WO2012057182A1 - Filtration device for heavy fuel oil for marine diesel engine - Google Patents

Filtration device for heavy fuel oil for marine diesel engine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2012057182A1
WO2012057182A1 PCT/JP2011/074626 JP2011074626W WO2012057182A1 WO 2012057182 A1 WO2012057182 A1 WO 2012057182A1 JP 2011074626 W JP2011074626 W JP 2011074626W WO 2012057182 A1 WO2012057182 A1 WO 2012057182A1
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Prior art keywords
fuel
filter
filtration
filter element
marine diesel
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PCT/JP2011/074626
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
忠明 谷垣
Original Assignee
株式会社谷垣商会
株式会社 Ａｇｕａ Ｊａｐａｎ
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Publication of WO2012057182A1 publication Critical patent/WO2012057182A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/50—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition
    • B01D29/52—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with multiple filtering elements, characterised by their mutual disposition in parallel connection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
    • B01D29/62—Regenerating the filter material in the filter
    • B01D29/66—Regenerating the filter material in the filter by flushing, e.g. counter-current air-bumps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
    • B01D35/02—Filters adapted for location in special places, e.g. pipe-lines, pumps, stop-cocks
    • B01D35/027—Filters adapted for location in special places, e.g. pipe-lines, pumps, stop-cocks rigidly mounted in or on tanks or reservoirs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/10—Filter screens essentially made of metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/32—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
    • F02M37/34—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements by the filter structure, e.g. honeycomb, mesh or fibrous
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/22—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system
    • F02M37/32—Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines, e.g. arrangements in the feeding system characterised by filters or filter arrangements
    • F02M37/50—Filters arranged in or on fuel tanks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2201/00—Details relating to filtering apparatus
    • B01D2201/04—Supports for the filtering elements
    • B01D2201/043—Filter tubes connected to plates
    • B01D2201/0453—Filter tubes connected to plates positioned between at least two plates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/12—Special parameters characterising the filtering material
    • B01D2239/1216—Pore size
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0047—Layout or arrangement of systems for feeding fuel
    • F02M37/0064—Layout or arrangement of systems for feeding fuel for engines being fed with multiple fuels or fuels having special properties, e.g. bio-fuels; varying the fuel composition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M37/00—Apparatus or systems for feeding liquid fuel from storage containers to carburettors or fuel-injection apparatus; Arrangements for purifying liquid fuel specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M37/0047—Layout or arrangement of systems for feeding fuel
    • F02M37/007—Layout or arrangement of systems for feeding fuel characterised by its use in vehicles, in stationary plants or in small engines, e.g. hand held tools

Definitions

  • the present invention can reliably capture solid impurities such as alumina, silica, residual carbon and the like mixed in heavy oil fuel of a marine diesel engine, particularly a filter for heavy oil fuel of a marine diesel engine, and of course, manufacture of a filter
  • the present invention relates to a heavy oil fuel filtration device for a marine diesel engine, which is capable of reducing the manufacturing cost of the filtration device by facilitating the above.
  • the residual oil remaining after being fractionated by the reduced pressure distillation method becomes extremely poor.
  • the extremely poor residual oil is mixed with the residual oil after atmospheric pressure distillation to adjust its viscosity, and the residual oil is provided as a heavy oil fuel of a marine diesel engine.
  • the heavy fuel oil may be extremely poor and may not remain sufficiently after removal by distillation under reduced pressure distillation such as alumina, silica and other additives or residual carbon, and may remain as impurities. .
  • alumina silica
  • other additives or residual carbon may remain as impurities.
  • various adverse effects on marine diesel engines have been reported when heavy oil fuel mixed with impurities such as alumina, silica and residual carbon is used for marine diesel engines.
  • a filtering device for removing the above-mentioned impurities is installed as a pretreatment means for heavy fuel oil.
  • this filtration device the following filtration device is disclosed in Patent Document 1 (Utility Model Registration No. 2571402).
  • this filtration device is referred to as a conventional filtration device and will be described with reference to the drawings.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view showing a conventional filtration device
  • FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing a filter of the conventional filtration device
  • FIG. 9 is a partial sectional view showing a filter element of the conventional filtration device.
  • the conventional filtration apparatus is configured by stacking a plurality of filters 27 as shown in FIG. 8 in a tank 26.
  • the filter 27 is composed of a filter element 28 and a frame member 29 for reinforcing the same.
  • the filter element 28 is made of, for example, a nickel thin film in which a large number of circular filter holes 28A are formed at intervals.
  • the filter hole 28A is formed in a trumpet shape, and as described later, the heavy oil fuel flows from the small diameter side of the filter hole 28A toward the large diameter side. Since the filter holes 28A are formed in a trumpet shape, clogging due to impurities is less likely to occur, and further, it is possible to easily perform backwashing when the filter is clogged, which will be described later.
  • the filter element 28 in which the circular filter holes 28A are formed can be manufactured by electroplating. That is, in order to manufacture the filter element 28 in which the circular filter holes 28A are formed in the nickel thin film, as shown in the schematic cross sectional view showing the electroplating apparatus for manufacturing the filter element in FIG.
  • the bath immerse the nickel plate 30 and the roll 31 on the surface of which the non-conductive portion corresponding to the filter hole 28A is previously formed, and add the nickel plate 30 to the anode (+) and the cathode (-) to the cathode.
  • the roll 31 is connected, and a voltage is applied from the DC power supply 32.
  • Ni 2+ nickel ions
  • the surface of the roll 31 is plated with a nickel film. Since the nickel film is not plated on the non-conductive portion, if the plating film is peeled off from the roll 31, the filter element 38 in which the circular filter holes 38A are formed is manufactured.
  • the circular filtration holes 38A formed by plating do not become parallel holes, but become trumpet-like.
  • solid impurities mixed in heavy fuel oil of a marine diesel engine are filtered as follows.
  • the untreated heavy oil fuel mixed with impurities such as alumina, silica and residual carbon is supplied into the tank 26 through the three-way valve 33, the impurities (S) in the untreated heavy oil fuel become , In the process of passing through the filter 27, is trapped in the filter holes 28A.
  • the clean post-processed heavy oil fuel from which the impurities (S) have been filtered is discharged out of the tank 26 and supplied to the marine diesel engine.
  • the sludge-like impurity (S) accumulated in the tank 26 is appropriately discharged to the outside of the tank 26.
  • Impurities are trapped in the filter holes 28A as the filtration progresses, and the filtration efficiency decreases.
  • the three-way valve 33 is switched to cause the unprocessed heavy fuel oil to flow back into the tank 26.
  • the untreated heavy oil fuel from the large diameter side to the small diameter side of the filter hole 28A and backwashing the filter element 28, the impurities trapped in the filter hole 28A are removed, whereby the filtration efficiency of the impurity is obtained. Can be restored.
  • impurities such as alumina, silica, residual carbon and the like mixed in heavy oil fuel of a marine diesel engine can be removed up to about 90%, which is the target, but the filter holes 28A are shaped like a trumpet Since it is necessary to form, the number of filter holes 28A formed per unit area of the nickel thin film is limited, and the opening ratio of the filter holes 28A in the filter element 28 remains at about 1%. That is, the aperture ratio can not but be reduced.
  • Patent Document 2 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-019838.
  • this filter is referred to as a conventional filter.
  • the conventional filter 34 is a frame member of the filter element 35 having the grid-like reinforcing members 36 disposed on both sides as shown in FIG. 12 showing a perspective view showing the conventional filter of FIG. 11 and a partially enlarged perspective view of the conventional filter. It consists of the one attached to 37.
  • the filter element 35 is formed of, for example, a nickel thin film in which a large number of long-pored filter holes 35A are formed at intervals.
  • the filter holes 35A spread in a trumpet shape from the inflow side to the heavy oil fuel inlet side ing.
  • the dimensions of the filter holes 35A on the inflow side are, for example, 15 to 25 ⁇ m in width and 200 to 1000 ⁇ m in length.
  • filter holes 35A formed in the filter element 35 are changed from circular to long like conventional filter devices.
  • the effect of capturing impurities does not change, and it is possible to significantly improve the opening ratio of the filtration holes compared to the case of a circular shape, because of the elongated holes, and as a result, the filtration device can be miniaturized. .
  • the conventional filter 34 configured as described above is applied to the above-described conventional filtration device, the opening ratio of the filtration holes that capture impurities can be increased. As a result, the filtration device can be miniaturized.
  • the price of the filtration device can not be reduced. That is, since high pressure acts on the filter element 35 at the time of filtration, it is necessary to firmly and reliably fix the entire circumference of the nickel thin film reinforced on both sides by the grid-like reinforcing member 36 by welding or the like. The welding between the nickel thin film and the frame member 37 can not be easily performed, and there is a problem that peeling failure of the nickel thin film occurs and the filtration efficiency is significantly reduced if there is an incomplete fixed part even in part.
  • the price of the filtration device can not be reduced.
  • the object of the present invention is to enable the facilitation of the manufacture of the filter as well as the ability to reliably capture spherical solid impurities such as alumina, silica and residual carbon mixed in heavy fuel oil of marine diesel engines. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heavy oil fuel filtration device for marine diesel engines, which can reduce the manufacturing cost of the filtration device.
  • This invention was made in order to achieve the said objective, and is characterized by the following.
  • a tank body having a fuel inlet with an on-off valve at the top, a drain oil outlet with an on-off valve, and a fuel outlet after filtration formed at the bottom;
  • the filter comprises a plurality of vertically provided filters, and the filter comprises a cylindrical reinforcing frame and a cylindrical filter element fitted to the outside of the reinforcing frame, the filter element comprising And a plurality of filtration holes are formed at intervals in a cylindrical seamless nickel thin film, and the filtration holes expand in a trumpet shape from the outside to the inside of the filter element,
  • the fuel is supplied from the fuel inlet to the inside of the tank body in a state in which the on-off valve of the fuel inlet is opened and the on-off valve of the drain oil outlet is closed.
  • the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, the dimensions of the filtration holes on the inflow side are 15 to 50 ⁇ m in width and 200 to 1000 ⁇ m in length.
  • the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in claim 1 or 2, the filter element is subjected to precision chrome plating.
  • the invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the filter holes are arranged in a zigzag manner.
  • solid impurities such as alumina, silica, residual carbon and the like mixed in heavy oil fuel of marine diesel engine can be surely captured, and of course, by facilitating the manufacture of the filter, The manufacturing cost of the filtration device can be reduced. Further, by installing a plurality of filters in which a plurality of filters are installed in one tank main body, the filtration apparatus can be easily dispersed.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a heavy oil fuel filtration device of a marine diesel engine according to the present invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is a front view which shows the reinforcement frame of the filtration apparatus for heavy oil fuels of a marine diesel engine of this invention. It is a top view which shows the reinforcement frame of the filtration apparatus for heavy fuels of a marine diesel engine of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the filter element of the filtration apparatus for heavy fuels of a marine diesel engine of this invention. It is a piping diagram at the time of installing two or more sets of filters for heavy oil fuel of a marine diesel engine of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the conventional filter apparatus.
  • FIG. 1 It is a perspective view which shows the filter of the conventional filtration apparatus. It is a fragmentary sectional view showing a filter element of a conventional filtration device. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the electroplating apparatus which manufactures a filter element. It is a perspective view showing a conventional filter. It is a partially expanded perspective view of the conventional filter.
  • FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a heavy oil fuel filtration device for a marine diesel engine according to the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1
  • FIG. 3 is a heavy oil fuel fuel for a marine diesel engine according to the present invention
  • 4 is a plan view showing a reinforcing frame of a filtration device for heavy oil fuel of a marine diesel engine according to the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a marine diesel according to the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the filter element of the filtration apparatus for heavy fuels of an engine.
  • 1 is a cylindrical-shaped tank main body installed vertically.
  • a fuel inlet 2 to which an on-off valve A is attached is formed on the upper lid 1A of the tank body 1, and a drain oil outlet 3 to which an on-off valve B is attached is formed on a lower lid 1B of the tank body 1.
  • a fuel outlet 4 after filtration is formed in a lower chamber 9 described below of the lower portion of the tank body 1.
  • Reference numeral 5 denotes a plurality of (five in this example) cylindrical filters housed in the tank body 1. The specific configuration of the filter 5 will be described later.
  • the filter 5 is vertically fixed between the upper fixed plate 6 and the lower fixed plate 7.
  • the upper fixed plate 6 is connected to the lower fixed plate 7 at a distance via a plurality of (five in this example) connection bolts 8.
  • the upper fixed plate 6 is formed in a ring shape, and a gap (S) is formed between the upper fixed plate 6 and the inner peripheral surface of the tank body 1. As described later, the fuel flows into the tank body 1 from the opening 6A at the central portion of the upper fixed plate 6 and the gap (S).
  • the upper end of the filter 5 is closed by the upper fixing plate 6.
  • the lower fixing plate 7 is fixed above the lower lid 1 B of the tank body 1.
  • the lower chamber 9 is formed in the lower part of the tank body 1 by dividing the tank body 1 by the lower fixing plate 7.
  • An opening 7A is formed at the central portion of the lower fixing plate 7, and the drain oil discharge port 3 is connected to the opening 7A.
  • the lower end of the filter 5 penetrates the lower fixing plate 7 and opens to the lower chamber 9.
  • the filter 5 includes a cylindrical reinforcing frame 10 and a cylindrical filter element 11 fitted to the outside of the reinforcing frame 10 as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. As described above, the upper end of the filter 5 is closed by the upper fixed plate 6, and the lower end penetrates the lower fixed plate 7 and opens to the lower fuel chamber 9.
  • the reinforcing frame 10 is composed of a plurality of metal rings 12, a metal rod 13 for connecting the rings 12 at intervals, and a metal mesh 14 placed on the outside of the rings 12. .
  • the filter element 11 is formed by forming a plurality of filtration holes 11A arranged in a staggered manner at intervals in a cylindrical seamless nickel thin film to which precision chrome plating is applied, and is fitted to the outside of the mesh 14 It is done.
  • the filter hole 11A has a width of 15 to 50 ⁇ m and a length of 200 to 1000 ⁇ m, and extends in a trumpet shape from the outside to the inside of the filter element 11.
  • the shape of 11 A of filtration holes may be shapes other than a long square.
  • the filter element 11 is formed of a cylindrical seamless nickel thin film in which the filtering holes 11A are formed, welding with the frame member is not necessary as in the conventional filtering device. By this, since the manufacture of the filter 5 can be facilitated, the manufacturing cost of the filtration device can be reduced.
  • the filtration apparatus can be easily dispersed by installing a plurality of filters 5 installed in one tank body 1.
  • the filter element 11 is cylindrical and seamless, the internal pressure at the time of filtration acts on the filter element 11 equally. Therefore, the strength of the filter element 11 with respect to the internal pressure can be sufficiently increased. On the other hand, since the reinforcing frame 10 reinforces the external pressure, the strength of the filter element 11 against the external pressure can be sufficiently enhanced.
  • the method of filtering heavy fuel oil (hereinafter simply referred to as fuel) by the filter device for heavy fuel oil of a marine diesel engine according to the present invention is five filtration devices. (No. 1 to No. 5) will be described by taking the case of installation.
  • No. 1 to No. 5 Open the on-off valves A1 to A5 of the filtration device and close the on-off valves B1 to B5.
  • the fuel from the fuel tank is supplied into the tank body 1 of each filtration device through the distribution valve 15. That is, the fuel flows into the tank body 1 from the fuel inlet 2 through the opening 6A of the upper fixed plate 6 and the gap (S) as shown by the solid line in FIG.
  • the fuel that has flowed into the tank body 1 flows from the outside to the inside of the cylindrical filters 5, and in the process, spherical solid impurities mixed in the fuel are trapped in the filter holes 11A of the filter element 11.
  • the fuel in which the spherical solid impurities are captured and becomes clean flows into the lower fuel chamber 9 and is supplied to the engine (not shown).
  • the spherical solid impurities trapped in the filter holes 11A of the filter element 11 of the first filtration device are removed from the filter holes 11A.
  • the fuel after the backwashing becomes drain oil and is sent from the drain oil outlet 3 to the drain tank (not shown) through the opening 7A of the lower fixed plate 7.
  • the filter element 11 is formed of a seamless nickel thin film in a cylindrical shape, so that it can be combined with a frame member as in the conventional filtration device. Since no work such as welding is required, the manufacture of the filter 5 can be facilitated. As a result, the manufacturing cost of the filtration device can be reduced.
  • the filtration apparatus can be easily dispersed by installing a plurality of filters 5 installed in one tank body 1.
  • the filter element 11 is cylindrical and seamless, the internal pressure at the time of filtration acts on the filter element 11 equally. Therefore, the strength of the filter element 11 with respect to the internal pressure can be sufficiently increased. On the other hand, since the reinforcing frame 10 reinforces the external pressure, the strength of the filter element 11 against the external pressure can be sufficiently enhanced.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Provided is a filtration device for heavy fuel oil for a marine diesel engine, capable of reliably collecting solid impurities mixed in the fuel and capable of being produced at reduced cost. Filters (5) vertically provided within a tank body (1) each comprise: a cylindrical frame body (10) for reinforcement; and a cylindrical filter element (11) fitted around the outside of the frame body (10) for reinforcement. The filter element (11) is configured by forming filtration holes (11A) in a thin cylindrical seamless nickel film. The filtration holes (11A) expand in a horn shape from the outside toward the inside of the filter element (11). In a filtration operation, the fuel is supplied from a fuel inlet opening (2) and the fuel is filtered as the fuel flows from the outside toward the inside of the filter element (11). In the reverse washing of the filter (5), solid impurities are removed by causing the fuel to flow into the filter (5) from a fuel discharge opening (4) and causing the fuel to reversely flow from the inside toward the outside of the filter element (11).

Description

舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置Filter system for heavy oil fuel of marine diesel engine
　この発明は、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置、特に、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料中に混入するアルミナ、シリカ、残留炭素等の固形不純物を確実に捕捉することができることは勿論、フィルターの製造の容易化を可能にすることによって、濾過装置の製造コストの低減を図ることができる、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置に関するものである。 The present invention can reliably capture solid impurities such as alumina, silica, residual carbon and the like mixed in heavy oil fuel of a marine diesel engine, particularly a filter for heavy oil fuel of a marine diesel engine, and of course, manufacture of a filter The present invention relates to a heavy oil fuel filtration device for a marine diesel engine, which is capable of reducing the manufacturing cost of the filtration device by facilitating the above.
　従来、舶用ディーゼル機関の燃料としては、原油を常圧で加熱して軽質分を取り出す常圧分留方式による石油精製時に生じた残渣油が使用されていた。一方、近年の世界的な軽質油の需要の増大に伴い、石油精製法のほとんどが、常圧分留方式による石油精製時に生じた残渣油に、アルミナ、シリカ等の添加剤を添加し、減圧下で加熱して、さらに軽質分を取り出す減圧分留方式が採用されている。 Heretofore, as a fuel for marine diesel engines, residual oil produced at the time of petroleum refining by an atmospheric pressure distillation method in which crude oil is heated at atmospheric pressure to take out light components has been used. On the other hand, with the recent increase in global demand for light oil, most of petroleum refining methods add additives such as alumina and silica to residual oil produced at the time of petroleum refining by atmospheric distillation method, and reduce pressure A reduced pressure distillation method is adopted which heats down and takes out further light components.
　このため、減圧分留方式により分留された後に残る残渣油は、極めて粗悪なものとなる。この極めて粗悪な残渣油に、常圧分留された後の残渣油を混合して粘度を調整した残渣油が舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料として提供されている。 For this reason, the residual oil remaining after being fractionated by the reduced pressure distillation method becomes extremely poor. The extremely poor residual oil is mixed with the residual oil after atmospheric pressure distillation to adjust its viscosity, and the residual oil is provided as a heavy oil fuel of a marine diesel engine.
　この重油燃料は、極めて粗悪な上に、減圧分留時に使用されたアルミナ、シリカ等の添加剤あるいは残留炭素が減圧分留後、十分に除去されずに、不純物として残留している場合がある。このように、アルミナ、シリカ、残留炭素等の不純物が混入した重油燃料を舶用ディーゼル機関に使用した場合、舶用ディーゼル機関に種々の悪影響を及ぼすことが報告されている。 The heavy fuel oil may be extremely poor and may not remain sufficiently after removal by distillation under reduced pressure distillation such as alumina, silica and other additives or residual carbon, and may remain as impurities. . As described above, it has been reported that various adverse effects on marine diesel engines have been reported when heavy oil fuel mixed with impurities such as alumina, silica and residual carbon is used for marine diesel engines.
　そこで、舶用ディーゼル機関への重油燃料の供給側に、上記不純物を除去する濾過装置が重油燃料の前処理手段として設置されている。この濾過装置として、特許文献１（実用新案登録第２５７１４０２号公報）には、下記のような濾過装置が開示されている。以下、　この濾過装置を従来濾過装置といい、図面を参照しながら説明する。 Therefore, on the supply side of heavy fuel oil to a marine diesel engine, a filtering device for removing the above-mentioned impurities is installed as a pretreatment means for heavy fuel oil. As this filtration device, the following filtration device is disclosed in Patent Document 1 (Utility Model Registration No. 2571402). Hereinafter, this filtration device is referred to as a conventional filtration device and will be described with reference to the drawings.
　図７は、従来濾過装置を示す概略断面図、図８は、従来濾過装置のフィルターを示す分解斜視図、図９は、従来濾過装置のフィルターエレメントを示す部分断面図である。 FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view showing a conventional filtration device, FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing a filter of the conventional filtration device, and FIG. 9 is a partial sectional view showing a filter element of the conventional filtration device.
　図７に示すように、従来濾過装置は、タンク２６内に、図８に示すようなフィルター２７を複数枚、積層して設置したものから構成されている。フィルター２７は、フィルターエレメント２８とこれを補強する枠部材２９とから構成されている。フィルターエレメント２８は、円形状濾過孔２８Ａが間隔をあけて多数、形成された、例えば、ニッケル薄膜から構成されている。 As shown in FIG. 7, the conventional filtration apparatus is configured by stacking a plurality of filters 27 as shown in FIG. 8 in a tank 26. The filter 27 is composed of a filter element 28 and a frame member 29 for reinforcing the same. The filter element 28 is made of, for example, a nickel thin film in which a large number of circular filter holes 28A are formed at intervals.
　図９に示すように、濾過孔２８Ａは、ラッパ状に形成されていて、後述するように、重油燃料は、濾過孔２８Ａの小径側から大径側に向かって流れる。濾過孔２８Ａがラッパ状に形成されているので、不純物による目詰まりが生じにくく、しかも、後述するフィルター目詰まり時の逆洗も容易に行える。 As shown in FIG. 9, the filter hole 28A is formed in a trumpet shape, and as described later, the heavy oil fuel flows from the small diameter side of the filter hole 28A toward the large diameter side. Since the filter holes 28A are formed in a trumpet shape, clogging due to impurities is less likely to occur, and further, it is possible to easily perform backwashing when the filter is clogged, which will be described later.
　円形状濾過孔２８Ａが形成されたフィルターエレメント２８は、電気めっき法により製造することができる。すなわち、ニッケル薄膜に円形状濾過孔２８Ａが形成されたフィルターエレメント２８を製造するには、図１０の、フィルターエレメントを製造する電気めっき装置を示す概略断面図に示すように、硫酸ニッケルを含むめっき浴中に、ニッケル板３０と、濾過孔２８Ａに対応する非電導部が表面に予め形成されたロール３１とを浸漬し、陽極（+）にニッケル板３０を、そして、陰極に（-）にロール３１を接続し、直流電源３２から電圧を印加する。これによって、ニッケルイオン（Ｎｉ2+）が陰極側に移動して、ロール３１の表面にニッケル皮膜がめっきされる。非電導部には、ニッケル皮膜がめっきされないので、ロール３１からめっき膜を剥離すれば、円形状濾過孔３８Ａが形成されたフィルターエレメント３８が製造される。めっきにより形成される円形状濾過孔３８Ａは、平行孔にはならず、ラッパ状になる。 The filter element 28 in which the circular filter holes 28A are formed can be manufactured by electroplating. That is, in order to manufacture the filter element 28 in which the circular filter holes 28A are formed in the nickel thin film, as shown in the schematic cross sectional view showing the electroplating apparatus for manufacturing the filter element in FIG. In the bath, immerse the nickel plate 30 and the roll 31 on the surface of which the non-conductive portion corresponding to the filter hole 28A is previously formed, and add the nickel plate 30 to the anode (+) and the cathode (-) to the cathode. The roll 31 is connected, and a voltage is applied from the DC power supply 32. As a result, nickel ions (Ni 2+ ) move to the cathode side, and the surface of the roll 31 is plated with a nickel film. Since the nickel film is not plated on the non-conductive portion, if the plating film is peeled off from the roll 31, the filter element 38 in which the circular filter holes 38A are formed is manufactured. The circular filtration holes 38A formed by plating do not become parallel holes, but become trumpet-like.
　従来濾過装置によれば、以下のようにして、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料中に混入している固形不純物が濾過される。 According to the conventional filtration device, solid impurities mixed in heavy fuel oil of a marine diesel engine are filtered as follows.
　図７に示すように、アルミナ、シリカ、残留炭素等の不純物が混入した未処理重油燃料が三方弁３３を介してタンク２６内に供給されると、未処理重油燃料中の不純物（Ｓ）は、フィルター２７を通過する過程で、濾過孔２８Ａに捕捉される。このようにして、不純物（Ｓ）が濾過されたクリーンな処理後重油燃料は、タンク２６外に排出され、舶用ディーゼル機関に供給される。タンク２６内に溜まったスラッジ状の不純物（Ｓ）は、適宜、タンク２６外に排出される。 As shown in FIG. 7, when the untreated heavy oil fuel mixed with impurities such as alumina, silica and residual carbon is supplied into the tank 26 through the three-way valve 33, the impurities (S) in the untreated heavy oil fuel become , In the process of passing through the filter 27, is trapped in the filter holes 28A. Thus, the clean post-processed heavy oil fuel from which the impurities (S) have been filtered is discharged out of the tank 26 and supplied to the marine diesel engine. The sludge-like impurity (S) accumulated in the tank 26 is appropriately discharged to the outside of the tank 26.
　濾過処理が進行するに伴い不純物が濾過孔２８Ａに捕捉されて濾過効率が低下するが、この場合には、三方弁３３を切り替えて、未処理重油燃料をタンク２６内に逆流させる。このように未処理重油燃料を濾過孔２８Ａの大径側から小径側に流して、フィルターエレメント２８を逆洗することによって、濾過孔２８Ａに捕捉された不純物が除去され、これにより不純物の濾過効率を復帰させることができる。 Impurities are trapped in the filter holes 28A as the filtration progresses, and the filtration efficiency decreases. In this case, the three-way valve 33 is switched to cause the unprocessed heavy fuel oil to flow back into the tank 26. Thus, by passing the untreated heavy oil fuel from the large diameter side to the small diameter side of the filter hole 28A and backwashing the filter element 28, the impurities trapped in the filter hole 28A are removed, whereby the filtration efficiency of the impurity is obtained. Can be restored.
　上述した従来濾過装置によれば、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料中に混入するアルミナ、シリカ、残留炭素等の不純物を目標である９０％程度まで除去することができるが、濾過孔２８Ａをラッパ状に形成する必要があることから、ニッケル薄膜の単位面積当たりに形成する濾過孔２８Ａの個数が制限され、フィルターエレメント２８における濾過孔２８Ａの開口率は、約１％程度にとどまる。すなわち、開口率を低くせざるを得ない。 According to the conventional filtration apparatus described above, impurities such as alumina, silica, residual carbon and the like mixed in heavy oil fuel of a marine diesel engine can be removed up to about 90%, which is the target, but the filter holes 28A are shaped like a trumpet Since it is necessary to form, the number of filter holes 28A formed per unit area of the nickel thin film is limited, and the opening ratio of the filter holes 28A in the filter element 28 remains at about 1%. That is, the aperture ratio can not but be reduced.
　従って、フィルターエレメント２８を多数枚、使用せざるを得ず、濾過装置の大型化およびコスト高が避けられない。濾過装置が大型化すると、船舶内の限られたスペースへの設置ができず、上記従来濾過装置が舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料中に混入するアルミナ、シリカ、残留炭素等の不純物の除去に極めて有効であるにもかかわらず、その採用に至らないことがあった。 Therefore, a large number of filter elements 28 have to be used, and an increase in size and cost of the filtration device can not be avoided. When the filtration device is enlarged, installation in a limited space in the ship can not be performed, and the conventional filtration device is extremely effective in removing impurities such as alumina, silica, residual carbon and the like mixed in heavy oil fuel of marine diesel engines. In spite of that, there were times when it did not lead to the adoption.
　そこで、上記問題点を解決することを目的としたフィルターが特許文献２（特開２００８－０１９８３８号公報）に開示されている。以下、このフィルターを従来フィルターという。 Therefore, a filter aiming at solving the above-mentioned problems is disclosed in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-019838). Hereinafter, this filter is referred to as a conventional filter.
　従来フィルター３４は、図１１の従来フィルターを示す斜視図、および、従来フィルターの部分拡大斜視図を示す図１２に示すように、両面に格子状補強部材３６が配されたフィルターエレメント３５を枠部材３７に取り付けたものから構成されている。フィルターエレメント３５は、長孔の濾過孔３５Ａが間隔をあけて多数、形成された、例えば、ニッケル薄膜から構成され、濾過孔３５Ａは、重油燃料の流入側から流出側に向かってラッパ状に広がっている。流入側の濾過孔３５Ａの寸法は、例えば、幅が１５～２５μｍ、長さが２００～１０００μｍである。 The conventional filter 34 is a frame member of the filter element 35 having the grid-like reinforcing members 36 disposed on both sides as shown in FIG. 12 showing a perspective view showing the conventional filter of FIG. 11 and a partially enlarged perspective view of the conventional filter. It consists of the one attached to 37. The filter element 35 is formed of, for example, a nickel thin film in which a large number of long-pored filter holes 35A are formed at intervals. For example, the filter holes 35A spread in a trumpet shape from the inflow side to the heavy oil fuel inlet side ing. The dimensions of the filter holes 35A on the inflow side are, for example, 15 to 25 μm in width and 200 to 1000 μm in length.
　舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料中に混入するアルミナ、シリカ、残留炭素等の固形不純物は、球状であることから、フィルターエレメント３５に形成する濾過孔３５Ａを、従来濾過装置のように円形から長孔にしても、不純物の補足効果は変わらず、長孔にした分、円形の場合に比べて、濾過孔の開口率を大幅に向上させることができ、この結果、濾過装置を小型化することができる。 Since solid impurities such as alumina, silica, residual carbon and the like mixed in heavy oil fuel of marine diesel engine are spherical, filter holes 35A formed in the filter element 35 are changed from circular to long like conventional filter devices. However, the effect of capturing impurities does not change, and it is possible to significantly improve the opening ratio of the filtration holes compared to the case of a circular shape, because of the elongated holes, and as a result, the filtration device can be miniaturized. .
実用新案登録第２５７１４０２号公報Utility model registration No. 2571402 gazette 特開２００８－０１９８３８号公報JP, 2008-019838, A
　上述したように構成されている従来フィルター３４を上記従来濾過装置に適用すれば、不純物を補足する濾過孔の開口率を増大させることができる結果、濾過装置を小型化することができる。 If the conventional filter 34 configured as described above is applied to the above-described conventional filtration device, the opening ratio of the filtration holes that capture impurities can be increased. As a result, the filtration device can be miniaturized.
　しかし、従来フィルター３４の製造に多大な時間と手間を要するために、濾過装置の価格の低減を図ることができなかった。すなわち、濾過に際して、フィルターエレメント３５には高圧が作用するので、両面を格子状補強部材３６により補強されたニッケル薄膜の全周を溶接等により枠部材３７に強固かつ確実に固定する必要があるが、ニッケル薄膜と枠部材３７との溶接が簡単に行えず、一部でも不完全な固定箇所あると、ニッケル薄膜の剥離事故が生じ、濾過効率が著しく低下するといった問題があった。 However, since it takes a lot of time and effort to manufacture the conventional filter 34, the price of the filtration device can not be reduced. That is, since high pressure acts on the filter element 35 at the time of filtration, it is necessary to firmly and reliably fix the entire circumference of the nickel thin film reinforced on both sides by the grid-like reinforcing member 36 by welding or the like. The welding between the nickel thin film and the frame member 37 can not be easily performed, and there is a problem that peeling failure of the nickel thin film occurs and the filtration efficiency is significantly reduced if there is an incomplete fixed part even in part.
　このように、従来フィルター３４の製造に多大な時間と手間を要するために、濾過装置の価格の低減を図ることができなかった。 As described above, since it takes a lot of time and labor to manufacture the conventional filter 34, the price of the filtration device can not be reduced.
　従って、この発明の目的は、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料中に混入するアルミナ、シリカ、残留炭素等の球状固形不純物を確実に捕捉することができることは勿論、フィルターの製造の容易化を可能にすることによって、濾過装置の製造コストの低減を図ることができる、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置を提供することにある。 Therefore, the object of the present invention is to enable the facilitation of the manufacture of the filter as well as the ability to reliably capture spherical solid impurities such as alumina, silica and residual carbon mixed in heavy fuel oil of marine diesel engines. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heavy oil fuel filtration device for marine diesel engines, which can reduce the manufacturing cost of the filtration device.
　この発明は、上記目的を達成するためになされたものであり、下記を特徴とするものである。 This invention was made in order to achieve the said objective, and is characterized by the following.
　請求項１に記載の発明は、上部に開閉弁付き燃料流入口が形成され、下部に開閉弁付きドレン油排出口および濾過後の燃料排出口が形成されたタンク本体と、前記タンク本体内に垂直に設けられた複数本のフィルターとからなり、前記フィルターは、円筒形状の補強用枠体と、前記補強用枠体の外側に嵌め込まれた円筒形状のフィルターエレメントとを備え、前記フィルターエレメントは、円筒形状のシームレスニッケル薄膜に間隔をあけて複数個の濾過孔が形成されたものからなり、前記濾過孔は、前記フィルターエレメントの外側から内側に向ってラッパ状に広がっており、濾過に際しては、前記燃料流入口の開閉弁を開き、前記ドレン油排出口の開閉弁を閉じた状態で、前記燃料流入口から前記タンク本体内に燃料を供給し、燃料が前記フィルターエレメントの外側から内側に向って流入する過程で、燃料に混入する固形不純物を前記濾過孔に捕捉させて濾過し、濾過後の燃料は、前記燃料排出口から前記タンク本体外に排出し、フィルターの逆洗に際しては、前記燃料流入口の開閉弁を閉じ、前記ドレン油排出口の開閉弁を開いた状態で、前記燃料排出口から前記フィルター内に燃料を流入させ、燃料を前記フィルターエレメントの内側から外側に向って逆流させることによって、前記濾過孔に捕捉された前記固形不純物を除去し、前記固形不純物を除去したドレン油は、前記ドレン油排出口から前記タンク本体外に排出することに特徴を有するものである。 According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tank body having a fuel inlet with an on-off valve at the top, a drain oil outlet with an on-off valve, and a fuel outlet after filtration formed at the bottom; The filter comprises a plurality of vertically provided filters, and the filter comprises a cylindrical reinforcing frame and a cylindrical filter element fitted to the outside of the reinforcing frame, the filter element comprising And a plurality of filtration holes are formed at intervals in a cylindrical seamless nickel thin film, and the filtration holes expand in a trumpet shape from the outside to the inside of the filter element, The fuel is supplied from the fuel inlet to the inside of the tank body in a state in which the on-off valve of the fuel inlet is opened and the on-off valve of the drain oil outlet is closed. In the process of flowing from the outside to the inside of the filter element, solid impurities mixed in the fuel are trapped in the filter holes and filtered, and the filtered fuel is discharged from the fuel outlet to the outside of the tank body. In the case of backwashing the filter, with the on-off valve of the fuel inlet closed and the on-off valve of the drain oil outlet opened, fuel is allowed to flow into the filter from the fuel outlet, and the fuel is filtered on the filter The solid impurities trapped in the filter holes are removed by backflow from the inside to the outside of the element, and the drain oil from which the solid impurities have been removed is discharged from the drain oil outlet to the outside of the tank body In particular.
　請求項２記載の発明は、請求項１記載の発明において、前記流入側の前記濾過孔の寸法は、幅が１５～５０μｍ、長さが２００～１０００μｍであることに特徴を有するものである。 The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention according to claim 1, the dimensions of the filtration holes on the inflow side are 15 to 50 μm in width and 200 to 1000 μm in length.
　請求項３記載の発明は、請求項１または２記載において、前記フィルターエレメントは、精密クロムメッキが施されていることに特徴を有するものである。 The invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that, in claim 1 or 2, the filter element is subjected to precision chrome plating.
　請求項４記載の発明は、請求項１から３の何れか１つに記載の発明において、前記濾過孔は、千鳥状に配列されていることに特徴を有するものである。 The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that, in the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the filter holes are arranged in a zigzag manner.
　この発明によれば、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料中に混入するアルミナ、シリカ、残留炭素等の固形不純物を確実に捕捉することができることは勿論、フィルターの製造の容易化を可能にすることによって、濾過装置の製造コストの低減を図ることができる。また、１つのタンク本体内に複数個のフィルターを設置したものを複数台、設置することにより、濾過装置を分散化を容易に図ることができる。 According to the present invention, solid impurities such as alumina, silica, residual carbon and the like mixed in heavy oil fuel of marine diesel engine can be surely captured, and of course, by facilitating the manufacture of the filter, The manufacturing cost of the filtration device can be reduced. Further, by installing a plurality of filters in which a plurality of filters are installed in one tank main body, the filtration apparatus can be easily dispersed.
この発明の、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置を示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a heavy oil fuel filtration device of a marine diesel engine according to the present invention. 図１のＡ－Ａ線断面図である。It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. この発明の、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置の補強用枠体を示す正面図である。It is a front view which shows the reinforcement frame of the filtration apparatus for heavy oil fuels of a marine diesel engine of this invention. この発明の、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置の補強用枠体を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the reinforcement frame of the filtration apparatus for heavy fuels of a marine diesel engine of this invention. この発明の、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置のフィルターエレメントを示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the filter element of the filtration apparatus for heavy fuels of a marine diesel engine of this invention. この発明の、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置を複数台、設置した場合の配管図である。It is a piping diagram at the time of installing two or more sets of filters for heavy oil fuel of a marine diesel engine of this invention. 従来濾過装置を示す概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the conventional filter apparatus. 従来濾過装置のフィルターを示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the filter of the conventional filtration apparatus. 従来濾過装置のフィルターエレメントを示す部分断面図である。It is a fragmentary sectional view showing a filter element of a conventional filtration device. フィルターエレメントを製造する電気めっき装置を示す概略断面図である。It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the electroplating apparatus which manufactures a filter element. 従来フィルターを示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view showing a conventional filter. 従来フィルターの部分拡大斜視図である。It is a partially expanded perspective view of the conventional filter.
　以下、この発明の、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置の一実施態様を、図面を参照しながら説明する。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of a fuel oil filtration device for a marine diesel engine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
　図１は、この発明の、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置を示す断面図、図２は、図１のＡ－Ａ線断面図、図３は、この発明の、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置の補強用枠体を示す正面図、図４は、この発明の、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置の補強用枠体を示す平面図、図５は、この発明の、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置のフィルターエレメントを示す斜視図である。 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a heavy oil fuel filtration device for a marine diesel engine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a heavy oil fuel fuel for a marine diesel engine according to the present invention. 4 is a plan view showing a reinforcing frame of a filtration device for heavy oil fuel of a marine diesel engine according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a marine diesel according to the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the filter element of the filtration apparatus for heavy fuels of an engine.
　図１および図２において、１は、垂直に設置された円筒形状のタンク本体である。タンク本体１の上蓋１Ａには、開閉弁Ａが取り付けられた燃料流入口２が形成され、タンク本体１の下蓋１Ｂには、開閉弁Ｂが取り付けられたドレン油排出口３が形成され、タンク本体１の下部の後述する下部室９には、濾過後の燃料排出口４が形成されている。 In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, 1 is a cylindrical-shaped tank main body installed vertically. A fuel inlet 2 to which an on-off valve A is attached is formed on the upper lid 1A of the tank body 1, and a drain oil outlet 3 to which an on-off valve B is attached is formed on a lower lid 1B of the tank body 1. A fuel outlet 4 after filtration is formed in a lower chamber 9 described below of the lower portion of the tank body 1.
　５は、タンク本体１内に収容された複数個（この例では５個）の円筒形状をなすフィルターである。フィルター５の具体的な構成は、後述する。フィルター５は、上部固定板６と下部固定板７との間に垂直に固定されている。上部固定板６は、複数本（この例では５本）の連結ボルト８を介して下部固定板７と間隔をあけて連結されている。上部固定板６は、リング状に形成され、上部固定板６とタンク本体１の内周面との間には、隙間（Ｓ）が形成されている。後述するように、燃料は、上部固定板６の中央部の開口６Ａおよび前記隙間（Ｓ）からタンク本体１内に流れ込む。 Reference numeral 5 denotes a plurality of (five in this example) cylindrical filters housed in the tank body 1. The specific configuration of the filter 5 will be described later. The filter 5 is vertically fixed between the upper fixed plate 6 and the lower fixed plate 7. The upper fixed plate 6 is connected to the lower fixed plate 7 at a distance via a plurality of (five in this example) connection bolts 8. The upper fixed plate 6 is formed in a ring shape, and a gap (S) is formed between the upper fixed plate 6 and the inner peripheral surface of the tank body 1. As described later, the fuel flows into the tank body 1 from the opening 6A at the central portion of the upper fixed plate 6 and the gap (S).
　フィルター５の上端は、上部固定板６により閉塞されている。下部固定板７は、タンク本体１の下蓋１Ｂの上方に固定されている。このように、下部固定板７によりタンク本体１を仕切ることによって、タンク本体１の下部に下部室９が形成されている。下部固定板７の中央部には、開口７Ａが形成され、開口７Ａにドレン油排出口３が接続されている。フィルター５の下端は、下部固定板７を貫通して下部室９に開口している。 The upper end of the filter 5 is closed by the upper fixing plate 6. The lower fixing plate 7 is fixed above the lower lid 1 B of the tank body 1. Thus, the lower chamber 9 is formed in the lower part of the tank body 1 by dividing the tank body 1 by the lower fixing plate 7. An opening 7A is formed at the central portion of the lower fixing plate 7, and the drain oil discharge port 3 is connected to the opening 7A. The lower end of the filter 5 penetrates the lower fixing plate 7 and opens to the lower chamber 9.
　フィルター５は、図３から図５に示すように、円筒形状の補強用枠体１０と、補強用枠体１０の外側に嵌め込まれた円筒形状のフィルターエレメント１１とからなっている。上述したように、フィルター５の上端は、上部固定板６により閉鎖され、下端は、下部固定板７を貫通し、下部燃料室９に開口している。 The filter 5 includes a cylindrical reinforcing frame 10 and a cylindrical filter element 11 fitted to the outside of the reinforcing frame 10 as shown in FIGS. 3 to 5. As described above, the upper end of the filter 5 is closed by the upper fixed plate 6, and the lower end penetrates the lower fixed plate 7 and opens to the lower fuel chamber 9.
　補強用枠体１０は、複数個の金属製リング１２と、リング１２を間隔をあけて連結する金属製棒材１３と、リング１２の外側に被せられた金属製網１４とから構成されている。 The reinforcing frame 10 is composed of a plurality of metal rings 12, a metal rod 13 for connecting the rings 12 at intervals, and a metal mesh 14 placed on the outside of the rings 12. .
　フィルターエレメント１１は、精密クロムメッキが施された円筒形状のシームレスニッケル薄膜に、間隔をあけて千鳥状に配された複数個の濾過孔１１Ａが形成されたものからなり、網１４の外側に嵌め込まれている。濾過孔１１Ａは、幅が１５～５０μｍ、長さが２００～１０００μｍの大きさを有し、フィルターエレメント１１の外側から内側に向ってラッパ状に広がっている。なお、濾過孔１１Ａの形状は、長四角以外の形状であっても良い。 The filter element 11 is formed by forming a plurality of filtration holes 11A arranged in a staggered manner at intervals in a cylindrical seamless nickel thin film to which precision chrome plating is applied, and is fitted to the outside of the mesh 14 It is done. The filter hole 11A has a width of 15 to 50 μm and a length of 200 to 1000 μm, and extends in a trumpet shape from the outside to the inside of the filter element 11. In addition, the shape of 11 A of filtration holes may be shapes other than a long square.
　上述のように、フィルターエレメント１１は、濾過孔１１Ａが形成された円筒形状のシームレスニッケル薄膜により構成されているので、従来濾過装置のように、枠部材との溶接が不要となる。これによって、フィルター５の製造の容易化が可能になるので、濾過装置の製造コストの低減を図ることができる。 As described above, since the filter element 11 is formed of a cylindrical seamless nickel thin film in which the filtering holes 11A are formed, welding with the frame member is not necessary as in the conventional filtering device. By this, since the manufacture of the filter 5 can be facilitated, the manufacturing cost of the filtration device can be reduced.
　しかも、１つのタンク本体１内に複数個のフィルター５を設置したものを複数台、設置することにより、濾過装置を分散化を容易に図ることができる。 In addition, the filtration apparatus can be easily dispersed by installing a plurality of filters 5 installed in one tank body 1.
　さらに、フィルターエレメント１１は、円筒形でしかもシームレスであるので、濾過時の内圧は、フィルターエレメント１１に均等に作用する。従って、フィルターエレメント１１の内圧に対する強度を十分に高めることができる。一方、外圧に対しては、補強用枠体１０により補強されるので、フィルターエレメント１１の外圧に対する強度を十分に高めることができる。 Furthermore, since the filter element 11 is cylindrical and seamless, the internal pressure at the time of filtration acts on the filter element 11 equally. Therefore, the strength of the filter element 11 with respect to the internal pressure can be sufficiently increased. On the other hand, since the reinforcing frame 10 reinforces the external pressure, the strength of the filter element 11 against the external pressure can be sufficiently enhanced.
　以上のように構成されている、この発明の、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置による重油燃料（以下、単に燃料という。）の濾過方法を、図６に示すように、濾過装置が５台（Ｎｏ．１からＮｏ．５）、設置されている場合を例にとって説明する。 As shown in FIG. 6, the method of filtering heavy fuel oil (hereinafter simply referred to as fuel) by the filter device for heavy fuel oil of a marine diesel engine according to the present invention, which is configured as described above, is five filtration devices. (No. 1 to No. 5) will be described by taking the case of installation.
　Ｎｏ．１からＮｏ．５濾過装置の開閉弁Ａ１からＡ５を開放すると共に、開閉弁Ｂ１からＢ５を閉鎖する。これによって、燃料タンクからの燃料は、分配弁１５を介して各濾過装置のタンク本体１内に供給される。すなわち、燃料は、図１中、実線で示すように、燃料流入口２から上部固定板６の開口６Ａおよび隙間（Ｓ）を通ってタンク本体１内に流入する。タンク本体１内に流入した燃料は、円筒形状の各フィルター５の外側から内側に向かって流れ、この過程で、燃料に混入する球状固形不純物がフィルターエレメント１１の濾過孔１１Ａに捕捉される。球状固形不純物が捕捉されてクリーンになった燃料は、下部燃料室９内に流入し、エンジン（図示せず）に供給される。 No. 1 to No. 5 Open the on-off valves A1 to A5 of the filtration device and close the on-off valves B1 to B5. Thus, the fuel from the fuel tank is supplied into the tank body 1 of each filtration device through the distribution valve 15. That is, the fuel flows into the tank body 1 from the fuel inlet 2 through the opening 6A of the upper fixed plate 6 and the gap (S) as shown by the solid line in FIG. The fuel that has flowed into the tank body 1 flows from the outside to the inside of the cylindrical filters 5, and in the process, spherical solid impurities mixed in the fuel are trapped in the filter holes 11A of the filter element 11. The fuel in which the spherical solid impurities are captured and becomes clean flows into the lower fuel chamber 9 and is supplied to the engine (not shown).
　一方、濾過孔１１Ａに捕捉された球状固形不純物を除去するために、例えば、Ｎｏ．１濾過装置のフィルター５を逆洗するには、Ｎｏ．１濾過装置の開閉弁Ａ１を閉鎖すると共に、開閉弁Ｂ１を開放する。このようにすると、他の濾過装置Ｎｏ．２からＮｏ．５には、燃料が高圧で供給されているので、その圧力で、燃料は、図１中、一点鎖線で示すように、Ｎｏ．１濾過装置の燃料排出口４から下部室９を経て円筒形状のフィルター５の内側から外側に向かって逆流する。これにより、Ｎｏ．１濾過装置のフィルターエレメント１１の濾過孔１１Ａに捕捉された球状固形不純物は、濾過孔１１Ａから除去される。逆洗後の燃料は、ドレン油となって下部固定板７の開口７Ａを通ってドレン油排出口３からドレンタンク（図示せず）に送られる。 On the other hand, in order to remove the spherical solid impurities trapped in the filter holes 11A, for example, No. 1 No. 1 to backwash the filter 5 of the 1 filtration device. 1 Close the on-off valve A1 of the filtration device and open the on-off valve B1. In this way, the other filtration device No. 2 to No. Since the fuel is supplied at a high pressure to No. 5, the pressure of the fuel is as shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. (1) It flows backward from the inside to the outside of the cylindrical filter 5 through the lower chamber 9 from the fuel outlet 4 of the filter device. Thereby, No. The spherical solid impurities trapped in the filter holes 11A of the filter element 11 of the first filtration device are removed from the filter holes 11A. The fuel after the backwashing becomes drain oil and is sent from the drain oil outlet 3 to the drain tank (not shown) through the opening 7A of the lower fixed plate 7.
　以上の操作をＮｏ．２からＮｏ．５濾過装置に対して行うことによって、全ての濾過装置を逆洗することができる。 The above operation is no. 2 to No. By performing on the five filtration devices, all the filtration devices can be backwashed.
　以上説明したように、この発明の、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置によれば、フィルターエレメント１１を円筒形状のシームレスニッケル薄膜により構成することによって、従来濾過装置のように、枠部材との溶接等の作業が不要となるので、フィルター５の製造の容易化が可能となる。この結果、濾過装置の製造コストの低減を図ることができる。 As described above, according to the filtration device for heavy oil fuel of a marine diesel engine of the present invention, the filter element 11 is formed of a seamless nickel thin film in a cylindrical shape, so that it can be combined with a frame member as in the conventional filtration device. Since no work such as welding is required, the manufacture of the filter 5 can be facilitated. As a result, the manufacturing cost of the filtration device can be reduced.
　しかも、１つのタンク本体１内に複数個のフィルター５を設置したものを複数台、設置することにより、濾過装置を分散化を容易に図ることができる。 In addition, the filtration apparatus can be easily dispersed by installing a plurality of filters 5 installed in one tank body 1.
　さらに、フィルターエレメント１１は、円筒形でしかもシームレスであるので、濾過時の内圧は、フィルターエレメント１１に均等に作用する。従って、フィルターエレメント１１の内圧に対する強度を十分に高めることができる。一方、外圧に対しては、補強用枠体１０により補強されるので、フィルターエレメント１１の外圧に対する強度を十分に高めることができる。 Furthermore, since the filter element 11 is cylindrical and seamless, the internal pressure at the time of filtration acts on the filter element 11 equally. Therefore, the strength of the filter element 11 with respect to the internal pressure can be sufficiently increased. On the other hand, since the reinforcing frame 10 reinforces the external pressure, the strength of the filter element 11 against the external pressure can be sufficiently enhanced.
　１：タンク本体
１Ａ：上蓋
１Ｂ：下蓋
　２：燃料流入口
　３：ドレン油排出口
　４：燃料排出口
　５：フィルター
　６：上部固定板
６Ａ：開口
　７：下部固定板
７Ａ：開口
　８：連結ボルト
　９：下部室
１０：補強用枠体
１１：フィルターエレメント
１１Ａ：濾過孔
１２：リング
１３：棒材
１４：網
１５：分配弁
２６：タンク
２７：フィルター
２８：フィルターエレメント
２９：枠部材
３０：ニッケル板
３１：ロール
３２：直流電源
３３：三方弁
３４：従来フィルター
３５：フィルターエレメント
３５Ａ：濾過孔
３６：補強部材
３７：枠部材 1: Tank body 1A: upper lid 1B: lower lid 2: fuel inlet 3: drain oil outlet 4: fuel outlet 5: filter 6: upper fixed plate 6A: opening 7: lower fixed plate 7A: opening 8: connection bolt 9: lower chamber 10: reinforcing frame 11: filter element 11A: filter hole 12: ring 13: rod 14: net 15: distribution valve 26: tank 27: filter 28: filter element 29: frame member 30: nickel plate 31: roll 32: DC power supply 33: three-way valve 34: conventional filter 35: filter element 35A: filtration hole 36: reinforcing member 37: frame member

Claims (4)

  1. 　上部に開閉弁付き燃料上部に開閉弁付き上部に開閉弁付き燃料流入口が形成され、下部に開閉弁付きドレン油排出口および濾過後の燃料排出口が形成されたタンク本体と、前記タンク本体内に垂直に設けられた複数本のフィルターとからなり、前記フィルターは、円筒形状の補強用枠体と、前記補強用枠体の外側に嵌め込まれた円筒形状のフィルターエレメントとを備え、前記フィルターエレメントは、円筒形状のシームレスニッケル薄膜に間隔をあけて複数個の濾過孔が形成されたものからなり、前記濾過孔は、前記フィルターエレメントの外側から内側に向ってラッパ状に広がっており、濾過に際しては、前記燃料流入口の開閉弁を開き、前記ドレン油排出口の開閉弁を閉じた状態で、前記燃料流入口から前記タンク本体内に燃料を供給し、燃料が前記フィルターエレメントの外側から内側に向って流入する過程で、燃料に混入する固形不純物を前記濾過孔に捕捉させて濾過し、濾過後の燃料は、前記燃料排出口から前記タンク本体外に排出し、フィルターの逆洗に際しては、前記燃料流入口の開閉弁を閉じ、前記ドレン油排出口の開閉弁を開いた状態で、前記燃料排出口から前記フィルター内に燃料を流入させ、燃料を前記フィルターエレメントの内側から外側に向って逆流させることによって、前記濾過孔に捕捉された前記固形不純物を除去し、前記固形不純物を除去したドレン油は、前記ドレン油排出口から前記タンク本体外に排出することを特徴とする、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置。 A fuel tank with an open / close valve is formed at the upper part, a fuel inlet with an open / close valve is formed at the upper part, a fuel oil inlet with an open / close valve is formed at the lower part, and a fuel outlet after filtration is formed The filter comprises a plurality of filters provided vertically inside, the filter comprising a cylindrical reinforcing frame, and a cylindrical filter element fitted to the outside of the reinforcing frame, the filter The element consists of cylindrical seamless nickel thin films spaced apart to form a plurality of filtration holes, and the filtration holes extend in a trumpet shape from the outside to the inside of the filtration element, In the case where the on-off valve of the fuel inlet is opened and the on-off valve of the drain oil outlet is closed, fuel is supplied from the fuel inlet into the tank body. In the process of the fuel flowing from the outside to the inside of the filter element, solid impurities mixed in the fuel are trapped in the filter holes and filtered, and the fuel after filtration is transferred from the fuel outlet to the tank body. The fuel is discharged from the fuel outlet into the filter from the fuel outlet, with the fuel inlet port on-off valve closed and the drain oil outlet on-off valve open, for backwashing the filter. The drain oil from which the solid impurities trapped in the filter holes are removed by backflowing fuel from the inside to the outside of the filter element and from which the solid impurities are removed is transferred from the drain oil outlet to the tank body. A device for filtering heavy oil fuel of a marine diesel engine, characterized by discharging to the outside.
  2. 　前記流入側の前記濾過孔の寸法は、幅が１５～５０μｍ、長さが２００～１０００μｍであることを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置。 The filter device for a fuel oil of a marine diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein the size of the filter hole on the inflow side is 15 to 50 μm in width and 200 to 1000 μm in length.
  3. 　前記フィルターエレメントは、チタンまたはクロムメッキが施されていることを特徴とする、請求項１または２に記載の、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置。 The fuel oil filtration device for a marine diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein the filter element is plated with titanium or chromium.
  4. 　前記濾過孔は、千鳥状に配列されていることを特徴とする、請求項１から３の何れか１つに記載の、舶用ディーゼル機関の重油燃料用濾過装置。 The filter device for heavy fuel oil of a marine diesel engine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the filter holes are arranged in a zigzag manner.
PCT/JP2011/074626 2010-10-29 2011-10-26 Filtration device for heavy fuel oil for marine diesel engine WO2012057182A1 (en)

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WO2024056996A3 (en) * 2022-09-13 2024-05-02 D & P Innovations Sdn. Bhd Filter cartridge

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