WO2012065819A1 - Procédé de fabrication de fauteuils roulants et fauteuil roulant fabriqué au moyen de ce procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de fauteuils roulants et fauteuil roulant fabriqué au moyen de ce procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012065819A1
WO2012065819A1 PCT/EP2011/068747 EP2011068747W WO2012065819A1 WO 2012065819 A1 WO2012065819 A1 WO 2012065819A1 EP 2011068747 W EP2011068747 W EP 2011068747W WO 2012065819 A1 WO2012065819 A1 WO 2012065819A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
adhesive
wheelchair
region
receiving
elements
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2011/068747
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Emilie Barriau
Eugen Bilcai
Tim Welters
Michael Knopf
Bernd Krebs
Original Assignee
Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa filed Critical Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa
Publication of WO2012065819A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012065819A1/fr

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B11/00—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding
    • F16B11/006—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding by gluing
    • F16B11/008—Connecting constructional elements or machine parts by sticking or pressing them together, e.g. cold pressure welding by gluing of tubular elements or rods in coaxial engagement
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/08—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs foldable
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G5/00—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs
    • A61G5/08—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs foldable
    • A61G5/0808—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs foldable characterised by a particular folding direction
    • A61G5/0816—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs foldable characterised by a particular folding direction folding side to side, e.g. reducing or expanding the overall width of the wheelchair
    • A61G5/0825—Chairs or personal conveyances specially adapted for patients or disabled persons, e.g. wheelchairs foldable characterised by a particular folding direction folding side to side, e.g. reducing or expanding the overall width of the wheelchair comprising a scissor-type frame, e.g. having pivoting cross bars for enabling folding
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
    • C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
    • C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
    • C08G59/4007—Curing agents not provided for by the groups C08G59/42 - C08G59/66
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L63/00—Compositions of epoxy resins; Compositions of derivatives of epoxy resins
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J163/00—Adhesives based on epoxy resins; Adhesives based on derivatives of epoxy resins

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for connecting at least two elements of a wheelchair together.
  • Object of the present invention was to provide a method for the production of adhesions to wheelchairs already, which makes it possible with little effort, that is, inter alia, with as few process steps to produce wheelchairs, the stability of the conventionally welded wheelchairs at least equal are.
  • a first subject of the present invention is therefore a method for connecting at least two elements of a wheelchair together, comprising the following method steps: a) providing a first element having a receiving region for at least partially receiving at least one second element,
  • thermosetting, non-fluid adhesive in the receiving region of the first element and / or on at least one connecting region of the second element, which at least partially receiving by the
  • connection region of the second element into the receiving region of the first element
  • the term "connecting at least two elements of a wheelchair” means both methods in which two essential components of the wheelchair are directly connected to one another, but according to the invention embodiments are also included in which one of these elements is a component that only the function is to form a connection between at least two essential components of the wheelchair and that is connected on at least one side with a substantial element of the wheelchair by the method according to the invention.
  • tubular elements may be configured with connecting areas or receiving areas, for example in the form of end sections, that the end section of the second pipe section can be inserted into the end section of the first pipe section, wherein the end section, for example, in the form of a fitting or a sleeve can be configured in particular by widening of the pipe section. It may be preferred according to the invention, if at least one of the two end portions is configured conical.
  • an adhesive is applied, the end portion of the second tube piece is introduced with the applied adhesive film in the end portion or receiving portion of the first tube piece and the adhesive is cured by heating.
  • the adhesive film is introduced into the inner region of the end portion of the first tube piece, the second tube piece in the first Pipe piece, the latter having the adhesive introduced, and then cured the adhesive by heating.
  • the adhesive may also be applied or introduced both to the end section of the second tube section and into the end section of the first tube section.
  • first element in tube form and / or the second element is formed as tubular elements in tubular form or be, wherein the tubular shape has an arbitrary cross section, such as a circular cross section, but preferably an oval or polygonal cross section.
  • the tubular elements can themselves have different geometries.
  • the tubular elements may in particular be part of a straight or curved tube, but also of a branch tube, for example in T-shape or Y-shape.
  • solid body In addition to the connection of pipe sections but also solid body can be bonded by the method according to the invention.
  • the adhesive may be applied to the end portion of the rod (connecting portion of the second member) and / or the inner portion of the recess or the through hole of the rod-receiving solid (receiving portion of the first member).
  • Kokillengussbacter an extrusion process, a continuous casting process, a centrifugal casting process, an injection molding process, a rolling process, a
  • Extrusion process and / or a die-casting process is or will be prepared.
  • At least one recess in particular in the form of a groove, in the connecting region of the first element and / or is formed in the receiving region of the second element for filling with the adhesive.
  • the at least partially insertion of the connecting region of the second element into the receiving region of the first element takes place within the scope of the steps c) according to the invention.
  • step c) of the process according to the invention can take place immediately after the application of the adhesive. However, it is also possible that there is a considerable time interval between step b) and step c) of the method according to the invention. So can
  • one of the parts to be joined are already equipped with the adhesive during its production and then stored over a longer period before the actual joining of the parts takes place.
  • an initial fixation is already achieved immediately after performing step c).
  • This initial fixation can also be achieved by a brief local heating of the adhesive, wherein the conditions of local heating are chosen so that a precuring of the adhesive takes place.
  • the local heating can be done for example by means of a heat clamp or a cuff.
  • Fixing agent is made.
  • the elements in particular on
  • connection area and / or be provided on the receiving area with appropriate recordings for the fixative may be provided with a lateral bore which is provided with a thread.
  • the screw can be screwed into the threaded bore to clamp the second element in the first element, for example, and thus to achieve a positional fixation of the two elements to each other.
  • step d) the fixation after step d) is solved, preferably the screw is replaced by another screw.
  • the adhesive is thermally cured between the first and the second element.
  • the duration of heating may be between about 1 and 120 minutes, preferably between about 5 and about 45 minutes.
  • the thermal heating can be done by different methods.
  • the nested portion of the components with a (preferably electrically) heated clamp against each other fixed, the heater of the terminal activated and thereby the nested end portions of the components are heated so that the adhesive hardens.
  • the heatable clamp can also attach a heatable sleeve or the like to the nested sections of the components or similar parts and hereby heat the nested end sections.
  • a heating by irradiation, hot air (for example, by a controlled hot air gun) or the use of induction techniques is conceivable according to the invention.
  • a thermal heating of the finished wheelchair shell is regularly carried out in order, for example, to cure powder coating coatings. This is preferably done in a heating oven.
  • a furnace for hardening the cathodic dip coating KTL or E-coat
  • the refining process comprises a material curing and / or a coating, preferably with a color layer.
  • This embodiment of the present invention is therefore based on the surprising finding that not only the advantages of bonding two elements in the production of a wheelchair can be used, but also the number of manufacturing steps can be reduced by the fact that the step of curing an adhesive by heat - Apply simultaneously with, for example, a material curing or application of a color can take place in a (coating) oven. This reduces both the time required and the costs.
  • the inventive method for bonding metals such as
  • steel aluminum optionally with Scandiumzusatz or titanium, wood, ceramics, plastics, fiber composites, such as carbon fiber reinforced plastics or aramid fiber reinforced plastics, or ferrites suitable.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a portion of the frame of a
  • FIG. 2a shows a perspective view of a connection of a side frame tube
  • Figure 2b is a perspective view of a compound of a side frame tube and a backrest tube of a wheelchair according to the invention, without
  • Figure 3a is a perspective view of a cross brace of a wheelchair according to the invention.
  • Figure 3b is a partial exploded view of the crossbar of Figure 3a.
  • FIG. 1 shows a portion of a frame of a wheelchair according to the invention, which is formed as a folding wheelchair, wherein the wheelchair frame carries the reference numeral 1.
  • This wheelchair frame 1 in turn comprises two side frame tubes 2a, 2b, two
  • connection between the side frame tube 2a and the backrest tube 3a and the side frame tube 3b and the backrest tube 3b can be made in a method according to the invention, as described in detail with reference to Figures 2a and 2b explained.
  • each of the cross struts 4a, 4b can be manufactured in a method according to the invention, as will be explained with reference to FIGS. 3a and 3b.
  • FIG. 2 a shows a side frame tube connecting element 10 to which a side frame tube (not shown) can be connected and a backrest tube 3 is connected.
  • the backrest tube 3 as well as the side frame tube each represents a first element, which can receive a connection region of the tube connecting element 10 at least partially as a second element by means of a receiving region.
  • the pipe connection element 10 is in this case formed with a groove (not shown) into which an adhesive 20 is introduced.
  • the unit of the first elements and the second element is provided with a color layer and introduced into a coating oven, not shown, in which the color layer is dried and at the same time the structural foam is cured.
  • An oval cross-sectional shape of the elements also facilitates the adjustment.
  • a fixation of the elements in the coating oven, for example by screwing, may be helpful.
  • FIG. 3a shows a cross brace 40, with its two side elements, namely in the form of a seat tube receptacle 40a and a fork 40b for a wheel axle receptacle, as shown in FIG.
  • the middle part between the seat tube receptacle 40a and the fork 40b in turn consists of three cross strut elements 41, 42, 43, as shown in Figure 3b.
  • These elements have been combined in a process according to the invention.
  • the connection between these three elements 41, 42, 43 on the one hand and the seat tube receptacle 40a and the fork 40b on the other hand can be produced in each case in a method according to the invention.
  • the production per se does not differ from that with reference to FIG. 2a described production.
  • the simultaneous curing of an adhesive and application of a paint in a coating oven is particularly preferred in order to save costs and time during production. It should also be pointed out that the individual elements of the cross strut 40 can be produced in the chill casting due to the gluing of the same, since the gluing makes less stringent demands on tolerances.
  • epoxy resins hereinafter also referred to as "epoxy resins”.
  • Suitable epoxy resins in the context of the present invention are, for example
  • the epoxy resins include, for example, the reaction product of bisphenol A and epichlorohydrin, the reaction product of phenol and formaldehyde (novolak resins) and Epichlorohydrin, glycidyl ester and the reaction product of epichlorohydrin and p-aminophenol.
  • polyphenols which provide suitable epoxy resin prepolymers by reaction with epichlorohydrin (or epibromohydrin) are: resorcinol, 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, hydroquinone, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -1,1-isobutane, 4,4'-dihydroxybenzophenone, bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -1, 1-ethane and 1, 5-hydroxynaphthalene.
  • epoxy prepolymers are polyglycidyl ethers of polyalcohols or
  • polyglycidyl ethers are derived from polyhydric alcohols, such as, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,2-propylene glycol, 1,4-butylene glycol,
  • Triethylene glycol 1, 5-pentanediol, 1, 6-hexanediol or trimethylolpropane.
  • More preferred epoxy resins which are commercially available include, in particular, octadecylene oxide, epichlorohydrin, styrene oxide, vinylcyclohexene oxide, glycidol, glycidyl methacrylate, diglycidyl ethers of bisphenol A (eg, those sold under the trade names "Epon 828”, “Epon 825”, “Epon 1004" and “Epon 1010” from Hexion Specialty Chemicals Inc., "DER-331”, “DER-332”, “DER-334”, “DER-732” and “DER736” from Dow Chemical Co.), vinylcyclohexene dioxide, 3 , 4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxycyclohexene carboxylate, 3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl-3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexene carboxylate, bis (3,4-epoxy-6-methylcyclohexylmethyl)
  • Diglycidyl ether of cyclohexanedimethanol eg "HELOXY Modifier 107" of Hexion Specialty Chemicals Inc.
  • trimethylolethane triglycidyl ethers eg "HELOXY Modifier 44” from Hexion Specialty Chemicals Inc.
  • trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ether eg "HELOXY Modifier 48" from Hexion Specialty Chemicals Inc.
  • polyglycidyl ethers of an aliphatic polyol eg "HELOXY Modifier 84 "from Hexion Specialty Chemicals Inc.
  • polyglycol diepoxide eg" HELOXY Modifier 32 "from Hexion Specialty Chemicals Inc.
  • bisphenol F epoxides eg" EPN-1 138 "or GY-281” from Huntsman Int. LLC
  • Further preferred commercially available compounds are, for. Selected from Araldite TM 6010, Araldit TM GY-281 TM, Araldit TM ECN-1273, Araldit TM ECN-1280, Araldit TM MY-720, RD-2 from Huntsman Int. LLC; DEN TM 432, DEN TM 438, DEN TM 485 from Dow Chemical Co., Epon TM 812, 826, 830, 834, 836, 871, 872, 1001, 1031 etc. from Hexion Specialty Chemicals Inc.
  • HPT TM 1071, HPT also, for example, Epi-Rez TM 5132 from Hexion Specialty Chemicals Inc., ESCN-001 from Sumitomo Chemical, Quatrex 5010 from Dow Chemical Co., RE 305S from Nippon Kayaku, Epiclon TM N673 from DaiNipon Ink Chemistry or Epicote TM 152 from Hexion Specialty Chemicals Inc.
  • polyepoxides can be used at least proportionally:
  • Polyglycidyl esters of polycarboxylic acids for example reaction products of glycidol or epichlorohydrin with aliphatic or aromatic polycarboxylic acids such as oxalic acid,
  • Succinic acid glutaric acid, terephthalic acid or dimer fatty acid.
  • the epoxide equivalent of suitable polyepoxides may vary between 150 and 50,000, preferably between 170 and 5,000.
  • an epoxy resin is based
  • Epichlorohydrin / bisphenol-A having an epoxide equivalent weight of 475 to 550 g / eq or an epoxide group content in the range of 1820 to 21 10 mmol / g.
  • the softening point determined according to RPM 108-C is in the range of 75 ° C to 85 ° C.
  • component a) is at least one epoxy resin which is solid at 22 ° C. and has reactive epoxy groups. To adjust the flexibility, it may be helpful to additionally provide at 22 ° C liquid or paste-like reactive epoxy resins.
  • the hardeners used are thermally activatable or latent hardeners for the epoxy resin binder system. These can be selected from the following compounds: guanidines, substituted guanidines, substituted ureas, melamine resins, guanamine derivatives, cyclic tertiary amines, aromatic amines and / or mixtures thereof. It can however, the hardeners may be stoichiometrically involved in the curing reaction, but they may also be catalytically active. Examples of substituted guanidines are methylguanidine, dimethylguanidine, trimethylguanidine, tetramethylguanidine, methylisobiguanidine,
  • Hepamethylisobiguanidine and more particularly cyanoguanidine (dicyandiamide).
  • suitable guanamine derivatives include alkylated benzoguanamine resins, benzoguanamine resins or methoxymethylethoxymethylbenzoguanamine. Dicyandiamide is preferably suitable.
  • catalytically active substituted ureas can be used. These are in particular the p-chlorophenyl-N, N-dimethylurea (monuron), 3-phenyl-1, 1-dimethylurea (Fenuron) or 3,4-dichlorophenyl- ⁇ , ⁇ -dimethylurea (diuron).
  • catalytically active tertiary acrylic or alkyl amines for example the benzyldimethylamine, tris (dimethylamino) phenol, piperidine or piperidine derivatives.
  • various, preferably solid imidazole derivatives can be used as catalytically active accelerators.
  • Representative examples include 2-ethyl-2-methylimidazole, N-butylimidazole, benzimidazole and N-Ci to C12 alkylimidazoles or N-arylimidazoles. Furthermore, adducts of amino compounds to epoxy resins are suitable as accelerating additives to the aforementioned hardeners. suitable
  • Amino compounds are tertiary aliphatic, aromatic or cyclic amines.
  • Suitable epoxy compounds are, for example, polyepoxides based on glycidyl ethers of
  • Bisphenol A or F or resorcinol Concrete examples of such adducts are adducts of tertiary amines such as 2-dimethylaminoethanol, N-substituted piperazines, N-substituted homopiperazines, N-substituted aminophenols to di- or polyglycidyl ethers of bisphenol A or F or resorcinol.
  • tertiary amines such as 2-dimethylaminoethanol, N-substituted piperazines, N-substituted homopiperazines, N-substituted aminophenols to di- or polyglycidyl ethers of bisphenol A or F or resorcinol.
  • blowing agent c are in principle all known blowing agents such.
  • the amount of propellant is preferably chosen so that the volume of the mass when heated to activation temperature (or expansion temperature) by at least 1%, preferably at least 5% and in particular at least 10% irreversibly increased.
  • activation temperature or expansion temperature
  • the mass in addition to the normal and reversible
  • Activation temperature irreversibly increased such that it is after re-cooling to room temperature by at least 1%, preferably at least 5% and in particular at least 10% greater than before.
  • the stated degree of expansion thus refers to the volume of the mass at room temperature before and after the temporary heating to the activation temperature.
  • the upper limit of the degree of expansion, ie the irreversible increase in volume, can be adjusted by the choice of the amount of blowing agent so that it is less than 300%, in particular less than 200%.
  • the blowing agent is activated according to the invention during the process step d) essential to the invention, so that the not yet cured adhesive expands.
  • the adhesive film is thermally expandable, as this hollow or interstices between the Füge tone be filled and the bonds have increased stability.
  • Component d) can be used, have in one invention
  • the elastomers proved to be particularly advantageous, which are selected from:
  • thermoplastic isocyanates and / or
  • the elastomer component d) may be a thermoplastic polyurethane d1) which may be reactive or non-reactive.
  • the thermoplastic polyurethane is non-reactive in the sense that it is not further crosslinkable. In particular, this may be a polyurethane containing a polyester chain.
  • thermoplastic polyurethane often abbreviated "TPU” is known to those skilled in the art.
  • a TPU is an at least substantially linear polymer formed by the polymerization reaction of three starting components:
  • chain extender of the general formula (OH-R-OH), wherein R is a hydrocarbon radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms,
  • the group Z may represent a polyether or polyester chain.
  • Polyether chains may be formed by ring-opening polymerization of alkylene oxides such as ethylene oxide or propylene oxide or by a corresponding reaction of saturated oxygen-containing heterocycles such as tetrahydrofuran.
  • Polyester chains are formed by the reaction of dibasic alcohols with dibasic carboxylic acids.
  • a preferred polyester chain is polycaprolactone polyester.
  • the soft segments are formed by the group Z here.
  • the hard segments are formed from the diisocyanate and the short-chain diol.
  • the polarity of the hard segments leads to a strong attraction between them, which in turn leads to a high degree of aggregation and order in the solid phase of the polymer. This results in crystalline or pseudo-crystalline regions embedded in the soft and flexible matrix of the soft segments.
  • the crystalline and pseudo-crystalline regions of the hard segments act as a physical link, giving the TPU high elasticity.
  • the flexible chains of the soft segments contribute to the expansion behavior of the polymer.
  • thermoplastic polyurethane d1) is preferably solid at room temperature (22 ° C) and has a glass transition temperature below -20 ° C, preferably below -25 ° C. Furthermore, the thermoplastic polyurethane c1) which is preferably solid at room temperature has a melting range or softening range according to Kofier, which starts above 100 ° C., preferably above 115 ° C. Suitable at room temperature
  • preferably solid polyurethanes d1) are further distinguished by the fact that they are pure Substance have an elongation at break of at least 300%, preferably of at least 400%.
  • Suitable thermoplastic polyurethanes d1) having these properties are in particular those which contain a polycaprolactone polyester chain or a polyester chain.
  • Gel permeation chromatography is determined, is preferably in the range of 50,000 g / mol to 120,000 g / mol, in particular in the range of 55,000 g / mol to 90000 g / mol.
  • thermoplastic polyurethanes which satisfy the above criteria are commercially available and can be determined from these specifications, for example from the Fa.
  • the adhesive may contain thermoplastic isocyanates d2). These are further crosslinkable and react, for example with alcohols to thermoplastic polyurethanes, which in turn can meet the criteria for component d1). These thermoplastic isocyanates d2) may be
  • be isocyanate-terminated polyether polyols in particular those having a molecular weight in the range between 1000 and 10,000 g / mol.
  • thermoplastic polyurethanes d1 instead of or together with the reactive (crosslinkable) or non-reactive (non-crosslinkable) thermoplastic polyurethanes d1) and / or the thermoplastic
  • the adhesive may be used as component d3) block copolymers
  • thermoplastic polymer blocks contain thermoplastic polymer blocks. These are preferably selected from those which have a first polymer block with a glass transition temperature of below 15 ° C, in particular below 0 ° C, and a second polymer block with a
  • block copolymers selected from those in which a first polymer block is selected from a polybutadiene or polyisoprene block and a second polymer block is selected from a polystyrene or a polymethyl methacrylate block.
  • the block copolymer d3) is selected from copolymers having the following block structure: styrene-butadiene (meth) acrylate, styrene-butadiene (meth) acrylic acid ester, ethylene (meth) acrylic acid ester glycidyl (meth) acrylic acid ester, ethylene (meth ) Acrylic acid ester-maleic anhydride, (meth) acrylic acid ester-butyl acrylate (meth) acrylic acid ester, preferably methyl methacrylate-butyl acrylate-methyl methacrylate
  • the composition of these block copolymers is defined by indicating the monomer unit for each block.
  • block copolymer in each case contains polymer blocks of the monomers mentioned.
  • up to 20 mol /% of the monomers mentioned can be replaced by other comonomers in the individual polymer blocks.
  • block copolymers correspond to those which can also be used in the context of WO 2007/025007. Further details on this and other block copolymers which are also suitable for the purposes of the present invention can be found in this document from page 25, line 21 to page 26, line 9. There you will also find
  • the adhesive used according to the invention may contain, as further component e), rubber particles, preferably those having a core-shell structure.
  • the core-shell rubber particles have a core of a polymeric material having a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C and a shell of a polymeric material having a glass transition temperature above 25 ° C.
  • Particularly suitable rubber particles having a core-shell structure may comprise a core of a diene homopolymer, a diene copolymer or a polysiloxane elastomer and / or a shell of an alkyl (meth) acrylate homopolymer or copolymer.
  • the core of these core-shell particles may be a diene homopolymer or
  • Copolymer which may be selected from a homopolymer of butadiene or isoprene, a copolymer of butadiene or isoprene with one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as vinyl aromatic monomers, (meth) acrylonitrile, (meth) acrylates or similar monomers.
  • the polymer or copolymer of the shell may contain, for example, as monomers: (meth) acrylates, in particular methyl methacrylate, vinylaromatic monomers (for example styrene), vinyl cyanides (for example acrylonitrile), unsaturated acids or anhydrides (for example acrylic acid), (meth) acrylamides and similar monomers leading to polymers with a suitable high glass transition temperature.
  • the shell polymer or copolymer may have acid groups that can crosslink by metal carboxylate formation, for example by salification with divalent metal cations.
  • the shell polymer or copolymer may be covalently crosslinked by employing monomers having two or more double bonds per molecule.
  • rubbery polymers such as polybutyl acrylate or polysiloxane elastomers such as polydimethylsiloxane, especially crosslinked polydimethylsiloxane.
  • these core-shell particles are constructed such that the core accounts for 50 to 95 weight percent of the core-shell particle and the shell for 5 to 50 weight percent of this particle.
  • these rubber particles are relatively small.
  • the diameter of the rubber particles are relatively small.
  • average particle size (as determined for example by light scattering methods) in the range of about 0.03 to about 2 ⁇ , in particular in the range of about 0.05 to about 1 ⁇ lie.
  • smaller core-shell particles can also be used
  • the average particle size may range from about 25 to about 200 nm.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the present invention is characterized in that the composition of the invention as an additional component f) inorganic particles
  • the adhesive according to the invention contains, which have a shell of organic polymers.
  • the adhesive according to the invention contains inorganic particles which have a shell of organic polymers, wherein the organic polymers are preferably selected from homo- or copolymers of acrylic and / or methacrylic acid ester and at least 30 wt .-% of einpolymerstechnischm acrylic acid and or methacrylic acid esters exist.
  • the acrylic acid and / or methacrylic esters are preferably methyl and / or ethyl esters, more preferably at least a portion of the esters being present as methyl esters.
  • the polymers may also contain unesterified acrylic and / or methacrylic acid, which may improve the attachment of the organic polymers to the surface of the inorganic particles. Therefore, in this case, it is particularly preferable that the monomer units of unesterified acrylic and / or methacrylic acid are (near) at the end of the polymer chain which binds to the surface of the inorganic particles.
  • organic polymers it is preferred that the organic polymers to at least 80 wt .-% of
  • Acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid ester exist. In particular, they may consist of 90% by weight, 95% by weight or entirely thereof. Unless the organic polymers are different
  • Monomers as these acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid esters or unesterified acrylic acid and / or methacrylic acid are preferably selected from comonomers having epoxy hydroxy and / or carboxyl groups.
  • the shell organic polymers are preferably uncrosslinked or so weakly crosslinked that no more than 5% of monomer units of one chain are crosslinked with monomer units of another chain. It may be advantageous that the polymers in the vicinity of the surface of the inorganic particles are more crosslinked than further out in the shell.
  • the sheath is preferably constructed so that at least 80%, in particular at least 90% and particularly preferably at least 95% of the polymer chains are attached at one end to the surface of the inorganic particles.
  • the inorganic particles preferably have an average particle size in the range from 1 to 1000, in particular in the range from 5 to 30 nm, prior to the application of the shell of organic polymers.
  • the particle size can be determined by light scattering methods and by electron microscopy.
  • the shell of organic polymers has a lower density than the inorganic particles themselves.
  • the shell of organic polymers has a thickness such that the weight ratio of the inorganic core to the shell of organic polymers is in the range of 2: 1 to 1: 5, preferably in the range of 3: 2 to 1: 3. This is controllable by the choice of reaction conditions when growing the shell of organic polymers on the inorganic particles.
  • the inorganic particles may be selected from metals, oxides, and
  • Oxides, carbonates, sulfates and phosphates It is also possible for mixed forms of oxides, hydroxides and carbonates, such as, for example, basic carbonates or basic oxides to be present. If inorganic particles of metals are selected, it is preferable to use iron, cobalt, nickel or alloys which consist of at least 50% by weight of one of these metals. Oxides, hydroxides or mixed forms thereof are preferably selected from among those of silicon, cerium, cobalt, chromium, nickel, zinc, titanium, iron, yttrium, zirconium and / or aluminum. Of these, mixed forms are possible, such as particles of aluminosilicates or of silicate glasses. Particularly preferred are zinc oxide,
  • the inorganic particles which have a shell of organic polymers For the preparation of the inorganic particles which have a shell of organic polymers, one can proceed, for example, as described in WO 2004/11 1136 A1 using the example of the coating of zinc oxide with alkylene ether carboxylic acids. According to this procedure, the untreated inorganic particles are suspended in a non-polar or slightly polar solvent, and then monomers or prepolymers are added
  • Coating component for the particles used monomers or prepolymers of the shell material Furthermore, production of the coated particles by "atom transfer radical polymerization" is possible, as has been described by way of example for the polymerization of n-butyl acrylate on silica nanoparticles in: G. Carrot, S. Diamanti, M. Manuszak, B.
  • inorganic cores are to be selected, as described in WO 2006/053640 from page 5, line 24, to page 7, line 15, with their production methods.
  • the coating of these cores is analogous as described in this document from p. 10, line 22, to p. 15, line 7.
  • the proposal of this document may also be followed (page 15, lines 9 to 24) to subject the inorganic cores to a pretreatment before the polymerization of the shell. For this it says at the named place:
  • the core when using inorganic cores, it may also be preferred that the core is subjected to a pre-treatment prior to the polymerization of the shell, which allows a tethering of the shell.
  • This can usually consist in a chemical functionalization of the particle surface, as is known for a wide variety of inorganic materials from the literature.
  • terminals for example in particular terminal
  • epoxy functions, as well as polycondensable groups.
  • the functionalization of hydroxyl-bearing surfaces with polymers is
  • EP-A-337 144 known ".
  • the adhesive of the invention may contain either only the said rubber particles or only the said coated inorganic particles or both types of particles at the same time.
  • one embodiment of the adhesive according to the invention is that it additionally contains g) metal powder.
  • Suitable metal powders may be selected from powders of iron
  • metal powder in which 90% by weight of the particles have a particle size which can be determined by sieve analysis in the range from 10 to 100 ⁇ m.
  • the adhesives according to the invention furthermore contain fillers which are known per se, such as, for example, the various ground or precipitated chalks, carbon black, calcium Magnesium carbonates, talc, barite, silicas or silica, and in particular silicatic fillers of the type of aluminum-magnesium-calcium silicate, z. B. wollastonite, chlorite.
  • fillers which are known per se, such as, for example, the various ground or precipitated chalks, carbon black, calcium Magnesium carbonates, talc, barite, silicas or silica, and in particular silicatic fillers of the type of aluminum-magnesium-calcium silicate, z. B. wollastonite, chlorite.
  • the adhesive may contain so-called lightweight fillers in addition to the aforementioned "normal" fillers
  • a light filler thus reduces the overall density of the adhesive.
  • These can be selected from the group of hollow metal spheres such. As hollow steel balls, glass bubbles, fly ash (Fillite), hollow plastic balls based on phenolic resins, epoxy resins or polyesters, expanded hollow microspheres with
  • the adhesive additionally contains fibers, for example based on aramid fibers, carbon fibers, metal fibers - e.g. of aluminum, glass fibers, polyamide fibers, polyethylene fibers or polyester fibers, these fibers preferably being pulp fibers or staple fibers having a fiber length between 0.5 and 6 mm and a diameter of 5 to 20 ⁇ m. Particular preference is given here
  • Polyamide fibers of the type of aramid fiber or polyester fibers are preferred.
  • curable compositions of the invention can be used other common auxiliaries and additives such.
  • plasticizers rheology aids, wetting agents, adhesion promoters,
  • Contain aging inhibitors Contain aging inhibitors, stabilizers and / or color pigments.
  • the adhesive contains the individual components in the following ranges of amounts.
  • the quantities given are percentages by weight relative to the complete adhesive, the amounts to be chosen to give a total of 100% by weight: a) reactive epoxy prepolymer: at least 20, preferably at least 30 wt .-%, and up to 80, preferably up to 70 and in particular up to 60 wt .-%.
  • a) reactive epoxy prepolymer at least 20, preferably at least 30 wt .-%, and up to 80, preferably up to 70 and in particular up to 60 wt .-%.
  • the entire proportion of epoxy prepolymer at 22 ° C is fixed, or one uses a mixture of reactive epoxy prepolymers, wherein one part of the epoxy prepolymer at 22 ° C solid and another part of the epoxy prepolymers at 22 ° C is liquid or pasty.
  • propellant the required proportion of propellant depends on the desired degree of expansion and can be determined empirically. As an indication, a blowing agent content in the range of 0.2 to 1, 5 wt .-% serve. However, blowing agent contents of up to 5% and up to 10% by weight are also possible.
  • elastomers preferably selected from: d1) thermoplastic
  • thermoplastic isocyanates d3) block copolymers with
  • thermoplastic polymer blocks a total of at least 1, preferably at least 5 and in particular at least 10 wt .-%, and up to 70, preferably up to 50 wt .-%. Only one of the components d1) to d3) or two of these components or all three components can be present. Particularly preferred is at least one of the components d1) and d2), more preferably the component d1) is present. Together with this, the component d3) is preferably used in addition. In this case, the component d1) and / or d2) in total at least 1, preferably at least 5 wt .-%, and up to 35, preferably up to 25 wt .-% before and the component d3) to at least 1 wt.
  • the adhesive may contain other polymers and copolymers with elastomeric properties or rubber particles e), preferably of core-scarf structure, for example copolymers of dienes (such as butadiene, isoprene) and (meth) acrylic acid or their esters. These may be in proportions (based on the total adhesive) of up to 20 wt .-% and in particular up to 10% by weight, and preferably more than 1% by weight, in particular more than 4% by weight. f) inorganic particles having a shell of organic polymers: not mandatory.
  • Metal powder not mandatory. If present: preferably at least 0.1, in particular at least 5 wt .-%, and up to 40, preferably up to 25 wt .-%.
  • auxiliaries such as fillers and color pigments: 0 to a total of 60, preferably up to a total of 40 wt.%, In particular up to a total of 20 wt.%, And preferably at least 5, in particular at least 10 wt.
  • the adhesive described above may be designed so that it is tacky at room temperature (22 ° C.) or not. As explained above, this can be adjusted in particular by the quantitative ratio of liquid and solid epoxy prepolymers.
  • the invention further proposes that the adhesive be provided in the form of a foam, a tape or a film. It could be shown in the context of the present invention that particularly stable compounds are obtained when the adhesive is an adhesive film, preferably with a layer thickness in the range of 0, 1 to 5 mm. In addition, this embodiment of the present invention is characterized by a significantly improved handling of the manufacturing process.
  • the adhesive is in strip or sheet form in the uncured state at room temperature (22 ° C) flexible (ie it can be easily bent by hand by 90 ° or more) or even windable (ie it can by hand to rolled up in a roll without creating an internal cavity). It can be unhardened at 22 ° C to at least 100% stretch before it breaks. Therefore, it can be adapted to the different substrate geometries and in particular wound around cylindrical bodies.
  • the adhesive used according to the invention may be applied in tape or film form to a base, for example a carrier film.
  • a carrier film for example, a carrier foil of metal, for example of aluminum, is suitable.
  • this film may have a different stiffness, which may be between firm and easily bendable. This is under a carrier film a pad
  • the adhesive may be coated on one or both sides with a peelable film, such as a release paper (e.g., siliconized paper), which is peeled off prior to application or cure.
  • a peelable film such as a release paper (e.g., siliconized paper)
  • the adhesive applied in tape or foil form is covered on one side with a foil, for example a metal foil, and on the other side with a release paper.
  • release papers has proven to be particularly advantageous for the adhesive films, which are tacky at room temperature.
  • the individual components are mixed with one another, preferably at a temperature in the range from 50 to 120.degree. (depending on the process step). If this is done in a stirred tank or kneader, the mixture can then be poured onto a substrate such as a release paper and streaked or rolled out to a tape or a film.
  • the components may be mixed in a mixing chamber of an extruder and then extruded through a suitably shaped mouthpiece in the form of a ribbon, if desired also on a release paper.
  • a carrier foil such as a metal foil can be used in both cases.
  • the invention also relates to a wheelchair with a wheelchair frame, which has at least one unit of at least two elements, which in an inventive
  • the raw materials 1 to 7 according to the following table were mixed together at a temperature of 120 ° C in a planetary mixer.
  • the further process steps take place at a temperature of max. 60 ° C.
  • the material is formed into strips with a thickness of 0.2 mm.
  • the adhesive tapes produced were used to make a wheelchair.
  • the conventional welds for connecting pipes were replaced by bonding according to the invention. After curing of the bonds in the course of drying the powder coating a stable wheelchair frame was obtained. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Adhesives Or Adhesive Processes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention porte sur un procédé pour assembler au moins deux éléments d'un fauteuil roulant l'un à l'autre, qui comprend les étapes de procédé suivantes : a) préparation d'un premier élément possédant une région de réception qui est destinée à recevoir au moins partiellement au moins une région d'assemblage d'un deuxième élément, b) disposition d'un adhésif non fluide, durcissable par la chaleur, dans la région de réception du premier élément et/ou sur la région de liaison du deuxième élément, qui est prévue pour être reçue au moins par endroits, par la région de réception du premier élément, c) introduction, au moins par endroits, de la région de liaison du deuxième élément dans la région de réception du premier élément, et d) durcissement thermique de l'adhésif entre le premier élément et le deuxième élément.
PCT/EP2011/068747 2010-11-18 2011-10-26 Procédé de fabrication de fauteuils roulants et fauteuil roulant fabriqué au moyen de ce procédé WO2012065819A1 (fr)

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DE102010044115A DE102010044115A1 (de) 2010-11-18 2010-11-18 Verfahren zur Herstellung von Rollstühlen
DE102010044115.5 2010-11-18

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10145403B2 (en) 2013-11-15 2018-12-04 Johnson Controls Gmbh Joining process, manufacturing process, arrangement of components and vehicle seat

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WO2004111136A1 (fr) 2003-06-18 2004-12-23 Sustech Gmbh & Co. Kg Poudre d'oxyde de zinc iii nanoparticulaire pouvant être redispersée
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EP0194020A2 (fr) * 1985-01-31 1986-09-10 Keelglen Limited Elément de montage
EP0337144A1 (fr) 1988-03-31 1989-10-18 MERCK PATENT GmbH Matériaux de séparation
EP0610783A1 (fr) * 1993-02-09 1994-08-17 FIAT AUTO S.p.A. Procédé de production de profiles de construction pour carrosseries de véhicules
WO1998058179A2 (fr) * 1997-06-16 1998-12-23 Cordant Technologies, Inc. Ensemble corps tubulaires couples par un lien adhesif charge par compression
EP1469020A1 (fr) 2001-09-14 2004-10-20 MERCK PATENT GmbH Particules à structure coeur-coquille
WO2004111136A1 (fr) 2003-06-18 2004-12-23 Sustech Gmbh & Co. Kg Poudre d'oxyde de zinc iii nanoparticulaire pouvant être redispersée
WO2006053640A1 (fr) 2004-11-16 2006-05-26 Merck Patent Gmbh Particule de type noyau-enveloppe
WO2007025007A1 (fr) 2005-08-24 2007-03-01 Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien Compositions d'epoxyde presentant une resistance superieure aux chocs
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