Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
  • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
  • F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
  • F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for running a turbo set.
• turbo set When operating a turbo set with a steam turbine and a generator for a steam turbine plant, it can lead to Stör ⁇ cases that make it necessary to shut down the turbo set.
• the shutdown of the turbo set is usually done by disconnecting the generator from a coupled power grid and reducing a live steam supply of the steam turbine. The decoupled from the mains generator then runs at idle with the steam turbine. After disconnecting the generator from the power grid as well as the decrease of the fresh steam supply a stored in the turbo set kinetic energy is substantially reduced via a friction loss at a steam turbine plant belonging to the bearings as well as via a Ven ⁇ tilationsmother in the steam turbine. Since the friction and ventilation losses are typically small compared to the kinetic energy stored in the turbine set, the turbo set has long outflow times of up to one hour.
• turbo set passes through so-called blade resonances, which can lead to strong vibrations on a blade belonging to the turbine. This can lead to a lifetime consumption of the blading, wherein a slower passage through the turbine set by the blade resonances can be equal to a greater lifetime consumption. Therefore, a quick shutdown of the turbo set is desirable.
• a known measure to accelerate the shutdown process is to break a vacuum of a steam turbine plant belonging to the capaci ⁇ sector, whereby the ventilation losses increased ⁇ the.
• This measure used in emergency shutdowns, However, additional load on the blading, resulting in an even higher loss of life occurs.
• the invention has for its object to provide a method for running a turbo set for a steam turbine plant, in which the above problems are largely avoided and in particular the flow time of Turbosat ⁇ zes is shortened.
• the object is according to the invention with a method for driving a ⁇ from Turbo rate for a steam turbine plant according to claim 1 dissolved.
• the inventive method for shutting down a turbine set for a steam turbine plant includes the steps of: providing ⁇ of the turbo set, comprising a steam turbine and a generator, the generator having an exciter machine and an excitation winding; Driving the steam turbine with live steam and dissipating the generator power to a power receiver; Disconnecting the generator from the power receiver; Reducing the live steam supply to the turbine;
• the turbine passes through the so-called Schau ⁇ fel resonances, which can drag strong blade vibrations.
• These blade vibrations lead to an increased load on the turbine and can thus lead to an increased lifetime consumption. Due to the shortened when using the method according to the invention for running the turbo set flow time, the blade resonances are passed through quickly and consequently in a shorter period of time. As a result, a load on the turbine is reduced due to strong blade vibrations and associated lifetime consumption is advantageously minimized.
• the generator preferably has a generator cooler and the method comprises the steps of: determining the generator cooling capacity of the generator cooler during operation of the turbo set; He sizing the ⁇ brisk stream such that the heat loss does not exceed the Generatorküh ⁇ ler intricate.
• the exciter winding is supplied in such a way with the elekt ⁇ innovative excitation current that the generator is adjusting heat loss always corresponds to the generator cooler performance.
• the turbine set is continuously withdrawn precisely the amount of energy that can be derived as maximum heat loss through the generator cooler.
• the generator is thus protected by means of the already existing generator cooler from thermal damage, such as overheating of its field winding.
• the speed gradient during the shutdown of the turbo set by means of the generator is made as large as possible, whereby the blade resonances
• the excitation winding is preferably supplied with the electrical exciter current by means of the exciter machine in such a way that a mechanical loading of the turbo set during retraction is minimized.
• the degree of mechanical loading of the turbine set with regard to the passage through blade resonances is preferably defined.
• the generator is operated as a function of mechanical loads occurring on components of the turbo set, which result in particular when passing through blade resonances.
• the turbo set is driven off with a speed gradient adapted to the blade resonances.
• the excitation winding is supplied in such a way with the elekt ⁇ innovative excitation current that the turbine outlet scho ⁇ Nend extends, whereby the mechanical stress is minimized by means of the exciter.
• the generator cooler capacity is preferably determined in dependence on the supplied the generator ⁇ led mechanical power delivered by the generator and the electric terminal power.
• the generator cooling power is preferably determined by means of the generator efficiency.
• FIG. 1 shows the courses of various power curves plotted against time when a heat loss occurring at the generator always corresponds to a generator cooler power
• FIG. 2 shows the curves of various power curves plotted against time when an excitation current of the generator is dimensioned such that the mechanical ⁇ cal load on the turbo set is minimized.
• FIGS. 1 and 2 show the curves of different performance curves of two different embodiments of the method according to the invention.
• the method be ⁇ meets a descending a turboset comprising a turbine and a generator.
• the turbine is supplied with a live steam, which relaxes in the turbine and thus drives the turbine.
• the turbine has a rotor coupled to a rotor of the generator.
• the generator is further coupled to a power collector, for example a power grid.
• a power collector for example a power grid.
• a curve 1 shows a curve of the speed of a Turbosat zes when driving off.
• the steam supply to the turbine is reduced and also decoupled the generator from the mains, whereby the generator idles with the shaft line runs.
• a reduction of the kineti ⁇ cal energy of the turbo set is done, inter alia, by means of bearing friction losses on the steam turbine plant rotaryi gene camps and by means of ventilation losses in the turbine. With the thus expiring turbine set according to the curve, flow times of up to one hour result.
• the turbo set also passes through a critical speed range 2, in which so-called blade resonances can occur at an associated turbine blading. This leads to strong vibrations at the turbine blading and thus to an increased lifetime consumption.
• a curve 3 shows the rotational speed of the turbo set in a braked off ⁇ ride according to the inventive method.
• an exciter winding attached to the rotor is acted on by an electrical excitation current, whereby a magnetic field is generated on the rotor.
• an electrical current is induced, which is converted in a partial short final operation of the generator into a loss of heat.
• the generator is thus provided according to the invention as an additional load on the turbo set, which is operated in the Generalkurzschlus and thereby serves as an energy sink.
• the generator generates the heat loss, which is always to be dimensioned by means of an excitation current of the generator so that the generator takes no damage due to overheating.
• a generator cooling capacity plotted over time as a curve 4, determined and the generator so acted upon by an excitation current that the resulting heat loss of the generator always corresponds to the generator cooling capacity.
• the heat loss of the generator is related to the braking power of the generator 5, which in turn is proportional to the exciter Ström.
• FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the method according to the invention based on power curves, plotted against time, in which the generator braking power 5 is shown
• Generator cooler power 4 briefly exceeds, in order to decelerate the turbo set when passing through the critical speed range 2.
• the resulting heat loss on the generator does not damage this, since by means of the excitation current, the heat loss is dimensioned accordingly.
• Also in this imple mentation of the method according to the invention is a period of time 9, which is required for a braked downhill through the critical speed range 2, significantly shorter than a period 10 for an unrestrained departure.
• the Erre ⁇ gerstrom After passing through the critical speed range 2, the Erre ⁇ gerstrom the generator is turned off, causing the generator idles running with the turbo set.
• the turbo set can be braked to drive through the critical speed range as quickly as possible.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
• Control Of Turbines (AREA)

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Citations (7)

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• 2010
  • 2010-10-29 EP EP10189412A patent/EP2447482A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 2011
  • 2011-10-12 EP EP11771087.1A patent/EP2611994B1/de not_active Not-in-force
  • 2011-10-12 WO PCT/EP2011/067807 patent/WO2012055702A1/de active Application Filing
  • 2011-10-12 CN CN201180052328.2A patent/CN103201463B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related

Patent Citations (7)

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