WO2012062533A1

WO2012062533A1 - Manual shifting system for a range-change transmission

Info

Publication number: WO2012062533A1
Application number: PCT/EP2011/068070
Authority: WO
Inventors: Eckhardt LÜBKE; Christoph Graswald
Original assignee: Zf Friedrichshafen Ag
Priority date: 2010-11-08
Filing date: 2011-10-17
Publication date: 2012-05-18
Also published as: DE102010043564A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a manual shifting system for a range-change transmission, wherein the range-change transmission (1) has at least one splitter unit (GV) and one main unit (HG), a transmission input shaft (4), a transmission output shaft (5), at least one layshaft (6) and a plurality of transmission ratios (i1 - i5) arranged in the wheel set levels and gearshift devices (A - F) which are assigned to the transmission ratios (i1 - i5) and have the purpose of shifting gearspeeds (G1 - G6, R), having a shifting gate (8) with a selector gutter (10) and a plurality of shifting gutters (9a - 9d) for guiding a shifting lever in a logical H shifting pattern (7), wherein in each case at least two gearshift devices (A - F) are shifted in the gearspeeds (G1 - G6, R), wherein in each case one of the gearshift devices (A - E) is shifted in the two gearspeeds (G1 - G6) in the shifting gutters (9b - 9d) with two opposing gearspeeds (G1 - G6). So that the manual shifting system permits a free gearspeed selection in an H shifting pattern (7) and is functionally reliable and user-friendly, the gearshift device (A, B, E) of the range-change transmission which is shifted in both gearspeeds (G1 - G6) of a shifting gutter (9b - 9d) is shifted during a selection movement of the shift lever in the selector gutter (10) in order to select the shifting gutter (9b - 9d).

Description

Handshake systems for a group transmission

The invention relates to a manual transmission system for a group transmission according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

In group transmissions, two or three partial transmissions, which may be designed as a countershaft transmission or planetary gear, are connected in series in the power flow. For example, in a group transmission with two groups in Vorgelegebauweise a three-speed or four-speed main group a zweigängige input group upstream as a splitter. The combination of the groups results in a relatively high possible number of gears, in which one or more Radsatzebenen compared to conventional multi-step gears can be saved, resulting in space, weight and cost advantages. In addition, they usually have a finer gear gradation and higher efficiency compared to pure powershift transmissions. In such transmissions, two or more gearshift devices are used in each gear, i. as a synchronizers or jaw clutches trained clutches to switch. For example, in a group transmission with two groups in countershaft design a switching logic may be provided in which in each of the illustrated gears one of the first group associated synchronization and one of the second group associated synchronization is connected.

A simultaneous operation of these clutches is problematic, however, since the switching times and tolerances of the associated switching elements can differ. Some circuits may malfunction, such as ratcheting a sync. This occurs in the usually designed as locking synchronizers synchronizing devices that match the speed of the switching partners via a friction clutch and allow by a blocking element only after completion of the synchronization the positive engagement of the gear, then, if due to a sign change of the applied torque tes in a lock phase, the synchronization umschnappt. Jaw clutches may cause shifting shocks or making the shift impossible. Therefore, it makes sense to switch the gear clutches behind each other when switching a gear.

Since such a switching logic relatively complicated switching operations with combinations of gear ratio changes in the partial transmissions, the circuit of group transmissions, in particular the switching elements in the basic transmission upstream or downstream transmission parts, often automatically controlled by switching programs and power-operated. In many group transmissions, however, it would also be desirable to be able to operate the transmission completely and comfortably using a manual shifting system in which the driver optically detects and manages the gears. It must be ensured that it does not come to the aforementioned malfunction.

From DE 101 37 356 A1 a group transmission with a main group in winding construction and a downstream area group in conventional stage construction is known. The main group comprises three wheelsets for forward gears and a reversing gear wheel. The area gearbox has two additional wheelsets for forward gears. Due to the multiple use of some wheelsets nine forward gears are shown in the known transmission with a total of six sets of wheels and eight clutches. Two or three speed clutches from both transmission groups are connected in the individual gears. Such a transmission offers considerable potential savings in terms of weight, transmission length and production costs. A manual system is not provided. There is no indication of the risk of malfunctioning due to the simultaneous switching of several synchronizers.

From EP 1 521 928 B1 a switching device for a stepped transmission in conventional or in a group construction with a manual switching system known in which the opposite within a shift gate and successive gears are assigned to different synchronous switching packets. Between the shift lever and the synchronizer switch packages, a conversion device is arranged. The conversion device converts the movement of the shift lever into a direction of movement of a shift means that is decoupled from the movement of the shift lever. In the known

Switching device are characterized in that the gears associated with a synchronous shift package are not consecutive gears, when switching gears within a shift gate overlapping operations of synchronous switching packages allows, which can achieve a switching time reduction. The conversion device of the known switching device allows the switching of the gears of such a stepped transmission by means of a conventional H-circuit. The disadvantage of this is that in the case of a group transmission with a switching logic that provides several switched synchronizations in one gear, there is the risk of malfunction by a simultaneous switching multiple switching packages in the lever movements.

Also known are hand-shift systems with a so-called shift drum. By a sequential circuit via a shift drum can be ensured that the synchronizers or jaw clutches are operated sequentially. The disadvantage of this is that such a shift drum does not allow free gear selection, which can lead to significant comfort and performance losses.

In commercial vehicle transmissions, it is known to pneumatically or hydraulically actuate a splitter group having two input constants and / or a downstream range group in planetary manner with a shiftable transmission, which is connected upstream of a main transmission, and to provide only the main group with a manual transmission. The manual switching takes place only when the automatic, ie pneumatically or hydraulically operated circuits are completed. In the splitter group this is ensured, for example, by a correspondingly short switching time. In the area group locks For example, an interlock the operation of the manual shift lever until the range transmission is switched.

From WO2008 / 145467 A1 is a group transmission with a

H circuit diagram known in which a range group and / or a split group are automatically switched sensor-controlled.

From the unpublished DE 10 2009 046 345 A1, a group transmission with a double-H circuit diagram is known, in which a range group is automatically switched over a selection movement between the two H-circuit diagrams.

In these transmissions, either only one of the transmission groups is switchable with a manual control system, or it is a relatively complex sensor for switching between groups necessary, or there are additional separate switching devices required, or their operation is relatively uncomfortable.

Finally, group transmissions are still known, which are operated with a guided in a shift gate shift lever, wherein the shift gate is not formed as H-circuit diagram. DE 928 214 B shows a group transmission with a Z-shaped or zigzag-shaped circuit diagram. DE 199 62 390 A1 shows a group transmission with X-shaped shift gates for a main group and cross roads for a split group. However, such schematics appear rather illogical and are therefore intuitively difficult for the driver to detect and thus prone to incorrect operation.

Against this background, the present invention seeks to propose a manual shift system with a H-diagram for a group transmission, which allows a free gear selection and is functionally reliable and easy to use. The solution of this problem arises from the features of the main claim, while advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are the dependent claims can be removed.

The invention is based on the finding that in a group transmission with a shift logic, in which two gear shift devices are connected in each gear, with the proviso that in each shift gate with two opposite gears, a gear shift device is connected in both gears involved, with the aid of an H Circuit diagram can be ensured that the gearshift devices are actuated sequentially. In particular, the circuit of the gear shift device, which is connected in both gears involved, to be completed before the second gear shift device is actuated.

Accordingly, the invention is based on a manual transmission system for a group transmission, wherein the group transmission has at least one split group and a main group, a transmission input shaft, a transmission output shaft, at least one countershaft and a plurality of arranged in Radsatzebenen translations as well as the gear ratios associated gear shifters for shifting gears, with a Shift gate with a Wählgasse and a plurality of shift gates for guiding a shift lever in a logical H-circuit diagram, wherein at least two gear shift devices are connected in the gears, wherein in the shift gates with two opposite gears each one of the gear shift devices is connected in both gears. To achieve the object, the invention provides that the switched in both courses of a shift gate gear shift device is switched in a selection movement of the shift lever in the selector gate for selecting the shift gate.

About the manual system, a gear shift device, which is involved in both gears of a shift gate, already be switched when selecting the alley in the direction of selection. The other gear shift device is then actuated when the shift lever is moved in the shift direction. This is already ensured by the H-circuit diagram without further control measures that only one gear shift device is operated at a time, and that this circuit is completed before the second gear shift device is actuated. Malfunctions or impairments of the shifting comfort due to opposing influences when shifting the gear shift devices, such as a ratchet of synchronous elements, can thereby be easily and inexpensively avoided. In addition, the driver is informed by the current position of the shift lever at any time about the currently active gear.

Due to the switching system according to the invention results as a further advantage that in circuits in an alley only one gear shift device must be operated, thereby reducing the control and operating costs. In principle, the manual switching system is also suitable for a switching logic in which more than two clutches are connected in one gear, wherein in turn one of the clutches is connected in both gears of a shift gate. However, then in the shift gates in the shift lever movement in the shift direction to operate according to several gear shift devices.

The manual transmission system may be formed, for example, for a group transmission with five ratios and six gear shift devices, with which six forward gears and at least one reverse gear can be displayed. The gearshift devices can advantageously be arranged in double-sided operable shift packages, each with two gearshift devices, and be designed as synchronizers or jaw clutches.

The transmission may have a partially progressive gear step. In such a gear step, in which the successive gear steps vary in contrast to a geometric gear step with tend to smaller jumps, whereby the difference in the maximum speed between the gears is approximately constant, comparatively fewer gears are needed to represent a certain total spread of the transmission. Overall, this allows a short and efficient group transmission with a relatively large spread with a conventional 6-speed H-shift image can be easily and safely operated.

In such an H-shift gate, according to the invention, more than one of the gear shift devices or shift packets can be shiftable both in the selector gate and in one or more of the shift gates. Accordingly, certain gearshift devices or certain switching packages are switched on the one hand in the selection direction in the selection of a particular lane and on the other in the switching direction in the choice of certain gears other lanes.

The hand-shift system is particularly easy to transfer to automated group transmissions. In particular, the manual switching system can be connected to a shift-by-wire circuit, in which all switching lever movements are detected electronically and transmitted via a signal by means of a data line, for example a data bus, to a transmission control, which controls the associated actuators. As a result, it is entirely possible to dispense with a mechanical or hydraulic coupling of the manual transmission system to the transmission. Modern shift-by-wire circuits offer a high degree of functional reliability and ease of use. By means of such a shift-by-wire circuit, individual circuit diagrams can be represented thanks to a variable guidance of the shift lever. As a result, an H-circuit diagram in which circuits of the individual gearshift devices are triggered in the selector gate and in the shift gates, can be implemented relatively easily and inexpensively in a group transmission.

To clarify the invention, the description is accompanied by a drawing of an embodiment. In this shows 1 is a schematic representation of a transmission structure of a group transmission,

Fig. 2 shows a switching logic of the transmission, and

Fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the transmission with labeling switched

Gearshift devices.

1 comprises a transmission input shaft 4, which is connectable via a starting clutch 3 to the drive shaft of an internal combustion engine 2, an axially disposed behind the transmission input shaft 4 transmission output shaft 5, and an axially parallel thereto arranged countershaft 6. Overall, there are five arranged in Radsatzebenen translations i1 to i5 provided. These are by gear pairs z1 1 / z12, z21 / z22, z32 / z32, z41 / z42, z51 / z52 rotatably on the transmission input shaft 4 or the transmission output shaft 5 and rotatably with these shafts 4, 5 designed as synchronizers gear shift devices A to F. connectable mounted idler gears Z1 1, Z21, Z31, Z41, Z51 and with fixedly arranged on the countershaft 6 fixed wheels Z12, Z22, Z32, Z42, Z52 formed. On the transmission input shaft 4 and the transmission output shaft 5 only idler gears and therefore only fixed wheels are arranged on the countershaft 6. The first two translations i1, i2 form a split group GV. The second translation i2 and the three further translations i3, i4, i5 form a main group HG. The second set of wheels i2 is therefore assigned to both transmission groups GV, HG.

The first ratio i1 comprises a idler gear z1 1, which is rotatably mounted on the transmission input shaft 4 and rotatably connected via a first synchronization A with this shaft 4, and one with the idler gear z1 1 intermeshing fixed wheel z12, which rotatably connected to the countershaft 6 is. The second gear ratio i2 comprises a idler gear z21, which is rotatably mounted on the transmission output shaft 5 and a cam gear which is meshed with the idler gear z21. mendes fixed gear z22, which is rotatably connected to the countershaft 6. The idler gear z21 of the second ratio i2 can be connected to the transmission input shaft 4 in a rotationally fixed manner by means of a second synchronization B or can be connected to the transmission output shaft 5 in a rotationally fixed manner by means of a third synchronization C. The first and the second synchronization A, B are formed as a first double-acting synchronous switching package S1 and arranged in a synchronous plane AB between the first two Radsatzebenen or translations i1, i2.

The third ratio i3 comprises a loose wheel z31, which is rotatably mounted on the transmission output shaft 5 and rotatably connected via a fourth synchronization D with this shaft 5, and a meshing with the idler gear z31 fixed wheel z32, which is rotatably connected to the countershaft 6. The third and the fourth synchronization C, D are formed as a second double-acting synchronous switching package S2 and arranged in a synchronizing plane C-D between the second and the third translation i2, i3.

The fourth gear ratio i4 comprises a idler gear z41, which can be connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the transmission output shaft 5 by means of a fifth synchronization E and is in engagement with an associated fixed gear z42 on the countershaft 6. The fifth translation i5 is designed as a reverse link translation pointer. It comprises a loose wheel z51, which by means of a sixth synchronization F rotatably connected to the transmission output shaft 5, a fixed gear z52 on the countershaft 6, as well as an unillustrated rotatably mounted intermediate wheel to reverse the direction of rotation. The fifth and the sixth synchronization E, F are formed as a third double-acting synchronous switching packet S3 and arranged in a synchronous plane EF between the fourth and the fifth gear ratio i4, i5. No synchronization is arranged between the third and the fourth gear ratio i3, i4, so that the free gap can be used, for example, for a support bearing for the shafts 5, 6.

The transmission structure 1 allows a switching logic of FIG. 2. Thus, with the five translations i1 to i5 six forward gears G1 to G6 and two reverse gears R possible. Of the reverse gears, however, only one is shown. In each of the gears G1 to G6 and R, two of the synchronizers A to F are connected.

3 shows an H-circuit diagram 7 of a manual switching system according to the invention. The synchronizers A to F to be switched are marked. An unillustrated shift lever is guided in a shift gate 8. The circuit diagram 7 of the shift gate 8 has four shift gates 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d, which are interconnected by a selector gate 10. In each case, two forward gears G1 and G2, G3 and G4, G5 and G6 are located in a logical arrangement in the three shift gates 9b to 9d. The first shift gate 9a is provided for the reverse gear R.

According to the predetermined switching logic, one of the four synchronizers A to E is respectively connected in both gears in the successive gears G1 -G2, G3-G4, G5-G6 which can be selected within one of the three shift gates 9b to 9d. This synchronization A, B or E is switched in the selection of the shift gate 9b, 9c, 9d in the selector gate 10, ie in the selection direction. The second synchronization A, B, C, D is in each case connected in the shift of the gear G1, G2, G3, G4, G5, G6 in the shift gate 9b, 9c, 9d, ie in the switching direction. When the second synchronization A, B, C, D is switched, the circuit of the first synchronization A, B, E is already completed. As is further apparent from FIG. 3, two switching packets S1, S3 or synchronization pairs A / B, E / F are actuated in the selection direction. The first switching packet S1 or synchronization pair A / B is also actuated in the switching direction. LIST OF REFERENCES

1 group transmission

2 internal combustion engine

3 starting clutch

4 transmission input shaft

5 transmission output shaft

6 countershaft

7 circuit diagram

8 shift gate

9a to 9d shift gate

10 dialing lane

A to F gear shift device

G1 to G6 gear

GV split group

HG main group

R reverse gear

S1 to S3 switching package

i1 to i5 translation

z1 1 to z51 gear

z12 to z52 gear

Claims

claims

1 . Manual transmission system for a group transmission, wherein the group transmission (1) at least one split group (GV) and a main group (HG), a transmission input shaft (4), a transmission output shaft (5), at least one countershaft (6) and a plurality arranged in Radsatzebenen translations (i1 - i5) and the gear ratios (i1 - i5) associated gearshifts (A, B, C, D, F) for switching gears (G1 - G6, R), with a shift gate (8) with a selection gate (10) and a plurality of shift gates (9a, 9b, 9c, 9d) for guiding a shift lever in a logic H-circuit diagram (7), wherein in the gears (G1 - G6, R) in each case at least two gearshift devices (A - F) are connected, wherein in one of the gear shift devices (A - E) in both gears (G1 - G6) is connected to the shift gates (9b - 9d) with two opposite gears (G1 - G6), characterized in that in both gears (G1 - G6) a Schaltgasse (9b - 9d) switched Gangschaltvorrich tion (A, B, E) in a selection movement of the shift lever in the selection gate (10) for selecting the shift gate (9b - 9d) is switched.

2. Hand switching system according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of gear shift devices (A - F) both in the selection gate (10) and in one or more of the shift gates (9b - 9d) are selectable.

3. manual switching system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the gear shift devices (A - F) via a shift-by-wire circuit can be actuated.

4. manual transmission system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the group transmission five translations (i1 - i5) and six gear shift devices (A - F), with which six forward gears (G1 - G6) and at least one reverse gear (R) representable and in a H-circuit diagram (7) are selectable.

5. manual switching system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in each case two of the gear shift devices (A - F) are designed as double-sided operable switching packets (S1, S2, S3).

6. manual switching system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the gear shift devices (A - F) are designed as synchronous clutches and / or jaw clutches.

7. manual switching system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the group transmission is designed as an automated transmission.

8. manual switching system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the group transmission has a teilprogressive Gangstufung.