上行， 最终由信号源 2将信号传送至移动通信系统的基站进行处理。
结合图 3至图 7 , 对于双频段应用而言， 信号在下行或上行时， 均需 经过双频合路器 31分别进行分路或合路， 因此， 定向耦合器 32与射频电 缆 4之间并非直连， 而需经过该双频合路器 31。
考虑到信号在整条射频电缆 4中直接传输会出现一定的衰减， 故而通 过配置各个定向耦合器 32的耦合系数弥补此一不足，具体是在施工时，根 据射频电缆 4的衰减特性和接入节点 P间的距离， 测算并设置定向耦合器 32的具体耦合系数， 其测算方法为本领域技术人员所公知。
本发明所称的射频电缆 4, 优选的， 可釆用同轴电缆， 其造价较之泄 漏电缆大大降低。
结合 4至图 7 , 考虑到射频电缆 4的有效传输距离， 在普通公路隧道 中， 本发明的廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统所釆用整条射频电缆 4的总长度 不宜超过 500米（参阅图 4 ), 在 500米以内设置可以以 125米或 250米为 距设置多个接入节点 P。 而在图 5所示的 1000米以内的情况时， 则可以进 一步在整条射频电缆 4的另一端增设信号源 2以加强射频电缆 4中的信号 传输质量。
适应高铁的高速影响信号的特点， 对于高铁隧道达到 500米以上的， 可以在射频电缆 4两端均设置信号源 （参阅图 6 ), 而对于达到 1000米以 上的高铁隧道， 可以以 500米为单位， 每一单位设置两个信号源 2, 相邻 的两个信号源釆用合路器进行合路（参阅图 7 )。 由此种种基于本发明所做 综上所述，本发明的廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统结构简单、造价低廉、 施工方便、 性能可靠。
但是， 本领域的普通技术人员应当理解， 仍然可以对本发明进行修改或者 等同替换； 而一切不脱离本发明的精神和范围的技术方案及其改进， 其均 应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统， 用于在廊道环境中完成移动通 信信号的覆盖， 其特征在于， 其包括：
射频电缆， 沿廊道的纵长方向布设， 用于传输信号， 具有若干间隔分 布的接入节点；
信号源， 用于向射频电缆发送或接收信号；
对应每一接入节点设有一耦合辐射单元， 该耦合辐射单元用于将经过 射频电缆的信号在接入节点所处有限范围的空间进行覆盖。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统， 其特征在于， 所述耦合辐射单元包括：
双向辐射天线， 用于完成空中的双向信号覆盖， 具有对于各种墙壁反 射不敏感的特性；
定向耦合器， 用于在双向辐射天线与射频电缆之间耦合信号； 所述双向辐射天线与定向耦合器共同集成于同一金属底板上。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统， 其特征在于， 所述耦合辐射单元还包括双频合路器， 用于对两个频段的信号进行合路； 所述双向辐射天线包括两个分属不同频段的辐射元件； 信号上行时， 来自 空间的信号经双向辐射天线的两个辐射元件接收后， 经定向耦合器耦合， 由合路器进行合路传输给射频电缆； 信号下行时， 射频电缆的信号经该合 路器分路后， 经定向耦合器耦合到双向辐射天线的两个辐射元件中， 由两 个辐射元件向空间发射。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统， 其特征在于， 所述耦合器形成于金属底板上， 其一侧设有形成于金属底板上的所述双频 合路器， 另一侧竖立一介质基板， 该介质基板印制有所述双向辐射天线。
5、 根据权利要求 1 至 4 中任意一项所述的廊道移动通信覆盖分布系 统， 其特征在于， 所述耦合辐射单元设有悬挂于廊道周壁的悬挂件。
6、 根据权利要求 1 至 4 中任意一项所述的廊道移动通信覆盖分布系 统， 其特征在于： 所述若干接入节点呈等距设置。
7、 根据权利要求 1 至 4 中任意一项所述的廊道移动通信覆盖分布系 统， 其特征在于： 所述信号源为直放站、 宏基站、 微基站、 射频拉远单元 中任意之一。
8、 根据权利要求 3所述的廊道移动通信覆盖分布系统， 其特征在于： 所述两个频段的范围分别为 790〜960MHz和 1710〜2700MHz。
9、 根据权利要求 1 至 3 中任意一项所述的廊道移动通信覆盖分布系 统， 其特征在于， 所述信号源个数为两个， 置于所述射频电缆的两端进行 双向信号传输。
10、 一种耦合辐射单元， 其特征在于， 所述耦合辐射单元包括： 双向辐射天线， 用于完成空中的双向信号覆盖， 具有对于各种墙壁反 射不敏感的特性；
定向耦合器， 用于在双向辐射天线与射频电缆之间耦合信号； 所述双向辐射天线与定向耦合器共同集成于同一金属底板上。
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