WO2012069761A1 - Dispositif et procédé de mesure de la perméabilité a l'air d'un bâtiment - Google Patents
Dispositif et procédé de mesure de la perméabilité a l'air d'un bâtiment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012069761A1 WO2012069761A1 PCT/FR2011/052731 FR2011052731W WO2012069761A1 WO 2012069761 A1 WO2012069761 A1 WO 2012069761A1 FR 2011052731 W FR2011052731 W FR 2011052731W WO 2012069761 A1 WO2012069761 A1 WO 2012069761A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- duct
- closure
- building
- pressure difference
- degree
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009432 framing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010200 validation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/08—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates
- F24F13/10—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers
- F24F13/14—Air-flow control members, e.g. louvres, grilles, flaps or guide plates movable, e.g. dampers built up of tilting members, e.g. louvre
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
- G01N15/0826—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample and measuring fluid flow rate, i.e. permeation rate or pressure change
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/0001—Control or safety arrangements for ventilation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/24—Means for preventing or suppressing noise
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F7/00—Ventilation
- F24F7/007—Ventilation with forced flow
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M3/00—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
- G01M3/02—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
- G01M3/26—Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by measuring rate of loss or gain of fluid, e.g. by pressure-responsive devices, by flow detectors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/40—Pressure, e.g. wind pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
- F24F2221/20—Details or features not otherwise provided for mounted in or close to a window
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a device and a method for measuring the air permeability of all or part of a building.
- a device conventionally used by certified organizations to measure the air permeability of a building is the fan door device comprising a false door which is connected to a fan and adjustable to the current door or window openings.
- the fan is equipped with a variable speed motor, so as to adapt to the range of flow rates required.
- the device also includes electronic measuring devices, which are connected to a computer provided for calculating permeability quantities from the measured values.
- This known device is heavy, bulky and difficult to install by a single operator.
- this device since it includes many electronic devices, among which we can mention the speed controller motor, measuring devices or computer, this device is fragile, which is penalizing for its use on a building site.
- the invention intends to remedy more particularly by proposing a device making it possible to evaluate in a simple and rapid way the air permeability of a building or a part of a building, this device being both sturdy and lightweight.
- a device making it possible to evaluate in a simple and rapid way the air permeability of a building or a part of a building, this device being both sturdy and lightweight.
- the purpose of these self-checks is to check, before the official validation by a certified body, that the structure is generally compliant with the required thresholds in terms of watertightness.
- the subject of the invention is a device for measuring the air permeability of at least part of a building, comprising:
- a sealed duct open at both ends, a first end of the duct being intended to open into the building part while the second end of the duct is intended to open out of the building,
- a motor-fan including a rotary air suction member is disposed in the conduit with its axis of rotation substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the duct,
- an adjustable shutter member of the duct which is adapted to locally vary the air passage section in the duct, this closure member being continuously adjustable between a minimum duct shut-off configuration and a duct configuration; total closure of the duct, and means for determining the degree of closure of the conduit by the closure member for a reference pressure difference and means for determining, from this degree of closure for the reference pressure difference, either corresponding air flow in the duct, that is to say a magnitude representative of the air permeability of the building part.
- the shutter member is adapted to vary locally the air passage section in the duct upstream of the air intake member of the motor fan;
- the closure member is adapted to vary locally the air passage section in the duct downstream of the air intake member of the motor fan;
- the means for determining the degree of closure of the duct by the closure member for the reference pressure difference are visual means or equivalent means, in particular means comprising, outside the duct, a slider moving in a graduation when adjusting the closure member, or means comprising an electronic sensor of the degree of closure disposed in the conduit, in particular an electronic angle sensor when the shutter member is a shutter swivel;
- the cursor may in particular be formed by a lever for actuating the shutter member between the minimum shutter configuration and the total shutter configuration, this lever moving, during an adjustment, in a graduation;
- the means for determining, based on the degree of closure for the reference pressure difference, the air flow rate in the duct, or a quantity representative of the air permeability are advantageously determination means which correspond directly between the degree of closure on the one hand and the air flow rate or the quantity of air permeability, on the other hand, in particular an abacus or a table of correspondence, or a database of correspondence between the degree of closure, on the one hand, and the air flow or the size of the air permeability, on the other hand, which can be pre-programmed in a calculator;
- the device comprises means for determining a magnitude representative of the air permeability of the building part from the degree of closure for the reference pressure difference, which are visual means comprising at least one abacus establishing, for the reference pressure difference, a relationship between the degree of closure of the conduit by the closure member, a dimension characteristic of the building portion, and a magnitude representative of the air permeability of the part of building;
- the device comprises means for determining the air flow rate from the degree of closure for the reference pressure difference, as well as means for calculating a magnitude representative of the air permeability of the portion of the building from the airflow;
- the device comprises means for determining the air flow rate from the degree of closure for the reference pressure difference, which are visual means comprising at least one abacus establishing, for the reference pressure difference, a relationship between the degree of closure of the duct by the closure member and the flow of air in the duct;
- the shutter member is adapted to locally vary the air passage section in the conduit symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation of the air intake member of the motor fan;
- the closure member is a pivoting flap disposed in the duct and pivotable about an axis transverse to the longitudinal axis of the duct between a minimum shutter position of the duct and a total shutter position duct;
- the pivoting flap In the minimum closed position of the duct, the pivoting flap is oriented substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the duct, while in the closed position of the duct, the pivoting flap is oriented transversely to the axis longitudinal duct; -
- the device comprises an actuating lever of the pivoting flap between the minimum closed position and the total closure position, this handle being secured to the pivot axis of the pivoting flap;
- the shutter member is a diaphragm adjustable section disposed in the conduit with the central axis of the diaphragm substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the conduit;
- the fan motor does not have an electronic speed variator
- the means for measuring the pressure difference comprise a differential pressure gauge to which two air intake pipes are connected, respectively, inside the building part and outside the building;
- the device comprises a panel adapted to be fixed, in a sealed and removable manner, in an opening of the building portion opening to the outside of the building, this panel comprising a duct passage sleeve;
- the device comprises means for sealing cooperation between the sleeve and the conduit comprising a resilient sleeve adapted to be received in an outer peripheral groove of the conduit;
- the device comprises means for holding two air intake pipes, belonging to the means for measuring the pressure difference, on either side of the external peripheral groove of the duct;
- the device comprises a sealed and removable mounting frame of the panel in an opening of the building part, the frame being constituted by a plurality of profiles able to be assembled with each other in a reversible manner;
- the device comprises a conduit support frame and means for measuring the pressure difference, this frame being provided with wheels.
- the invention also relates to a method for measuring the air permeability of at least a part of a building by means of a device as described above, comprising successive steps in which: the duct is positioned in a sealed manner in an opening of the building part opening outwardly of the building, so that a first end of the duct opens into the interior of the building part and the second end of the duct exit to the outside of the building, and shut off all other openings in the building portion that open out of the building;
- the closure member is adjusted in its total closure configuration of the duct and it is verified that the pressure difference measured between the inside of the building part and the outside of the building is substantially zero;
- the closure member is actuated, from its total closure configuration of the duct, progressively towards its minimum duct closing configuration, until it reaches a measured value of the pressure difference equal to the difference in reference pressure;
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a permeability measuring device according to the invention.
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the device of Figure 1 set up in an opening of a room of which it is desired to measure the air permeability, the device being seen from inside the building;
- FIG. 3 is a view of the device according to the arrow III of Figure 2;
- FIG. 4 is a cross-section along the line IV-IV of FIG.
- FIG. 5 is a view of the device according to the arrow V of Figure 2;
- - Figure 6 is an abacus which is part of the device of Figure 1;
- - Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 5 for a variant of the permeability measuring device;
- Figure 8 is a view similar to Figure 5 for another variant of the permeability measuring device.
- the device 1, shown in Figures 1 to 5, is intended for measuring the air permeability of a room, corresponding to all or part of a building.
- insulated rooms of a building can be measured separately by means of the device 1.
- each apartment can be measured separately.
- the device 1 comprises a sealed conduit 2, centered on a longitudinal axis X 2, which is formed by the succession of several pipe sections secured to one another.
- one of the sections of the duct 2 is formed by a ferrule 31 of a motor-fan 3, which is centered on the axis X 2 and inside which are arranged a propeller 33 and a motor 35 of the fan motor.
- the propeller 33 which allows the suction of air in the direction of the arrow F of Figure 4, is disposed in the conduit 2 with its axis of rotation X 3 coincides with the longitudinal axis X2 of the duct.
- the fan motor 3 also comprises a terminal box 37 which carries a switch 39 for starting the motor-fan and to which is connected a power supply cable 10 of the motor-fan.
- the motor of the fan motor can be offset on the outer periphery of the shell, for example in the vicinity of the terminal box 37, which increases the compactness in the direction of the longitudinal axis X2.
- the motor 35 of the motor-fan is devoid of a variable speed drive.
- the motor-fan 3 is intended to generate a pressurization or a mechanical depressurization of the room of which it is desired to measure the permeability.
- the fan motor 3 is chosen with a maximum flow rate value adapted to the type of room whose watertightness is to be measured, in particular the maximum flow rate value of the fan motor must be all the higher as the Local volume is important.
- an appropriate value of the maximum flow rate of the fan motor 3 is of the order of 1750 m 3 / h at 50 Pa.
- the body 41 is centered on the longitudinal axis X2 of the duct.
- a disk-shaped flap 43 is arranged inside the body 41. This flap 43 is pivotally mounted in the body 41 about an axis X4 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis X2 of the duct, where the pivot axis X extends along a diameter of the pivoting flap 43.
- the device 1 For actuation of pivoting of the pivoting flap 43 about the X axis 4 from outside the body 41, the device 1 comprises a handle 5, clearly visible in Figure 5, which is integral with the pivot axis X the pivoting flap.
- the pivoting flap 43 is adjustable, by means of the lever 5, between a minimum closing position P1 of the duct 2, in which it is oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis X2, and a position P2 of closing the duct 2 completely. in which it is oriented perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis X2.
- the pivoting flap 43 is thus adapted to vary locally the air passage section in the duct 2 upstream of the propeller 33 of the fan motor 3.
- this section variation operates symmetrically with respect to the axis of rotation X 3 of the propeller 33. arrangement, which respects the axial symmetry of the device, makes it possible to preserve the stability of the flow of air in the duct 2 during the pivoting of the pivoting flap 43.
- the distance e, taken parallel to the longitudinal axis X 2 of the duct, between the fan motor 3 and the shutter pivoting 43, when it is in its position P1 minimum shutter, is minimized. This limits the size of the device 1 in the direction of the axis X2.
- the handle 5 comprises a portion 51 in the form of arrow which moves, when actuating the pivoting of the pivoting flap 43, in a graduation 6 provided for this purpose on a hood of the device.
- the graduation 6 can for example be obtained by bringing a sticker with the graduation on the cover.
- the graduation 6 makes it possible to determine visually, as a function of the position of the lever 5, the degree of closure of the duct 2 by the pivoting flap 43 represented by the pivoting angle of the pivoting flap 43, between 0 ° and 90 ° .
- the pivoting flap 43 When the portion 51 of the handle 5 is aimed at a 0 ° angle on the graduation 6, the pivoting flap 43 is in its position P2 total closure of the duct 2. When the portion 51 of the handle 5 is aimed at a 90 ° angle on the graduation 6, the pivoting flap 43 is in its position P1 minimum shutter duct 2.
- the two positions P1 and P2 of the pivoting flap 43 are shown in dashed lines in Figure 5, it being understood that the position of the joystick 5 in this figure corresponds to the position P2.
- the lever 5 also comprises a pin 53 for locking the lever, and thus pivoting the pivoting flap 43.
- the body 41 of the register 4 is assembled, at each of its two ends, with a shouldered collar 22 or 24 for joining with adjacent duct sections.
- the assembly of each ferrule 22 or 24 with the corresponding end of the body 41 is sealed by the presence of an O-ring 21 or 23 on the outer periphery of the body 41.
- the ferrule 22 located downstream of the body 41 is assembled with the ferrule 31 of the motor-fan 3, by fastening at their respective shoulders.
- the surface contact between the shoulders of the two rings 22 and 31 ensures the tightness of the assembly.
- the ferrule 24 located upstream of the body 41 and the ferrule 31 of the motor-fan 3 are each connected to a partially meshed end plate, respectively 27 and 28, each time by joining between a shoulder of the ferrule and a solid portion. end plate.
- the surface contact between the shoulder and the solid part of the end plate ensures the tightness of the assembly.
- the end plates 27 and 28 form the end sections of the duct 2.
- the duct 2 must be positioned with the downstream end 2B which opens into the room and the upstream end 2A which opens outside the room.
- the device 1 also comprises a differential pressure gauge 9 for measuring the pressure difference ⁇ between the interior of the room whose watertightness is to be measured and the outside of the building.
- the pressure gauge 9 is chosen with a precision making it possible to measure pressure differences within ⁇ 2 Pa in the range of 0 Pa to 60 Pa.
- the manometer 9 is with an analogue display.
- an analog manometer is preferred because of its robustness and ease of use. In particular, no calibration is necessary for an analog manometer.
- the pressure gauge 9 is fixed outside the duct 2, with its dial 91 located near the lever 5 for actuating the pivoting flap 43.
- Two flexible intake pipes 7 and 8 respectively inside the room and outside the building, are connected to the input terminals of the pressure gauge 9, as shown schematically in FIG.
- the device 1 comprises a frame 1 1 on which are fixed the end plates 27 and 28 of the duct 2 and the pressure gauge 9. More precisely, as shown in FIG. 1, the end plates 27 and 28 are fixed on two opposite sides of the frame 1 1, while the gauge is fixed on a hood of the frame 1 1, near the lever 5 for actuating the pivoting flap 43.
- 1 1 chassis is provided with wheels 12 and a handle 13 for easy handling and movement of the device 1, in particular by a single operator.
- the frame 1 1 also includes a basket 14, located below the conduit 2, wherein the air intake pipes 7 and 8 can advantageously be folded when the device 1 is not used for a permeability measurement.
- each pipe passes through an orifice of one of the two end plates 27 and 28, while being held in position. inside this orifice by static friction.
- the pipe 7 connected to the "low pressure" terminal of the manometer 9 passes into an orifice 273 of the end plate 27 situated upstream, whereas the pipe 8 connected to the terminal " high pressure "of the manometer 9 passes through a port 283 of the end plate 28 located downstream, always considering the direction F of air flow through the motor fan 3.
- the device also comprises, as can be seen in FIG. 2, a panel 15 designed to be fixed in a sealed and removable manner, by means of a mounting frame 19, in an opening of a room whose sealing is to be measured at means of the device 1.
- the aforementioned opening must be connected to the outside of the building. This may be, in particular, a door opening such as the opening 101 of the local 100.
- the panel 15 comprises a flexible and waterproof membrane 16, which is provided with a transparent window 16a according to the standard in force.
- the membrane 16 may be formed by a membrane marketed by Saint-Gobain Isover in the range VARIO DUPLEX, in which the porthole 16a was arranged.
- the panel 15 also comprises a sealed sleeve 17, advantageously made of resinous fabric, which is sewn on the membrane 16.
- the sleeve 17 is provided, near its free end, with an elastic 171 which extends over its entire contour .
- This elastic band 171 is capable of being received in two grooves 271 and 281, formed respectively on the outer periphery of the end plate 27 and on the outer periphery of the end plate 28 of the duct 2, in order to ensure cooperation sealed between the conduit 2 and the sleeve 17.
- the frame 19 provided for the tight fitting of the panel 15 in an opening is a frame of adjustable dimensions, consisting of a plurality of aluminum profiles.
- This type of frame is well known and commonly used for measuring the air permeability of buildings.
- the profiles of the frame 19 are adapted to be snapped relative to each other, so as to form the two uprights and the two cross members of the frame.
- a median crossmember of the frame, not shown in FIG. 2 may advantageously be provided in addition to the two upper and lower crosspieces, in order to avoid any deformation of the membrane near the ventilation equipment when the duct 2 is in position. place in the sleeve 17.
- a cam system makes it possible to adjust the dimensions of the frame 19 in the frame of the opening.
- the membrane 16 of the panel 15 is compressed between the frame of the opening and the profiles forming the outline of the frame 19.
- velcro ribbons are provided on the membrane 16.
- the panel 15 and the frame 19 can be, respectively, folded and dismounted so as to have a minimum size.
- the panel 15 when folded can be housed in the basket 14 of the frame.
- the entire device 1 is thus easily manageable and movable, in particular by a single operator.
- such a measurement method may involve either a depressurization or a pressurization of the room of which it is desired to measure the seal.
- a depressurization or a pressurization of the room In what follows, an example of measurement with depressurization of the room is described.
- the room whose sealing is to be measured must be configured to react to pressurization or depressurization as a single zone. In particular, all the communication doors inside the room must be open in order to maintain a uniform pressure.
- a method of measuring the air permeability of the local 100 of Figure 2 by means of the device 1 comprises steps as described below.
- the panel 15 is then installed in a sealed manner in the door opening 101 by means of the mounting frame 19.
- the membrane 16 of the panel 15 is deployed on the ground and to fix the frame 19, obtained by assembling of its various constituent sections, on the surface of the membrane 16 by means of Velcro provided for this purpose.
- the diaphragm 16 provided with the frame 19 is then positioned in the frame of the opening 101, and the dimensions of the uprights and crosspieces of the frame 19 are adjusted so as to obtain a tight attachment of the membrane 16 between the frame 19 and the framing of the opening 101.
- the tubes 7 and 8 for taking up internal and external pressure are then unrolled and placed on either side of the opening 101 at a distance, preferably a distance of several meters, relative to the equipment. ventilation.
- the duct 2 is then positioned in the sleeve 17 of the panel 15, so that the upstream end 2A of the duct opens into the interior of the duct. local 100 and the downstream end 2B of the conduit opens out of the building.
- care is taken that the elastic 171 of the sleeve comes into engagement with the peripheral groove 281 of the end plate 28.
- the tightness between the sleeve 17 and the duct 2 can only be obtained if the air intake pipes 7 and 8, namely the pipe 7 inside the space and the pipe 8 to the floor, are positioned correctly. outside the building. Indeed, as each of the two pipes opens an orifice 273 or 283 pierced in one of the two end plates 27 and 28 of the conduit, the two pipes are held on either side of the peripheral groove 281. As a result, a poor positioning of the pipes, that is to say an inverted positioning of the pipes, with the pipe 7 outside the building and the pipe 8 inside the space 100, or a positioning of the pipes. pipes where they are both on the same side, prevents the engagement of the elastic 171 of the sleeve in the groove 281 of the conduit. This arrangement thus acts as a polarizer, which limits the risk of misuse of the device 1.
- the fan motor 3 is then turned on by means of the switch 39, and the pivoting flap 43 is placed in its position P2 of closing the duct 2 completely by means of the lever 5.
- the pressure difference ⁇ measured by the pressure gauge 9 between the interior of the room 100 and the outside of the building is substantially zero, within ⁇ 2 Pa, for a period of at least 30 seconds.
- the corresponding value of the degree of closure is determined visually by means of the portion 51 of the handle 5 which is aimed at a value in the graduation 6.
- Abacuses, such as the chart 6 'shown in FIG. 6, are then used to deduce the value of a quantity representative of the air permeability of the local 100.
- the value of the Q 4Pa_ surfing indicator shall be less than or equal to 0.6 m 3 / (hm 2 ).
- V volume flow rate of air through a leakage fault, or leakage rate
- V C (AP) n (I),
- the volume flow V50 is directly related to the degree of closure of the duct 2 by the pivoting flap 43 visually determined by the portion 51 of the handle 5; the total area of cold walls A PF of the room is known; and the value of the exponent n can be evaluated empirically for each type of room, especially when the room is a new detached house, we can take a value of the exponent n equal to 0.6, which is the value the more penalizing.
- parameterized charts can be drawn which establish, for the reference pressure difference ⁇ ⁇ , a relation between the degree of closure, the cold wall surface A PF and the indicator Q 4Pa _ surf , as shown by the chart 6 'of FIG.
- the chart 6 makes it possible to determine the leakage rate under 4 Pa divided by the surface of cold walls, Q APa _ sutf , which is used in particular for the BBC-Effinergie label.
- the device according to the invention may comprise, instead of or in addition to an abacus to determine Q 4Pa_ surf , abacuses for determining other quantities representative of the air permeability, such as the
- V heated which is used in particular for Passivhaus or Minergie-P labels.
- the device according to the invention may comprise a calculation unit programmed with an algorithm involving, for one or for each of several quantities representative of the air permeability such that the quantities QAPasurf and n 5o, an equation expressing the magnitude representative of the air permeability as a function of input data to be provided by a user.
- One of the input data to be provided for the algorithm is either the degree of closure of the conduit 2 by the pivoting flap 43, or directly the volume flow V5Q corresponding whose value is derived from the calibration.
- the calculation unit is made from a conventional programmable computer capable of executing instructions recorded on an information recording medium.
- the calculation unit can be programmed with an algorithm using the equation (III) above expressing the QAPasurf indicator or the exponent n is taken equal to 0.6, that is, to say the most penalizing value.
- the input data to be provided for the algorithm are then: the cold wall surface A PF of the room, and either the degree of closure of the duct 2 by the pivoting flap 43, or directly the corresponding volume flow V5Q.
- the calculation unit is provided to output the value of the quantity Q 4Pa _ mrf .
- the calculation unit can be programmed with an algorithm using the equation (IV) above expressing the indicator n 50 .
- the input data to be provided for the algorithm are then: the heated volume of the room, and either the degree of closure of the duct 2 by the pivoting flap 43, or directly the corresponding volume flow rate V50, the unit of calculation being provided for supplying, as output, the value of the variable n 5 o
- the input data to be provided for the algorithm may also include a maximum allowable target value for the magnitude representative of the air permeability, this maximum allowable value being for example defined by a standard.
- the calculation unit can then be provided to provide, at the output, an OK / NOK message indicating whether the calculated value of the magnitude representative of the air permeability is well below or equal to the targeted maximum allowable value.
- FIGS. 7 and 8 illustrate two variants of the device 1, in which a calculator 71 as mentioned above, of the programmable calculator type, is integrated on the cover of the device in the vicinity of the lever 5 for actuating the pivoting of the shutter 43
- the computer 71 comprises a display screen and a keyboard.
- the computer 71 is disposed directly on the device cover with a punching thereof.
- the computer 71 is disposed in a housing 37 ', which replaces the terminal box 37 of the embodiment of Figure 5 and which includes the computer 71, the switch 39 to start the machine. motor-fan and the power supply of the motor-fan.
- the device 1 is easily reversible.
- a device has many advantages: its simplicity and speed of implementation; the fact that it is transportable and installable by a single operator; optimization in terms of weight, size, number of components, and therefore cost; its improved robustness compared to devices of the state of the art, in particular by limiting the presence of electronic devices, or even in the absence of electronic devices as in the embodiment of Figures 1 to 6; its autonomy, since no computer or complementary graphic interface is required to determine the value of a quantity representative of the air permeability; its reversibility, which allows at the same time measurements by pressurization and measurements by depressurization of the room, by a simple reversal of the conduit of the device.
- the pivoting flap 43 may be replaced by any other type of closure member, in particular by a diaphragm centered on the longitudinal axis of the duct, or by a flap with a rounded head movable sliding relative to a seat corresponding parallel to the longitudinal axis of the duct.
- the shutter member is chosen so that the section variation resulting from its actuation between the minimum shutter configuration and the total shutter configuration does not break the axial symmetry of the conduit.
- the closure member may, according to the invention, be arranged in the conducted either upstream or downstream of the air intake member of the motor-fan.
- the pivoting flap 43 could be located in the duct 2 downstream of the propeller 33 of the motor-fan 3, considering the direction F of air circulation through the fan motor 3 , instead of being located upstream of the propeller 33.
- the means for determining the degree of closure of the duct by the closure member for the reference pressure difference may comprise, instead of a joystick as in the previous examples, an electronic sensor for measuring the degree of shutter disposed in the duct, in particular an electronic angle sensor when the shutter member is a pivoting flap.
- Actuation of the adjustment of the closure member to vary the air passage section in the conduit can also be obtained in an automated manner using an electronic device, instead of being obtained manually.
- the means for determining the degree of closure associated with such an automated actuation system for adjusting the shutter member may then be visual means or equivalent means, in particular a moving cursor, during the adjustment of the shutter member. shutter member, in a graduation, or means of type electronic sensor for measuring the degree of closure as mentioned above.
- the constituent materials of the various elements of the conduit of the device may also be varied in nature, provided they are sealed.
- the duct sections 22, 24, 27, 28, 31 and 41 may be made of metal, for example aluminum or galvanized steel, or a waterproof resin.
- an abacus of the type of the abacus 6 ' may be affixed directly to the cover of the device, opposite the arrow-shaped portion of the actuating lever of the closure member, in place of the graduation 6. This avoids having to resort to charts on paper.
- the device according to the invention can be implemented in any type of opening opening outside the building, in particular a door opening as in the previous example, a window opening, or a door opening. air connecting the interior of the room to the outside of the building.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
- Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)
- Air-Flow Control Members (AREA)
- Testing Of Devices, Machine Parts, Or Other Structures Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP11802498.3A EP2643641A1 (fr) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-22 | Dispositif et procédé de mesure de la perméabilité a l'air d'un bâtiment |
JP2013540427A JP5977249B2 (ja) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-22 | 建物の空気透過性を測定するためのデバイスおよび方法 |
US13/988,883 US20130305814A1 (en) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-22 | Device and method for measuring the air permeability of a building |
CA2817480A CA2817480C (fr) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-22 | Dispositif et procede de mesure de la permeabilite a l'air d'un batiment |
KR1020137012758A KR101891513B1 (ko) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-22 | 빌딩의 공기 침투성을 측정하는 디바이스 및 방법 |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1004539 | 2010-11-22 | ||
FR1004539A FR2967775A1 (fr) | 2010-11-22 | 2010-11-22 | Dispositif et procede de mesure de la permeabilite a l'air d'un batiment |
FR1059648 | 2010-11-23 | ||
FR1059648A FR2967776B1 (fr) | 2010-11-22 | 2010-11-23 | Dispositif et procede de mesure de la permeabilite a l'air d'un batiment. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012069761A1 true WO2012069761A1 (fr) | 2012-05-31 |
Family
ID=44168442
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2011/052731 WO2012069761A1 (fr) | 2010-11-22 | 2011-11-22 | Dispositif et procédé de mesure de la perméabilité a l'air d'un bâtiment |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20130305814A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2643641A1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP5977249B2 (fr) |
KR (1) | KR101891513B1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2817480C (fr) |
FR (2) | FR2967775A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2012069761A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI20146037A (fi) * | 2014-11-26 | 2016-05-27 | Si Tecno Oy | Menetelmä rakennuksen eri tilojen paine-eromittausta varten |
KR101665530B1 (ko) * | 2015-03-20 | 2016-10-14 | 한국에너지기술연구원 | 건축물 기밀 진단 방법, 장비 및 블로우어 장치 |
CN107727555B (zh) * | 2017-11-03 | 2023-09-01 | 华润水泥技术研发有限公司 | 渗透系数测试装置及测试方法 |
WO2020028339A1 (fr) * | 2018-07-30 | 2020-02-06 | Soloveda Llc | Systèmes et procédés de capteurs de pression permettant le test d'une enveloppe de bâtiment |
CN109557007B (zh) * | 2018-12-05 | 2021-05-07 | 深圳市美信创景技术有限公司 | 一种可聚光且可进行粉尘含量检测的环保监测装置 |
NO20190206A1 (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2020-04-08 | Airtight As | Method and system for monitoring air leaks through a building envelope and controlling a ventilation system |
CN117516805A (zh) * | 2024-01-03 | 2024-02-06 | 建研院检测中心有限公司 | 一种建筑外门窗空气渗透量测量系统校准方法 |
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FR2481451A1 (fr) * | 1980-04-28 | 1981-10-30 | Meyers Harry | Procede et appareil de detection des fuites d'une structure |
US4631876A (en) * | 1981-06-02 | 1986-12-30 | Saum Enterprises, Inc. | Orifice metering fan device |
US6116095A (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2000-09-12 | White Consolidated Industries, Inc. | Apparatus and method for measuring air flow from a duct system |
EP1134507A2 (fr) * | 2000-03-17 | 2001-09-19 | Werner Wildeboer | Régulateur de débit |
EP1156315A2 (fr) * | 2000-05-18 | 2001-11-21 | Frank-Dietrich Prof. Dr.-Ing. Heidt | Dispositif d'essai d'étanchéité d'air d'une couverture de bâtiment |
DE10222673C1 (de) * | 2002-05-22 | 2003-11-27 | Werner Wildeboer | Volumenstromregler |
FR2859530A1 (fr) * | 2003-09-10 | 2005-03-11 | Aldes Aeraulique | Dispositif portable pour la mesure de l'etancheite a l'air d'un batiment |
DE102005060743A1 (de) * | 2005-12-16 | 2007-06-28 | Hochschule Bremen | Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Dichtigkeit eines Bauwerks |
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US4420969A (en) * | 1981-06-02 | 1983-12-20 | Saum Enterprises, Inc. | Orifice metering fan device |
US4449393A (en) * | 1981-11-16 | 1984-05-22 | Tucker Jeffrey C | Energy (test) door |
JPS57137698A (en) * | 1981-12-22 | 1982-08-25 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Blowing apparatus |
US4635469A (en) * | 1985-06-21 | 1987-01-13 | Modera Mark P | Methods and apparatus for measuring the tightness of enclosures |
JP2987412B2 (ja) * | 1990-10-19 | 1999-12-06 | 清水建設株式会社 | 気密度測定装置及びその測定方法 |
US5780722A (en) * | 1996-03-07 | 1998-07-14 | Abb Traction, Inc. | Method and apparatus for testing watertightness of a railcar |
DE10047138B4 (de) * | 2000-09-22 | 2014-07-10 | General Motors Llc ( N. D. Ges. D. Staates Delaware ) | Kühlgebläsesystem für ein Fahrzeug mit Brennstoffzellenantrieb sowie ein Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Brennstoffzellensystems |
JP2002228537A (ja) * | 2001-01-31 | 2002-08-14 | Sekisui Chem Co Ltd | 簡易気密測定方法 |
US7469547B2 (en) * | 2004-09-09 | 2008-12-30 | Siemens Building Technologies, Inc. | Arrangement for detecting the position of a damper blade using a wireless communication sensor |
TW200825397A (en) * | 2006-12-08 | 2008-06-16 | Univ Nat Taiwan Science Tech | Airtight test method and equipment thereof |
JP4255982B1 (ja) * | 2007-11-12 | 2009-04-22 | 株式会社フロント | 流量調節弁のダイヤル位置決定用スケール |
JP5319221B2 (ja) * | 2008-09-22 | 2013-10-16 | 旭化成ホームズ株式会社 | 建設途上躯体の気密検証方法 |
US20120028562A1 (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2012-02-02 | Frank Heim | Flexible air ducts with gradual inflation |
-
2010
- 2010-11-22 FR FR1004539A patent/FR2967775A1/fr active Pending
- 2010-11-23 FR FR1059648A patent/FR2967776B1/fr active Active
-
2011
- 2011-11-22 EP EP11802498.3A patent/EP2643641A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2011-11-22 JP JP2013540427A patent/JP5977249B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-11-22 KR KR1020137012758A patent/KR101891513B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2011-11-22 CA CA2817480A patent/CA2817480C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2011-11-22 US US13/988,883 patent/US20130305814A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2011-11-22 WO PCT/FR2011/052731 patent/WO2012069761A1/fr active Application Filing
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FR2481451A1 (fr) * | 1980-04-28 | 1981-10-30 | Meyers Harry | Procede et appareil de detection des fuites d'une structure |
US4631876A (en) * | 1981-06-02 | 1986-12-30 | Saum Enterprises, Inc. | Orifice metering fan device |
US6116095A (en) * | 1998-11-09 | 2000-09-12 | White Consolidated Industries, Inc. | Apparatus and method for measuring air flow from a duct system |
EP1134507A2 (fr) * | 2000-03-17 | 2001-09-19 | Werner Wildeboer | Régulateur de débit |
EP1156315A2 (fr) * | 2000-05-18 | 2001-11-21 | Frank-Dietrich Prof. Dr.-Ing. Heidt | Dispositif d'essai d'étanchéité d'air d'une couverture de bâtiment |
DE10222673C1 (de) * | 2002-05-22 | 2003-11-27 | Werner Wildeboer | Volumenstromregler |
FR2859530A1 (fr) * | 2003-09-10 | 2005-03-11 | Aldes Aeraulique | Dispositif portable pour la mesure de l'etancheite a l'air d'un batiment |
DE102005060743A1 (de) * | 2005-12-16 | 2007-06-28 | Hochschule Bremen | Vorrichtung zur Bestimmung der Dichtigkeit eines Bauwerks |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2967775A1 (fr) | 2012-05-25 |
KR20140027059A (ko) | 2014-03-06 |
US20130305814A1 (en) | 2013-11-21 |
JP5977249B2 (ja) | 2016-08-24 |
FR2967776B1 (fr) | 2012-11-16 |
FR2967776A1 (fr) | 2012-05-25 |
CA2817480C (fr) | 2019-09-10 |
CA2817480A1 (fr) | 2012-05-31 |
JP2014500494A (ja) | 2014-01-09 |
EP2643641A1 (fr) | 2013-10-02 |
KR101891513B1 (ko) | 2018-08-24 |
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