JP2012097591A - Filtration device for heavy fuel oil for marine diesel engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the cost of manufacturing a filtration device and to easily decentralize the filtration devices.SOLUTION: A filter element 11 is composed of a cylindrical seamless nickel thin film, which does not need work such as welding with a frame member carried out in the conventional filtration device. Thereby, the filter 5 is easily manufactured, and the cost of manufacturing is reduced. By installing a plurality of filtration devices having a plurality of filters 5 in one tank 1, the filtration devices can be easily decentralized.

Description

  This invention can filter solid impurities such as alumina, silica, and residual carbon mixed in heavy oil fuel of marine diesel engines, in particular, solid fuel such as alumina, silica, residual carbon, etc. The present invention relates to a heavy oil fuel filtering device for a marine diesel engine, which can reduce the manufacturing cost of the filtering device.

Conventionally, as a fuel for marine diesel engines, residual oil produced during petroleum refining by an atmospheric pressure fractionation system in which crude oil is heated at atmospheric pressure to extract light components has been used. On the other hand, with the recent increase in global demand for light oils, most of the oil refining methods add additives such as alumina and silica to the residual oil produced during the oil refining by the atmospheric pressure fractionation method. A vacuum distillation method is employed in which the lighter components are further extracted by heating underneath.

  For this reason, the residual oil remaining after fractional distillation by the vacuum fractionation method becomes extremely poor. Residual oil obtained by mixing residual oil after atmospheric pressure fractionation with this extremely poor residual oil and adjusting its viscosity is provided as a heavy oil fuel for marine diesel engines.

  This heavy oil fuel is extremely poor, and additives such as alumina and silica used at the time of distillation under reduced pressure or residual carbon may not be sufficiently removed after the pressure reduction distillation and may remain as impurities. . Thus, when heavy oil fuel mixed with impurities such as alumina, silica, and residual carbon is used in a marine diesel engine, it has been reported that the marine diesel engine has various adverse effects.

  Therefore, a filtration device for removing the impurities is installed as a pretreatment means for heavy oil fuel on the supply side of the heavy oil fuel to the marine diesel engine. As this filtration device, Patent Literature 1 (Utility Model Registration No. 2571402) discloses the following filtration device. Hereinafter, this filtration device is referred to as a conventional filtration device and will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 7 is a schematic sectional view showing a conventional filtration device, FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view showing a filter of the conventional filtration device, and FIG. 9 is a partial sectional view showing a filter element of the conventional filtration device.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the conventional filtration device is constituted by a plurality of filters 27 as shown in FIG. 8 stacked in a tank 26. The filter 27 includes a filter element 28 and a frame member 29 that reinforces the filter element 28. The filter element 28 is made of, for example, a nickel thin film in which a large number of circular filter holes 28A are formed at intervals.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the filtration hole 28A is formed in a trumpet shape, and as will be described later, heavy oil fuel flows from the small diameter side to the large diameter side of the filtration hole 28A. Since the filtration hole 28A is formed in a trumpet shape, clogging due to impurities is difficult to occur, and backwashing at the time of filter clogging described later can be easily performed.

The filter element 28 in which the circular filtration hole 28A is formed can be manufactured by an electroplating method. That is, in order to manufacture the filter element 28 in which the circular filtration hole 28A is formed in the nickel thin film, as shown in the schematic cross-sectional view showing the electroplating apparatus for manufacturing the filter element, plating containing nickel sulfate is performed. In the bath, a nickel plate 30 and a roll 31 having a non-conductive portion corresponding to the filter hole 28A formed in advance on the surface are immersed, the nickel plate 30 is placed on the anode (+), and the (−) is placed on the cathode. A roll 31 is connected and a voltage is applied from a DC power source 32. As a result, nickel ions (Ni ²⁺ ) move to the cathode side, and a nickel film is plated on the surface of the roll 31. Since the nickel film is not plated on the non-conductive portion, the filter element 38 having the circular filtration hole 38 </ b> A is manufactured by peeling the plating film from the roll 31. The circular filtration hole 38A formed by plating is not a parallel hole but a trumpet shape.

  According to the conventional filtration device, solid impurities mixed in the heavy oil fuel of the marine diesel engine are filtered as follows.

  As shown in FIG. 7, when untreated heavy oil fuel mixed with impurities such as alumina, silica, and residual carbon is supplied into the tank 26 via the three-way valve 33, the impurities (S) in the untreated heavy oil fuel are In the process of passing through the filter 27, it is captured by the filtration hole 28A. In this way, the clean post-treatment heavy oil fuel from which impurities (S) have been filtered is discharged out of the tank 26 and supplied to the marine diesel engine. The sludge impurities (S) accumulated in the tank 26 are appropriately discharged out of the tank 26.

  As the filtration process proceeds, impurities are trapped in the filtration hole 28A and the filtration efficiency is lowered. In this case, the three-way valve 33 is switched to cause the untreated heavy oil fuel to flow back into the tank 26. In this way, the untreated heavy oil fuel is allowed to flow from the large diameter side to the small diameter side of the filter hole 28A, and the filter element 28 is backwashed to remove impurities trapped in the filter hole 28A. Can be restored.

  According to the conventional filtration device described above, impurities such as alumina, silica, and residual carbon mixed in heavy oil fuel of a marine diesel engine can be removed to a target of about 90%, but the filtration hole 28A is formed in a trumpet shape. Since it needs to be formed, the number of filter holes 28A formed per unit area of the nickel thin film is limited, and the aperture ratio of the filter holes 28A in the filter element 28 is only about 1%. That is, the aperture ratio must be lowered.

  Therefore, a large number of filter elements 28 must be used, and the size and cost of the filtration device cannot be avoided. If the filtration device becomes large, it cannot be installed in a limited space in the ship, and the conventional filtration device is extremely effective in removing impurities such as alumina, silica, and residual carbon mixed in heavy oil fuel of marine diesel engines. Despite this, there have been cases where it has not been adopted.

  Therefore, a filter aimed at solving the above problems is disclosed in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2008-019838). Hereinafter, this filter is referred to as a conventional filter.

  As shown in FIG. 12 showing a perspective view of the conventional filter of FIG. 11 and a partially enlarged perspective view of the conventional filter, the conventional filter 34 includes a filter element 35 having lattice-shaped reinforcing members 36 on both sides as a frame member. 37 is attached. The filter element 35 is formed of, for example, a nickel thin film in which a large number of elongated filtering holes 35A are formed at intervals, and the filtering hole 35A extends in a trumpet shape from the inflow side to the outflow side of heavy oil fuel. ing. The dimensions of the filtration hole 35A on the inflow side are, for example, a width of 15 to 25 μm and a length of 200 to 1000 μm.

  Since solid impurities such as alumina, silica, and residual carbon mixed in heavy oil fuel of marine diesel engines are spherical, the filtration hole 35A formed in the filter element 35 is changed from a circle to a long hole like a conventional filtration device. However, the trapping effect of impurities does not change, and the aperture ratio of the filtration hole can be greatly improved compared to the case of a circular shape, and as a result, the filtration device can be downsized. .

Utility Model Registration No. 2571402 JP 2008-019838 A

  When the conventional filter 34 configured as described above is applied to the conventional filtration device, the aperture ratio of the filtration holes for trapping impurities can be increased, so that the filtration device can be reduced in size.

  However, since it takes a lot of time and labor to manufacture the conventional filter 34, the price of the filtration device cannot be reduced. That is, since a high pressure acts on the filter element 35 during filtration, it is necessary to firmly and surely fix the entire circumference of the nickel thin film whose both surfaces are reinforced by the lattice reinforcing member 36 to the frame member 37 by welding or the like. If the nickel thin film and the frame member 37 cannot be easily welded, and there is an imperfect fixing portion even in part, there is a problem that the nickel thin film is peeled off and the filtration efficiency is remarkably lowered.

  As described above, since it takes a lot of time and labor to manufacture the conventional filter 34, the price of the filtration device cannot be reduced.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to enable easy capture of a filter as well as to surely capture spherical solid impurities such as alumina, silica and residual carbon mixed in heavy oil fuel of a marine diesel engine. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a heavy oil fuel filtering device for marine diesel engines, which can reduce the manufacturing cost of the filtering device.

  The present invention has been made to achieve the above object, and is characterized by the following.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tank body in which a fuel inlet with an on-off valve is formed in the upper part, a drain oil outlet with an on-off valve and a fuel outlet after filtration formed in the lower part, and the tank body The filter comprises a plurality of filters provided vertically, and the filter includes a cylindrical reinforcing frame and a cylindrical filter element fitted on the outside of the reinforcing frame, and the filter element The cylindrical seamless nickel thin film has a plurality of filtration holes formed at intervals, and the filtration holes extend in a trumpet shape from the outside to the inside of the filter element. The fuel inlet is opened, the drain oil outlet opening / closing valve is closed, and fuel is supplied from the fuel inlet into the tank body. In the process of flowing in from the outside to the inside of the filter element, the solid impurities mixed in the fuel are captured by the filtration hole and filtered, and the filtered fuel is discharged out of the tank body from the fuel discharge port, When the filter is backwashed, the on-off valve at the fuel inlet is closed, the on-off valve at the drain oil outlet is opened, fuel is flowed into the filter from the fuel outlet, and the fuel is supplied to the filter element. The solid impurities trapped in the filtration hole are removed by flowing backward from the inside to the outside, and the drain oil from which the solid impurities have been removed is discharged out of the tank body from the drain oil discharge port. It has the characteristics.

  The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention described in claim 1, the size of the filtration hole on the inflow side is 15 to 50 μm in width and 200 to 1000 μm in length.

  A third aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the first or second aspect, the filter element is subjected to precision chrome plating.

  The invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that, in the invention described in any one of claims 1 to 3, the filter holes are arranged in a staggered pattern.

  According to the present invention, solid impurities such as alumina, silica, and residual carbon mixed in heavy oil fuel of a marine diesel engine can be surely captured. The manufacturing cost of the filtration device can be reduced. Further, by disposing a plurality of filters in which a plurality of filters are installed in one tank body, it is possible to easily disperse the filtering device.

It is sectional drawing which shows the filter apparatus for heavy oil fuels of the marine diesel engine of this invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line of FIG. It is a front view which shows the frame for reinforcement of the filter apparatus for heavy oil fuels of a marine diesel engine of this invention. It is a top view which shows the frame for reinforcement of the filter apparatus for heavy oil fuels of a marine diesel engine of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows the filter element of the filtration apparatus for heavy oil fuels of a marine diesel engine of this invention. It is a piping diagram at the time of installing a plurality of heavy oil fuel filtration devices of a marine diesel engine of this invention. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the conventional filtration apparatus. It is a perspective view which shows the filter of the conventional filtration apparatus. It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the filter element of the conventional filtration apparatus. It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the electroplating apparatus which manufactures a filter element. It is a perspective view which shows a conventional filter. It is a partial expansion perspective view of the conventional filter.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a filtration device for heavy oil fuel of a marine diesel engine according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a heavy oil fuel filtering device for a marine diesel engine according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a heavy oil fuel for a marine diesel engine according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a reinforcing frame of a heavy oil fuel filtering device for a marine diesel engine according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a marine diesel according to the present invention. It is a perspective view which shows the filter element of the filtration apparatus for heavy oil fuels of an engine.

  1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical tank body installed vertically. A fuel inlet 2 to which the on-off valve A is attached is formed in the upper lid 1A of the tank body 1, and a drain oil discharge port 3 to which the on-off valve B is attached is formed in the lower lid 1B of the tank body 1. A filtered fuel discharge port 4 is formed in a lower chamber 9, which will be described later, below the tank body 1.

  Reference numeral 5 denotes a plurality of (five in this example) cylindrical filters housed in the tank body 1. A specific configuration of the filter 5 will be described later. The filter 5 is fixed vertically between the upper fixing plate 6 and the lower fixing plate 7. The upper fixing plate 6 is connected to the lower fixing plate 7 via a plurality of (in this example, five) connecting bolts 8 with a gap. The upper fixing plate 6 is formed in a ring shape, and a gap (S) is formed between the upper fixing plate 6 and the inner peripheral surface of the tank body 1. As will be described later, the fuel flows into the tank body 1 through the opening 6A in the center of the upper fixing plate 6 and the gap (S).

  The upper end of the filter 5 is closed by the upper fixing plate 6. The lower fixing plate 7 is fixed above the lower lid 1B of the tank body 1. Thus, the lower chamber 9 is formed in the lower part of the tank body 1 by partitioning the tank body 1 with the lower fixing plate 7. An opening 7A is formed at the center of the lower fixing plate 7, and the drain oil discharge port 3 is connected to the opening 7A. The lower end of the filter 5 passes through the lower fixing plate 7 and opens into the lower chamber 9.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the filter 5 includes a cylindrical reinforcing frame 10 and a cylindrical filter element 11 fitted on the outside of the reinforcing frame 10. As described above, the upper end of the filter 5 is closed by the upper fixing plate 6, and the lower end passes through the lower fixing plate 7 and opens into the lower chamber 9.

  The reinforcing frame 10 includes a plurality of metal rings 12, a metal bar 13 that connects the rings 12 at intervals, and a metal net 14 that covers the outside of the ring 12. .

  The filter element 11 is formed by forming a plurality of filtering holes 11A arranged in a staggered pattern at intervals in a cylindrical seamless nickel thin film plated with precision chrome, and is fitted outside the mesh 14. It is. The filtration hole 11A has a size of 15 to 50 μm in width and 200 to 1000 μm in length, and spreads in a trumpet shape from the outside to the inside of the filter element 11. The shape of the filtration hole 11A may be a shape other than the long square.

  As described above, since the filter element 11 is configured by the cylindrical seamless nickel thin film in which the filtration holes 11A are formed, it is not necessary to weld the frame element like the conventional filtration device. As a result, the manufacture of the filter 5 can be facilitated, so that the manufacturing cost of the filtration device can be reduced.

  Moreover, by disposing a plurality of filters in which a plurality of filters 5 are installed in one tank body 1, it is possible to easily disperse the filtering device.

  Furthermore, since the filter element 11 is cylindrical and seamless, the internal pressure during filtration acts equally on the filter element 11. Therefore, the strength against the internal pressure of the filter element 11 can be sufficiently increased. On the other hand, since the external pressure is reinforced by the reinforcing frame 10, the strength of the filter element 11 against the external pressure can be sufficiently increased.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the filtration method of heavy oil fuel (hereinafter simply referred to as fuel) by the heavy oil fuel filtration device of the marine diesel engine according to the present invention configured as described above is provided with five filtration devices. (No. 1 to No. 5), the case where it is installed will be described as an example.

  No. 1 to No. 5 Open / close valves A1 to A5 of the filtration device are opened, and open / close valves B1 to B5 are closed. As a result, the fuel from the fuel tank is supplied into the tank body 1 of each filtration device via the distribution valve 15. That is, as shown by a solid line in FIG. 1, the fuel flows into the tank body 1 from the fuel inlet 2 through the opening 6 </ b> A and the gap (S) of the upper fixing plate 6. The fuel that has flowed into the tank body 1 flows from the outside to the inside of each cylindrical filter 5, and in this process, spherical solid impurities mixed in the fuel are captured in the filtration holes 11 </ b> A of the filter element 11. The fuel that has been cleaned by trapping the spherical solid impurities flows into the lower chamber 9 and is supplied to an engine (not shown).

  On the other hand, in order to remove the spherical solid impurities trapped in the filtration hole 11A, for example, No. In order to backwash the filter 5 of the 1 filtration device, 1 The on-off valve A1 of the filtration device is closed and the on-off valve B1 is opened. In this way, other filtration devices No. 2 to No. 5, since the fuel is supplied at a high pressure, the fuel is No. 5 as shown by the one-dot chain line in FIG. 1 Flows backward from the inside to the outside of the cylindrical filter 5 from the fuel discharge port 4 of the filtration device through the lower chamber 9. As a result, no. The spherical solid impurities trapped in the filtration hole 11A of the filter element 11 of the single filtration device are removed from the filtration hole 11A. The fuel after backwashing becomes drain oil, passes through the opening 7A of the lower fixing plate 7, and is sent from the drain oil discharge port 3 to a drain tank (not shown).

  The above operation is repeated with No. 2 to No. By carrying out with respect to 5 filtration apparatuses, all the filtration apparatuses can be backwashed.

  As described above, according to the heavy oil fuel filtering device of the marine diesel engine of the present invention, the filter element 11 is formed of a cylindrical seamless nickel thin film, so that the Since work such as welding is not required, the filter 5 can be easily manufactured. As a result, the manufacturing cost of the filtration device can be reduced.

  Moreover, by disposing a plurality of filters in which a plurality of filters 5 are installed in one tank body 1, it is possible to easily disperse the filtering device.

  Furthermore, since the filter element 11 is cylindrical and seamless, the internal pressure during filtration acts equally on the filter element 11. Therefore, the strength against the internal pressure of the filter element 11 can be sufficiently increased. On the other hand, since the external pressure is reinforced by the reinforcing frame 10, the strength of the filter element 11 against the external pressure can be sufficiently increased.

1: Tank body 1A: Upper lid 1B: Lower lid 2: Fuel inlet 3: Drain oil outlet 4: Fuel outlet 5: Filter 6: Upper fixing plate 6A: Opening 7: Lower fixing plate 7A: Opening 8: Connection bolt 9: Lower chamber 10: Reinforcing frame 11: Filter element 11A: Filter hole 12: Ring 13: Bar 14: Net 15: Distribution valve 26: Tank 27: Filter 28: Filter element 29: Frame member 30: Nickel plate 31: Roll 32: DC power supply 33: Three-way valve 34: Conventional filter 35: Filter element 35A: Filter hole 36: Reinforcing member 37: Frame member

Claims (4)

  A tank body in which a fuel inlet with an opening / closing valve is formed in an upper part with an opening / closing valve in an upper part and a fuel oil inlet with an opening / closing valve in a lower part and a fuel outlet after filtration are formed in a lower part, and the tank body A plurality of filters vertically provided therein, the filter comprising a cylindrical reinforcing frame and a cylindrical filter element fitted on the outside of the reinforcing frame, the filter The element consists of a cylindrical seamless nickel thin film with a plurality of filtration holes formed at intervals, and the filtration holes spread in a trumpet shape from the outside to the inside of the filter element. At the time, the fuel inlet / outlet valve is opened, the drain oil outlet opening / closing valve is closed, and the fuel is supplied from the fuel inlet into the tank body. In the process in which the fuel flows from the outside to the inside of the filter element, the solid impurities mixed in the fuel are trapped in the filtration hole and filtered, and the filtered fuel is discharged from the fuel discharge port to the outside of the tank body. When the filter is backwashed, the on-off valve of the fuel inlet is closed, and the on-off valve of the drain oil outlet is opened, and fuel is caused to flow into the filter from the fuel outlet. The solid impurities trapped in the filtration hole are removed by backflowing from the inside to the outside of the filter element, and the drain oil from which the solid impurities have been removed is discharged from the drain oil discharge port to the outside of the tank body. A heavy oil fuel filtration device for a marine diesel engine, characterized in that   2. The heavy oil fuel filtering device for a marine diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein the filter hole on the inflow side has a width of 15 to 50 μm and a length of 200 to 1000 μm.   The heavy oil fuel filtering device for marine diesel engines according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the filter element is plated with titanium or chrome.   4. The heavy oil fuel filtering device for a marine diesel engine according to claim 1, wherein the filtering holes are arranged in a staggered pattern. 5.

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